Welcome to Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 123-129.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0314

Special Issue: 畜牧兽医

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Analysis of Growth and Development of Hybrid F1 Generation of German Simmental and Holstein

CHEN Lili1(), ZHAO Kang2, ZHANG Man1, XU Baoliang2, LU Na1, YANG Chunlei1, LIU Jiashuang1,3, QI Xingyu1,3, MA Yi1()   

  1. 1 Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192
    2 Tianjin Jialihe Animal Husbandry Group Company Limted, Tianjin 300404
    3 Tianjin Agricultural College, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tianjin 300384
  • Received:2022-04-21 Revised:2022-09-14 Online:2023-04-05 Published:2023-03-27

Abstract:

The study aims to analyze the growth and development law of the hybrid F1 generation between German Simmental bulls and Chinese Holstein cows, build model of the body size growth law of hybrid F1 generation cows, and explore the difference of body size between hybrid F1 generation cows and Holstein cows at 3, 6, 13 and 18-month-old levels under the same condition. The body size data, including body height, cross height, body oblique length, chest circumference, abdominal circumference and maximum hip breadth of hybrid F1 generation bulls (0-6 months),hybrid F1 generation cows (0-23 months) and 3, 6, 13, and 18-month-old Holstein cows were measured. Logistic, Brody, Gompertz and Bertallanffy were used as models to fit the relationship between body size and month age of hybrid F1 cows, and the curve fitting effect was evaluated by curve fitting degree R2. The results showed that the body size indicators of hybrid F1 generation cattle all showed an increasing trend with the increase of months, but the growth rates of different body size indicators were different. Before the age of 5 months, the average growth of body height, cross body height, body oblique length, chest circumference and abdominal circumference of F1 generation cows was 5.31, 5.99, 8.33, 11.11 and 16.29 cm/month. At the age of 6 months, the growth rate of each indicator became smaller, increased by 1.76, 2.99, 6.34, 7.81 and 7.56 cm/month, respectively. However, this slow growth trend was alleviated at the age of 7 and 8 months. After the age of 9 months, the body size indicators increased relatively steadily, and after reaching the age of 17 months, the indicators increased slowly. The average growth rate of body height, cross body height, body oblique length, chest circumference and abdominal circumference of hybrid F1 generation bulls at 6 months of age was 4.29, 4.76, 6.76, 9.34 and 14.73 cm/month. After 3 months of age, all the body size indicators of hybrid F1 generation cows were higher than those of Holstein cows. The body size index curves fitted in this experiment can be used as a model for estimating the growth law of hybrid F1 generation of German Simmental and Holstein, and provide basic data for the hybridization improvement of Chinese Holstein cattle with the introduction of German Simmental cattle.

Key words: German Simmental, hybrid F1 generation, growth and development, body size