Abstract:

The study aims to explore the changes of soil pH, yield and quality of tea under different fertilization patterns and their influencing factors, and provide a scientific basis for the development of tea industry. The results showed that: (1) the pH of soil was stable without fertilization for a long time; the output was stable for the first 5 years, and then decreased year by year; the annual output after 14 years was only 99.6 kg/hm²; (2) after the long-term application of chemical fertilizer alone, the pH of soil in layer A decreased to 4.30, by 0.30 unit, and higher than the optimal range of tea tree growth of pH 4.5-5.5, the average yield was higher than that of other treatments, the theine content was significantly higher than that of other treatments; (3) after the long-term application of organic fertilizer alone, the pH of A and B layer was 6.14 and 5.52, respectively, increased by 1.54 and 0.83 units, which exceeded the optimal range, the yield was lower than that of NPKM and NPK treatment; (4) under the long-term chemical fertilizer application combined with organic fertilizer, soil pH was basically stable in the optimal range; the yield sustainability index was the highest, which was 15.3% higher than that of NPK, 48.8% higher than that of M and 280.8% higher than that of CK; the total amino acid content of spring tea and autumn tea was the highest and significantly higher than that of M and CK. The catechin content of spring tea was 2.2%, 1.8% and 32% higher than that of NPK, M and CK, respectively. The above results showed that fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer could stabilize the pH of tea garden soil, ensure the sustainability of yield, and increase the content of catechin, caffeine and total amino acid of tea leaves, which is a recommended fertilization pattern for green development of tea industry in Pu 'er area.

Key words: tea, soil environment, SYI, quality of tea, green development