Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling on Growth of Banana and Papaya Seedlings

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0232

Abstract

Abstract:

This experiment analyzed the effects of the coupling of different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content ratios and the substrate relative water content on the growth of banana and papaya seedlings, to provide a theoretical basis for the conservation-oriented and precision seedling cultivation. Heeling-in seedlings of ‘Brazil’ banana and ‘Zihui’ papaya were used as experimental materials. Twelve interactive combination treatments (T1-T12) was carried out from four levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content ratio and three levels of the substrate relative water content by two-factor randomized block design method, and the traditional irrigation and fertilization treatment was used as control (CK). Effects of different treatments on plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf SPAD value, leaf area, shoot dry weight, total root length, root surface area, average root diameter and root tip number were studied, and shoot growth indicators were analyzed by PCA comprehensive evaluation. In the experiment on banana seedlings, T6 treatment had the most obvious effect on plant height, leaf area, shoot dry weight, total root length, root surface area and root average diameter. T1 treatment had the largest stem diameter. The leaf number was the largest in T1, T5 and T6 treatments, which were 7.60 leaves. T5 treatment had the highest leaf SPAD value. T7 treatment had the largest root tip number. The order of PCA comprehensive evaluation scores of shoot growth indicators was T6> T5> T1> T2> T10> T3> T9> T7> T11> T12> T4> T8> CK. In the experiment on papaya seedlings, T10 treatment had the most significant effect on plant height, leaf area, leaf number and shoot dry weight. The leaf number and shoot dry weight in T9 treatment were consistent with T10 treatment, and the total root length, root surface area and root tip number were most significantly increased. The leaf SPAD value and the average root diameter were largest in T11 and T2 treatments, respectively. The order of PCA comprehensive evaluation scores of shoot growth indicators was T10> T9> T1> T11> T6> T3> T2> T5> T7> CK> T12> T8> T4. The optimum ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content for cultivating seedlings of banana and papaya was 20:10:20, and the optimum substrate relative water content was 80% and 70%, respectively.

Key words: banana, papaya, water and fertilizer coupling, growth and development, nutrition absorption

ZHOU Chenping, LIN Wei, YANG Min, KUANG Ruibin, WU Xiaming, GUO Jinju, HUANG Bingxiong, WEI Yuerong. Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling on Growth of Banana and Papaya Seedlings[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(10): 68-75.

Figures/Tables 8

References 34

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处理	株高/cm	茎粗/mm	叶片数	叶片SPAD值	叶面积/cm²	地上部干重/g
T1	15.34±0.15ab	13.22±0.29a	7.60±0.24a	40.32±2.43abc	79.00±1.14abc	0.92±0.06abc
T2	15.28±0.37ab	12.74±0.41ab	7.40±0.24ab	35.92±4.04abc	68.20±2.42bcd	0.99±0.05ab
T3	13.70±0.23cd	12.76±0.36ab	6.80±0.20bc	43.24±3.35a	52.20±2.91d	0.80±0.07bcd
T4	11.60±0.15e	10.61±0.38de	6.00±0.32de	42.54±2.30ab	47.40±3.54d	0.75±0.06bcd
T5	15.48±0.21ab	12.24±0.45abc	7.60±0.24a	46.38±0.88a	88.00±5.76ab	1.04±0.08ab
T6	15.72±0.26a	12.42±0.37ab	7.60±0.24a	43.68±2.50a	94.60±4.57a	1.11±0.02a
T7	13.08±0.34d	12.74±0.27ab	5.80±0.20e	42.72±1.42ab	65.80±6.31bcd	0.94±0.08ab
T8	11.64±0.32e	11.02±0.18de	5.80±0.20e	38.72±1.67abc	50.40±4.92d	0.63±0.03cde
T9	13.32±0.31d	11.21±0.42cde	6.60±0.24cd	27.66±4.44c	60.20±4.84cd	0.98±0.04ab
T10	14.54±0.28bc	11.65±0.24bcd	6.60±0.24cd	32.44±1.64abc	81.00±5.3abc	1.04±0.06ab
T11	12.88±0.76d	11.68±0.26bcd	6.20±0.20cde	35.58±4.21abc	60.80±3.97cd	0.84±0.10abcd
T12	13.08±0.26d	10.43±0.50e	5.80±0.20e	33.84±2.34abc	50.60±0.40d	0.61±0.02de
CK	11.73±0.20e	8.93±0.23f	5.75±0.23e	28.80±2.82bc	63.75±2.32cd	0.43±0.05e

处理	株高/cm	茎粗/mm	叶片数	叶片SPAD值	叶面积/cm²	地上部干重/g
T1	15.34±0.15ab	13.22±0.29a	7.60±0.24a	40.32±2.43abc	79.00±1.14abc	0.92±0.06abc
T2	15.28±0.37ab	12.74±0.41ab	7.40±0.24ab	35.92±4.04abc	68.20±2.42bcd	0.99±0.05ab
T3	13.70±0.23cd	12.76±0.36ab	6.80±0.20bc	43.24±3.35a	52.20±2.91d	0.80±0.07bcd
T4	11.60±0.15e	10.61±0.38de	6.00±0.32de	42.54±2.30ab	47.40±3.54d	0.75±0.06bcd
T5	15.48±0.21ab	12.24±0.45abc	7.60±0.24a	46.38±0.88a	88.00±5.76ab	1.04±0.08ab
T6	15.72±0.26a	12.42±0.37ab	7.60±0.24a	43.68±2.50a	94.60±4.57a	1.11±0.02a
T7	13.08±0.34d	12.74±0.27ab	5.80±0.20e	42.72±1.42ab	65.80±6.31bcd	0.94±0.08ab
T8	11.64±0.32e	11.02±0.18de	5.80±0.20e	38.72±1.67abc	50.40±4.92d	0.63±0.03cde
T9	13.32±0.31d	11.21±0.42cde	6.60±0.24cd	27.66±4.44c	60.20±4.84cd	0.98±0.04ab
T10	14.54±0.28bc	11.65±0.24bcd	6.60±0.24cd	32.44±1.64abc	81.00±5.3abc	1.04±0.06ab
T11	12.88±0.76d	11.68±0.26bcd	6.20±0.20cde	35.58±4.21abc	60.80±3.97cd	0.84±0.10abcd
T12	13.08±0.26d	10.43±0.50e	5.80±0.20e	33.84±2.34abc	50.60±0.40d	0.61±0.02de
CK	11.73±0.20e	8.93±0.23f	5.75±0.23e	28.80±2.82bc	63.75±2.32cd	0.43±0.05e

处理	株高/cm	茎粗/mm	叶片数	叶片SPAD值	叶面积/cm²	地上部干重/g
T1	13.98±0.18bc	3.63±0.05ab	7.75±0.25ab	28.98±4.11ab	13.50±0.65c	0.17±0.01ab
T2	13.55±0.19cd	3.52±0.02bc	7.50±0.29ab	28.18±2.56ab	12.00±0.41d	0.16±0.01bc
T3	13.08±0.06de	3.89±0.02a	7.50±0.29ab	27.63±1.94ab	12.00±0.41d	0.16±0.02bc
T4	10.98±0.11g	3.49±0.08bc	7.25±0.25ab	21.93±1.48b	11.25±0.48def	0.14±0.03bcd
T5	13.18±0.13d	3.47±0.14bc	7.75±0.25ab	25.22±2.16ab	11.75±0.48de	0.16±0.01bc
T6	14.18±0.13b	3.32±0.11bc	7.50±0.29ab	30.48±3.48ab	10.50±0.29ef	0.16±0.01bc
T7	12.53±0.25ef	3.66±0.03ab	7.25±0.25ab	29.80±3.19ab	11.00±0.41def	0.15±0.01bc
T8	12.13±0.09f	3.24±0.06c	7.00±0.00b	25.58±1.87ab	10.25±0.25f	0.11±0.01d
T9	14.53±0.20ab	3.89±0.16a	8.00±0.41a	27.28±0.67ab	15.50±0.29ab	0.20±0.01a
T10	14.98±0.31a	3.65±0.06ab	8.00±0.00a	29.80±1.64ab	16.00±0.41a	0.20±0.01a
T11	12.48±0.30ef	3.93±0.21a	7.75±0.25ab	30.73±0.57a	14.50±0.29bc	0.16±0.01bc
T12	12.08±0.32f	3.39±0.05bc	7.00±0.41b	29.85±3.19ab	12.00±0.41d	0.13±0.02cd
CK	13.30±0.09d	3.32±0.17bc	7.25±0.25ab	28.23±3.44ab	11.50±0.65def	0.14±0.01bcd

处理	株高/cm	茎粗/mm	叶片数	叶片SPAD值	叶面积/cm²	地上部干重/g
T1	13.98±0.18bc	3.63±0.05ab	7.75±0.25ab	28.98±4.11ab	13.50±0.65c	0.17±0.01ab
T2	13.55±0.19cd	3.52±0.02bc	7.50±0.29ab	28.18±2.56ab	12.00±0.41d	0.16±0.01bc
T3	13.08±0.06de	3.89±0.02a	7.50±0.29ab	27.63±1.94ab	12.00±0.41d	0.16±0.02bc
T4	10.98±0.11g	3.49±0.08bc	7.25±0.25ab	21.93±1.48b	11.25±0.48def	0.14±0.03bcd
T5	13.18±0.13d	3.47±0.14bc	7.75±0.25ab	25.22±2.16ab	11.75±0.48de	0.16±0.01bc
T6	14.18±0.13b	3.32±0.11bc	7.50±0.29ab	30.48±3.48ab	10.50±0.29ef	0.16±0.01bc
T7	12.53±0.25ef	3.66±0.03ab	7.25±0.25ab	29.80±3.19ab	11.00±0.41def	0.15±0.01bc
T8	12.13±0.09f	3.24±0.06c	7.00±0.00b	25.58±1.87ab	10.25±0.25f	0.11±0.01d
T9	14.53±0.20ab	3.89±0.16a	8.00±0.41a	27.28±0.67ab	15.50±0.29ab	0.20±0.01a
T10	14.98±0.31a	3.65±0.06ab	8.00±0.00a	29.80±1.64ab	16.00±0.41a	0.20±0.01a
T11	12.48±0.30ef	3.93±0.21a	7.75±0.25ab	30.73±0.57a	14.50±0.29bc	0.16±0.01bc
T12	12.08±0.32f	3.39±0.05bc	7.00±0.41b	29.85±3.19ab	12.00±0.41d	0.13±0.02cd
CK	13.30±0.09d	3.32±0.17bc	7.25±0.25ab	28.23±3.44ab	11.50±0.65def	0.14±0.01bcd

处理	总长度/cm	表面积/cm²	平均直径/mm	根尖数
T1	229.68±13.15d	72.78±5.29d	1.02±0.08abc	1320.00±154.68b
T2	236.51±20.62cd	73.19±5.50d	1.00±0.09abc	1422.20±415.15b
T3	337.26±45.06bcd	79.33±11.85d	0.75±0.03c	1345.20±252.61b
T4	335.20±26.61bcd	86.38±8.96cd	0.82±0.05bc	1605.60±280.78ab
T5	316.74±45.44bcd	92.77±5.42cd	0.97±0.09abc	1975.40±265.23ab
T6	631.64±70.91a	196.44±19.86a	1.29±0.07a	1606.40±253.51ab
T7	474.02±62.79ab	177.51±28.17ab	1.18±0.09ab	2608.50±325.23a
T8	443.79±46.89ab	162.32±15.62ab	1.17±0.06ab	2319.00±352.97ab
T9	336.17±23.42bcd	134.42±7.12abcd	1.01±0.10abc	1729.20±137.18ab
T10	377.02±22.63bcd	151.30±17.22abc	1.27±0.07a	2081.20±377.93ab
T11	381.19±43.89bcd	125.01±5.98bcd	1.08±0.08abc	2321.40±305.43ab
T12	437.16±46.57abc	129.70±16.00abcd	0.95±0.07abc	1650.40±297.08ab
CK	234.62±12.88d	74.11±2.65d	1.01±0.04abc	1575.25±547.47ab