Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization Under Strip Multiple Cropping Pattern of Different Maize Varieties and Soybean

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190400003

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aims to use the biological nitrogen fixation of soybean scientifically and to select the optimal combination under corn and soybean strip multiple cropping mode. ‘Dafeng 26’ (IC1), ‘Dafeng 30’ (IC2), ‘Qiangsheng 51’ (IC3) and ‘Qiangsheng 388’ (IC4) were used as materials, the single factor randomized block and long-term location experiment was used to determine the nitrogen utilization and yield of each maize variety. The results showed that under corn and soybean strip multiple cropping mode, the yield and aboveground biomass of maize was as following: IC2>IC3>IC4>IC1 (P<0.05). Compared with IC1, IC3 and IC4 treatments, IC2 treatment increased the average annual nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen agronomic utilization rate, nitrogen physiological utilization rate and nitrogen partial productivity significantly by 10.8%, 11.0%, 15.3%; 17.3%, 32.3%, 26.2%; 36.8%, 34.9%, 30.1%; 18.8%, 20.6%, 12.5%, respectively. The average annual nitrogen harvest index of IC2 treatment was significantly decreased by 4.6 percentage points compared with that of IC4 treatment (P<0.05). In addition, nitrogen agronomic utilization rate, nitrogen physiological utilization rate, nitrogen harvest index were significantly and positively correlated with yield (P<0.05). The comprehensive results showed that ‘Dafeng 30’ and soybean strip multiple cropping could significantly improve crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency, and they could be promoted as a better combination in Shanxi Province.

Key words: strip multiple cropping, variety, maize, yield, nitrogen efficiency

CLC Number:

S5-33

Wang Jing, Su Dongtao, Li Nana. Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization Under Strip Multiple Cropping Pattern of Different Maize Varieties and Soybean[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(19): 18-24.

Figures/Tables 7

References 31

[1]	中华人民共和国国家统计局. 中国统计年鉴2015[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2015.
[2]	朱兆良, 金继运. 保障我国粮食安全的肥料问题[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2013,19(2):259-273. doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2013.0201 URL
[3]	Wu L, Chen X, Cui Z, et al. Establishing a regional nitrogen management approach to mitigate greenhouse gas emission intensity from intensive smallholder maize production[J]. PLOS one, 2014,9(5):e98481. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098481 URL pmid: 24875747
[4]	杨文亭, 王晓维, 王建武. 豆科-禾本科间作系统中作物和土壤氮素相关研究进展[J]. 生态学杂志, 2013,32(9):2480-2484.
[5]	Pappa V A, Rees R M, Walker R L, et al. Nitrous oxide emissions and nitrate leaching in an arable rotation resulting from the presence of an intercrop[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2011,141(1-2):153-161.
[6]	Nie S, Eneji A E, Chen Y, et al. Nitrate leaching from maize intercropping systems with N fertilizer over-dose[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2012,11(9):1555-1565.
[7]	Mushagalusa G N, Ledent J F, Draye X, et al. Shoot and root competition in potato/maize intercropping: Effects on growth and yield[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2008,64(2):180-188. doi: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2008.05.008 URL
[8]	柴强, 胡发龙, 陈桂平. 禾豆间作氮素高效利用机理及农艺调控途径研究进展[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2017,25(1):19-26.
[9]	Wang Y L, Liu T X, Tan J F, et al. Effect of N fertilization on yield, N absorption and utilization of two species of super high-yielding summer maize[J]. Agricultural Science & Technology-Hunan, 2012,13(2):339-374.
[10]	刘英超, 肖靖秀, 汤利, 等. 施氮量对间作小麦蚕豆根系分泌槲皮素和橙皮素的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017,50(16):3092-3100. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.16.004 URL
[11]	李玉英, 胡汉升, 程序, 等. 种间互作和施氮对蚕豆/玉米间作生态系统地上部和地下部生长的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2011,31(6):1617-1630.
[12]	景立权, 赵福成, 王德成, 等. 不同施氮水平对超高产夏玉米氮磷钾积累与分配的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2013,39(8):1478-1490. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.01478 URL
[13]	陈国庆, 齐文增, 李振, 等. 不同氮素水平下超高产夏玉米冠层的高光谱特征[J]. 生态学报, 2010,30(22):6035-6043.
[14]	Ciampitti I A, Vyn T J. Physiological perspectives of changes over time in maize yield dependency on nitrogen uptake and associated nitrogen efficiencies: A review[J]. Field Crops Research, 2012,133(11):48-67. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2012.03.008 URL
[15]	Hou P, Gao Q, Xie R, et al. Grain yields in relation to N requirement: Optimizing nitrogen management for spring maize grown in China[J]. Field Crops Research, 2012,129(11):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2012.01.006 URL
[16]	王荣焕, 陈传永, 徐田军, 等. 不同基因型玉米品种产量和氮素利用效率对减施氮肥的响应[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2018,20(4):101-107.
[17]	Presterl T, Groh S, Landbeck M, et al. Nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency of European maize hybrids developed under conditions of low and high nitrogen input[J]. Plant Breeding, 2002,121(6):480-486. doi: 10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00770.x URL
[18]	高阳, 申孝军, 杨林林, 等. 不同水氮处理对玉米-大豆间作群体内作物光能截获,竞争和利用的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2015,35(3):815-822. doi: 10.5846/stxb201305121020 URL
[19]	刘天学, 李潮海, 马新明, 等. 不同基因型玉米间作对叶片衰老,籽粒产量和品质的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2008,32(4):914-921. doi: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.04.021 URL
[20]	刘小荣, 马俊奎, 刘学义. 大豆玉米“扩行增密”带状复种技术在山西应用初探[J]. 大豆科学, 2017,36(5):720-726.
[21]	Hu Q, Xu J. Profiles of carotenoids, anthocyanins, phenolics, and antioxidant activity of selected color waxy corn grains during maturation[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2011,59(5):2026-2033. doi: 10.1021/jf104149q URL
[22]	鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2011.
[23]	程乙, 王洪章, 刘鹏, 等. 品种和氮素供应对玉米根系特征及氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017,50(12):2259-2269. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.12.007 URL
[24]	吕丽华, 陶洪斌, 王璞, 等. 施氮量对夏玉米碳,氮代谢和氮利用效率的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2008,14(4):630-637. doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2008.0403 URL
[25]	赵士诚, 裴雪霞, 何萍, 等. 氮肥减量后移对土壤氮素供应和夏玉米氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010,16(2):492-497. doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0234 URL
[26]	李娜, 杨志远, 代邹, 等. 不同氮效率水稻根系形态和氮素吸收利用与产量的关系[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017,50(14):2683-2695. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.14.005 URL
[27]	付捷, 田慧, 高亚军. 不同小麦品种生育期氮素效率差异的变化特征[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2014(5):37-42.
[28]	Ferreira V S, Pinto R F, Sant'Anna C. Low light intensity and nitrogen starvation modulate the chlorophyll content of Scenedesmus dimorphus[J]. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2016,120(3):661-670. doi: 10.1111/jam.13007 URL pmid: 26598940
[29]	杨文亭, 王晓维, 王建武. 豆科-禾本科间作系统中作物和土壤氮素相关研究进展[J]. 生态学杂志, 2013,32(9):2480-2484.
[30]	李正国, 杨鹏, 周清波, 等. 基于时序植被指数的华北地区作物物候期/种植制度的时空格局特征[J]. 生态学报, 2009,29(11):6216-6226.
[31]	Mclellan E L, Cassman K G, Eagle A J, et al. The nitrogen balancing act: tracking the environmental performance of food production[J]. Bio-Science, 2018,68(3):194-203.

年份	处理	穗粒数	百粒重/g	穗数/(×10³/hm²)	实际产量/(kg/hm²)	理论产量/(kg/hm²)
2015	IC1	616.0±8.0b	34.6±0.8c	64.4±0.9b	11062.5±398.1b	13727.0±304.8c
	IC2	648.0±13.9a	40.9±0.9a	65.9±0.2a	15138.9±504.0a	17475.1±86.6a
	IC3	580.7±9.9c	38.0±0.0b	63.5±0.5b	11068.3±125.1b	13990.2±289.1c
	IC4	640.3±15.5ab	37.5±0.3b	64.3±0.7b	14372.4±480.6a	15432.6±596.1b
2016	IC1	714.7±9.2d	33.8±0.5b	64.3±0.5b	11778.2±163.4d	15540.4±311.1d
	IC2	768.0±0.1a	37.3±0.3a	65.8±0.6a	15772.5±445.5a	18821.7±328.4a
	IC3	736.0±0.1c	31.7±0.1c	62.9±0.6c	13224.2±315.9c	14690.4±108.8c
	IC4	754.7±2.3b	33.4±1.1b	65.2±0.4ab	14589.1±447.7b	16428.3±471.7b
2017	IC1	504.7±8.1b	38.9±0.6c	64.1±0.1b	11226.0±421.1c	12557.4±125.6c
	IC2	564.0±4.0a	41.1±0.4a	65.7±0.1a	13196.1±281.2a	15238.5±248.8a
	IC3	484.7±8.1c	39.9±0.1b	63.2±0.5c	11203.0±168.5c	12218.5±251.7c
	IC4	518.7±11.6b	39.5±0.3bc	64.6±0.2b	12366.3±147.1b	13241.2±201.3b

年份	处理	穗粒数	百粒重/g	穗数/(×10³/hm²)	实际产量/(kg/hm²)	理论产量/(kg/hm²)
2015	IC1	616.0±8.0b	34.6±0.8c	64.4±0.9b	11062.5±398.1b	13727.0±304.8c
	IC2	648.0±13.9a	40.9±0.9a	65.9±0.2a	15138.9±504.0a	17475.1±86.6a
	IC3	580.7±9.9c	38.0±0.0b	63.5±0.5b	11068.3±125.1b	13990.2±289.1c
	IC4	640.3±15.5ab	37.5±0.3b	64.3±0.7b	14372.4±480.6a	15432.6±596.1b
2016	IC1	714.7±9.2d	33.8±0.5b	64.3±0.5b	11778.2±163.4d	15540.4±311.1d
	IC2	768.0±0.1a	37.3±0.3a	65.8±0.6a	15772.5±445.5a	18821.7±328.4a
	IC3	736.0±0.1c	31.7±0.1c	62.9±0.6c	13224.2±315.9c	14690.4±108.8c
	IC4	754.7±2.3b	33.4±1.1b	65.2±0.4ab	14589.1±447.7b	16428.3±471.7b
2017	IC1	504.7±8.1b	38.9±0.6c	64.1±0.1b	11226.0±421.1c	12557.4±125.6c
	IC2	564.0±4.0a	41.1±0.4a	65.7±0.1a	13196.1±281.2a	15238.5±248.8a
	IC3	484.7±8.1c	39.9±0.1b	63.2±0.5c	11203.0±168.5c	12218.5±251.7c
	IC4	518.7±11.6b	39.5±0.3bc	64.6±0.2b	12366.3±147.1b	13241.2±201.3b

年份	处理	氮素利用率/%	氮素农学利用率/(kg/kg)	氮素生理利用率/(kg/kg)	氮素偏生产力/(kg/kg)
2015	IC1	26.74±0.10a	21.62±1.93b	80.82±7.08c	57.2±1.27c
	IC2	23.52±1.18b	28.11±0.09a	119.69±5.68a	72.81±0.36a
	IC3	21.17±1.40b	19.48±1.28b	92.06±0.52b	58.29±0.70c
	IC4	21.22±1.67b	21.4±2.55b	100.72±5.47b	64.3±1.43b
2016	IC1	31.27±2.57a	29.25±1.96b	93.66±3.50b	64.75±1.30c
	IC2	26.05±0.90b	34.61±0.75a	132.9±1.72a	78.42±1.37a
	IC3	26.95±1.07b	23.14±0.57c	85.92±3.75c	61.21±0.45d
	IC4	27.32±1.26b	26.71±1.40b	97.75±1.23b	68.45±1.97b
2017	IC1	29.78±2.23a	18.14±0.89b	60.99±1.59b	52.32±0.52c
	IC2	17.26±0.39c	20.78±0.71a	120.32±1.91a	63.49±1.04a
	IC3	21.54±2.63b	13.91±1.52c	64.63±1.42b	50.91±1.05c
	IC4	21.68±0.83b	13.46±0.80c	62.11±3.63b	55.17±0.84b

年份	处理	氮素利用率/%	氮素农学利用率/(kg/kg)	氮素生理利用率/(kg/kg)	氮素偏生产力/(kg/kg)
2015	IC1	26.74±0.10a	21.62±1.93b	80.82±7.08c	57.2±1.27c
	IC2	23.52±1.18b	28.11±0.09a	119.69±5.68a	72.81±0.36a
	IC3	21.17±1.40b	19.48±1.28b	92.06±0.52b	58.29±0.70c
	IC4	21.22±1.67b	21.4±2.55b	100.72±5.47b	64.3±1.43b
2016	IC1	31.27±2.57a	29.25±1.96b	93.66±3.50b	64.75±1.30c
	IC2	26.05±0.90b	34.61±0.75a	132.9±1.72a	78.42±1.37a
	IC3	26.95±1.07b	23.14±0.57c	85.92±3.75c	61.21±0.45d
	IC4	27.32±1.26b	26.71±1.40b	97.75±1.23b	68.45±1.97b
2017	IC1	29.78±2.23a	18.14±0.89b	60.99±1.59b	52.32±0.52c
	IC2	17.26±0.39c	20.78±0.71a	120.32±1.91a	63.49±1.04a
	IC3	21.54±2.63b	13.91±1.52c	64.63±1.42b	50.91±1.05c
	IC4	21.68±0.83b	13.46±0.80c	62.11±3.63b	55.17±0.84b