Current issue

• 2003 Vol.19 No.5 Published:25 October 2003

  目次

  Effect of repeated super-ovulation in Boer Goats during reproductive season Zhou Zhan-qin , Li Guang ，Wu He-pin, Fu Ming-zhe, Chen Xiao-qiang, Pan Rui, Hao Ying-chang , Liu Xiu-an 2003, 19 (5):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1584 )   PDF ( 263560KB )   ( 559 ) There were two experiments in this study . In trialⅠ,average 17.07 available embryos were collected from 12 Boer goats treated for super-ovulation at the beginning of reproductive season. After two months all of them were divided into two groups for repeated super-ovulation. The dose of FSH was not changed and 12.93 available embryos were collected from each donor(14 available donors)in group A. But the dose of FSH for group B was increased by 30% and average 15.46 effective embryos were collected from group B(13 available donors) . There were still two donors from group A and group B separately that could not give us any chance to collect ova because of adhesion of reproductive organs. In trial Ⅱ, 12 Boer goats which gave us more effective embryos in 2000 were chosen for the second and third time repeated super-ovulation in the autumn of 2001 and 2002. Average 15.50 available embryos were gathered from the 12 goats in the second year. It was same as what in the first year. Average 13.40 embryos were gathered from the 10 donors and another two goats had not been used due to adhesion of reproductive organs in the third year.

  Studies on the MOET Breeding Techniques of Improved Beef Cattle Xu Zhaoxue，Wei Chengbin，He Wenjie，Xin Xiaoling，Zhang Zhen 2003, 19 (5):  4-4.  Abstract + ( 1105 )   PDF ( 369871KB )   ( 686 ) 80 Improved Beef Cattles were selected by MOET Breed ing Techniques during the study, of which include 42 German Yellow , 20 Piemon tese ，18 Belgian Blue Breed.

  Amplification of Mitochondria DNA from Mouse Single Preimplantation Embryo Li Jun-feng Qian Min Lu Cheng Zhang Jia-hua 2003, 19 (5):  12-12.  Abstract + ( 1125 )   PDF ( 270985KB )   ( 574 ) We have cultivated these cells from mice by KOH/DTT, such as single ovum, 2-cell embryo,8-cell embryo, morula and blastocyst. Then 5′ D-loop of mtDNA of these cells, which have 342bp, have been amplification by PCR technology. As a result, after these cells have cultivated by KOH/DTT, density of DNA, which has been tested by the mass UV-spectrophotometer, is 10~10.75mg/mL and OD260/OD280 is 0.835~0.944. Act these DNA as template DNA respectively, clear target DNA fragment could be attained by only one PCR amplification.

  THE BIOLOGICAL CHARACTER AND CULTIVATION TECHNIQUE OF WHEAT WANMAI 42 BRED BY N+ ION BEAM IMPLANTATION GAN Bin-jie, YANG Zan-lin , YU Zeng-liang, WANG Jian-lai, WANG Rui 2003, 19 (5):  25-25.  Abstract + ( 1280 )   PDF ( 298028KB )   ( 631 ) Wheat Wanmai 42 is bred by N+ Ion beam implantation in Crops Research Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It shows some spring habit, better quality with high yield range from 6 000 to 7 500 Kg/hm2. It resist to strip rust , powdery mildew and best adapt to grow in the reaches of the Huaihe rive and the Yangtze Rive. This paper introduce the Biological Character of Wheat Wanmai 42 , and give some of its high yield cultivation technique.

  Breeding and application of Wanmai31 Wangrui Jichanghao Wugendi Wangjianlai Zhangpingzhi 2003, 19 (5):  32-32.  Abstract + ( 1291 )   PDF ( 343661KB )   ( 493 ) Wanmai 31 was breeded by wide crosses , multiple hybridization , mutation breeding and other breeding methodologies with T.monococcum L. and seven common wheat varieties by Crops Research Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultral Sciences. It is the frist wheat for noodle purpose with high yield potential , disease resistance and high protein content , approved by Anhui committee of crop variety examination and approval in August 1997. It is useful to adjust the planting constricture in Jianghuai wheat area .

  Study on Photo-thermo-sensitive Male Sterile Lines of a Common Wheat Song Yazhen，Lei Guocai， Geng Dongmei， Wang Qiang，Chen Tianyou，Lu Ming 2003, 19 (5):  34-34.  Abstract + ( 1425 )   PDF ( 206163KB )   ( 711 ) Among the descendants plants of the cross 83(1)-44/3/Chun18/Bau//Seri a sterile plant was discovered. It was primerly predicted that light and temperature affected the sterilty through the tests of dividing the period to sow seeds. the low temperature maily resulted in the sterilty, and light length also affected the sterilty . At short light the selfed seed fertility ratio went down, at long light went up. Seed fertility descend that low temperature resulted in couldn't be compensated by the adding light times. But seed fertility descend that short light resultede in could be be compensated by the raising temprerture.

  Breeding and practice of the good quality and high yield new maize variety shaandan №. 16 YANG YinFu，LI YaoWen，YUE RiQian，ZHANG RenHe 2003, 19 (5):  37-37.  Abstract + ( 1849 )   PDF ( 244836KB )   ( 895 ) The new maize variety was bred by the maize research institute of northwest sci-tech university of agriculture and forestry in 1995. The inbred line Y75 was used as female parent and K12 as the male parent. It has been approved and released by Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the 31st Crop Variety Identification. In shaanxi province according to variety trial, regional test and production test from 1999 to 2001, shaandan No.16 had the characteristics of good quality, great potentialities, high biomass, long constancy of green leaf, multi-resistance, medium mature, food and feed, silage with ear. The variety is suitable for spring, earl summary seeding in shaanxi province and in similar ecology areas. Until 2002 the areas of demonstration and practice were total 1 million hm2. The invention patent, the new germplasm Y75 inbred-line and way of breeding and combing shaandan No.16, has been applied for protection (public number: CN1372789A, application number: 02114490.7)

  Primary Study on Browning Control in Tissue Culture of Pellicular Walnut Zhang Weifang ; Gao Jiangsheng ; Ou Yonghui ; Yang Pengwei 2003, 19 (5):  43-43.  Abstract + ( 1434 )   PDF ( 168128KB )   ( 826 ) Experiment was aimed on studing the problem of browning control during the shoot tip culture of Pellicular Walnut . Results showed that the best way of preventive methods for the browning of explanted tissue is that the explants of Walnut was cultured in the dark on DKW medium added with 6-BA 1.0 mg?L-1 +IAA 0.01 mg?L-1 +20% Na2S2O3 5 ml?L-1 at 25 oC for 15~20d after dark culture on 1/2MS medium added with activated carbon 2g at 5 oC for 7d , and then , transplant the subculture plantlet on the same medium at intervals of 15~20d .

  Effect of Optimize Fertilizer on Yield and Bio-traits of Dry Mung bean FAN Fu, ZHANG Qing-guo,ZHANG Ning, Yuan Xue ,ZHU Zhan-lin 2003, 19 (5):  47-47.  Abstract + ( 1273 )   PDF ( 295978KB )   ( 663 ) Application 311-B twice regression D- the best design, mung beans were tested with N、P and K Applying model of mung beans were studied . From the model , result of the amount of applying fertilizer of the optimization 1hm2 land were applied with 48.88kg carbamide ; 164.85kg calcium superphosphate; 64.43kg potassium sulphate, the yield reached 1321.85kg/hm2. Efficiency of single fact and their interaction were analyzed, While effect of fertilizer on high of individual plant and stem-thick and weight of thousand grain were analyzed.

  The ecological efficiency effect higher-fatty aecohoe-fatty a cid on agrcuetur e production DU Jian 2003, 19 (5):  60-60.  Abstract + ( 1279 )   PDF ( 326767KB )   ( 634 ) when spraing Higher-fatty aecohoc-fatty acid on plant surtace ar ground ,it coued form a filrm layer no eye seen.In the internationae ,it have been on as restrain agent of evaporation and steeming which can raising the suruiuae rate of tran-aplat seedings ,increasing drought-reought-resistance and feeze-resis-tance,and acso the plant growing and output .We have found that applying this in many crops can xontroe plant desease and insect pests ,We found that can provide frips ,aphid and red spider etc .uhen spraing it on cotton may increase yield 10%~13%and using it after wheat flowering stage that can raise the 1000-kernel wt.2g and outpue ouer 10%.

  Physiological studies on root system of Rice Offspring Tolerant to K Deficiency PENG Ke-qin，PENG Zhi-hong， XIAO Lang-tao ，HU Jia-jin 2003, 19 (5):  64-64.  Abstract + ( 1395 )   PDF ( 220940KB )   ( 669 ) Ten K deficiency tolerant rice materials and five recipients are cultured in nutrition solution. Under low potassium supply, root length and dry weight of the K-deficient tolerant rice are longer and higher than their recipients. The K-deficit tolerant rice root system activity has been greater than that of their recipients.

  Research on Performance of Newhall Navel Orange Grafted on Different Rootstocks/Interstocks Zhou Kaibing Xia Renxue 2003, 19 (5):  67-67.  Abstract + ( 1320 )   PDF ( 358451KB )   ( 624 ) Research on Performance of Newhall navel orange highly grafted on red tangerine/Robertson 36(TA)、trifoliate/Jincheng(TB)、trifoliate/Guoqing No. 1(CK) (3 kinds of combination of rootstock/interstock) and its causing by doing field experiment. The results indicated the following: TA’s growth was the most flourishing. TA had lower yields with worse integrated fruit quality than CK and TA; The tendency of the yield difference between TB and CK made difference in the different years, and the fruit quality of CK and TB had advantages and disadvantages respectively in two years. The photosynthesis ability revealed by the concentrations and the related constitute of photosynthesis pigments turned stronger and stronger in turns of TA and TB and CK. The total of soluble sugar of TA’s leaf was lower than that of CK and TB, and that of TB and CK made no notably difference each other. The various kinds of combination of rootstocks /interstocks remarkably affected the concentrations of the 8 kinds of mineral nutrients, and the tendency of the difference of all kinds of mineral nutrients’ concentrations except N and Mg’s were inconstant in two years, but the both of Fe and Mn, K and Ca, Ca and Zn indicated negative correlation and the both of K and Zn showed positive correlation constantly every year in two years.

  Effect of Zinc on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Oat(Avena nuda) LIU Jian-xin 2003, 19 (5):  72-72.  Abstract + ( 1307 )   PDF ( 220451KB )   ( 646 ) The oat seeds were soaked in the solution with different concentration of Zinc(Zn2+).The results showed as follows: the oat seed germination, α-amylse and seedling growth wee inhibited when [Zn2+]>10-3mol/L.With increased of Zn2+ concentration, the root activity reduced and cell membrane permeability increased, Nitrate reductase and root shoot ratio reduced.

  The present situation and prospects of mapping QTLs controlling yield traits in crops Mei Desheng, Li Yunchang 2003, 19 (5):  83-83.  Abstract + ( 1544 )   PDF ( 314153KB )   ( 1167 ) The principle and main analysis methods were briefly introduced and present situation of mapping quantitative trait loci(QTLs) related to yield traits were summarized in rice, wheat, maize, cotton, soybean, tomato, barley, rapeseed and other crops. Problems and prospects of mapping QTLs for yield traits were also discussed in the article. Using the combination of traditional methods with yield QTL analysis to breed would promote crops yield up to a new level, and that was the only way to breed super-high yielding crops.

  The Law of Edge Effects in Bio-system and its Application for Agriculture WANG Tong-chao , Gao Liangi ,Du Xin-tian，Li Xin-mei 2003, 19 (5):  99-99.  Abstract + ( 1233 )   PDF ( 216928KB )   ( 659 ) A lot of researchers have studied on the edge effects from various fields and status since the conception was proposed。According to ours experiments and investigations and related scientific reports in the range，we put forth the law of edge effects in bio-system exits three aspects，namely the originating law of edge effects，the apparent law of edge effects，and the decreasing law of edge effects，and its application for agriculture。

  Study on Selective Mathematic Model for High-yield and Good Quality Ecological Cultivation of Wheat in Irrigation Region An Chengli, Dai Kaijun, Zhang Junjie，Dong Yangqing and Wang Hong 2003, 19 (5):  103-103.  Abstract + ( 1325 )   PDF ( 266149KB )   ( 609 ) The study was carried out by using the principle of agricultural systems engineering and the qualified design of three factor square saturated D, in which the factors of sowing date (x1), sowing quantity (x2), amount of fertilizer application (x3) were taken as the adjusting factors, and the yield (y) of each hm2, as target function, Though the study we got a mathematic model for high-yield and good-quality ecological cultivation of wheat in irrigation region. The result indicated that, under the condition of this experiment design, factors affecting wheat yield in irrigation region were in order as sowing date x1> sowing quantity x2> amount of fertilizer application x3 when the target yield was from 7500～9000kg/hm2,the optimum formula of wheat high-yield and good quality in irrigation region was as follows: sowing date x1 from 2nd to 5th October, sowing quantity x2 of 145.91～211.76×104 seed/hm2,fertilizer application x3 of pure N、P（N∶P2O5=1∶1）191.83～304.73 kg/hm2。This study provides a scientific foundation for high-yield and good quality ecological cultivation of wheat in irrigation region.

  Discussion on In Situ Conservation of WildRice Resources in Guangxi Chen Chengbin 2003, 19 (5):  106-106.  Abstract + ( 1383 )   PDF ( 282034KB )   ( 627 ) In situ conservation of agricultural wild plant resources is the protection way held in esteem in international plant genetic resources circles. Wild rice resources are the important parts of agricultural wild plant resources. Extend in situ conservation of wild rice resources can provide abundant excellent germplasm and superfine gene for utilization of wild rice resources and a vast amount genetic diversity for research on basic theoretical of rice species, there are quite great significance. This essay discusses the preservation manner, technology method and system of in situ conservation of Guangxi wild rice resources and put forward the rationalization proposal of in situ conservation of wild rice resources in Guangxi. In situ conservation of Guangxi wild rice resources contribute an exemplary role for in situ conservation of agricultural wild plant resources.

  Preliminary Study on Agricultural Standardization principles Li Xin, Zhang Lingguang, Yang Jitao, Feng Yuhua 2003, 19 (5):  110-110.  Abstract + ( 1280 )   PDF ( 352315KB )   ( 661 ) For three years study, the 8 basically principles of agricultural standards are show in this paper. Also, based on the theories concerning standards, agricultural standardization’ method and systematically management principles are given. The basically principles are: principles of submitting to growth, principles of relying on environment, principles of indeterminacy, principles of time lag, principles of compensating, principles of multiplexing, principles of quality multiplicity and principles of interreaction.

  Studies on the Screening of Pesticides Without Social Effects of Pollution For the Control of Tea Looper Hu Shuxia Jiang Junqi XiaTao Wan Xiaochun Jiang Chengwu Zhu lijie Huang Zhongdong 2003, 19 (5):  115-115.  Abstract + ( 1357 )   PDF ( 239162KB )   ( 641 ) A comparative experiment was made on the pesticides applied to control tea lopper. The results showed that Kushengshu and Bt had evident superiority of preserving ecological equilibrium to the other pesticides. In the meantime ,the effects of the two pesticides on tea looper were obvious and reached 89.43%and78.65% after ten days respectively . Based on the field experiment,this paper screened out Kushengshu and Bt as the pesticides suitable for application to protection of tea without social effects of pollution.

  DEVELOPMENT OF SOYBEAN SEED COATING POWDER AND EFFECTIVENESS OF EXPERIMENT AND DEMONSTRATION Zhang Rong fang 2003, 19 (5):  119-119.  Abstract + ( 1121 )   PDF ( 205291KB )   ( 479 ) The paper sets forths the effectiveness of soybean seed coating powder on output character of soybean and results of controlling root rot .The result states clearly that the seed coating powder is safe and effective .It can raise remarkably and more remarkably growth state of soybean in its early days ,and can prevent and cure effectively soybean root rot in its earlier stages ,and protection effectiveness comes up to 83.9 percent, and it improves remarkably yield properties, soybean yield is raised remarkably, increase output reaches10.2percent.

  Effect of 25% the mixture of isoprocarb and pirimiarb FU on Controlling Aphis gossypii Glover Meng Qinglin 2003, 19 (5):  122-122.  Abstract + ( 1150 )   PDF ( 182565KB )   ( 728 ) Field trials showed that 25% the mixture of isoprocarb and pirimiarb FU could effectively control Aphis gossypii Glover, the suitable dosage is 25% the mixture of isoprocarb and pirimiarb FU 3.0~4.5㎏/hm2.These dosages are safe to cucumber.

  Investigated on disinfect and insecticide of plant natural resources in Meitan of Guizhou TIAN Yong-hui; ZHANG Dao-gui; LIU Ming 2003, 19 (5):  131-131.  Abstract + ( 1404 )   PDF ( 270895KB )   ( 739 ) The disinfect and insecticide of plant natural resources are investigated in Meitan of Guizhuo Province. They belong to 59 families 116spider species. The article reported plant having eight type by disinfect and insecticide: disinfect, insecticide, antibiosis, bacteriostasis, vermifuge, disinfect and insecticide, vermifuge and disinfect, bacteriostasis and vermifuge.

  Effect of Potato With Balanced Fertilization In Zhijing County of Guizhou Prorince Lu yingang 2003, 19 (5):  143-143.  Abstract + ( 1282 )   PDF ( 265606KB )   ( 676 ) Due to rich light energy and radiation and large temperature gap between day and night in high altitude areas of guizhou province, there is a higher potential for increasing crop yield. This experiment was conducted in the areas about 1350 m above sea level with technologies of high yield practices and balanced fertilization. The potato yield obtained was 1.5 times of the local production level. Potash application has positive effect for increasing of potato yield from 1.0 t/hm2 (8.06%) to 2.5t/hm2 (20.63%). Return is 2.0~3.5 times. The weight of potato tuber increased 19.2%. The increase production lied on improved weight of potato tuber. Corn quality was also improved. The best ratio of N to K2O was 100：95~140.

  Largely available drought-resistant and water-saving perennial flowers in city virescence in Beijing 2003, 19 (5):  157-157.  Abstract + ( 1199 )   PDF ( 268977KB )   ( 828 ) Water shortage is an important factor that restricts the sustainable development of Beijing . The contradiction between large scale virescence and water shortage was discussed. Based on experiments of planting , cultivation and research on drought-restistance physiology on perennial flowers for servaral years , we suggested that the large-scale planting of drought-resistant and water-saving type perennial flowers in city garden and landscape alleviate the contradiction; Primilary study on multiplication, cultivation and application of available perennial flowers was made.

  Investigation of the Natural Environments of the Tea Plantations in the “Bashan Xiachuan” Region and the Quality of the Locally Produced Tea WANG Shou-sheng, HUANG Jian-guo，ZOU Lian-sheng, ZHU Bing-qing and YUAN Ling 2003, 19 (5):  160-160.  Abstract + ( 1784 )   PDF ( 246955KB )   ( 683 ) A systematic investigation was made of the soil and climate conditions, the growth of tea shrubs and the quality of tea in 7 tea plantations in “Bashan Xiachuan” as mentioned in a famous Chinese classic work in the Tang Dynasty, an ancient tea-producing region bordering Fengjie in the east, Yibin in the west, the Wuling Mountains in the south and Hanzhong in the north. This region is characterized by sunshine during the day and rain in the night and frequent drought spells in mid-summer. The soils in the tea plantations are predominantly of the yellow soil type, which is liable to acidification and has a higher content of organic matter than the purple soil. The yellow soil in Xinsheng Tea Plantation has sandstone as its soil-forming parental material and is rich in organic matter, N and readily available P, and the samples of tea produced there are high in free amino acids and caffeine. The yellow soil over conglomerate rock in Wanyuan is rich in exchangeable Ca and Mg, and the tea samples collected there contained high tea polyphenols. Acid purple soil contains more K and the tea samples contain more water soluble extract. What is worth mentioning is the fact that the yellow soil over calcareous rock in Wansheng contains the highest water soluble S and the tea samples produced there were given the highest scores of S content, flavor and taste in evaluation.

  WTO and Arable Land Protection in Hebei Province Ma Baoguo Li Wenhua 2003, 19 (5):  169-169.  Abstract + ( 1207 )   PDF ( 204828KB )   ( 531 ) This paper expounds the changing tendency as well as characteristics of arable land resources in Hebei province, analyses the requiurement for arable land in the future, and puts forward some countermeasures for protecting arable land in Hebei province after entering WTO

  Research on Sustainable Development and Utilization of Land Resources in Western China Zhu Yu-chun [] Zheng Ying-ning [] Pu Yuan[] 2003, 19 (5):  172-172.  Abstract + ( 1427 )   PDF ( 242521KB )   ( 735 ) It has being evidently proved that sustainable development and utilization of the land resources is the core problems in the western development in China. The paper expatiates on the status quo of land resources utilization in western China, analyses the advantage and non-sustainable factors in the utilization of land resources, and suggests countermeasure for sustainably utilizing and developing land resources in western China.

  The Developing Strategy and Countermeasure of Line Pepper Industry in China Zhao Zunlian, Yan Xiaoliang 2003, 19 (5):  176-176.  Abstract + ( 1570 )   PDF ( 292487KB )   ( 863 ) In China, the line pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. acuminatum), as an important type of drying pepper, was planted about 433000hm2 per year. This pepper not only meets the domestic consumers but also has a strong competition in international market. After joining the WTO, the line pepper industry of China will face several challenges, e.g. the increasing of residual because of pollution in old growing area and the "green trade barrier", the more demands of production and market to variety improvement, the development of line pepper production in other developing countries etc. In accordance with these challenges, strengthening study on the variety improvement, breeding methods, comprehensive production techniques, and processing techniques, adjusting relative agricultural policy and increasing the "green trade subsidy" according to the trade regulation of WTO will promote the continuous development of Chinese line pepper industry and keep the advantage of this industry in international market.

  Several problems that should be solved in haste to develop organic agriculture in China CHEN Xin-jaun, XU Zhi-hao 2003, 19 (5):  180-180.  Abstract + ( 1533 )   PDF ( 210856KB )   ( 767 ) This article briefly recited the developing foreground in world and mostly problems in china of the organic agriculture in 21 century, expatiated on several issues that should be solved in haste such as right cognition, developing the planting and cultivating in-phase, researching the technology and market, channeling off and expanding prudently, constructing the servicing network and so on.

  The Affection of Green Barriers to the Agriculture Product Trade and its Countermeasures Xu Junhong Zhang Hui Xia Xianli 2003, 19 (5):  183-183.  Abstract + ( 1942 )   PDF ( 217567KB )   ( 905 ) This article analyses the effection of Green Barriers on agriculture product trade of China.The author points out that it is only choice of strategy for breaking Green Barriers to adapt the Green Bariers actively，to develop green agriculture product and improve the quality of agriculture product, and suggests some measures.

  Grain in secede farming cultural trees (grazes) area produce present situation and develop countermeasure ------As Sichuan province Luhuo county Gou Anchun 2003, 19 (5):  186-186.  Abstract + ( 1067 )   PDF ( 212645KB )   ( 533 ) The article briefly narrative trouble of Sichuan province Luhuo county grain of production after secede farming .At same time raise elementary suggestions of settle problem.

  ?Farmland Return for Planting Trees and Grasses and Western Husbandry Development XU Yu-bin 2003, 19 (5):  189-189.  Abstract + ( 1224 )   PDF ( 155410KB )   ( 695 ) Farmland return for planting trees and grasses is the center of the ecological construction, and is beginning to be carried out in the western development in China. Planting trees and grasses will bring a good material condition for the western husbandry development. It was suggested that the western husbandry should greatly be developing with planting trees and grasses, building a good ecological mechanism. Their combination will increase the stability of Agricultural ecological systems , relieve the production pressure of north grasslands for quickly renewing and protecting them. Moreover, it coincides with the strategy structure adjustment of national and western agricultures, to adapt to international competition after China joins in the World Trade Organization (WTO).