Current issue

• 2017 Vol.33 No.29 Published:24 October 2017

  Effects of Growing-microbial Agents on Yield, Soil Nutrients and Heavy Metal Cd of Double Cropping Rice Li Chao,Xiao Xiaoping,Tang Haiming,Wang Ke,Cheng Kaikai,Tang Wenguang and Yang Guangli 2017, 33 (29):  1-6.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080145 Abstract + ( 823 )   To clarify the effect of growing-microbial agents on paddy bioremediation and fertilization, this study set growing- microbial agent “chenaorunze” as representative material, five treatments including 0 kg/hm2 (CK), 30 kg/hm2, 60 kg/hm2, 90 kg/hm2, 120 kg/hm2 were set to research the effects of growingmicrobial agents on topsoil nutrients, heavy metal Cd and yield of double cropping rice. The results showed that: rice yield showed an increasing trend with increasing dosage of“chenaorunze”, the effective panicle and grains per spike were the major factors of high- yield;“chenaorunze” improved soil available nutrient effectively, increased soil supplying nutrient capability; heightened the nitrogen and potassium content of root, promoted nitrogen and potassium in stem transferring to grain, and the capacity of lodging- resistant was strengthened as the addition of potassium content in stem;“chenaorunze”could reduce rice Cd accumulation mainly by the way of decreasing soil effective cadmium, and Cd accumulation showed a decreasing trend with increasing dosage of“chenaorunze”, thus, it was beneficial to guarantee the safe production of double cropping rice. The optimum dosage of“chenaorunze”was about 90 kg/hm2 with a better bioremediation and fertilization effect from the perspective of decreasing cost and increasing efficiency, the yield of early and late rice increased by 12.9% and 12.6% compared with control respectively.

  Theory and Technology for “Thousand Catties by Watering Once” Cultivation Mode of Winter Wheat in Middle and South Region of Hebei Sun Mingqing,Li Yuehua,Zhang Guanghui,Gao Qian,Hou Dashan,Liu Qiang,Li Juanru,Zhang Hui and Li Guang 2017, 33 (29):  7-12.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17060003 Abstract + ( 803 )   The cultivation mode of winter wheat with thousand catties by watering once in Hebei middle and south region indicates that during the whole growth period, the output of winter wheat is up to 7500 kg/hm2, because the technical measures of using water with soil moisture for seeding and water dual using in later period of corn were adopted under the circumstance of the rainfall capacity during the winter wheat growth period as close as the average rainfall capacity in recent 10 years. The author has found the theoretical basis of the cultivation mode of winter wheat with thousand catties by watering once through investigating a series of water saving cultivation tests in these cities of Shi Jiazhuang, Xingtai, Handan, Baoding, etc. which locate in the middle and south of Hebei province from 2011 to 2016: Firstly, the soil moisture is surplus after the harvest of the winter wheat in the mode of traditional watering and management; Secondly, the deep layer is available during the whole growth period of winter wheat in the mode of traditional watering and management; Thirdly, the total water capacity used in the cultivation mode of winter wheat with thousand catties by watering once is close to that used in high-field wheat in the mode of traditional watering and management. Based on these theoretical foundations, the author develops the cultivation mode of winter wheat with thousand catties by watering once with the main technical of water dual using, high output by sowing late, compacting after sowing、equal row cultivating, once watering, which were proved by two-year practical tests with the result of 8074.5 kg/hm2 output during 2014—2015 and 8130 kg/hm2 output during 2015—2016.

  Screening of Silage Maize in Southern Shandong Province Zhuang Kezhang,Xu Lihua,Xu Xiangbo,Wang Liming,Hu Ming,Wu Ronghua,Zhang Chunyan and Li Junqing 2017, 33 (29):  13-18.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090036 Abstract + ( 1452 )   Analyzing 11 key traits of silage corn correlation and using principal component analysis based on SPSS were carried out with 13 silage maize. In all targets, yield and quality were the core, comprehensive evaluation was got on from agronomic and quality. The results were that four different silage maize with good quality and agronomic traits had been screened out which were suitable for planting in the Lunan region of Shandong Province . Using principal component analysis method to evaluate the results were agreed with the performance of each hybrid in production.

  Effects of Straw Mulching on Yield and Soil Properties of Cassava Intercropping System 2017, 33 (29):  19-24.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090053 Abstract + ( 867 )   In order to provide guidance for the rational utilization of soil fertility, improvement and utilization of rice straw in hilly red soil region of southern China, a research was conducted to study the effect of straw mulching on crop yield and soil improvement in hilly red soil. Three treatments ( no covered straw, straw mulching and straw mulching rot fungus) were set to analyse the effects of different straw mulching on crop yield, soil moisture, soil biological activity and soil available nutrients. Results showed straw mulching significantly increased the peanut and cassava yield in the crop system, however the straw mulching rot fungus treat had little effect in yield increase. Straw mulching significantly increased the available nutrient accumulation, and available potassium content increased significantly, which performed much more obviously with rot fungus application. Straw mulching significantly increased the soil moisture，but mainly wroked in the 0-20 cm layer. In this experiment, Straw mulching could significantly increase crop yield, and straw rot fungus application could accelerate the decomposition of rice straw and promote the accumulation of soil available nutrients.

  Forecasting Method of Rice Phenology Stage Based on Physiological Development Period 2017, 33 (29):  25-30.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080146 Abstract + ( 862 )   Rice phenological models are the bases of modern agro-meteorological service. Based on the conservation principle of crop physiological development stage, with the consideration of influences of climatic variables (i.e. temperature, sunshine hours and so on) on rice phenological stage, we built and verified the phenological forecasting model which were suitable for hsien rice and japonica rice planting region, using the observational data during rice phenology stage and ground meteorological data (2011-2014) from 12 agro-meteorological stations of Yunnan. The results showed that: both of prediction and observation value hsien and japonica phonological prediction models had good performances with 7.47 in averaged root-mean-square error (RMSE) and 7.99% in relative error (RE); the relative error (RE) was higher in hsien phonological prediction model (9.5%) than in japonica phonological prediction model (6.49%), implying the better performance of model prediction for japonica. Therefore, the biologically based and universally applied crop phonological process model is applicable for agrometeorological service.

  Roles of WRKY Transcription Factors and Abscisic Acid Under Low Temperature Yang Yang,Li Yueying and Zhang Ying 2017, 33 (29):  31-35.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080127 Abstract + ( 725 )   ABA treatment improves the plant resistance in low temperature. The plant in low temperature gradually formed a set of perception and conduction of low temperature signal pathway, and produced a series of changes to adapt and increase cold resistance. With the role of the transcriptional regulation and activation of transcription factors, a series of functional gene expression associated with the low temperature to improve the cold resistance of plants as a whole. Along with the further study of crop growth processes in low temperature and molecular level, roles of WRKY transcription factors and abscisic acid in low temperature was reviewed, in order to lay a good foundation for clarify the molecular mechanism of WRKY involved in plant cold resistance, and to cultivate high-quality varieties of crops and breeding of resistance to low temperature varieties provides a theoretical basis.

  ARTP Mutation and Screening of a Strain Producing Gliotoxin 2017, 33 (29):  36-41.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16100079 Abstract + ( 655 )   The objective is to breed strains producing high-yield gliotoxin. Trichoderma virens TY-009 was used as the original strain. The method of atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) was used to induce the mutation of Trichoderma virens producing gliotoxin to obtain mutants. The time gradients were set up. The yield of gliotoxin in different time was detected. Eight positive mutants were obtained through plate screening and shaking culture selection. The highest production of gliotoxin was 0.86 mg/mL, which increased by 45.76% compared with that of the original strain. ARTP was proved to be a fast and efficient method, and had better mutation of Trichoderma virens. It was believed that ARTP had a great application potential for improving the production of gliotoxin.

  Research Progress of Nitrogen Deposition Effect on Plant Growth Mao Jinhua,Xing Yajuan,Ma Hongyu and Wang Qinggui 2017, 33 (29):  42-48.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16110061 Abstract + ( 731 )   In order to explore the impact of plant growth under the background of increasing global nitrogen (N) deposition, the author summarized the literature data of different growth indices of forest plant to N deposition in this paper. On the basis of previous research results, the author detailedly summarized the effects of N deposition on the plant morphology above the ground (plant height, the stem base diameter), Photosynthetic physiology (content of photosynthetic pigments, net photosynthetic rate), soluble sugar content, biomass allocation proportion between aboveground and underground, root morphology structure (length, diameter and biomass of root system) and stoichiometric ratio between N and P in the leaf, then we made a reasonable analysis about the above changes. It is pointed out that the increase of N deposition obviously promote every plant growth index to some extent, however, the growth of plants will be restrained when the N deposition was pretty serious. The author found that many current N deposition simulation experiments were short-term and most of them paid more attention to the study of phenomena rather than the mechanism. It is suggested that the duration of simulation experiments should be further extended and the mechanism of changes should be explored in order to provide a great reference for further study on the effect of N deposition on the growth of forest plant.

  Forecast of First Plucking Date of Spring Tea and Evaluation of Tea Climate Quality Grade in Jingxian, Anhui Sun Xiubang,Tao Shuhua,Tian Qing,Cao Shuxin,Liu Ruina,Wang Zhouqing and Chen Xinxin 2017, 33 (29):  49-54.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080139 Abstract + ( 990 )   The climatic conditions have obvious influence on the spring tea first plucking and quality. Based on the data of regional automatic weather station from 2013 to 2016 in tea plantation of Lvhuanlanxiang which belongs to Anhui Hanlin Tea Company. The Forecast model of first plucking date of spring tea is established. Besides,Based on National Meteorological Stations data of Jingxian County from 1960 to 2016 and regional automatic weather station data from 2013 to 2016 and tea growing period observation data , the tea meteorological indices of climate quality evaluation and climate suitability indices were established. With hierarchical cluster analysis method, tea climate quality evaluation grade standard was established. Lastly, combined with field experiment, tea climate quality was verified. The results showed that Daily mean temperature of 7℃ is of great benefit to tea sprout and growth . when more than 7℃ active accumulated temperature and effective accumulated temperature reaches to 396.7 and 153.6℃, first plucking date of spring tea will come. This prediction method has better stability. the key period of tea quality is 15 days before the harvest, which is from March 21st to April 4th. The optimum meteorological index for tea quality has three aspects. Firstly, the average temperature is in 12-14 ℃;Secondly, average relative humidity is greater than 80% ; Lastly, average sunshine time in 3-6h. with regard to temperature, late spring coldness has great influence on the quality of tea. Climatic suitability index and hierarchical clustering results show that climatic conditions in Jingxian county overall conducive to the formation of high quality tea. The winner and excellent climate grade year accounted for 56% in 57 years, good grade accounted for 19%, the grade of general accounting for 25%. Testing experimental data show that spring climate quality level agree with tea quality level, tea climate quality grade evaluation method is consistent with tea quality.

  K Factor Characteristics of Different Types of Stony Desertification in Guizhou: A Case Study of Model Small Watershed of Stony Desertification Management Project Li Mian,Guo Jing,Yang Shifan and Sun Quanzhong 2017, 33 (29):  55-60.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080125 Abstract + ( 690 )   The soil erodibility (K-Factor) as an important parameter of evaluating soil characteristics, soil and water conservation planning, land-use evaluation, comprehensive control of soil and water conservation engineering planning and design work of the important basic data.?The article choose five represent karst catchment as the research object form different project types rocky-desertification of space angle in Guizhou province.Using the model of EPIC analysis of the soil erodibility,explore the characteristics and differences with the different types rocky-desertification.At the same time,in order to provide certain theoretical basis for the design and management process of soil erosion comprehensive control project,desertification control project in Guizhou province.

  Quality Change and Exploitation and Utilization of Abandoned Land with Different Years in High Altitude Area of Central Yunnan Wen Jingyuan,Li Xiaoying and Shen Jiayan 2017, 33 (29):  61-65.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16120036 Abstract + ( 656 )   For the further development and utilization of idle resources of abandoned land, need to understand the occurrence and development of soil quality changes after abandonment, in Luquan County of Kunming, the Zehei country abandoned land in different years (0a, 5a, 10a, 15a, 20a) of soil nutrient and soil enzyme activities as the object of study, the soil nutrient area of 2500 meters above sea level, the relationship between the enzyme activity and the two, and the analysis of different life fallow soil quality by soil nutrient evaluation index and enzyme activity index. The results showed that: on the whole, the soil nutrient decreased first and then increased with the increased length of the process, soil enzyme activity increases gradually and with the establishment of vegetation population and stable trend. Most of the soil nutrient and the relationship between highly significant between soil enzyme activity and two, so it can be through the implementation of organic fertilizer indirect regulation other soil nutrients and enzyme activity of soil nutrient and enzyme activity; Effect of vegetation types change from abandoned last year to grow crops and fallow; and put forward the corresponding suggestions on how to develop the use of land resources in high altitude area.

  Effect of Fertilization on Yield and Quality of Alfalfa in Saline-alkali Soil Wu Bo,Zhang Qingping,Zhang Jinhong,Wang Guoliang,He Feng and Sheng Yibing 2017, 33 (29):  66-71.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16110035 Abstract + ( 811 )   Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of combined application of humic acid, diammonium phosphate and microelement on alfalfa (Medicago sativa) growth, and to analyze and evaluate 12 main nutritive indexes by gray relational analysis grade method. The results showed that the total yield of alfalfa increased by 39.6% with humic acid, diammonium phosphate and microelement applied as base fertilizer. Topdressing in seedling establishment period had little effect on yield. Fertilization could improve plant height of alfalfa, and the plant height in first cut and second cut was higher than that of third cut. The results of the weighted correlation degree and the equal right correlation degree of alfalfa nutrition were the same under different treatments, the effect followed the order of T3 (base fertilizer), T1 (base fertilizer + topdressing in seedling establishment period), T2 (topdressing in seedling establishment period) and T4 (without fertilization), the comprehensive evaluation correlation degree of weighted and equal relation were 0.2175 and 0.2156 under T3 treatment.

  Fertilizer Reduction and Efficiency Increase for Indica-japonica Hybrid Rice Under Different Formula Compound Fertilizers Wang Zhong,Shen Jianguo,Lou Ling,Fang Wenying,Ma Weihong,Yang Yanmin and Li Liansong 2017, 33 (29):  72-76.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16110026 Abstract + ( 653 )   To investigate the effects of fertilizer reduction and efficiency increase of different formula fertilizers on indica-japonica hybrid rice ‘Yongyou 12’, under the condition of total chemical fertilizer decreased by 10.2%, four formula fertilizers were used as materials, and conventional fertilization was used as CK. The results showed that: rice specific fertilizer (16-10-14) was the best practice with fertilizer cost reduced by 16.90% and rice yield increased by 1.76%, so it was suitable for promotion and application in this area. Then was compound fertilizer (20-12-14), the effect of fertilizer reduction and efficiency increase was not obvious. Compound fertilizer (22-6-12) could save fertilizer cost, but the rice yield decreased. Compound fertilizer (15-10-17) not only raised fertilizer cost, but also reduced rice yield.

  A Predict Model of Dynamic Leaf Area Index of Double Cropping Rice Based on Normalized Method Li Yanda,Shu Shifu,Chen Licai,Ye Chun,Wang Kangjun and Huang Junbao 2017, 33 (29):  77-84.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16110029 Abstract + ( 586 )   The study aims to illustrate the relationship between double cropping rice LAI and TEP, and the influence of nitrogen. Field experiments with eleven early and late rice cultivars and four nitrogen application rates were conducted, and LAI was measured at the main growth stages, normalization processing of LAI and accumulated TEP was conducted, simulation analysis of LAI (RLAI) and TEP (RTEP) was carried out with the software of Curve Expert, six simulation model with fine fitting results were obtained, and the rational equation could describe the dynamic change of LAI accurately, with the correlation index of 0.9677**, which had biological significance. Independent field test data were used to test the model, the results indicated that the root mean square error (RMSE) between the observed and simulated values of LAI at varied RTEP was 0.50 m2/m2, indicated that the RLAI dynamic model based on RTEP could reflect the dynamic change of double cropping rice LAI accurately. The LAImax showed the trend of quadratic equation with the increase of nitrogen application, the change of RLAI showed a“N”shape with the increase of RTEP. The results provided a theoretical upport to high yield cultivation and precise control of LAI of double cropping rice.

  Effect of Different New Type Fertilizers on Soil Fertility and Flue-cured Tobacco Growth Zhang Mingfa,Tian Feng,Deng Xiaohua,Chao Jin,Cai Yunfan,Zhang Liming,Zhu Sanrong and Lv Qisong 2017, 33 (29):  85-89.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080118 Abstract + ( 522 )   Effects of different new type fertilizer on soil chemical properties and flue-cured tobacco growth were studied by way of field experiment.The results demonstrated that the contents of soil alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and soil available potassium and soil available phosphorus and tobacco leaf area index and photosynthetic active radiation in maturing stages of flue-cured tobacco were increased significantly by liquid medium trace element fertilizer,physical character of flue-cured tobacco was improved, was one of the effective measures to prevent and control soil acidification,was favorable to root growth of flue-cured tobacco, the contents of soil alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and tobacco leaf area index were increased significantly by liquid bio-fertilizer,and soil PH value

  Resistance Reduction Effect on Cd Content in Rice: Microporous Mineral Fertilizer with Potassium, Silicon and Calcium Luo Siying,Zhou Weijun,Pan Chengliang,Xin Benjun,Cao Sheng,Tan Jie and Liu Pei 2017, 33 (29):  90-94.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090089 Abstract + ( 535 )   The restoration effect of the paddy field of the heavy metals pollution application the mineral micropores fertilizer with potassium, silicon and calcium (MFPSC) was studied with the field experiment. The results showed the total grain number per panicle, the actual number grains per spike, and the ripening rate were increased, while the rice yield was promoted, and the increase ratio was up to 7.5 -16.0%, after the MFPSC was applied. The content of the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, the available phosphorus, and the soil available potassium was improved, and the soil available Cd was decreased, so the Cd accumulation of the rice grain was induced and prevented, the Cd content of the rice grain was decreased, its greatest value was up to 38.6%, when MFPSC was employed. The trial results suggested that the application rates could not be less than 95kg/667m2.

  Wet Scavenging Characteristic of Precipitation in Two Air Pollution Processes in Wuhan Li Dejun,Xiong Shouquan,Liu Cao and Xiong Jie 2017, 33 (29):  95-102.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090061 Abstract + ( 930 )   To study the scavenging effect of precipitation on pollutants in the air, the comparative analysis of wet scavenging characteristic of different types of precipitation were investigated by using the air pollution monitoring data, surface meteorological observation data and rain spectrum monitoring data during two air pollution events in Wuhan in November 2014. The results showed: (1) The main pollutants in the two events were PM pollutants, and under the condition of stable atmospheric stratification and slight wind ,the air pollutants were difficult to spread and easy to accumulate, leading to "09.26-29" and "11.13-24" two severe air pollution process, until influenced by the convective clouds precipitation and stratiform cloud precipitation respectively ,the pollutant concentrations decreased rapidly and the air quality has been significantly improved. (2) In the later period of "09.26-29" process, which was influenced by the convective clouds precipitation, the wet scavening effects on PM10, PM2.5 were best, the effect on O3, SO2 and NO2 was the second, and the effect on CO was the worst, while in "11.13-24" process, which was influenced by the stratiform clouds precipitation, the wet scavening effects on PM2.5、PM10 were best, and the effect on O3 was the worst. (3) Through the analysis of the two process, the two average scavenging coefficient E corresponding to different types of precipitation were different, the E of convective clouds precipitation and stratiform clouds precipitation were 0.32-0.42, 0.25- 0.35 in Wuhan Area, respectively.

  Two Heavy Rainstorm Weather Processes in Youyang Li Na,Tu Junhua,Tang Feng and Du Junlin 2017, 33 (29):  103-111.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16110033 Abstract + ( 689 )   In order to find out the dynamic and thermodynamic conditions of Rainstorm in Youyang county,Explore Study on the effect of rainstorm disaster on agricultural production,Utilize automatic weather station,Sounding and physical quantity field data,The heavy rain process in Youyang County in July 9, 2010 and in June 20, 2016 was analyzed.Results show:The two process Are all West High East low，Northeast Vortex and two troughs and one ridge situation,Control of the Western Pacific subtropical high in Southern China,500 hPa and 700 hPa low trough in the Sichuan basin are the main influencing factors of the two heavy rainfall processes.The difference is,July 9, 2010 rainstorm precipitation process for low trough eastward formation of Southwest Vortex and ground cold air intrusion caused by the local path through the northeast,June 20, 2016 rainstorm is mainly due to the small trough eastward southwest jet establishment,The formation of shear convergence caused by heavy rainfall.500 hPa low slot position,Low vortex shear system similarities and differences，The intensity of ground cold air is the main reason for the difference of the intensity characteristics of the two rainstorm processes.

  Effects of Biogas Slurry on Soil Microbial Characteristics of Broccoli Yang Zifeng,Chen Weiqiang,Wang Wei,Li Wanyi,He Xianbiao and Yang Xiangtian 2017, 33 (29):  112-115.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17030139 Abstract + ( 638 )   [Objective][Method]Conventional fertilization was used as control. Effects of biogas slurry application on soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity and nutrient content before and after harvest in broccoli were studied. [Result] Results showed that the number of bacteria and actinomycetes under biogas slurry application were significantly greater than those of conventional fertilization before broccoli planting, the differences were 91.16% and 79.09%, respectively. While the number of fungi under biogas slurry application lower than those of conventional fertilization before broccoli planting, the differences were55.03%. The soil urease activity and invertase activity under biogas slurry application lower than those of conventional fertilization before broccoli planting, the differences were 27.01% and 15.58%, respectively. The soil urease activity and invertase activity under biogas slurry application greater than those of conventional fertilization at broccoli harvest, the differences were 13.18% and 11.50%, respectively. The soil organic matter contents under biogas slurry application greater than those of conventional fertilization before broccoli planting and at broccoli harvest, the differences were 79.61% and 29.46%, respectively. [Conclusion] In conclusion, biogas slurry application can increase the quantity of soil bacteria and soil actinomycetes before broccoli planting. Biogas slurry application can improve soil urease and invertase activity, and soil nutrient content at broccoli harvest.

  Effect of Different Organic Materials on Soil Chemical Properties andDissolved Organic Carbon/Nitrogen Zhang Yujun,Dong Shigang,Liu Shiliang,Zhang Hong,Li Ying,Guo Doudou,Huang Shaomin,Shen Fengmin and Jiang Guiying 2017, 33 (29):  116-123.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17060090 Abstract + ( 771 )   For exploring the optimum ratio to substitute inorganic fertilizer in Fluvo-aquic soil, the field experiment with different organic material substitute different ratio of inorganic fertilizer was carried out. Compared with CK, the basic soil nutrients contents were improved under the treatments with different ratio of organic material substitution. Soil organic matter (13.4 g/kg) and available nitrogen (93.99 mg/kg) content were significantly elevated under 40% of inorganic fertilizer substitute by straw (S3) treatment. Soil total nitrogen (0.90 g/kg), available phosphorus (2.94 mg/kg), and available potassium (224.97 mg/kg) content were significantly higher under S3, 30 and 40% inorganic fertilizer substitute by straw and cattle manure combination (MS2 and MS3). The highest DOC content (15.45 mg/kg) occurred under S3, while highest DON content (12.88 mg/kg) appeared under MS2. The highest aromaticity index was under MS2. In sum, the organic material substitution different inorganic fertilizer was benefit to improve soil properties. Therein, 40% of inorganic fertilizer substitute by straw alone or 30 - 40% of it substitute by straw and cattle manure combination was the optimum ratio in Fluvo-aquic soil in Henan province.

  Rapid Detection of Cadmium in Raw Stolephorus commersonnii Material Based on X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Jiang Cheng,Yang Lixia,Qiu Huali,Xu Ruixin,Zhou Jinsha and Qiu Zhipeng 2017, 33 (29):  125-130.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17070009 Abstract + ( 595 )   To establish a rapid detection method based on X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for cadmium (Cd) in raw Stolephorus commersonnii material (raw fish material).[methods]Cd content of raw fish material in original state and dry state were measured rapidly by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and the correlation of the measurements by rapid detection method was compared with that of the measurements by standard method; The feasibility of quick drying method for processing raw fish material was evaluated; X-ray fluorescence spectrometer was calibrated with the measured value by standard method; then the performance parameters of the rapid method, such as the precision, detection limit, accuracy, etc. were studied. [results]X-ray fluorescence spectrometer achieved rapid detection for Cd content of raw fish material in dry state. The detection limit of the rapid method was 0.088 mg/kg, the linear range was 0.088-1.286 mg/kg,the relative standard deviation was less than 10%. [conclusion]Moreover, this rapid detection method took only about 40 minutes to determinate a sample, could meet the requirement of rapid on-site detection of Cd, and offer an efficient screening tool to prevent and control the Cd risk of exceeding the national standard in food made from raw fish material.

  Therapeutic Effect of Ozonized Olive Oil on Different Degrees of Cow Endometritis Jiao Jinglin,Wang Xiangguo,Qi Xiaolong,Chang Di,Zhang Jinzhao,Jia Qiyuan,Mu Qiuling,Li Qiuming,Guo Yong and Ni Hemin 2017, 33 (29):  130-134.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16100036 Abstract + ( 768 )   [Objective] In view of the environmental pollution and drug resistance caused by antibiotics, a kind of disinfectant, which is ozonized olive oil based on the sterilization theory of Ozone was developed. [Method]According to the earlier result of the isolation and identification of bacteria, and drug sensitivity test of endometritis uterine contents from endometritis dairy cows in neighboring regions of Beijing, florfenicol, doxycycline hydrochloride and vinegar acid chlorhexidine were designed as control, ozonized olive oil as test to investigate the therapeutic effects of 368 dairy cattle with different degrees of endometritis. At the same time, in order to verify the damage to the endometrium of the olive oil, the mouse uterus perfusion test was carried out. [Results] There was no significant difference in effective rate between ozonized olive oil group and antibiotic drugs on therapeutic effect of catarrhal and purulent endometritis (P>0.05). As for purulent endometritis was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), but no significant difference in the cure rate(P>0.05). [Conclusion] The ozonized olive oil can replace antibiotics in the prevention and treatment of catarrhal and mucinous endometritis to a certain degree.

  Preventing Frozen Disaster in Plastic Greenhouse in South China Wei Shasha,Li Qingbin,Sun Junbo,Yang Dong,Fu Guohuai and Zhang Haitian 2017, 33 (29):  135-139.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17030143 Abstract + ( 568 )   [Objective][Method] To explore the greenhouse warming effect of different insulation measures (Ⅰ: double-layer plastic-covered Warming lights Shaded net, Ⅱ: three-layer plastic-covered Shaded net) under the influence of strong cold wave, the comparative analysis of meteorological elements and crop growth status in the greenhouse in the south was carried out under different insulation measures. [Result] The results indicated that: greenhouse temperature could be increased by 8.6±2.5℃ and 6.2±1.1℃ when insulation measures Ⅰ and Ⅱ had been employed, respectively. When the outside temperature dropped to -5~0℃ below, the temperature of crop canopy (0.5 m) in double-layer and three-layer plastic-covered greenhouse could be increased by 6.1~6.5℃ and 6.9~7.2℃, respectively. [Conclusion] According to this result, a set of meteorological indexes and preventive measures of low temperature in greenhouse were set up. Based on the insulation performance analysis and physiological characteristics of greenhouse crops, the meteorological indicators and defensive technical measures were built to withstand low temperature freezing disaster for southern plastic greenhouses.

  Mixing Uniformity of Secondary Cut After Microwave Expanded Stem in Cigarettes Dong Gaofeng,Cai Wei,Yin Peipei,Wang Baoxing,Xie Zhiqiang,Yu Helong and He Zhijun 2017, 33 (29):  140-144.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16110093 Abstract + ( 744 )   【In order to determine the mixing ratio of microwave expanded stems(the cut stem prepared by microwave expanded and recutting technology) in cigarette and evaluate the mixing uniformity of it in cigarette. The cut tobacco of cigarette for brand A of three class was taken as background. The microwave expanded stems and cut tobacco (three class of A cigarette brand) were mixed with different ratios (0%-50%) and the NIRS (near infrared spectrum) were collected. The prediction model of NIRS was established by partial least square. The mixing ratio of microwave expanded stems in cigarette and in each part (each cigarette without filter was cut three equal sections) of cigarette were detected, respectively. The deviation of the mixing ratio of microwave expanded stems in cigarette and in each part of cigarette was calculated. And the mixing uniformity of microwave expanded stems in cigarette was also evaluated according to the deviation. The correlation coefficient of the model was 0.9986, the model had high forecast accuracy (RADP=1.72%) and good reproducibility (RSD<3%).So this model could be applied to fast determine mixing ratio of microwave expanded stems in cigarette for brand A of three class. The deviation of mixing uniformity for microwave expanded stems in cigarette and in each part of cigarette was less than2%.So the NIRS method could be applied to fast determine the mixing ratio of microwave expanded stems in cigarette and evaluate the mixing uniformity for microwave expanded stems in cigarette; The evaluation result indicated that the cut stem prepared by microwave expanded and recutting technology had fine mixing uniformity in cigarette.

  Ship Rocking Affecting Serum Biochemical Indexes of Spotted Knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus) Zhang Yulei and Guan Chongwu 2017, 33 (29):  145-149.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17020019 Abstract + ( 847 )   In order to deeply understand the stress response and adaptation of sea fish under ship-rocking condition, provide basic data and technical support for design of deep sea aquaculture farming platform, serum biochemical indexes of spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus) under different ship rocking periods and duration were studied by using of a mechanical rocking platform. The results showed that (1) under the short time stress condition (5 min), there was no significant difference between rocking period of 10 s/time group and normal group. But for rocking period 5 s/time group, content of serum glucose significantly decreased, content of cortisol and epinephrine significantly increased, contents of muscle glycogen and hepatic glycogen did not change apparently. (2) Under the long time rocking condition (60 min), there was no significant difference between rocking period 10 s/time group and 5 s/time group. But both of them had remarkable difference with normal group, of which content of serum glucose significantly decreased, contents of cortisol and epinephrine significantly increased, contents of muscle glycogen and hepatic glycogen did not change apparently. (3) Water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration did not change remarkably because of rocking. According to the test, short time and slight rocking would not have an effect on O. punctatus. However, violent rocking would cause stress response of O. punctatus to some extent.

  Research Progress of Linpan in Chengdu Plain Liu Qin,Wang Yukuan,Guo Yingman and Peng Peihao 2017, 33 (29):  150-156.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16120019 Abstract + ( 1056 )   Linpan in Chengdu plain is as much the settlement pattern formed by farm house and the surrounding trees with integration of production, living, landscape and culture features. As the sustainable residential model, linpan were widely distributed in western sichuan plain, and fully reflecting the interaction between human and environment. In recent years, with the destruction of linpan by human beings, government departments and scientific research scholars have devote a great deal of attention and research. The authors summarize and analyze its research progress about the connotation, evolution rule, value characteristic, protection and development, and the study emphasis been put forward. Through these researches and the practices, we can provide basis for linpan. protection and reformation, and provide a demonstration for domestic related researches, as well as scientific guidance for the new ecological rural and town construction.

  Characteristics and Cultivation of New Type Agricultural Management Subjects in Ethnic Minority Regions: Based on 14 Prefectures in Xinjiang Wang Xiaowei,Tian Conghua and Miao Hongping 2017, 33 (29):  157-164.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17060009 Abstract + ( 601 )   【Objective】Against drought and minority regional social economy and agricultural development characteristic, proposed the Xinjiang New-style Agricultural Management Entities development ideas and approaches.【Method】Through to the Xinjiang 14 state, 72 county, city, district, questionnaires, and communicate with related personnel, and related literature data, understand Xinjiang New-style Agricultural Management Entities development characteristics, the new growth path and the existing problems.【Result】New-style Agricultural Management Entities has become the main force of modern agricultural development in Xinjiang, but the land circulation, brand building, sales channels, information source also has many problems, many aspects of policy support is needed.【Conclusion】To horticulture, characteristic industry and processing industry as the breakthrough point, in order to improve the quality of agricultural products and agricultural supply side reform as the core, from the development of moderate scale, speed up the reform of land ownership, cultivate emerging professional farmers, establish operators exit into the mechanism, precision poverty reduction combined with a new subject cultivation, accelerating rural industrial convergence development of ways to foster New-style Agricultural Management Entities.