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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (18): 81-85.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-0424

所属专题： 生物技术； 农业地理； 耕地保护

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

喀斯特小流域不同土地利用方式对土壤微生物和酶活性的影响——以广西都安澄江小流域为例

苏广实   

  • 收稿日期:2012-02-15 修回日期:2012-04-01 出版日期:2012-06-25 发布日期:2012-06-25
  • 基金资助:

    广西自然科学基金;广西教育厅面上科研项目

Effects of Land Use Patterns on Microorganism and Enzyme Activity in Karst Small Watershed Soil——A Case Study at Small Watershed of Cheng-Jiang in Du'an County, Guangxi

  • Received:2012-02-15 Revised:2012-04-01 Online:2012-06-25 Published:2012-06-25

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摘要：

为了探索喀斯特小流域不同土地利用方式对土壤表层微生物和酶活性的影响，以期为喀斯特山区寻求最佳的土地利用结构和石漠化综合治理提供有价值的参考。以广西都安澄江喀斯特小流域为研究单元，分析流域内不同土地利用方式下土壤表层微生物和酶活性的变化特征。结果表明：各种土地利用方式中，细菌数量最多，均占85%以上，放线菌和真菌相对较少。从总量上看，灌草丛地和草地土壤微生物总数量最大，分别为37.88×106 cfu/g、26.70×106 cfu/g，自然林地、灌丛地和旱地次之，退耕地和人工林地最小，分别为8.78×106 cfu/g、7.74×106 cfu/g。自然林地和人工林地的土壤微生物多样性指数较高，分别为0.461、0.459，灌草丛地、草地、灌丛地和退耕地次之，旱地最低，仅为0.155，与土壤微生物总数的变化趋势不一致。不同土地利用方式下土壤表层酶活性亦存在较大的差异，自然林地土壤过氧化氢酶、转化酶、蛋白酶、脲酶活性分别为0.195 mL/(g?min)、1.2 mL/(g?min)、0.753 mL/(g?min)和1.5 mL/(g?min)，均高于其它用地类型，退耕地和旱地最低，人工林地、灌丛地、灌草丛地、草地居中。

关键词: 效果, 效果

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of land use patterns on Microorganism and enzyme activity in Karst small watershed soil, this thesis was aimed to provide the valuable references to optimize the structure of land uses and the comprehensive control of the rocky desertification. Utilizing the Karst of small watershed of Cheng-Jiang in Du'an County as research unit, this thesis analysed the effects of microorganism and enzyme activity on the surface layer of soil based on the different land uses in the watershed. The research showed that, the bacteria, which accounts for more than 85%, was in the large portion compared to the percentage of the line bacteria and fungus which were relatively in small amount under the various land use patterns. In the classification of the total amount, the grass land and soil micro-organisms were the largest which respectively contains 37.88×106 cfu/g and 26.70×106 cfu/g, followed by the natural woodlands, the scrub and the dry lands, whereas the retreat and plantation of cultivated lands are smallest which separately contains 8.78×106 cfu/g and 7.74×106 cfu/g. At the same time, in the investigation of the soil microbial diversity, the natural forest and plantation demonstrate the highest index which reads as 0.461 and 0.459, followed by the grass land, the scrub and the retreat farmland, and the dry land was the lowest which accounted for 0.155. Therefore, the soil microbial diversity was in inconsistency with the change trend of the total soil microbial. Under different land uses, there also existed the great differences in the surface enzymes, in which the transformation enzymes, the proteases, the catalase and the urease played the most active roles in the natural soils which read respectively as 0.195 mL/(g?min), 1.2 mL/(g ?min), 0.753 mL/(g?min) and 1.5 mL/(g?min), work as the least parts in the return lands and dry lands, and engage in the medium activities in the least parts, the bushes, the artificial woodland, the shrub land, the irrigation and the pasture.