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中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (26): 272-277.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-3259

所属专题: 玉米 农业气象

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

气象因子对辽西地区玉米产量的影响分析

张晓月 李晶 李辑 陈鹏狮 黄岩 黄岩 王莹   

  • 收稿日期:2013-12-13 修回日期:2014-01-23 出版日期:2014-09-15 发布日期:2014-09-15
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省气象科学研究所特色领域研究基金项目 “辽宁省粮食结构产量与各生育期影响产量的气象因子相关关系的研究” (TSJJ201302)。

Analysis of Meteorological Elements’Effect on Corn Yield in West Region of Liaoning

  • Received:2013-12-13 Revised:2014-01-23 Online:2014-09-15 Published:2014-09-15

摘要: 为了掌握在各生育期内影响辽西地区玉米产量的气象因子,以便更加有针对性地开展农业气象服务工作。应用辽宁省西部地区1981—2010年30年6个农业气象观测站玉米主要发育期资料和相应台站气象因子观测资料,结合玉米单产历年资料,利用相关分析等统计方法分析各生育期内日平均气温、最低气温、最高气温、降水量、日照时数等气象因子与玉米单产的关系。结果表明:(1)辽西6个地区30年气象产量的变化特征具有高度相似性,且影响6个测站玉米生长发育的气象因子波动表现的极具区域性;(2)气象因子对辽西地区玉米产量变化构成影响的主要发育阶段为拔节-抽雄期,该阶段内平均气温、最高气温及日照时数与产量呈显著负相关关系;(3)辽西6个地区拔节-抽雄期最高气温大于30~ 31℃及降水量小于10 mm出现日数与产量呈显著负相关关系。

关键词: 研究, 研究

Abstract: In order to provide more specifically agro- meteorological services, it is necessary to realize the relationship between corn yield and meteorological elements in each development stages in west region of Liaoning Province. The author analyzed relationship between corn yield and meteorological elements which include average temperature, minimum temperature, maximum temperature, precipitation and sunshine duration by using data of corn development stages of 6 agro-meteorological stations in west region of Liaoning Province and meteorological elements data corresponding station observation and corn yield data form 1981 to 2010. The results showed that: (1) the meteorological yield variation of 6 regions in 30 years was highly similar, and the meteorological elements’variation of 6 stations during development stages was extremely regional. (2) Development stage which meteorological elements had an impact on the corn yield in west Liaoning was jointing to heading stage, and during this stage the relationship between average temperature, maximum temperature, sunshine duration and meteorological yield was significant negative correlative. (3) It was a significant negative correlative relationship between meteorological yield and the number of days maximum temperature above 30-31℃, precipitation less than 10 mm during jointing to heading stage.