Current issue

• 2004 Vol.20 No.3 Published:05 June 2004

  目次

  Research on super rice physiological breeding progress GaoYu，TianTian 2004, 20 (3):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1386 )   PDF ( 1160937KB )   ( 615 ) A introduction to the researching progress in terms of radication vigor of super rice and its influential facts, photosynthesis mechanism, its yielding process, and of stems’ transforming and accommodating mechanism. A notion is brought forward that the researches on the super rice physiological breeding and the interconnections between its related physiological characters in physiological process on cell’s level and objective characters on morpha level must be strengthened. Physiological foundations must be established on molecular level in order to realize high output of rice. On the basis of the interdependent relations on different physiological levels from molecules to colonies, by utilizing bioinformatical researching approaches, computer simulation method, digitalized physiological breeding process can be achieved gradually.

  Study on the technique of Strengthening seedling and doubling chromosome of pollen plant of spring wheat Han Yuqin 2004, 20 (3):  4-4.  Abstract + ( 1182 )   PDF ( 892918KB )   ( 577 ) Strengthening seedling and doubling chromosome of pollen plant of spring wheat have been studied in this paper. . The result show that: natural doubling rate of pollen plant of spring wheat can be increased quickly by prolong low temperature treatment; no root seedling can be controlled at 3% and weak seedling can be controlled at 5% with 1/2MS substitute MS medium and day light 12 hours.

  Main Techniques about Improve Life Yield and Harvest Index Bao Lingfeng , Ling Gang, Zhao Deming, Li Yunwu 2004, 20 (3):  9-9.  Abstract + ( 1317 )   PDF ( 1182883KB )   ( 638 ) We have drawn some conclusions about improving life yield and harvest index for short-life-period hybrid rice through several years’ cultivation research. The following are the main techniques, moderately late seed drop, moderately early transplant, early apply fertilizer after transplant, keep the field dry while the number of the seedling is sufficient. At the same time we can improve seed set and 1000-grain weight by utilization of panicle fertilizer and “920”, which also can prevent the hybrid rice from getting old.

  Sugar Signal and Sugar-mediated Transduction Mechanism in Plants Shan Shouming, Dong Xiaoying, Wang Yongzhang, Liu Chenglian, Yuan Yongbing 2004, 20 (3):  12-12.  Abstract + ( 1451 )   PDF ( 1299270KB )   ( 1559 ) In plants, sugars not only function as respiration substrates providing energy and metabolic substances for the growth and development, but can act as signal molecules that control gene expression and developmental processes. This paper summarize the multiple pathways of sugar signal initiation, the kinds of sugar signal existed in plant and the mechanism of signal transduction and regulation.

  Preliminary research on the NMU chemistry lures improvement in the properties of the early Indica season rice Shi Fuzhi Luo Zhixiang Su Zesheng Ruan Xinmin Yang Xinglai 2004, 20 (3):  17-17.  Abstract + ( 1461 )   PDF ( 951730KB )   ( 595 ) By the analyses of the main properties of 11 early Indica season rice varietieses lured by the NMU chemistry. It shows that NMU lures have some effect on main properties of the plant-height etc changing, but the results to different properties are different. The range of plant-height variation is the biggest, the secondary is the weight of single plant, it is minimum from sowing to heading. NMU lure have some qualities of certain directionality and single-minded. Among the 11 varieties, the chance of the duration shorten from sowing to heading and the increase of the number of the spikeletes per panical are bigger, and the raise of the 1000-grain weight, the rates of seed settting and the weight of single plant there is certain possibility too again; NMU lure has a high-efficient quality, it can combine the early-maturing, high yield and high quality organicly, it have solved the goal of the method of breeding of the routine difficult to reach; NMU has also peculiar quality , for example the glutinous variation appears in the later generation of Zaoxian 26. The later generation of Zhuqing has presented the appearance with relatively excellent quality. In addition, some peculiar variation type such as stay-green can also be gotten. It can be concluded: NMU and the lure technology become more effectively in the breeding and the improvement of rice varietieses.

  Stomatal Conductance and ABA & ZR Synthesization in Maize 2004, 20 (3):  20-20.  Abstract + ( 1737 )   PDF ( 1034084KB )   ( 856 ) Re-water after drought stress for maize seedling (Xiyu No.3) of different nitrogen. Different changes of leaf potential, stomatal conductance, and contents of ABA, ZR were researched in the root. It showed that nitrogen improves the sensitivity to drought, and high concentration of CTK promotes the stoma opening. Appropriate treatment is benefit to resist the drought stress on the maize.

  The development of transgenic technique application in tomato Wang Jun，?，Zou Zhirong 2004, 20 (3):  22-22.  Abstract + ( 1764 )   PDF ( 1292351KB )   ( 1941 ) This paper reviewed the recent advances of tomato transgenic technique application in disease and insect resistance ,herbicide resistance ,adversity resistance ,delay fruit senescence and quality improvement .The study of tomato plant regeneration and transgenic tomato planting in China were also reviewed.

  Anatomy study on the effect of gibberellin on flowering differentiation of strawberry Hou Zhixia, Huang Weidong, Kong Weifu 2004, 20 (3):  26-26.  Abstract + ( 1716 )   PDF ( 1329537KB )   ( 756 ) Treating the stem apex meristem(SAM) of strawberry with gibberellin before and at the same time of the flowering induction, all the development of the plant, the states of floral determination and the stages of flowering differentiation of strawberry were reported. The phenomena of flowering transition, flowering reversion and flowering inhibition were analyzed, which provided a substantial base for the further research on the regulation of strawberry flowering differentiation by hormone.

  Applied Studies of NaHSO3 on Grape Tu Chuanlin, Guo Jinhua, Zhang Beizhan 2004, 20 (3):  30-30.  Abstract + ( 1683 )   PDF ( 1034289KB )   ( 689 ) Sprayed three times of different concentration NaHSO3 upon grape leaves during berried expansion.It was shown by the authors that NaHSO3 concentration is 100ppm,and that NaHSO3 can obvionsly increase yield,improve quality and quicken precocity.It is related to increasing chlorophyll content,raising photosynthetic rate and the ear of berry weight.

  Preliminary Study On Polyploid of Dioscorea Zingbernisis In Vitro Li han Wu fuchang Zheng sixiang 2004, 20 (3):  33-33.  Abstract + ( 1461 )   PDF ( 1027047KB )   ( 623 ) Using the stems, leafstalks, leaves of Dioscorea Zingbernisis as the explants in tissue culture, the result shows that stems and leafstalks are the best. The best culture medium of callus induction is MS+2,4-D 2.0mg/L+BA 0.5mg/L; The differentiation on culture medium is MS+BA 3.0mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L；The subculture medium is MS+BA 1.0mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L;Root medium is MS+NAA 1.0mg/L.Tube seedings of Diosocrea Zingibernisis were treated with colchinine. The result shows that the best induction rate could reach 50% after treatment with 0.15% colchcine in 24 hours. Compared with the polyploid plants were thicker and larger. A few leaves appeared malformed .The stoma become larger and less in number. Cytological study show that the chromosome numbers of variation is 40,that of normal diploids is 20.

  Studied on Organic Control Techniques of Plasmodiophora brassica of Chinese cabbage in Yunnan Du xiangge ，Liu jianrong，Li yuanzhang ，Li shunde Dai yuhua 2004, 20 (3):  38-38.  Abstract + ( 1478 )   PDF ( 1028609KB )   ( 510 ) Studied on effect and applied method of potassium permanganate ,calcareousness lime or plant ash and compost for control Plasmodiophora brassica . The result shown that potassium permanganate , calcareousness lime and compost were plant protect material for control Plasmodiophora brassica,The result were affected by different applying period and applying method . Calcareousness lime and plant ash could control this disease applied only, the optimum applying method is mix potassium permanganate with calcareousness lime base on compost in different plant period in growing season..

  The feature research of heavy metals in vegetable Li Qilin, Liu Guangde, Huang Yun, Wei Chaofu 2004, 20 (3):  40-40.  Abstract + ( 1517 )   PDF ( 1048987KB )   ( 709 ) The differences of the contents of heavy metals are obvious in the different vegetable kinds and breeds. The vegetable breeds which average contents of heavy metal are high have three-coloured amaranth, asparagus lettuce, raw vegetable, onion; which variable coefficient of heavy metals are big have cabbage, hot pepper, onion. The contents of many heavy metals in leaf vegetable are bigger than in fruit and vegetable. The correlation analysis in the different vegetable kinds shows that the correlation degree is bigger in leaf vegetable than in fruit and vegetable. The correlation analysis of heavy metals displays the correlation degree of the different vegetable breeds is bigger in asparagus lettuce than in cabbage than in kidney bean than in onion than in hot pepper than in raw vegetable than in three-coloured amaranth. The classify analysis of heavy metals shows that the coordination and formal of heavy metals are large differences in the different vegetable breeds, and the contents of heavy metals of same vegetable breeds have similarity. We find that the main vegetable breeds that beyond standards are leaf vegetable, and the areas that beyond standards main are in the outskirts of a town, and the main heavy metals that beyond standards are Pb Cd.

  Effects Wood Vinegar and its Mainly Component on Quantity of Soil Microorganism Du xiangge Shi yongzhu 2004, 20 (3):  45-45.  Abstract + ( 2005 )   PDF ( 1116688KB )   ( 680 ) Wood Vinegar is a natural material that is distilled from wood. It is compose of organic acid and hydroxybenzene , Various dosage of wood vinegars, pyrolignerous acid and guaiacol were mixed into organic manure firstly in this experiment, and then, the above said organic manure are separately added into soil. Under the analysis of the amount of the edaphon, adding 10g wood vinegar to 1kg organic manure and 30kg soil can much active the edaphon effectively in a short term and make a maximum rising extent of edaphon numbers. At the same time, a continuous restraint on the edaphon, including those existing in the tested roots will happen when 50g wood vinegar are added into 1kg organic manure and 30kg soil.However, the influence of pyrolignerous acid and guaiacol were not same with wood vinegars. The reason that wood vinegars can much active the edaphon effectively, is not only the pyrolignerous acid or guaiacol reacted.

  Effects of different soil amendments on The quantity of microbes around the root of tomato seedling Qu Zaihong，Du Xiangge 2004, 20 (3):  48-48.  Abstract + ( 1296 )   PDF ( 896050KB )   ( 883 ) Eight different soil amendments were generated by mixing eight kind of material (clover juice, leek juice, wood vinegar liquid, Chinese cabbage juice, radish juice, shallot juice, plant ash and mushroom manure juice) respectively with organic manure at proportion of 1:7.Then put the eight soil amendments into soil individually at proportion of 1:30, followed by mixing them evenly with soil. Tomato was planted, and set the organic manure treatment group as control. After the tomato seedling break through the soil, quantities of the soil microbes around the tomato root (primarily bacteria, actinomyces and fungi) were counted every 7 days during the whole process of experiment period. The result from this study indicates that, compared with control, clover juice measure, leek juice measure and wood vinegar liquid together with organic manure treatments can increase the quantities of microbes around the tomato root. 15 days post treatment with soil amendment made from wood vinegar liquid and organic manure, the number of bacteria, actinomyces and fungi reach their highest level, measured as 1131.94%、191.67% and 348.19% respectively.

  Manufacture Technology And Blendes of Red Bean Beverage Ai Qijun 2004, 20 (3):  51-51.  Abstract + ( 1428 )   PDF ( 1217330KB )   ( 660 ) This paper study mainly on the manufacture technology and blendes of red bean beverage with the analysis of compose of the process point such as curing temperature, time, degree of quality and accretions. Besides, there are some qualitative and quantitative researches done for palate.

  Study and Application Techniques on Organic Tea in China Dong Min，Du Xiangge，Yang Dongpeng 2004, 20 (3):  54-54.  Abstract + ( 1525 )   PDF ( 1215033KB )   ( 801 ) The article was introduced the concept ,meaning and development status of the organic tea as well as the general situation of applies fertilizer and plant protection development in organic tea.

  Preliminary Study on Toxicities of An Antifatigue Functional Food Compound Additive Liang Junrong, Zhang Xichen, Liu Zengshan, Liu Qingshuang 2004, 20 (3):  58-58.  Abstract + ( 1399 )   PDF ( 936663KB )   ( 593 ) The acute toxicity and subchronic toxicity of an antifatigue functional food compound additive were studied in this experiment. The results showed that median lethal dose (LD50 )of the additive was higher than 15g/kg , so it was a kind of nonpoisonous substance according to the grading standards of acute toxicity of chemical substance. In 30-day-fed test , in which the additive content in feed was as high as 10% , the general condition of mice of experimental group was good during the fed period , the structure and function of their main organs and tissues were in normal condition. Therefore its maximum no effect level (MNL) was higher than 10g/kg and its subchronic toxicity was very low.

  Pollution-free food plan and Pesticides development direction Hemeixian Jiachunlei Lunjun 2004, 20 (3):  62-62.  Abstract + ( 1281 )   PDF ( 1044793KB )   ( 700 ) Food security is receiving more attention over the world in recent years and becoming an important protective measure in the international trade barrier. Pesticides were believed as one of the most important pollution sources in food production. "Pollution-free Food Plan” proposed by Chinese Agricultural Ministry in April, 2000 greatly promoted the development of the environment-safe pesticides.

  China Pink Tea is made by Artificial Cultivation and Technology noSocial Effects of Pollution Fu Wenci, Zhang Jingshun, Ma Zongrong, Yuan Jun 2004, 20 (3):  67-67.  Abstract + ( 1331 )   PDF ( 1111822KB )   ( 602 ) China pink uses as medicinal tea besides plants. It concurrently contrains several kinds of nutritive composition. It tasts special and its health care of medicinal use is valueable. It needs badly at home and abroard. Carrying out the research of technique of artificial cultivation to meet the need of market. According to the experiments, It,ll be produced on a large scale by planting wild seeds or growing seedlings, dividing plants and transplanting .

  Key Techniques for Spring Cultivation of Lentinua Edodes?s High Yield and Good Quality Li Yuemei 2004, 20 (3):  69-69.  Abstract + ( 1492 )   PDF ( 1058651KB )   ( 651 ) Recent years, the production of Lentinula edodes is developing very fast in North, but most of cultivation is in autumn ,the development of spring cultivation is slow because of cultivars ,time of cultivation and management. According to the recent years study and productive practice of LV Centinula edodes of Gu county, Shanxi, the key techniques for spring cultivation of lentinula edodes?s high yield and good quality are put forward, including choosing suitable cultivation time , proper cultivars and making a good management during the colour-change and passing summer.

  Comparison on Yield and Quality of 5 Grass family forage varities Zhang-Ruifu Li-fengshan Yang-hengshan Sun-dezhi Liou-haiyu 2004, 20 (3):  74-74.  Abstract + ( 1942 )   PDF ( 868920KB )   ( 606 ) The comparison on the yields and qualities of 5 vsrities of grass family forage was conducted two clipping ways in irrigated fields in Xiliaohe plain in inner Mongolia,from May to Sepember,2002.The results showed,The fodder yield of Jumbo and Superdan clipped twice was higher than those of once especcticely.However,Sugargraze,Runbao and Dalishi is opposite.In yield of hay ,All of them that were cilpped once are higher than that of twice.As the affect of crude protein content,Jumbo, Superdan and Dalishi that was clipped twice is higher than once in yield of crude protein.However,Sugargraze ,Runbao are opposite.Considered yields and qualities with twice clipping fit green chop while Jumbo and Superdan ,Runbao fit silage.

  Ultrastrutrue of the Chloroplast in Kiwifruit Pulp Zong Yichen，Shi Dingji ，Wang Guixi ，Liang Lisong 2004, 20 (3):  76-76.  Abstract + ( 1364 )   PDF ( 1030186KB )   ( 702 ) In this work the structure of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planch. Var.36) chloroplasts which are in pericarp, mesocarp and core have been viewed by transmission electron microscope, and drop gradually from pericarp to core. From lamellae arrangement it can be seen that the pericarp chloroplasts consist of parallel lamella membrane structure, however, in the mesocarp and core, the lamella membrane is distorted. It is possible attributed to the light scarcity and low pH Volue. The chloroplasts in pericarp, mesocarp and core all contain starch granules which may be from kiwifruit photosynthesis, but the size and numbers are less than those of lesves.

  Development and Production of Maize K12 Self-bred Line Shi Gongxian, Zhang Renhe, Liu Zhongshan, Mao Jianchang], Wen Zhenmin 2004, 20 (3):  78-78.  Abstract + ( 1798 )   PDF ( 1056751KB )   ( 661 ) K12 self-bred line was bred by the self-bred line with high- combining ability Huangzaosi and material with subtropical germplasm in southwest of China. The authors had integrated the recurrent selection in corn strain population with the pedigree method. K12 self-bred line is extensively in all over China because it has high combining ability, high resistance to adversities, wide adaptabilities and the superior comprehensive agronomic properties. Since the 90th of this century, over 10 hybrid maize varieties have been combined with K12 self-bred line with 4.67 million hectares planting area. K12 self-bred line played significant roles in the maize breeding and production in China.

  A Primary Study on the Effect of Enhanced UV-B Radiation to the Phenology of Wheat and Maize Wang Chuanhai，Ming Jingzhong，Yan Peijun，Xu Xingsheng，Gao Guizhi，Zheng Youfei 2004, 20 (3):  80-80.  Abstract + ( 1380 )   PDF ( 1246453KB )   ( 611 ) Effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the phenology of wheat and maize were investigated. Results show that at the grown stage, the phenology of wheat and maize were postponed significantly by enhanced UV-B radiation. The experiment also shows that the germination of wheat and maize were also postponed significantly by enhanced UV-B radiation, which indicated that the effect of enhanced UV-B radiation to the phenology of wheat and maize were not attributed to the nutrition available. The microclimate of crop was also influenced by enhanced UV-B radiation, showing that the temperature of canopy and soil raised significantly. Indicated that the effect of enhanced UV-B radiation to the phenology of wheat and maize were not attributed to the change of microclimate in response to enhanced UV-B radiation. The possible mechanism of the change of crop phenology in response to enhanced UV-B is discussed, and the problem be supposed to be investigated further is also put forwarded in the paper.

  Study on yield and its components of Xieyou 9308 under the system of rice intensification Liang Yingming，Lin Xianqing，Sun Yongfei，Zhu Defeng，Shi Guoan 2004, 20 (3):  84-84.  Abstract + ( 1610 )   PDF ( 1153062KB )   ( 646 ) Xieyou 9308, a super hybrid rice, was carried out in the experiment of the system of rice intensification at Xinchang in Zhejiang province. The transplanting density was arranged from15.3 hill/m2 to 6.9 hill/m2. The density of 15.3 hill/m2 had the highest yield in the experiment; comparing with CK, the yield was increased by 10%, which was higher filled grain number. The transplanting density significantly affected yield and filled grain per panicle(R12=0.9917**，R32 = 0.9339**) . Among the treatments of the densities under the system of rice intensification, the less density had the lower yield, because higher tillers and panicle per hill lead to lower average grain per panicle. The highest tillers and effective tillers remarkably correlated with the transplanting density（R82 = 0.9594**，R92 = 0.9506**）. It is important for selecting the suitable transplanting density and integrated management of Xieyou 9308 under the system of rice intensification to extend.

  High-temperature Stress and Heat-tolerance Breeding in Rice Wang Fengjian，Huang Yingjin, 2004, 20 (3):  87-87.  Abstract + ( 1519 )   PDF ( 1260121KB )   ( 1055 ) High-temperature stress is a major constraint to higher and stable productivity and super quality of rice, there is of great theoretical and practical significance in investigating heat tolerance in rice. Achievements up to now that are related is elaborated,including:1.the impact of high temperature on the growth and development, yield and grain quality, the physiological or biochemical processes; and 2. the performance of heat tolerance. Additionally, some suggestion about heat-tolerance breeding are given.

  Effect of seeds resist drought on growth and development and yield in rape Zhou Kejin，Ma Youhua，Li Guo，Xu Chengbao 2004, 20 (3):  91-91.  Abstract + ( 1635 )   PDF ( 991702KB )   ( 632 ) Pilled rape-seed melted with seeds resist drought, the result showed that the effects of different resist drought reagent were difference on the growth and development and yield in rape. With applying seeds resist drought, the economic characters and yield can be improveed on certain extent , the emergence rate and seed vigour were raised especially ,the plant length was increased and effective branch position was reducted notably . It would offer a effective channel for the rape produce in large scale.

  High Quality Breeding Research Progresses in Hybrid Rice Zhang Tao、，Wang Xudong，Zheng Jiakui ，Jiang Kaifeng 2004, 20 (3):  100-100.  Abstract + ( 1363 )   PDF ( 1114090KB )   ( 709 ) Analysed the current situation of grain quality and heredity of the main quality in hybrid rice at present in our country. It pointed out that the high quality breeding of hybrid rice had already made great achievements ,especially in amylose content and head rice lead But the high chalkiness rate and degree and low gel consistency are still insurmountable，which is a main direction of the high quality breeding in hybrid rice in the future .

  Current Status and Superiority of Weak Gluten Wheat Production in the South of Huaihe River of Jiangsu Province and its Development Strategy Yang Xueming, Qian Cunming, Yao Jinbao, Yao Guocai, Zhou Chaofei 2004, 20 (3):  108-108.  Abstract + ( 1387 )   PDF ( 1279060KB )   ( 610 ) Wheat production and quality in the south of Huaihe river of Jiangsu province are described. According to production and market demand-supply in weak gluten wheat, five better factors of weak gluten wheat development in this region are analyzed, including climate factors, wheat variety, cultivation measure, traffic and industrialization. Suggestions for weak gluten wheat development are also discussed in the paper.

  Effects of Ca2+ and GA on the Germination and the Seed Vigour of Cotton Chen Shi-lin,et al 2004, 20 (3):  112-112.  Abstract + ( 1449 )   PDF ( 874485KB )   ( 704 ) The experiment study that effects of different density Ca2+ and GA on the germination and the seed vigour of Cotton .The result showed : 100ppMGA and 0.1%Ca2+ can remarkable the seed vigour of cotton ; 50ppMGA＋1% Ca2+and 100ppMGA＋0.1% Ca2+ can promote the seed vigour of cotton , and obvious better than other companies.

  Influences of Silicon Fertilizer on Populication Quality and Yield in Rice Zhang Guoliang, Dai Qigen, Zhou Qing Pan Guoqing Ling Li Zhang Hongcheng 2004, 20 (3):  114-114.  Abstract + ( 1787 )   PDF ( 1124759KB )   ( 667 ) The result of using Si in rice showed that (1)Obviously adding gross flower number and grain.(2)Raising rate of effect ear.(3)Improving maxmum LAI, grain- leaf area ratio(grain/cm2) and leaf weght(mg/cm2).(4)Obviously raising accumulated dry matter after anthesis(5)Improving structure of stems and enhancing energy of autilodge.Thereby the population quality obviously improved.It was shown that the silicon fertilizer amount of 150kg/hm2 applied as the basic or tillering fertilizer was better for population quality and yield and that 225 kg/hm2 among the different silicon fertilizer amount at jointing stage for population quality and yield was best.

  Zuo Xiaolong ,Zhang Huinan, Tong Youcai (Crop Resarch Institute,Anhui Academy of Acricultural Science,Hefei:00) 2004, 20 (3):  118-118.  Abstract + ( 1284 )   PDF ( 886079KB )   ( 541 ) Maine single-cross variety Wandan No.8 was bred by self-line Wanxi46(female) And sele-line Wenhuang31413(male) in Crop Resarch Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sceince,maturing stage was between 95-100d. According to the variety test , Wandan No.8 has the Characteristics of high and stable yield、wideadaptation、good resistsnce.It has been approved and released by the National Committee of Crop Variety .

  Advances in the Research of Drought Resistance in Sorghum Shao Yanjun，Shan lun 2004, 20 (3):  120-120.  Abstract + ( 1411 )   PDF ( 1159308KB )   ( 802 ) Reviewed the advances in the research of drought resistance in Sorghum on the recent studies of the morphologic resistance, osmotic tolerance and photosynthesis.

  Effect of PEG on vigour index and membrane systems repair in different genetypical soybean seedlings ZHong peng Zhu zhan lin Li zhi gang Zhang yu ling 2004, 20 (3):  126-126.  Abstract + ( 1290 )   PDF ( 1008593KB )   ( 757 ) Different of genetypical soybean seedlings were retreated with different concentration of PEG-6000. The result showed that the germination rate and vigour index of soybean seeds pretreated increased notably, the pretreatment with 20% PEG(W/W) for 8hours was the most effective. During germinating period, and the conductivity rate decreased compared to control.The specific activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)first fast increased, after fast decreased ,while the accumulation of MDA was lower than those of the control.This indicated that the increasing of vigour index and favoring of membrane system’s repair through with feasible concentration PEG.

  Review of Early-maturing in Rice Wang Xiuzhi, Wang Xudong，Wu Xianjun, Hanlei 2004, 20 (3):  129-129.  Abstract + ( 1301 )   PDF ( 1291590KB )   ( 634 ) Early-maturing rice plays an important role in the rice breeding program. The advances about cultivated ways of superior high-yielding,genetic analysis of early-maturing and forecast of heterosis in growth duration are reviewed.The prospect of superior high-yielding early-maturing hybrid rice was also discussed in the paper.The review was expected to be utilized as theoritical basis in the future rice breeding program.

  Study on the nitrogen release dynamics of controlled-release fertilizer and its effects on quality and yield of leafy vegetables Chen nsheng Tang Shuanhu Xu Peizhi Zhang Fabao Xie Chunsheng 2004, 20 (3):  135-135.  Abstract + ( 1276 )   PDF ( 1147429KB )   ( 562 ) A pot experiment and field trials were conducted to study on nitrogen release dynamics of a controlled-release fertilizer and its effects on quality and yield of leafy vegetables. It was observed that BCRF treatment resulted in significant higher soil NH4-N content than other treatments during whole growth period of flowering Chinese cabbage (FCC). On the other hand, soil NO3-N content of BCRF was evidently lower than that of BVSF in early and medium growth stages, and also lower than that of SVSF in late stage. In addition to meeting the demand for nitrogen nutrition of major leafy vegetables such as FCC in Guangdong, BCRF stably increased commercial yields and improved vegetable quality through increasing concentrations of vitamin C and soluble sugar, meanwhile decreasing concentration of nitrate in the products.

  Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Levels on grain filling and carbon assimilates supplying in Winter Wheat Cultivars with large-spike Type Li Qiaoling，Feng Wei 2004, 20 (3):  138-138.  Abstract + ( 1179 )   PDF ( 1017085KB )   ( 535 )

  The Analysis on Present Total Salt and Chlorine Content of Irrigating Water in the Main Tobacco Growing Districts of XINYANG Ma Jingmin，Song Shouye，Wu Zhenmin 2004, 20 (3):  141-141.  Abstract + ( 1381 )   PDF ( 884911KB )   ( 582 ) The analysis on 187 typical tobacco growing districts of Xinyang shows that the average total salt content of irrigating water is 207.6mg/L and the average chlorine content is 28.0 mg/L. Compared four main tobacco growing districts ,the total salt and chlorine content of Huaibin is more than that of Luoshan .And that of Pingqiao is the third .Gushi is the least .The total salt content of mostly growing distract accord with tobacco production requiration .The chlorine content of irrigating water is proper in the 95.2 percent tobacco growing districts . And in the Huaibin and Luoshan is 45.0 percent and 55.6 percent respectively.

  Summarization of Forest Soil Fertility Guo Yanna，He Qinjian，Yuan Ling 2004, 20 (3):  143-143.  Abstract + ( 1588 )   PDF ( 1025627KB )   ( 951 ) Forest soil fertility mainly relies on maintaining and resuming natural fertility and combines with artificially applying fertilizer. This paper summarize the relation between forest and soil, ways of maintaining and improving of forest soil fertility, which is of great significance to enhance forest soil fertility and economic as well as ecological benefit.

  Balanced fertilization technology in high-yield Baxi banana Balanced fertilization technology in high-yield Baxi banana 2004, 20 (3):  149-149.  Abstract + ( 1574 )   PDF ( 976293KB )   ( 629 ) Application technologies of K, Mg and S for the first and second Baxi banana plant were studied. The vegetative growth, floral emergence, fruit’s agronomic characteristics, fruit yield and plantation efficiency of different fertilizer combinations including K, Mg and S were compared. Proper use rates of N and K were recommended for two generation Baxi banana, and it was pointed out that if soil was rich in Mg and the ratio of Mg/K was even low to 1.37, Mg was not necessary to be used in banana’s production.

  Advances of Study in the Tobacco Organism Mixed Fertilizers Application Chen Yonghong, Wang Shaoxian, Wang Yueyun 2004, 20 (3):  152-152.  Abstract + ( 1287 )   PDF ( 1305352KB )   ( 616 ) Tobacco is an important economic crop, New advances in recent years in study of the organism mixed fertilizers in tobacco are reviewed in this paper, and point out the problem of the tobacco organism mixed fertilizers studying.

  Effect of Long-term Straw Combination to Fertility on Potassium Forms Sun Weihong , Lao Xiurong , Wei Zhiqiang 2004, 20 (3):  159-159.  Abstract + ( 1399 )   PDF ( 1126621KB )   ( 609 ) Study was carried out on fluvo-aquic soil of low fertility coming from Huanghe River plain for 18 years. The research of potassium forms applied a chemical analytic method. The results show that the straw returning combination to fertility improves release of slow-release K and available K, and availability of mineral K. As straw application rate at the range of 2250、4500、6750kg hm-2,soil non-exchangeable K, water soluble K, specifically absorbed K and non-specifically absorbed K are all positively related to the amount of straw remarkably, while mineral K is negatively correlative. The variant regularity of soil K is that non-exchangeable K and specifically absorbed K are increasing, but the other forms of K are decreasing.

  Effect of Fertilizers on Spring Wheat Zhang Xingmei，He Shuping，Wang Weili，Yu Lihe 2004, 20 (3):  165-165.  Abstract + ( 1282 )   PDF ( 1076304KB )   ( 532 ) The field experiment was conducted to study the effect of fertilizers N, P, K cooperation on spring wheat growth and yield. The results indicated that fertilizers N、P、K cooperation could promote spring wheat growth. The treatment 2 (N:P2O5:K2O =6:8:3) was most effective among the six fertilization treatments. This showed that wheat dry matter weight and the content of chlorophyll was increased, the activity of NRA and the N content of grain was higher, The character correlation of yield (length per spike, grains per spike, 1000-grain weight)was marked amelioration, the grain yield was highest and was increased 742.6kg/hm2, the rate of increased yield was 18.8%, the quality was good and the content of protein was 804.7kg/hm2.

  The Effects of Salicylic Acid on the Sink Strength of Fruits of ‘Da Jiu Bao’ Peach[Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.]under Weak Light Intensity Wang Xiuqin and Huang Weidong 2004, 20 (3):  169-169.  Abstract + ( 1483 )   PDF ( 1265562KB )   ( 470 ) Shading treatment (shaded with double shading web resulting in the light intensity reducing to the 11 percent of control )was carried out and 200μM?L-1 salicylic acid was respectively sprayed to 8-year-old ‘Da Jiu Bao’ peach trees (Prunus persica) in three different developing stages such as young fruit stage, hard drupe stage, and mature stage. The results showed that salicylic acid significantly improved the contents of GAs, ABA, and ZA in young fruit stage and mature stage, and improved the content of IAA in hard drupe stage and mature stage, but reduced the content of IAA in young fruit stage in the shading condition. At the same time, salicylic acid also improved the activity of sucrose synthase and the content of sucrose of fruit in young fruit stage and mature stage. So salicylic acid significantly improved the sink strength of peach fruit and the content of sucrose of fruit under the shading condition.

  The impact on growth and anthesis of cut flower of African chrysanthemum under different kinds of culture medi Zhuang yingqiang Shen Yuying 2004, 20 (3):  173-173.  Abstract + ( 1357 )   PDF ( 1040977KB )   ( 549 ) This paper described, with the normal soil as blank culture medium for comparison, the impact on growth and anthesis of cut flower of African chrysanthemum under the different culture media with the result of the combined medium of cinder and perlite and grass char earth at the ratio of 2:1:1 is the best solution.

  Effects of Water Stress on Ultrastruture of Malus Leaves Cao Hui, Wang XiaoWei, Han Zhenhai, Xu Xuefeng Wang Xiaozhong Xu Meikun 2004, 20 (3):  175-175.  Abstract + ( 1533 )   PDF ( 1278203KB )   ( 663 ) Effects of water stress on ultrastruture of Malus leaves were studied with polyethylene glycol(PEG6000) treatment. The results were as follows: Under water stress, the contents of chlorophyll(Chl.), carotenoid (Car) in leaves decreased. Ultrastructure changes of mesophyll cell of Malus hupehensis Pamp. Reld.and Malus sieversii (Ledeb) Roem. were examined with transmission electron microscope. The observations showed that the ultrastructure changes occurred under water stress, the changes were consistent with drought-resistance.

  Influence of GA3 Pretreatment On Senescence of Eaves of Cold Stored Cut Lily Song Lili，Peng Yonghong 2004, 20 (3):  182-182.  Abstract + ( 1444 )   PDF ( 1125223KB )   ( 645 ) The physiological and biochemical changes of cut lily cold stored at (2±0.5)℃ for 10 days were studied. The results showed that after cold storage, the rapid leaf yellowing was accompanied by quick increase of respiration rate and POD activity and decline of chlorophyll, soluble protein and carbohydrate contents. When cut Lily were pretreated with 200mg·L-1 GA3 before cold storage, the decrease of chlorophyll, soluble protein and carbohydrate contents and CAT activity were delayed, the accumulation of MDA were reduced, and the respiration rate and POD activity were inhibited. Leaf yellowing of cut Lily was retarded effectively by GA3 pretreatment.

  Studies on the Storage Physiology of Balsam Pear Seeds with Different Moisture Contents Zhang Shijun,Chen Runzheng 2004, 20 (3):  187-187.  Abstract + ( 1377 )   PDF ( 1008247KB )   ( 674 ) The paper dealt with the storage effect of different moisture contents on balsam pear(Momordica charantia L.) seeds. Seeds were dried by desiccator Cacl2 to 4 levels of moisture content(5.85%,4.09%,3.45% and 2.71%) respectively. Control seeds were stored openly. Seeds were sealed in clean bottles. Every three months germination percentage, vigor index, aging test, conductivity, volatile aldehyde were measured. After one year the results showed that Balsam pear seeds' viability and vigor decreased quickly when stored openly. Seeds being dried could be stored well. Seeds' viability and vigor increased with MC declined. Balsam pear seeds with 2.71% MC had the best storing result.

  Study on Techniques for Shoot Tip Culture of Purple Asparagus Zhangyuanguo,diaojialian,lifang,libaohua,lizhiping. 2004, 20 (3):  190-190.  Abstract + ( 1519 )   PDF ( 1146057KB )   ( 638 ) The tissue culture of stem tip from purple Asparagus was studied.The results showed:(1)The suitable medium for induction culture was MS+6-BA1.0mg.L-1;(2)The suitable mutiplication medium for male plant of purple Asparaguswas MS+NAA0.5 mg.L-1+6-BA0.5 mg.L-1with multiplication coefficient 2.5; The suitable mutiplication medium for famale plant of purple Asparaguswas MS+NAA0.05 mg.L-1+6-BA0.3 mg.L-1with multiplication coefficient 2.1;(3)Rooting medium:Improved MS+NAA0.05 mg.L-1+IBA1.0 mg.L-1+KT0.2 mg.L-1 with rooting rate 85%;(4)Transition cultivating technique:Tissue culture seedseedings with more than 3 roots cultivated in the mixed soil according to soil/vermiculite rate 5/3.

  Study on ornamental character in garden of Sect. Camellia plants of Genus Camellia in Hunan Tina Yelin, Liu Kewang 2004, 20 (3):  193-193.  Abstract + ( 1346 )   PDF ( 1142600KB )   ( 663 ) Beijing Agricultral College, Beijing, 102206;Central South Forest University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412006;

  Path Analysis Among Seven Agronomic Characters in semi-Leafless vegetable pea(Pisum sativum var. hortense Poir) WANG Fengbao DONG Lifeng FU Jinfeng CHEN Xuguang 2004, 20 (3):  196-196.  Abstract + ( 1444 )   PDF ( 950645KB )   ( 565 ) We studied seven agronomic characters of F3 lines from ‘Japanese common vegetable pea’ × ‘semi-leafless vegetable pea, Bao cai 2’, i.e. plant height (x1), branch number (x2), sugar content (x3), pod number per plant (x4), percentage of dual pods (x5), seed number per plant (x6) and 100-fresh seed weight through path analysis. The order of relative importance of the seven character to fresh pod yield was x6 > x7 > x4 > x2 >x1 >x3 >x5. Among direct effects of seven characters to fresh pod yield, seed number per plant was the highest, 100-fresh seed weight was the second. Among all indirect effects, the indirect effect of pod number per plant through seed number per plant to fresh pod yield was at the first place. Considering all these facts, we should pay attention to balance of these agronomic characters in semi-leafless vegetable pea breeding.

  the Stereoscopic Weather of NorthWest of GuiZhou and Fruit Resource Development Fu YeChun 2004, 20 (3):  199-199.  Abstract + ( 1235 )   PDF ( 1044839KB )   ( 657 ) the meteorological information of this paper that is investigated on the spot according to many years and is collected , have analysed the basic feature of northwest of Gui-Zhou three-dimensional climate, climate vertical distribution law, the climate index of climate vertical type of distribution; Heat thing to region distribution law; On this foundation, analyse yellow pear and apple , CiLi, red rose fruit and YangTao development prospect and channel, offer science basis for the industrial development of these fruits.

  Effect of Ambrosia Artemisiifolia on Germination Percentage of Corn Seeds Gao Guizhi, Lv Junfang, Wang Chuanhai, Chen Mindong, Dong chunyan, Zheng Youfei 2004, 20 (3):  210-210.  Abstract + ( 1263 )   PDF ( 961973KB )   ( 598 ) Seeds of crop treated with the Ambrosia artemisiifolia juice at 0.5%,1%,2%,5%,100% were compared with those treated with water. The result of the experiment showed that suitable concentrations 5%,2% of the prepared raised the germination percentage and the favorite was 5%。0.5%,1% and Ambrosia artemisiifolia juice decreased the germination percentage.

  Effect of Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl on Controlling Will Oatsat Spring Wheat fields Li Xinmiao 2004, 20 (3):  218-218.  Abstract + ( 1397 )   PDF ( 887544KB )   ( 636 ) Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl EW is efficient to prevent and kill the Will oats. The suitable dosage is 750~900ml,mixed with 225kg water per hm2 .It can be spray average when 4~5 leaf stage on the wheat and 3~4 leaf stage on wild oats. Not only the effect can reach more than 85%, but also it is safety to wheat and the output can reach more than 20% after killing wild oats. The result of research indicates that fenoxaprop~P-ethyl EW is efficient, low poison and safety to kill the wild oats, it can be widely used.

  Initial Study Of the Medical Effect in The Field On Wheat Aphid With 2.5% Bulldock EC Cui Meixiang Zhao Min 2004, 20 (3):  220-220.  Abstract + ( 1294 )   PDF ( 1050654KB )   ( 548 ) The paper reports the experiment on control wheat aphid with 2.5% Bulldock EC and so on.The result shows that the effective component dosage of 2.5% Bulldock EC is 7.50g/ha and 6.25g/ha. They are both superior to other contrast medicaments in prevention and cure effect.

  Effect of 7.5% Mixture of Beta-cypermethrin and Diflubenzuron SC on Controlling Laphygma exigua Hubner Sum Huatian, Zhao Jiwen,Mao Hongyan 2004, 20 (3):  222-222.  Abstract + ( 1484 )   PDF ( 901053KB )   ( 470 ) The field trials showed that 7.5% mixture of beta-cypermethrin and diflubenzuron SC could effectively control Laphygma exigua Hubner, the suitable dosage is 7.5% the mixture of beta-cypermethrin and diflubenzuron SC 45 g.ai/hm2～67.5 g.ai/hm2. these dosages are safe to cabbage.

  The fungistatic activities of bleeding sap of sponge gourd on some sorts of fruit and vegetable pathogenic fungi Liu Wei , Zhu Xiaoping , Wang Zhiling , Gao Shuguo , Song Shiqing 2004, 20 (3):  224-224.  Abstract + ( 1837 )   PDF ( 1010226KB )   ( 805 ) The in-vitro plate culture and in-vivo inoculation tests were conducted to study biological activities of bleeding sap of sponge gourd on pepper Botrytis cinerea, tomato Alternaria Solani and apple Glomerella cingulata. The results showed that bleeding sap had quite strong fungistatic activities on plant pathogenic fungi. The in-vitro plate culture indicated that the fungistatic rates of 0.3 volume fraction of HD bleeding sap(at the rate of medium ) on three plant pathogenic fungi were 90.70%, 36.97%，40.87%, respectively. The in-vivo inoculation tests indicated that the prevention rates of 0.5 volume fraction of HD bleeding sap on pepper Botrytis cinerea, tomato Alternaria Solani, and apple Glomerella cingulata were 73.60%, 47.12%, and 42.84%, respectively. The bleeding sap had the best fungistatic effect on Botrytis cinerea among the three pathogenic fungi.

  The Relation of the Chemical Control Ratio on Murdannja keisak and Paddy Output Guo De-jin Wang Dong-lai Liu Li-hua Lu gang 2004, 20 (3):  227-227.  Abstract + ( 1358 )   PDF ( 966397KB )   ( 612 ) On the basis of basin-planting experiment, the tests have contrasted the control ratio of 10 kinds weed killer to Murdannja keisak, and have analysed the relation of control ratio and paddy output. Show as a result: using 50%Machete before transplanting rice seedlings is best, and the control ratio with quantity of weed reaches 90%. And the control ratio with weigh of weed all reach 90% more by using 53%Mefenacet+Bensulfuron, 50%Machete and 30% Butachlor+Oxadiazon.The control ratio with weigh of weed by using 1%Pyanchor after transplanting rice seedlings reaches 95% more. 53%Mefenacet+Bensulfuron , 1%Pyanchor and 50%Machete had the best output. They respectively increase production 74.41%, 58.27% and 57.51% than CK. The direct Path coefficient of effective fringe quantity to paddy output is the biggest. It is 0.716638. The indirect Path coefficient of the control ratio with quantity of weed , the control ratio with weigh of weed and tillered quantity by effective fringe quantity to paddy output are bigger. They are 0.525439, 0.583343 and 0.667333.

  The Current Eutrophication Status of Taihu Lake and Its Ecological Control Countermeasures ZHANG Guang-sheng, WANG Ming-xing, YE Ya-xin, ZHU Cheng-dong, SONG Zhao-xia, ZHOU Qing, 2004, 20 (3):  235-235.  Abstract + ( 1467 )   PDF ( 1235139KB )   ( 591 ) As the high-speed development of industry and agriculture, non-controlled eduction of live sewage, relative lag of cure of water pollution and its own water character, the current eutrophication status of Taihu lake, the mostly component of Taihu valley, is dangerous and has endangered the economy development and people’s natural life in the Taihu valley. The eutrophication of Taihu lake is a representative ecological problem, so it can be controlled by some ecological control countermeasures, such as resuming aquicolous vegetation, restricting the area of breed aquatics in the Taihu lake, biologically manipulating alga, building ecological agriculture section around the Taihu lake and resuming the zoology of Taihu bank .

  Conservation of Biodiversity and Agriculture’s Sustained Development MIAO Heng-feng , TAO Wen-yi,, ZHANG Guang-sheng, ZHOU Qing,，CAO Yang, SONG Zhao-xia 2004, 20 (3):  238-238.  Abstract + ( 1442 )   PDF ( 1177301KB )   ( 695 ) The paper set forth the condition of the conservation of biodiversity and agriculture’s sustained development， then discuss the relationship of the two from different points of view. Summing-up is got that: Conservation of biodiversity is important to agriculture’s development and the mankind must go the way of sustainable development with the basis of the ecology principle

  Ascertainment of Crop Coefficients of Maize in Liaoning Area Ji Rui-peng Ban Xian-xiu Zhang Shu-jie 2004, 20 (3):  246-246.  Abstract + ( 1326 )   PDF ( 1167902KB )   ( 589 ) Crop coefficient of maize is one of the most parameters needs for crop water requirements.For estimating the evapotranspiration of maize objectively,in this paper,crop coefficient of maize were calculated by using the daily observational data of soil moisture of 1980～2002. The crop coefficient of maize in Liaoning's 5 areas were ascertained and the change of Kc during maize groeing period was analyzed.The Kc as sixth order polynomial functions of time(10 days) were derived.The results showed that the crop coefficient value of maize in Liaoning every area are obvious difference, but the change of their laws are comparatively unanimous.

  Programming for DTOPSIS Method and its Application in Appraising New Crop Varieties LONG Tengfang GUO Keting 2004, 20 (3):  252-252.  Abstract + ( 1305 )   PDF ( 1116943KB )   ( 578 ) This paper introduces the algorithm and programming of DTOPSIS method and takes appraising new rice varieties as application instance.

  Study on Decision Support System for Drip Irrigation Under Plastic Film on Cotton(CDIDSS) Zheng Zhong；Ma Fuyu ；Li Jiangquan；Zheng Xurong 2004, 20 (3):  255-255.  Abstract + ( 1516 )   PDF ( 1017843KB )   ( 645 ) Water real-time management and automatic control is very important to water-saving technique in Xinjiang. In condition of production practice, a decision support system for drip irrigation under plastic film on cotton (CDIDSS) is developed by key technique of DBMS and MBMS and KBMS and WBMS. Sorts of sensors to put on cotton field acquire real-time data. Through decision command by calculation and analysis of acquired information, control system may perform automatic control of irrigation facilities. So irrigation period of effectiveness has improved by CDIDSS.

  The Influence Analysis of China Livestock Policy to Dairy Householders Production Huang Delin 2004, 20 (3):  265-265.  Abstract + ( 1222 )   PDF ( 1117641KB )   ( 554 ) The policy of Finance, banking, land, public service, industry development guidance, marketing are the main tools for government to use to control dairy households production. After analysis of survey datum collected from the households of Shandong and Heilongjiang provinces, the utility function of Livestock policy to dairy household's production is evaluated.

  Some Thoughts on Upgrading The Competitive Capacity of Superior Produce of South Subtropical Region of Fujian Chen Zhijian，Zheng Yizhi，Huang Guocheng 2004, 20 (3):  269-269.  Abstract + ( 1380 )   PDF ( 1322916KB )   ( 554 ) This paper dwells on the necessity of upgrading the competitive capacity of the superior agricultural Produce of the South Subtropical Region of Fujian and how to achieve it by optimizing the regional layout,ensuring quality safety,staengthening technical innovation,and enlarging produce circulation.

  Research on the System of Culture and Education for the Strong Creative Professional Adapting to Industrialization of Animal production An LiLong，Xiao Mei，Yu Li，Du BingWang，Xu ChunHou，Wang RunLian，Cao WuQi，Huang GuangQing，Ren Li，Huang XiaoLiang 2004, 20 (3):  273-273.  Abstract + ( 1526 )   PDF ( 1111956KB )   ( 726 ) The development of animal husbandry and feed industry need a large number of high talent who know well the system of industry of Animal husbandry and Animal feed production and rule and law of correlation with animal production, have a better capability on management of enterprise and distribution of product in market and have good creative and well skilled in practice. According to this request, the system of culture and education for the strong creative professional on science of animal nutrition and feed was designed and established This system broadened the base of specialty, embodied the request of industrialization of Animal husbandry and production of green food and gave prominence to the key points of culture and education of creative ideal and ability for college students。

  Advices and Considerations to Actuality of Vegetables Exports in China Wu Zhen, Wang Haishui and Li Shijun 2004, 20 (3):  277-277.  Abstract + ( 1122 )   PDF ( 1336666KB )   ( 821 ) The vegetables exports of China have been characterized as follow. The quantity of vegetables exports were continually increasing while the price was steadily declining. The fresh vegetables were in ascendant in vegetables exports. The frozen vegetables, vegetables juice and dehydrated vegetables increased rapidly in export. The vegetables exports markets were focused on Asian and price level lower than international trade price. After China entering WTO, quality and security come to be the bottleneck of vegetables exports. To accelerate growth of vegetables product, such countermeasures as improving vegetables quality, organizing vegetables exports association, acquiring international certificate, supporting vegetables enterprises development should be done.

  Analysis of development in the future of flowers in Shanxi province Zheng Liping Guo Ruiping Wang Fenglin Hou Aibin Tian Senlin 2004, 20 (3):  281-281.  Abstract + ( 1213 )   PDF ( 1079971KB )   ( 536 ) Based on the change of economy and consume in the latest years in Shanxi province. the article analyzed the present conditions and development in the future. And put forward the measurements of flower development.

  Tacked About the Innovation to Science and Technology and Transformation to Achievement in the Basic Agricultural Science and Technology Unit Chen Hongjian 2004, 20 (3):  289-289.  Abstract + ( 1203 )   PDF ( 1180435KB )   ( 488 ) Through analysis the state of innovation to science and technology and transformation to achievement，thought that the basic agricultural science and technology unit was the important strength ，in innovation to science and technology and transformation to achievement in the china . But there were a great deal of questions such as small scale ,serious burden, lack of funds and talents ， weak in competition ect. In the basic unit according to this current situation .The basic unit can survive develop and strengthen. Just by probing the mechanism reform actively, strengthening innovation to science and technology，accelerating achievement transform.