Abstract:

To clarify the impact of severe weather on maize production in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the impact of meteorological disasters on crop yield was analyzed based on the natural disaster situation, maize planting area, unit yield and total output from 2005 to 2017. The results showed that the area affected by drought accounted for more than 70%, the frequency was the highest and the impact was the greatest, and the drought resulted in the lowest maize yield level in 2009. The climatic condition of 23 meteorological stations in four cities of western Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were studied, during the maize growing season from May to September, the temperature, precipitation and wind speed and other meteorological factors were basically the same among the stations, and the precipitation was mainly concentrated in July and August. The wind speed in Hohhot was relatively low. Comparing the probability of yield reduction in each city, Bayannaoer had less precipitation, the average yield reduction in the disaster year was relatively high, and it was affected by climate fluctuation more, but the city’s irrigation ratio was high, the variation coefficient of maize yield was the lowest and the yield stability was good. Hohhot had the highest average yield reduction during the disaster years and the highest yield variation coefficient of per unit area, large yield fluctuation, and poor yield stability. From the perspective of the collection and utilization of maize germplasm resources, improving the stress resistance of bred maize varieties are effective means to mitigate the loss caused by natural disasters and meteorological risks.

Key words: maize, yield, growing season, meteorological factor, natural disaster, food security