Sowing Date and Yield of Maize: Effects on Photosynthetic Characteristics

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191000771

Abstract

Abstract:

The paper aims to understand the effects of sowing date on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of maize and to guide the high-yield cultivation of maize. The sowing date test by stages was carried out with the medium ripening maize ‘Keyu15’, and the related data were analyzed with mathematical statistics methods. The results showed that, photosynthetic characteristics of maize leaves from different sowing dates were significantly different, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), chlorophyll content and water use efficiency (WUE) were increased first and then declined along with the sowing date delaying. While the concentration of CO₂ (Ci) had an opposite change, and stomatal conductivity (Gs) had no obvious change law. Pn had extremely significant positive correlation with Tr, WUE, Ta, PAR, and had extremely significant negative correlation with Ci. It was illustrated that the main meteorological factors affecting net photosynthetic rate of maize leaves were the air temperature, photosynthetic active radiation and soil moisture. The growth status and yield of maize were affected by the interaction and synergy between photosynthetic parameters of maize leaves. Suitable sowing date can make full use of climate resources, such as solar radiation, air temperature and water, and can improve photosynthetic efficiency and matter accumulation and transformation, and increase production significantly.

Key words: sowing date, maize, photosynthetic characteristics, yield, effect

CLC Number:

S513.047

Gao Yonggang, Gao Ming, Zhao Huiying, Liu Dan, Yang Xiaoqiang, Zhang Zhiguo. Sowing Date and Yield of Maize: Effects on Photosynthetic Characteristics[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(30): 19-27.

Figures/Tables 7

References 21

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	Pn	Gs	Ci	Tr	WUE	Ta	PAR
Pn	1
Gs	-0.07	1
Ci	-0.66^**	0.45^**	1
Tr	0.90^**	0.16	-0.49^**	1
WUE	0.28^**	-0.32^**	-0.53^**	0.03	1
Ta	0.55^**	-0.44^**	-0.66^**	0.54^**	0.03	1
PAR	0.71^**	-0.20	-0.69^**	0.59^**	0.20	0.37^**	1

	Pn	Gs	Ci	Tr	WUE	Ta	PAR
Pn	1
Gs	-0.07	1
Ci	-0.66^**	0.45^**	1
Tr	0.90^**	0.16	-0.49^**	1
WUE	0.28^**	-0.32^**	-0.53^**	0.03	1
Ta	0.55^**	-0.44^**	-0.66^**	0.54^**	0.03	1
PAR	0.71^**	-0.20	-0.69^**	0.59^**	0.20	0.37^**	1

播期	茎粗/mm	果穗粗/cm	果穗长/cm	双穗率/%	单株籽粒数/个	百粒重/g	茎秆重/g	籽粒与茎秆比	理论产量/(g/m²)
T1	55	5	23.4	43	734	42.17	1141.47	1.12	1946.76
T2	55	5	23.8	44.5	741	42.68	1110.97	1.11	2052.9
T3	52	4	22.2	43.4	738	39.3	1064.66	1.07	1885.2
T4	50	4	21.2	43.3	744	37.55	1081.51	1.05	1764.16

播期	茎粗/mm	果穗粗/cm	果穗长/cm	双穗率/%	单株籽粒数/个	百粒重/g	茎秆重/g	籽粒与茎秆比	理论产量/(g/m²)
T1	55	5	23.4	43	734	42.17	1141.47	1.12	1946.76
T2	55	5	23.8	44.5	741	42.68	1110.97	1.11	2052.9
T3	52	4	22.2	43.4	738	39.3	1064.66	1.07	1885.2
T4	50	4	21.2	43.3	744	37.55	1081.51	1.05	1764.16