Current issue

• 2004 Vol.20 No.5 Published:05 October 2004

  目次

  The Primitive Study of Inducing Postnatal Dairy Cattle’s Heating and Breeding by Colostrum Li Qingwang, Hu Jianhong, Jiang Zhongliang, Wang Liqiang, Zhang Peijing, Zan Linsen 2004, 20 (5):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1820 )   PDF ( 1100759KB )   ( 619 ) In this experiment，author applied the postnatal colostrums of 1 hour ,24 hour and tris～hormone to induce the estrus or breeding for the postnatal high～yield dairy cattle。The postnatal high～yield dairy cattle was treated by the postnatal colostrums of 1 hour and 24 hour，the heating rate was 90.00% and 35% respectively. And after breeding，the conception rate separately was 38.75% and 41.67%. This results showed that the postnatal high～yield dairy cattle was treated by the postnatal colostrums of 1 hour , the heating rate was higher than that of colostrums of 24 hour (P<0.05). The difference was not remarkable (P>0.05) between the postnatal colostrums of 1 hour and 24 hour for the conception rate. To the heating rate and conception rate, the effects of the postnatal colostrums of 1 hour was same as that of the tris～hormone(P>0.05).

  INTERSPECIES NUCLEAR TRANSPLANTATION BETWEEN MOUSE AND RABBIT Wang Xinzhuang， Zhang Defang Zhang Yong Li Yuqiang Tian Wanqiang, 2004, 20 (5):  4-4.  Abstract + ( 1566 )   PDF ( 1324130KB )   ( 641 ) When mouse 2~8Cell stage embryo blastomeres used as nuclear donor, and rabbitoocytes 15h、17h past hCG used as cytoplasma recipient , the proper fuse and activation parameter of hybrid embryos were two DC pluse of μs 10 min interval in 0.3 mol/L manitol solution contain Ca2+、Mg2+. The fuse rate of moude blastomeres from 2 or 4—Cell Stage embryos and enucleated rabbit oocytes were higher thawn those from 8—Cell stage embryos (83%,80%vs.62.5%) ,the morulae and blastocysts yate were no significantly difference, Co—culture with somatic cell and Taurine could significantly improve the developmental awbility of mouse-rabbit nucleo-cytoplawsmic hybrid embryos .

  The Measure of GH and INS and Analysis of Body Measurement and Weight of Qinchuan Cattle Meng Yan Zan Linsen Liang Hongwei Zhu Guiming 2004, 20 (5):  9-9.  Abstract + ( 1671 )   PDF ( 1109490KB )   ( 713 ) select 14 QinChuan cattles at random (1.5 year old female and male cattle 4 respectively; 2.0 year old female and male cattle 3 respectively). According to sex, we divide them into two groups. Then we measure their body length, height at wither, breast depth, breast circumstance, hip with and weight, and analysis them. The results show: At 1.5 years old, the hormone level of GH and INS appear difference unremarkably (p>0.05). At 2.0 years old, the hormone level of GH and INS appear difference remarkably (p<0.05). And with the age growing, the GH level appear to descend while INS level appear to ascend. INS and GH level present negative correlation clearly (p>0.05). Analyzing the body composition index, we discovery at 2.0 year old QinChuan Cattle’ breast circumstance is wider , hip grows clearly, body growth rate is relatively slow. But growth rate of muscle is relatively quick. It correspond with the meat cattle growth rules and middle maturity or late maturity characters of Qinchuan Cattle. Comparing the actual weight with partition standard of economic performance, we discovery Qinchuan Catttle still belongs to beef and farm breed. But with present selecting and cultivating present years, Qinchuan Cattle’s weight add greatly.

  Effect of Glutamine on Post Embronic Development of Central Lymphic Organ in Broilers Li Shenghe, Wu Liang, Zhang Chengfei, Wang Jue, Gu Youfang, Jin Guangming, Xu Wanxiang 2004, 20 (5):  12-12.  Abstract + ( 1501 )   PDF ( 1262944KB )   ( 707 ) 160 one day old Avian broiler chickens were randomly divided into four groups, and fed the basal diet supplemented 0%、0.2%、0.4% and 0.8% Gln for 28 days. Six chickens in each group and total 24 were selected and slaughtered on the weekend till fourth week. The thymus and bursa of Fabricius were obtained, weighted and fixed by Bouin liquid, made into paraffin section, stained with HE, observed by microscope and photographed by micro-projector. Studied the effect of dietary Gln (Glutamine) supplementation on post embronic development of central lymphic organs in broiler chickens. The result:（1）Compared with the control group, there was a significant difference（P<0.05）among the thymus weight of experiment 3 of one and four-week age, that of experiment 2 of two and four-week age and the weight of bursa of Fabricius of experiment 2 of one, two and four-week age, and that of experiment 3 of four-week age. There was a most signifcant difference（P<0.01） between the weight of thymus of experiment 3 of two-week age and that of control group, the weight of bursa of Fabricius of experiment 3 of one and two-week age as well. （2）The thymic lobule of experiment group increased, the thymic cortex incrassated and the lymphocyte became coarctate, the portion of thymic medulla decreased and thymic corpuscle enlarged and increased. The lymph follicule in plica of bursa of Fabricius of experiment group added, in contrast, that of control group of four-week age was greatly decreased. The cortex of bursa of Fabricius incrassated with the lymphocyte in lymph follicule increased. The most obvious effect was showed on the experiment supplemented 0.8% Gln. The result shows that diet supplemented Gln could obviously boost the post emronic development of central lymphic organ in broiler chickens. In addition, Gln could retard the degenerating in central lympic organ, especially in bursa of Fabricius. At the point of tissue structure, Gln could promote the proliferation and differentiation of T and B lymphocyte, and the post embronic development of central lymphic organ, furthermore enhanced immune functions of organism by this means.

  Advance of Embryo Bio-technology in Goat and Sheep Yu Xueli Zan Linsen LiYinghua 2004, 20 (5):  17-17.  Abstract + ( 1518 )   PDF ( 1202261KB )   ( 781 ) The advance of embryo bio-technology in goat and sheep was introduced which includes embryo transfer (ET), embryo cryopreservation, embryo splitting, embryo sex control and In Vitro fertilization (IVF).

  Modification of the S1 nuclease Mutation Detection Li Chunyu, Wang Tao , Liang Benguo and Li Guangchen 2004, 20 (5):  21-21.  Abstract + ( 1228 )   PDF ( 953604KB )   ( 716 ) Functional genomics require high-throughput mutation detection and S1 nuclease mutation detection is one of them, which has the advantages of low-cost and rapidness. But it is difficult to conquer the reaction and some perfectly matched sequence also will be degraded non-specificly. In this paper, the targeted mutagenesis promoter of chlorophyll a/b binding protein was exemplified, the procedure was streamlined and the cause of degrading duplex DNA by S1 nuclease non-specificly had also been elucidated.

  A progress of studies on development and functions of border cell Xu Gendi, Liu Peng, Zhou Zhihua 2004, 20 (5):  28-28.  Abstract + ( 1462 )   PDF ( 1273147KB )   ( 706 ) Border cells, which shed from root cap and deposit in the periphery of roots, are some uniquely differentiated cells. They play crucial roles during the plant’s growth and development. This paper gives a summary of the progress of studies on characteristics of border cells, development of border cells and physiological functions. The prospect of the development of border cells has been forecasted.

  Isolation Leaf Disks Culture and High Efficient Plantlet Regeneration of Kalanchoe Blossfeldianna Chen Yuliang, Zhi Xiaogang, ZhangYanping, Zhang Zhengying 2004, 20 (5):  33-33.  Abstract + ( 1508 )   PDF ( 949676KB )   ( 689 ) The research on isolation leaves disk culture isolate induced that the system of high efficient plantlet regeneration of was available. Though adding of hormones, the results indicated that hormone combination with 6-BA2.5 mg/L, NAA0.5 mg/L frequency inducting of callus was 86.6%, and the regeneration rate was 83.3%. It is notability affect to the regeneration of the explants when the leaf disk surfaces were kept contacted with culture medium. Add of the solution of AgNO3（4.0mg/L）to the medium at the leaf disk inoculation stage effect directly the shoot regeneration, while markedly increased shoot regeneration frequency at the time after callus formation. The regenerated shoots rooted easily in vitro and the resulted plants grew normally after transplanting in pots.

  Studies on the Changes of Growth Rate and Some Main Nutritional Components in Jinqiu Pear Fruits during Maturation Lu Jinhai, Wu Xianjin, Zhou Shuwei, Xiao hong and Xiao Qinqin 2004, 20 (5):  35-35.  Abstract + ( 1856 )   PDF ( 904660KB )   ( 764 ) The changes of growth rate, soluble sugar, organic acid, vitamin C, soluble solids, edible part and water content were studied in Jinqiu pear during its maturation. The results were as follows: The fruit growth rate have three peaks：the first when forty days after anthesis, the second when 82d after anthesis, the third when 131d after anthesis; the reducing sugar and non-reducing sugar content showed no difference on the whole before 110d after anthesis, but evidently trends of changes after 110d after anthesis, the reducing sugar content decreased gradually, the non-reducing content increased gradually; the content of organic acid increased gradually before 124d after anthesis , but decreased gradually after 124d days after anthesis; the change of vitamin C content showed a “V” shape curve, vitamin C content decreased gradually before 96d after anthesis , but increased gradually after 96d after anthesis. Soluble solids、 eatable part and water content increased gradually with the fruit maturing.

  Genetic analysis for yield characters in yellow-seeded rapeseed lines (Brassica napus. L) Wang Rui, Li Jiana, Tang Zhanglin, Chen Li , Zhang Xuekun 2004, 20 (5):  37-37.  Abstract + ( 1593 )   PDF ( 913958KB )   ( 668 ) A complete diallel analysis of seven yellow-seeded rapeseed lines which come from different sources by using the genetic model of additive-dominant-maternal was carried out. The results indicated that the additive effects and the dominant effects mainly controlled the yield characters. Environment effect has some influences on yield characters. While maternal effect has little influence on it. Genetic analysis showed that the additive effect, the dominant effect was significance at 0.01 level for yield per plant of y4, y3×y5 respectively.

  Effects of NAA and PP333 on the Quality of Bottle Plants of Solanum muricatum Ait Zhai Jinsheng, Chang Xingya, Zhang Jun 2004, 20 (5):  39-39.  Abstract + ( 1687 )   PDF ( 930946KB )   ( 887 ) The stem sections of Solanum muricatum Ait were cultured in the MS mediums supplemented with different concentrations of NAA and PP333. The results showed that certain concentration of NAA could promote the bottle plants growing roots, buds and forming callus, the best concentration was 0.1~0.5 mg/L. Certain concentration of PP333 could promote the bottle plants growing roots, making strong and checking inter node growth, the best concentration was 0.1mg/L. The treated plants had flourishing root system and leaves, strong stems, being easy to survive after transplanting.

  Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens Obtained transgenetic Japonica plant Liu Yongwei, Meng Qiaoxia, Dang Yongzhi, Meng Zhaohe, Li Chunguang, Liu Guoquan 2004, 20 (5):  41-41.  Abstract + ( 1737 )   PDF ( 1159999KB )   ( 960 ) The varieties are Kongyu131, Kenjiandao6 and Kenjiandao7 of Oryza stiva L subsup. Japonica. Agrobacterium tumefaciens infected maturate embryo of rice in order to induce callus. By this way, waxy gene can be transferred into accepted materials. After twice resistance selection, transgenetic seeding can be obtained in differentiation culture medium. Transgenetic plant is dyed by GUS and be identified by PCR, which can testify that exterior gene has been transferred into Japonica plant.

  The Development of Identification for the Genes of Pre-harvest Sprouting of Wheat Using Comparative Molecular Genetics Yang Zefeng, Zhang Feng, Gu Shiliang, Li Tao, Xu Chen-wu 2004, 20 (5):  50-50.  Abstract + ( 2206 )   PDF ( 1323807KB )   ( 878 ) Using the molecular genetics information from model crops as the foundation of the complicated organism genomes is the regular method for modern molecular genetics. We have introduced the developments of the seed sprouting of some model organism, such as arabidopsis, maize and rice. We also summarized the molecular genetic researches of pre-harvest sprouting for wheat. And then we analyzed that it is feasible to use ABI3 gene from arabidopsis and Vp-1 gene from maize as the candidate genes of pre-harvest sprouting in wheat using method of comparative molecular genetics. This analysis was based on the colinearity of the genomes between wheat and some model organisms.

  The Relation Between Chlorine of Flue-cured Tobacco and Other Nutrient Wen Mingxia, Yi shilai, Li Xueping, Shi Xiaojun, Guan Boqian 2004, 20 (5):  62-62.  Abstract + ( 1787 )   PDF ( 1140967KB )   ( 831 ) The research progress on the relation between chlorine of flue-cured tobacco and other nutrient was summarized in the article：chlorine stimulate the absorption of K+、Ca2+、Mg2+ and inhibit the absorption of NO3-、H2PO4-、SO42-,then, the further outlook on the direction of study in the future was put forward.

  The Decision Method about the Main Factor in Path Model of Causality Sun Quan de 2004, 20 (5):  65-65.  Abstract + ( 1266 )   PDF ( 1100098KB )   ( 563 ) By the path model presenting the causality within independent variables, the paper analyzed the merit and demerit of classic method when deciding main factor. This method, comparing total of effect and totally decided level, is confirmed in theory and practice.

  The advantage of the Mulberry Using in the forestry’s Sustainable Development Wang Jun, Ma Shuangma, Gao Yujun, Li Xiaoyin, Song Yongxue 2004, 20 (5):  72-72.  Abstract + ( 1538 )   PDF ( 1031998KB )   ( 732 ) Mulberry has great capability in bearing bad conditions. It can grow 1~1.5m in 5 months in Fengning County where the weather is drought, cold, wind and sand are strong. The mulberry forest can become in one year. So planting mulberries can gain great benefit for the environment. 15 kg. mulberry leaves can be transformed into 1 kg. fresh cocoons in one month, which cost 8~10 yuan, the cycle is short, but the economic profits is high. The mulberry leaf’s nutrition is abundant. The protein content is same as double of wheat’s. Mulberry leaves can be used as critter and fowl’s food, and mulberry and silkworm are both have medicine component and can be processed into hygienical food and medicine. So the society profits is high. Therefore mulberry has much predominance in the sustainable development of forestry.

  Analysis on the characteristic and Exploitable Prospects of National authorized Wheat Varity YanZhan 4110 Cao Tingjie, Zhao Hong, Wang Xicheng,Yang Hui 2004, 20 (5):  77-77.  Abstract + ( 1983 )   PDF ( 1301446KB )   ( 722 ) Tests in many years and places showed that Yanzhan 4110 is a high and steady yield, wide adaptability wheat variety. Its average yield is 7.98 percent more than that of contrast Yumai18. It has many good characters such as more tillers, more harvested ears, higher 1000 kernel weight, proportional three elements of yield, ideal trunk, good resistance against disadvantage circumstance and so on. It can be widely planted in the southern area of Huanghuai wheat Zone and Henna Province.

  Research Progress on Anther Culture Breeding in Early Japonica Rice in Cold Region Feng Yashu, Liu Chunxue, Zhang Lanmin, Wang Ruiying, Zhang Shuhua, Guan Shiwu, Zhang Yunjiang 2004, 20 (5):  82-82.  Abstract + ( 1679 )   PDF ( 1298799KB )   ( 603 ) Through the study of 1200 flowers of 400 young ear of 49 combinations, a concrete index judging the period of the pollen development according to the shape of plant and flowers was put forward; and the way of shift the efficiency of anther culture by low-temperature pretreatment and two shapes and two layers culture method. On the anther culture breeding hereditary laws, through the study to the plant height and the resistance to leaf blast, the result showed that The distribution of H2 is inclined to the late-maturing, high stalk and disease-resistant, namely inclined to the parent's dominant characters, but the distribution of F2 is even and symmetrical, among of them the proportion of the early-maturing, short stem and sense disease plants was higher than F2. In selecting efficiency, the efficiency of the variety popularized by the anther culture is 0.93%, 3.32 times of 0.28% of that by conventional way in the same time. Now by anther culture method had been bred 8 varieties, show outstanding characters such as quality, resisting and yield. In this paper, also discussed the future developing direction in rice anther culture breeding.

  The study on marcottage of pistillate plants of Castor on different time Li Wenchang, Jiang Huiqiong, Xu NinGsheng, Zhang Xushun 2004, 20 (5):  87-87.  Abstract + ( 1583 )   PDF ( 1075995KB )   ( 599 ) Castor (Ricinus communis) is monoecism crop with few pistillate plants without male flowers and propagation, which can not be produced hybrid seed.The suitable marcottage time in open field in Kunming was found in this paper by the study of different time of marcottage of pistillate plants of castor. By asexual propagation of pistillate plants, the pistillate plants are propagated without maintainer lines, and is maintained male sterile, which can be used in hybrid seed production.

  The Techniques about High-yielding Hybrid Seed Production and Pureness Control for Hybrid Rice Yixiang 1577 Bao Lingfeng, Lin Gang, Zhao Deming, Li Yunwu 2004, 20 (5):  90-90.  Abstract + ( 1366 )   PDF ( 1125206KB )   ( 711 ) We have carried out the study of hybrid seed production of Yixiang1577 and its parents’ characteristics. By the study of hybrid-seed-production and pureness-control techniques for hybrid rice Yixiang1577, we have made conclusions about how to arrange distance days between the dropping seeds of female parent and male parent, the usage of “920” for parents and the using time. As a result, we have had a suit of technique and measures for hybrid-seed-production and pureness -control techniques for hybrid rice Yixiang1577.

  The Target and Tactics of Glutinous Corn Breeding Sun Yizhen, Zhang Peizhong, Liu Yufen 2004, 20 (5):  93-93.  Abstract + ( 1543 )   PDF ( 1150221KB )   ( 585 ) By sketching out the status quo and problems in the glutinous corn breeding, this paper aims at the target of glutinous Corn Breeding: high quality, strong resistance to plant diseases and insect pests, with new varieties to meet the demands of the market, It also discusses the tactics and suggests some corresponding methods on the self- breeding and hybrids On the basis of the principles of corn breeding and genetics.

  Discussion on Systematic Cultivation Techniques for Quality Glutenous Wheat in Province Shaanxi Guan Chong-mei, Xu Zhi-ying Guan Xiao-yan 2004, 20 (5):  96-96.  Abstract + ( 1623 )   PDF ( 1145945KB )   ( 698 ) Guanzhong District and Weibei wheat production area of Shaanxi province are selected as specialized geological sections for high quality wheat production in China. Glutenous wheat contains 2% to 5% of protein more than common wheat, while the content depends largely on cultivation. Based on the analysis of the requisites of glutenous wheat in China, the developmental advantages of the wheat in Shaanxi province and the major factors limiting the qualities of glutenous wheat, the paper put forward the systematic cultivation techniques, showing the great significance for the increase of quality and quantity of glutenous wheat, for the enlargement of total protein amount of the society and the improvement of people’s living standards.

  Effects of N，P and K Fertilizer Amount on Rice Grain Amylose Content and Starch Viscosity Properties Xu Dayong, Jin Jun, Hu Suyun, Wang Xiehong, Gao Yun, Zhu Qingsen 2004, 20 (5):  99-99.  Abstract + ( 1695 )   PDF ( 1127455KB )   ( 761 ) Effects of N, P and K fertilizer amount on rice grain amylose content and starch viscosity properties were studied with pot and field experiments. The results indicated that the amylose content, peak viscosity and breakdown were decreased, while setback and consistency were increased when nitrogen application was increased. P fertilizer showed no obvious effect on amylose content, the effects on peak viscosity, breakdown, setback and consistence were varied with varieties. The amylose content, peak viscosity, breakdown of all three varieties got high, their setback and consistence got lower with the increasing amount of K fertilizer. The interaction of NPK fertilizer, and NPK fertilizer to varieties on those quality characters was significant. Reducing N fertilizer and increasing K fertilizer were useful to improve rice cooking and eating quality.

  Comparisons of Filling Characteristics and Source-Sink Relationship between Liaoyou 1052 and its Parents Ma Lianju,, Lu Wenyan, Cui Xinfu, Cao Ping, Zhu Caiyun, Zhang Baoshi 2004, 20 (5):  103-103.  Abstract + ( 1461 )   PDF ( 1189897KB )   ( 571 ) Different treatments of reducing source and reducing sink were carried out on hybridize rice Liaoyou1052 with big erect panicle and its parents sterile line 105B and restored line C52. Characteristics of grains filling of rice varieties with big panicle were studied. The results showed that the three varieties were all source-limiting types and existed two processes in grain filling. The grain-filling processes had a big difference between the superior grains and inferior grains in the same rice variety. The sterile line 105B had a small average grain weight and the difference between superior and inferior grains was small. The source-sink inconsistency was moderate, but the difference was bigger between hybrids and restores line C52. Reducing source could decrease the source-sink inconsistency and raise the average grain weight for source-limiting type, but reducing the sink had an opposite result.

  The Bread Selection of High Yield And Good Quality of Yu Mai 56 Ma Xianghua, Wang Baolin, Zhou Qiufeng, Zhao Yu’an 2004, 20 (5):  107-107.  Abstract + ( 1294 )   PDF ( 995753KB )   ( 691 ) With the development of living condition and consumptive level of peoples,we analyzed the conditions of wheat germplasm and the breeding objectives of high yield and good quality were carried out for crop cultivation of two measures in one year.Followed this breeding objectives,its parents were selected and crossed by means of sexual hybridization between good quality variety Zhengzhou 891,high yield variety Zhoumai 8836 and good agronomic characteristics variety Jimai 5418.After several years,we bred Yumai 56(Zhengyou 6),this variety has some good characteristics such as high grain,strong stem,high yield,good quality,disease-resistant and so on.

  Studies on Selection and Breeding of New Sweet Potato Variety Quanshu 23 Lu Xinjian 2004, 20 (5):  109-109.  Abstract + ( 1193 )   PDF ( 1127569KB )   ( 551 ) Quanshu23 developed from Jinshang57×Quanshu511 in 1996.The new variety performed high and stable yield, superior quality, resistance to Fusarrium Oxysporum f.sp.batatas and Psendomonas Solanacearum Smits and storability, approved by the Fujian Crop Variety Examination Committee in 2002. It is accumulated and plantd in Quan`gang, Hui’an, Jinjiang, Shishi, Xiapu, Jiaocheng and so on，and exhibited remarkable economical effectiveness.

  Effect of Limited Irrigation on Development and Yield of Cotton Liu Shengrong, Zhang Junjie, Li Baolai, Jia Tao 2004, 20 (5):  112-112.  Abstract + ( 1263 )   PDF ( 1125737KB )   ( 616 ) With the experiment method of combining simple hollow with field plots, the effect of development of cotton and its yield was studied preliminarily by irrigation amount per time. The results showed that through coordinating development progress, the irrigation promoted the cotton development at the right amount and right moment, the boll productivity increased in 0.9~1.8 per plant, boll weight increased in 0.23~0.39g, lint percent increased in 0.6~1.3% and total lint yield increased in 15.7%~28.1% compared with that of no irrigation growing field. Irrigation efficiency came to 0.26~0.44kg/m3. However, yield effect was not in direct proportion as amount of irrigation. The cotton overgrowth was coursed by over-irrigation, which reduced yield. According to economic effect, the irrigation amount, which is 450~675m3/hm2, is better from first-flowering time to height-flowering one.

  Identification and Screening of Agronomic Traits in Soybean Genetic Resources Zhang Caiying, Duan Huijun, Chang Wensuo, Zhang Lijuan, Li Xihuan 2004, 20 (5):  115-115.  Abstract + ( 1484 )   PDF ( 1062021KB )   ( 620 ) the comparison of agronomic traits of three hundred and sixteen varieties of soybean, from the growing-areas of Huanghuaihai, north China and south China, indicated that branches per plant, pods per branch and pods per plant of improved varieties were inferior to those of landraces of Hebei. But the other traits, such as pods of main stem, seed weight per plant, seed number per plant and 100-seed weight, were superior to those of the locales. The correlation analyses, by using the improved and landrace materials, respectively, showed that the significantly positive relations existed between pods of main stem, pods per branch, pods per plant and seeds per plant and seed weight per plant .The same striking positive relations also existed between node number of main stem and plant height, pods of main stem, pods per plant, seed weight per plant, seeds per plant. Besides, branches per plant was significantly or non-significantly positively related to pods of branch, pods per plant, seeds of single plant and seed weight per plant, but when comes to pods of main stem, the relation was opposite. There were significantly positive relations between seeds per plant and seed weight per plant, 100-seed weight and seed weight per plant, whereas negative between 100-seed weight and seeds per plant. Through comparison and analysis, some varieties with traits of minimum or maximum were screened out. These materials could be used as parents of soybean improvement and acceptors of transferring gene or resources of molecular marker mapping populations.

  Preliminary Results of Introduction Experiment of Sugarcane in Guizhou Gong Deyong, Zhou Zhengbang, Yi Daiyong, Liu Fanzhi, Xie Huijue 2004, 20 (5):  118-118.  Abstract + ( 1643 )   PDF ( 1155095KB )   ( 725 ) 15 new introduced sugarcane variety (Guitang16、17、18、19、Guifu97/18) were observed from the aspect of adaptability and used as samples of experiment in contrast with Guitang11 in sugarcane regions of Zhenfeng in Guizhou. The results showed that different climate and soil conditions in experiment region, made varieties show different production characters and yield standard, yield of sugarcane cane and sugar of 10 sugarcane varieties Guitang16, Guitang19, Guifu97/18, Yunzhe(89/07 89/157 89/351), Roc22, Roc2, 5Roc26, Mintant86/2121 surpass 108.89t/hm2 and 14.96t/hm2 of comparison variety, yield of sugarcane cane and sugar of other 5 varieties are lower than comparison variety.

  Study on the Best Seedtime of a Premature New Breed of Paddy New 90-3 and it’s Planting Outline Du Weijun, Wang Wencheng, Zhang Shengjing 2004, 20 (5):  122-122.  Abstract + ( 1243 )   PDF ( 969326KB )   ( 601 ) “New 90-3” is a very premature new breed of paddy. According to the trail of plant in jar，the best seedtime is between 10 May and 20 May. Under the circumstances of planting proper postponement，the seeding number per hole are not less than 7，the average of leaf laminas are 14，the elongate internodes are 5，and the leaves in the critical leaf age of valid tiller are 9.

  The Extension of a New Summer Millet Variety “Jigu 17” and the Practice of Industrialized Good Quality Millet Processing Liu Guibo，Qiao Renfu 2004, 20 (5):  124-124.  Abstract + ( 1479 )   PDF ( 1036059KB )   ( 573 ) The “Jigu 17 ” is a better millet variety of high-yield, good quality and good taste. By the year 2003, its accumulated extended area has reached 400,000 hm2 and some industrialized processing production has been conducted in accordance with “the green food” standard. A preliminary standardized cultivation and producing system has formed. In the process of the extension and industrialization there are still a few problems need further discussing.

  The Correlation and Path Analysis Traits in Maize Self-lines C8605-2 and Dan 9046 An Hongwei 2004, 20 (5):  134-134.  Abstract + ( 1564 )   PDF ( 1098207KB )   ( 629 ) C8605-2 and Dan 9046 were two maize self-lines of the same basis source. To analysis their nice main agronomic characters and yield per plant, the results showed that C8605-2and Dan 9046 each had large difference in coefficient of correlation and coefficient of path.

  Effects of Long-term Fertilization and Irrigation on Soil Nutrient Distribution in Profiles of Loess Soil Gu Qiaozhen, Yang Xueyun, Sun Benhua, Ma Lujun, Tong Yanan, Zhao Bingqiang, Zhang Fudao 2004, 20 (5):  139-139.  Abstract + ( 1396 )   PDF ( 1186164KB )   ( 557 ) Nutrient distributions of the profiles of loess soil were studied after fertilizer were applied for 12 years continuously .The results showed that organic matter and total P of fertilization treatments were increased in the 0～20cm soil layer were higher than that of CK, organic matter content was different in 0～200cm profile of loess soil. The treatments of PK phosphorus leaching loss in the soil profile and total-P content was higher in the 120～220cm soil profile. Total K content in 0～300cm soil profile almost invariableness with application Potassium .Laying horizon of loess soil was the efficient way to control nutrient leaching loss. Application NPK combined with organic manure was the best way to increase N0-3-N than that of CK, and it could improve fertility of loess soil.

  A Review on Water-saving Agriculture Crop Requirement and Irrigation Requirement Water resource is very scare in our country and wasted seriously by agriculture irrigation, therefore we must develop water-saving agriculture. Crop water requirement is correlated with irrigation water requirements and is estimated by several different m 2004, 20 (5):  143-143.  Abstract + ( 2581 )   PDF ( 1389893KB )   ( 1582 ) 1 贾大林,等.节水农业技术体系与途径研究.见:许越先,刘昌明,沙和伟主编.农业用水有效性研究.北京:科学出版社,1992.112~119 2 中国主要农作物需水量等值线图协作组.中国主要农作物需水量等值线图研究.北京:中国农业科技出版社,1993.3~40 3 姜万勤.作物需水及控制区需水模型问题.土壤农化通报,1995,10(3):40~63 4 李靖,段青松,邱勇.灌区作物需水量预报的时间系列分析.云南农业大学学报,2000,15(2):102~104 5 茆智,李远华,李会昌.实时灌溉预报.中国工程科学,2002, 4(5):24~33 6 余世明.作物需水量的灰色拓扑预测.四川水利,1996,17(2):18~21 7 王志良,邱林.多变量自回归模型在三江平原井灌水稻需水量预测中的应用.水利学报,2002,(8):107~112 8 张兵,等.作物需水量模糊决策系统的设计与研究.农机化研究,2003,(2):117~119 9 田景环,刘法贵,邱林.作物需水量与气温关系的静态灰色模型.华北水利水电学院学报,2002,23(3):18~20 10 上官周平,邵明安,薛增召.旱地作物需水量预报决策辅助系统.农业工程学报,2001,17(2):42~46 11 刘钰,Pereira L S,Teixeira J L,蔡林根.参照腾发量的新定义及计算方法对比.水利学报,1997,(6):27~33 12 刘晓英,林而达,刘培军.Priestley—Taylor与Penman法计算参照作物腾发量的结果比较.农业工程学报,2003,19(1):32~36 13 蔡甲冰,蔡林根,等.非标准状况下作物系数的计算方法.中国农村水利水电,2002,(2):32~37 14 樊引琴,蔡炊杰.单作物系数法和双作物系数法计算作物需水量的比较研究.水利学报,2002,3(3):50~54

  Factors of Influencing Soil-nitrogen Pollution Load of Sloping Field in the Dian Lake Watershed Zhang Naimingm, Zhang Yujuan, Chen Jianjun, Li Chengxue 2004, 20 (5):  148-148.  Abstract + ( 1560 )   PDF ( 1113467KB )   ( 769 ) Simulated experiment was used in this experiment to study the effects of soil factors on the farmland nitrogen losses and its concentration under artificial rainfall and natural rainfall. A number of soil and landscape factors were taken into account such as slope gradient, plant covers, fertilizers’ application performances as well as rainfall intensity. The result showed: the concentration of total nitrogen (TN) and the loss rate increased when the slope gradient became high; there has no significant difference in TN concentration between under artificial rainfall and under natural rainfall, TN concentration in runoff is smaller with the courser soil texture; and obviously lower with wheat planting than without covering, among which the loss decreased 11.80~238.46kg/hm2; in condition of the same N application account, diffuse application of fertilizer caused more nitrogen loss than cave application.

  Effect of Leaf Liquid fertilizer on Growth and Development of Celery Yang Yanrong, Zhai Bingnian , Zhang Mingxue, Zhao Boshan 2004, 20 (5):  153-153.  Abstract + ( 1413 )   PDF ( 1001339KB )   ( 565 ) Field plot experiment was carried out to study the effect of leaf liquid fertilizer on growth and development of celery. The results showed that spraying leaf liquid fertilizer can increase the celery yield through increase the plant height, stem width and the number of leaf. Among different treatments of 500 times, 300 times and CK, 500 times is the best one. Cooperation of 500 times and 300times will be better.

  Effect on Collect Rain through Film-covered Double-furrow on Drought Hand Jiang Kaixi, Liu Jianzhou, Zhong Xiaolin, Li Hongyan 2004, 20 (5):  155-155.  Abstract + ( 1503 )   PDF ( 1173607KB )   ( 540 ) The film-covered double-furrow planting technique on even drought land was put forward based on the characteristic of nine drought year of decade on north drought areas and the climate feature of spring dry and autumn rain. The technique comprised film covered Double furrow cultivating plant, collecting rain and gathering water, capturing glide and storing up in order gather water in rain and irrigate in drought from April to September. The technique is not only improved the water utilizing efficiency and in creased cropland water production potential, but also kept within limits the water and soil lose through water flow in land surface.

  Proper Using Method of Water-keep-matter in Dry Farming Section, which increases sweet potato’s production 2004, 20 (5):  162-162.  Abstract + ( 1726 )   PDF ( 982238KB )   ( 615 ) In the brow soil, if we use water-keep-matter effectively on sweet potato, its drought-fighting ability will become stronger, the whole seedling weightier, the dry seedling weightier obviously too; caudexes count and the average weight of potato will both increase, production increase rate is 4.6%~31%. In this examination, when the dosage of the water-keep-matter is 45kg/hm2, the production increase effect is the best; point in water-keep-matter or dipping seedling in water-keep-matter solution is indistinctive. But dipping seedling in keep-water-substance is simpler and convenient, and so is advisable.

  Progresses in Improvement of Plant P Nutrition by VA Mycorrhizal Fungi Yi Shilai , Wen Mingxia, Li Xueping, Shi Xiaojun 2004, 20 (5):  164-164.  Abstract + ( 1517 )   PDF ( 1121398KB )   ( 1114 ) Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) is a endomycorrhiza of widest spread whose mutualism with the vast majority of corps, gardening crops, vegetable crops and pastures can enhance these plants’ absorption of many minerals, especially P .The paper summaried the progresses in improvement of plant P nutrition by VAM. The prospect in further research was also put forward.

  Advances in the research of nitrogen nutrition of ectomycorrhizal fungi Zhang Xiaoyan，Li Yong，Huang Jianguo 2004, 20 (5):  167-167.  Abstract + ( 1308 )   PDF ( 1141596KB )   ( 692 ) On the basis of the papers related to ectomycorrhizal, the nitrogen nutrition of ectomycorrhizal fungi was reviewed in this paper. We expound the effect of the pollution of heavy metals on nitrogen nutrition of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Since ectomycorrhizal fungi can enhance the nitrogen absorption of its host plant, we hope to find the best nitrogen source of ectomycorrhizal fungi in order to provide a kind of scientific foundation to the forest.

  Utilizing Saturation and Developing Countermeasure of Organic Manures Resources in Jiangxi Province Zou Shaowen, Sun Jianqi, Wang Qiusheng 2004, 20 (5):  170-170.  Abstract + ( 1701 )   PDF ( 1222060KB )   ( 828 ) The resources and utilizing saturation of organic manures, and the production of commercial organic manures, as well as the consumers in numerous cities (counties) of Jiangxi province were surveyed in the year of 2001. The results were that the contents of organic manures resource was 13411.0 ten thousand tons, the contents of utilization was 6199.4 ten thousand tons, the productive contents of commercial organic manures was 4.1 ten thousand tons, and the utilizing ratio of organic manures was 46.2%. Additionally, there were many problems in the development of organic manures, such as the reduction of planting area of green manures, the low-yields of green manures, the decline of total content of crops straw, the inadequate using of straw resources, and so on, which led to the drastic decrease of farm-manures stored by farmers, the low-level utilizing ratios of feces and urine resources, and the low rate of organic manures commerciality. On account of above problems and ill-phenomena, some suggestion and countermeasures were put forward, which were establishment of correlative policy and enhancement of legislation to expand economic green manures, to carry on good-seed breeding, to make straws return farmland, to prohibit in situ setting on fire, to advocate organic manures stockpile, and to increase the rate of organic manures commerciality.

  The Development Situation and prospect for Organic-inorganic Compound fertilizer in Gansu Province Wu Fanjiang, Cui Zengtuan 2004, 20 (5):  174-174.  Abstract + ( 1404 )   PDF ( 1018011KB )   ( 672 ) Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is kind of compound fertilizer of specific quantity Organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizers have long effects and improve soil, but it can’t satisfy with nutrient needs of high-yield crops. Chemical fertilizers have fast effects. however, if it can’t correct to use , it will bring about acidification，harden，drop of organic matter contents and so on in soil. Organic-inorganic compound fertilizers have their character above two kinds of fertilizer. Recent years, the effects was obvious in our province, the peasant was welcome it. The development was so fast and quite-scale that it will be one of directions in fertilizer application.

  The effect of Lead stress on root morphology of vegetable Hong Chunlai,, Wei Youzhang, Yang Xiaoe, Jia Yanbo 2004, 20 (5):  176-176.  Abstract + ( 1425 )   PDF ( 1017189KB )   ( 613 ) Study was carried out by hydroponic culture, the result showed that the root morphology of three kinds of vegetable was promoted when Lead concentration less than 1mg/L, with the increasing of the treatment concentration, Pb toxicity to vegetable crop gradually showed, and resulted in the inhibition of roots development. Root tip became black, the number of lateral root and root hair decreased, radical length，root surface area，root volume decreased, leafs became yellow and easily fell off.

  vPreliminary Study on Germplasm Resources Diversity of Eremochloa Ophiuroides(Munro)Hack. In East China I. Variation of Phenological Phase Liu Xueshi,, Liu Jianxiu 2004, 20 (5):  180-180.  Abstract + ( 1413 )   PDF ( 1017844KB )   ( 651 ) The phenological phase observation shows that the turning-green stage, the initial stage of booting stage, the blooming stage, the maturation stage, the wilting stage and the blue-green period are different among different accessions of centipedegrass germplasm resources in East China, their variation scopes are from April eighteenth to May eighth for the turning-green stage, from May twenty-ninth to September twenty-ninth for the initial boot stage, from August twenty-eighth to October twenty-fourth for the blooming stage, from October ninth to November twentieth for the maturation stage, from November seventh to December first for the wilting stage, from 189 days to 217 days for the blue-green period, respectively. Regression analysis indicates that the turning-green period and initial stage of booting stage become earlier with the latitude increasing. Correlation analysis indicates there exists obvious or notable correlation among some of six stages at significant levels. The turning-green stage is positively correlated with the initial stage of booting stage, the blooming stage, the wilting stage at very significant levels, and their coefficients of correlation are 0.3557, 0.3429, 0.3995, respectively. The blooming stage is positively correlated with the wilting stage at significant level, and its coefficient of correlation is 0.3526. The initial stage of booting stage is positively correlated with the blooming stage, the maturation stage at very significant levels, and their coefficients of correlation are 0.7834, 0.4626, respectively. The blooming stage is positively correlated with the maturation stage at very significant level, and their coefficient of correlation is 0.6592. The turning-green stage is negatively correlated with the blue-green period at very significant level, and their coefficient of correlation is 0.8019.

  A Preliminary Research on the Effect of 60Co-γray Irradiation of Konjac Zhang Shenglin Li Chuan Liu Peiying Gao Qiguo 2004, 20 (5):  183-183.  Abstract + ( 1641 )   PDF ( 993775KB )   ( 585 ) In order to probe the new way of konjac breeding, we adopt different the dosages 60Co-γto irradiate sprout konjac crons, after planting there are some mutation plants such as stunt, etiolute, fernliking ,albino and leaf color dark green properties. At same time, we also know the LD100 of konjac is 3KR, LD50 is 1.5KR.

  Duan Chunyan1,2 , Li Lianfang1, Mao Junxu2, Li Youjun2 (College of Biology, CAU; College of Agriculture, HUST) 2004, 20 (5):  185-185.  Abstract + ( 1319 )   PDF ( 1023266KB )   ( 710 ) Viola, Botanic resources, Exploitation and utilization

  Study on poinsettia plug-seedling Luo Changguo, Pan Shiming, Ma Xiao, Huang Jing, Yuan Qifeng 2004, 20 (5):  187-187.  Abstract + ( 1389 )   PDF ( 1257871KB )   ( 593 ) Different age branchs of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.) ,cuttage media,cuttage date,removed leaves treatment,spray methods and so on,were used on plug-seeding. Results indicated that interval spray,twig,mixture of coco's fiber and perlite media,save leaves,and used they in poinsettia propagtion in the end of spring or in summer can get very good effect.

  Effect of Heat Tolerance on the Physiology in Lilium formolongi during Peduncle Growth Zhang Shijun, Zhou Hougao, Kong Cuiyan, Deng Musheng 2004, 20 (5):  191-191.  Abstract + ( 1586 )   PDF ( 1001589KB )   ( 684 ) Physiological changes of heat tolerance at 36℃ of Lilium formolongi genotype K1-4 and M2-9 were measured during peduncle growth. The results showed that chlorophyll content and protein of genotype K1-4, which was the better heat tolerant growth in field decreased slowly, whereas free proline accumulated rapidly and catalase (CAT) activity was higher. The results indicated that proline was negatively associated to heat tolerance and the three other indexes positively. Heat tolerance of upper young leaves was better than under mature leaves.

  Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Asiatic Lily from flower organs YANG Wei-Hong, ZHANG Yan-Long, TONG Bin DU Hui YANG Ron 2004, 20 (5):  193-193.  Abstract + ( 1821 )   PDF ( 1164255KB )   ( 770 ) The best medium for induction and bud differentiation of lily var. xinong1 was MS with 6-BA 1.2mg?L-1 and NAA 0.1mg?L-1. The best medium for proliferation was MS with 6-BA 1.0mg?L-1 and NAA 0.1mg?L-1. 1/2MS supplemented with NAA 0.2mg?L-1 was suitable for rooting. The differentiation ability of receptacle was excelled style and petal.

  Study on Free-Virus Potato Spring-Summer Breed at High Altitude Region of Guangxi Wei Weitai, Wei Benhui, Tang Ronghua, Gan Xiuqin , Ning Xiucheng, Qin Weizhi, 2004, 20 (5):  196-196.  Abstract + ( 1647 )   PDF ( 1082762KB )   ( 613 ) Guangxi is the region planted potato in winter, but the free-virus can’t self-supported. In order to solve the problem, micro seed-potato of three potato varieties were introduced from Institute of Vegetable and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, plant at the area which altitude over 800m, result showed three varieties potato grow well, seed-potato yield of Favorita, Atlantic and Zhongshu No.3 were 37500.0 kg/hm2, 34504.5 kg/hm2, 29004.0 kg/hm2.

  Relationship between Genetic Distance and Heterosis in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantica L.) Liu zhengguo, Xiao xizhu, Li Jiazhen, Wei jiaoqing 2004, 20 (5):  199-199.  Abstract + ( 1409 )   PDF ( 1085265KB )   ( 720 ) Six self-lines of bitter gourd were divided into two groups and 9 crosses were made by incomplete diallel cross. Genetic distance of principal components was calculated by using 11 quantitative characters. Using genetic distance as independent variable and heterosis as dependent variable, we carried out regressing analyses. The results showed that there was a significant linear relationship between genetic distance and yield heterosis and a very significant linear relationship between genetic distance and fruit length heterosis, and their regression equation were Y=7.5718+3.2272X and Y=-5.8529+1.5946X,respectively. Relationships between individual fruit mass and fruit width heterosis and genetic distance weren’t found in this study. Individual fruit mass was an important constituent character of yield, while leafstalk length and node length were two important constituent characters of fruit length. Applied outlook of genetic distance to forecast heterosis was discussed in this paper. Further research should be conducted for genetic distance to forecast heterosis.

  Absorption and Distribution of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium Element in Plant and Bulb during Lilium davidii Development Sun Hongmei, Li Tianlai, Li Yunfei 2004, 20 (5):  206-206.  Abstract + ( 1648 )   PDF ( 1072371KB )   ( 754 ) Absorption and distribution of nutrition element in various organs of Lilium davidii var. unicolor was studied during plant and bulb development. The results indicated that nutrition element stored in mother bulb was consumed for growth of new leaves and stem at bulb germination stage. At plantlet stage, the Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium element was distributed in mother bulb, leaves and stem mostly. Percentage of nutrition in leaves increased with the grown up of photosynthesis organs. From visible bud to anthesis was turning stage that the distribution centres of nutrition element from overground parts to bulb. The key period of element absorption was plantlet to visible bud stage. Potassium was more important than Nitrogen and Phosphorus for development of bulb.

  The Study of Complex Alkali-Saline Stress on four varieties of Poa Pratensis Zhang Yuxia, Li Zhigang, Li Meijuan, Du Xiaoyan 2004, 20 (5):  209-209.  Abstract + ( 1620 )   PDF ( 1309951KB )   ( 730 ) In this paper the effects of complex alkali-saline stress on 4 varieties of cool season Poa Pratensis were compared during the seeds germination and seedling stage. The findings are as follows: lower concentration of complex alkali-saline promote germination and growth of Poa Pratensis; However germination percentage and growth of Poa Pratensis were restrained prominently with increasing of complex alkali-saline contents And the stress was stronger for growth of radical than that of plumule with increasing of complex alkali-saline concentrations. The results of complex alkali-saline stress on 4 varieties during seedling stage showed that the enzyme activities of SOD、CAT and POD, free proline content increased under lower concentrations of complex alkali-saline, and reached the peak under medium concentration, then decreased under serious stress. In addition, MDA content increased gradually with the increase of complex alkali-saline concentrations. By analyzing comprehensively these physiological indexes, the result indicated that the order of the alkali-saline tolerance of seeds of 4 varieties was ‘Midnight’ > ‘Bulin’ > ‘Baron ’ > ‘Merit’．

  The effect of intercrop on the densities of Phyllotreta striolata(F.) Gao Zezheng,,Wu Weijian,Cui Zhixing 2004, 20 (5):  214-214.  Abstract + ( 1437 )   PDF ( 1082301KB )   ( 712 ) Systematic investigation was carried out on the effect of intercrop on the densities of the striped flea beetles (SFB), Phyllotreta striolata (F.). The results indicated that Brassica chinensis intercrop Allium fistulosum, B. paradimesis intercrop Solanum melongena, significantly reduced the damage of the SFB (T-test) and the result from the experiments of the intercrop the preference host-plant with non-preference host-plants of SFB showed that these cultivative methods could reduced the injury by this pest. The planting practical of Chinese kale cultivated at an interval of 2,4,8,15m respectively followed by radish could decrease numbers of SFB population.

  Impacts of plant tissues of different type corn on growth and survival of Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) Wang Zhenying, He Kanglai, Xing Zhenjuan, Bai Shuxiong, Wen Liping 2004, 20 (5):  217-217.  Abstract + ( 2502 )   PDF ( 1230173KB )   ( 659 ) Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), is the most important insect pest of corn in China, which causes serious yield loss and reduces the quality of corn. Corn plant resistance plays an corn), at different developmental stages on survival and development of Asian corn borer larvae were important role in ACB IPM on corn. However, the level of resistance varies both among varieties and among corn plant tissues. Impacts of plant tissues of four type of corn, i.e. Gaoyou 298 (high oil corn), Bainuo 4 (waxy corn), Chaotian 2 (super sweet corn) and Tiandan 8 (sweet corn), Nongda 108 and Xingkang 2 (field evaluated in laboratory bioassay. Results showed that the survival and development of ACB larvae were significantly various when fed on the plant tissues at different developmental stage of four type of corn hybrids. When fed on the whorl leaves, the highest survival and fastest growth of larvae were observed on Gaoyou 298, and the lowest on Xingkang 2. The survival rate and larval weight were significantly higher when fed on the tassels of Gaoyou 298, Tiandan 8 and Bainuo 4 compared with Xingkang 2 and Chaotian 2. The young husks of Tiandan 8 were suitable for ACB larvae fed on compared with Bainuo 4 and Xingkang 2 that significantly inhibited the larvae development. The survival rates were much higher and the weights of larvae and pupae were much heavier when fed on silks of Tiandan 8 and Nongda 108 than on others. The survival rates of ACB larvae were significantly low when fed on silks of Chaotian 2 and Xingkang 2 than on others. The larvae developed very well when fed on the cobs of Chaotian 8.The survival and the pupation rates were much higher, but the weights of pupae were smaller when fed on cobs of Tiandan 8 and Bainuo 4. The survival and pupation rates were much lower and the development time to pupate was much longer when ACB larvae fed on cobs of Xingkang 2. The development time from larvae to pupate and from pupae to emerge of the ACB when fed on kernels of Xingkang 2 and Nongda 108 were much longer than that on Tiandan 8, Chaotian 2, Bainuo 4 and Gaoyou 298, the corn for special uses. It was showed that the kernels of wax corn, sweet corn, and high oil corn were much suitable to ACB larvae than field corn. It also indicated that some sweet and waxy corn varieties had certain resistant to ACB, on which the Asian corn borer larvae could not make much heavier damage than susceptible field corn.

  The relations between conventional identification of Induced Disease Resistance in plants and correlated enzymes chances Zhai Caixia,，Ma Chunhong ，Qin Jun，Wang Lian，Chen Xia ，Li Guangmin 2004, 20 (5):  222-222.  Abstract + ( 1649 )   The elicitors can elicit special responses to plant disease denfence.The paper summarizes their process ,correlated enzymes and relations between them. The purpose is to provide references and approaches for appreciating resistance to disease.

  Bioassay of SfaMNPV-D Clone Against Plutella xylostella Yu miao, He junfei 2004, 20 (5):  225-225.  Abstract + ( 1242 )   PDF ( 1022732KB )   ( 551 ) An infectivity test of Syngapha falcifera multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus D-clone(SfaMNPV-D clone) against Plutella xylostella was carried out in our laboratory. By bioassay on second and third instar P. xylostella , the LC50 of SfaMNPV-D clone was determined as 2.01×105and 2.82×107 PIBs/ml respectively.

  Technological Research on Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests in Shortenized and Densely planted Apple Orchards Cheng Yaqiao, Wang Hanmin, Sun Yuanfeng, Sun Bin, Xia Li 2004, 20 (5):  227-227.  Abstract + ( 2272 )   PDF ( 937741KB )   ( 739 ) Systematic investigations and studies have been carried out in the shortenized and densely planted orchards of Henan Province. They cover the studies of main plant diseases and insect pests sorts, main natural enemy sorts, general plant diseases and insect pests harm law and grass-covered orchard natural enemy species changes. We have also done the experiments of installing the oscillating frequency moth-killing lamps, and the experiments of choosing the highly effective, least poisonous, least remaining chemical and biological pesticide. Through the investigations and experiments, we have worked out a set of techniques of the comprehensive prevention and control of plant diseases and elimination of pests, which are suitable for the shortenized and densely, planted apple orchard. After the techniques have been carried out, the harm of plant diseases and insect pests has been reduced by three times. The fruits have been tested to be non-pesticide remaining. And it is economical, ecological and has obvious social profits.

  Effect of 15% Anda On Controlling Laphygma exigua Hubner Nie Qunbo, Liu Wandai 2004, 20 (5):  229-229.  Abstract + ( 1364 )   PDF ( 1107418KB )   ( 635 ) Laphygma exigua Hubner is a kind of bursting polyphagia pests. It possesses a good drug-resistance character and is more difficult to control. Indoor and field experiment indicates that effect of 15% Anda on controlling Laphygma exigua Hubner less than four-instar stages can reach more than 90%. This drug is Not only efficient, low poison and little remain, but also elaborate action as soon as possible.

  The Interaction of Several phyIIosphere non-pathogenic microorganisms and Trichoderma Ren Changshun 2004, 20 (5):  232-232.  Abstract + ( 1822 )   PDF ( 1007682KB )   ( 673 ) The factors were studied in detail about the interactions of several phyllosphere non-pathogenic Microorganisms and Trichoderma. The results showed that the colonizing ability of Trichoderma could be lessened on leaf surface by Aspergillus niger，The Colonizing ability of Trichoderma could be affected by the existence of Aspergillus niger in phyllosphere before Trichoderma initiated colonization which associated with the competition to exudates and space in phyllosphere between the two fungi.

  Evaluation on Effect of Gesaprin on Controlling Weeds in Spring Corn Field Huang Chunyan, Wang Yu, Chen Tiebao, Sun Baohong 2004, 20 (5):  236-236.  Abstract + ( 1574 )   PDF ( 985500KB )   ( 728 ) The field trial on the effect of Gesaprin on controlling weeds and the safety to corn in spring corn fields was conducted during 1999~2000. The results showed that 90%gesaprinWP could control effectively broadleaf weeds in spring cornfield, such as Bacon weed (Chenopodium album L.), Willow leaf knotweed (Polygonum bungeanum Turcz.), Redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.). But the control effects of Gesaprin to Heartleaf cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.), Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.) and the grass family were poorer. The control effects of weed plant and weed fresh weight were over 90%. The optimum application timing was in after planting and pre-germination. The suitable dosage was 90% Gesaprin WG 1620~1890(g·ai)/hm2. These dosages were safe to spring corn.

  The Evaluation Index System and Its Application of Eco-agriculture County ——The problems of evaluation criteria of ecological,economic and social effects in the construction of eco-agriculture Lin Zhonghua 2004, 20 (5):  238-238.  Abstract + ( 1451 )   PDF ( 1184591KB )   ( 742 ) In this paper，26 factors of ecological，economic and social environment indexes of the evaluation index system of eco-agriculture county were discussed，the determinate weight scales and calculating approaches of every item and sub-factor were accounted for，and the connotation of ecological economy of every index was also explained，This evaluation index system was applied in the evaluation of 3 years constructional result in 14 eco-agriculture counties，It has an important directive significance in the normalization and judgment of eco-agricultural construction level in a region of county class and quickening the development speed of eco-agriculture to a higher level.

  Industrialization of organic fertilizer and the sustainable agriculture development in China Geng Kaiyou 2004, 20 (5):  242-242.  Abstract + ( 1400 )   PDF ( 1257987KB )   ( 1067 ) The sustainable agriculture development must depend on the sustainable development of soil fertility. Due to partiality for a particular kind of chemical fertilizer or application of single chemical fertilizer and the decrease of organic fertilizer used in agriculture for along time ,a lot of problems has heen arisen such as soil fertility decrease ,environment pollution and a decline in quality of agricultural products ,etc. the industrialized method in utilization of organic fertilizer is a new way to solve the problem of environment pollution and to promote the use of the organic fertilizer, it is also a need to promote the sustainable agriculture development. A proposal of carrying out organic fertilizer industry has been put forward in this paper.

  The Purifying Process of Silicion to Heavy Metal Plloution of Wheat and Physiogical Effects Gao Liu-Qing Yang Shu-Jie 2004, 20 (5):  246-246.  Abstract + ( 1666 )   PDF ( 1185942KB )   ( 724 ) Based on culture experiment of nutrient solution, combined with chemical analysis metnods of the ICP spectrograph ,atomic absorption spectrograph ,this project studies the interaction between silicon and heavy metal (cadimium and zinc ) in the wheat ,understands the characterrstics of heavsilicion for absorption, distribution and accumulation of heavy metal in the wheat growth course and its effect of physiology and biochemistry,inquires into the pattern of transport and variation of the heavy metal under the control of silicic acids .the project for study possesses important therory and practice meanings in the basic theory research field .Test of water nurtue indicaded that 90mg/L 、60mg/L of silicon it can reduce Cadimium、Zinc plloution of wheat .However , promoted action showed raising root activity ,chilorophyll content， while the permeability of cell membrance of decreased .From the facts above ,it can be shown that silicon concentration was controlled in a certrain limit can promote the growth of wheat ,and meanwhile ,it can also protect the cell of wheat ,reduce heavy metal plloution of wheat .However ,high concentration and low concentration of silicon can be harmful to the cell of wheat .

  The effect of microclimate on the greenness keeping of vegetable Min Jingzhong, Wang Chuanhai, Zheng Youfei, He Duliang 2004, 20 (5):  250-250.  Abstract + ( 1628 )   PDF ( 1130981KB )   ( 724 ) The effect of microclimate to the greenness keeping of vegetable was investigated. The results show that microclimate conditions such as temperature, relative humidity and light intensity affect the greenness keeping of vegetable very significantly, the lower temperature and light intensity, higher relative humidity may prolong the senescence and decompose of vegetable, prolong the days of keeping greenness of vegetable, and decrease the plant diseases and insect pests. The paper has also proposed several appropriate combinations of the microclimate factors to the practical application of the greenness keeping of vegetable.

  Effects of Drought on Spring Maize Production In Nanzheng and Its Strategies for Proposing Based on Recent Decade Precipitation Yuan Yingze 2004, 20 (5):  256-256.  Abstract + ( 1582 )   PDF ( 1030890KB )   ( 644 ) Aiming at recent decade drought stress on Spring maize production in Nanzheng, a comparison of the precipitation distribution between 1966-2000 and recent decade are made, and it is put forward that ensure of seeding temperature the start seeding date is ten days ahead can adapt precipitation distribution better and the harm of drought is reduced. The effect of early seeding in low temperature and cultivate free and double covering on reducing soil water evaporation and enlarging soil capacity of absorbing precipitation and increasing the efficiency of precipitation usage are put forward through field soil water measurement.

  GSM Applied in Monitoring Water on Cotton Field Liu Enbo, Ma Fuyu Zheng Zhong Li Jiangquan Gao Xinqi 2004, 20 (5):  259-259.  Abstract + ( 1235 )   PDF ( 1112287KB )   ( 610 ) Short message service (SMS) based on global system for mobile communication (GSM) has already got more and more applications in spray and drip automatic system. By GSM and SMS, water data on cotton field is collected timely. The data is sent to monitor center and delt by decision support system. And decided results are sent to many mobile telephones by SMS. So GSM technique fulfills real-time manage about water information.

  Consideration for the Construction of Agricultural Information Service System in Rural Mountainous Areas Shi Deyun 2004, 20 (5):  262-262.  Abstract + ( 1544 )   PDF ( 1136877KB )   ( 716 ) The current status and existent problems of the agricultural information construction in rural mountainous areas were analyzed on the basis of conclusion of practical experience of the construction of rural information service systems in recent years. Corresponding solutions and suggestions to the existent problems were proposed to further promote the construction of agricultural information service system in mountainous areas.

  Quantificational Evaluation Standard for Registration of Rice Varieties and its Application Yang Shihua, Liao Qin, Zhang Shoudu, Wang Xinguo, Huang Fasong 2004, 20 (5):  265-265.  Abstract + ( 1554 )   PDF ( 1242816KB )   ( 840 ) Quantificational evaluation standard for registration of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties was established. The content included classification, methods for evaluating yield, adaptability, resistance and grain quality of varieties, etc. The standard was credible by application testing. Proposition to improve it was given.

  Spatial and Time Distribution of Agricultural Disasters during the period of Three Kingdoms, Wei-Jin and Southern & Northern Dynasties Pu Fengxian 2004, 20 (5):  269-269.  Abstract + ( 1625 )   PDF ( 1167083KB )   ( 611 ) Based on the historical records of natural disasters, this paper analyses its spatial and time distribution, as well as several disaster years during the period of Three Kingdoms, Wei-Jin and Southern & Northern Dynasties according to the methodology of natural disasters degree estimation. The conclusion shows that the natural disasters occurred more frequently in the seasons of summer and autumn than that in spring and winter, and seven high frequency phases in this period. Similarly, the severe agricultural disasters areas were gathered in the three main agricultural production regions, i.e., Jiangnan, Shanxi and Shandong regions. The total natural disaster years above the middle degree reach 291 times, when extra-severe disasters grade account to 18 years, severe disasters grade relate to 107, and middle disasters degree report to 166 years.

  Disinfection of recirculation nutrient solution from soilless culture with physical methods Liu Xianghui , Song Weitang , Zhou Ligang , Zhang Shuge 2004, 20 (5):  273-273.  Abstract + ( 1641 )   PDF ( 1495416KB )   ( 682 ) Physical methods of disinfection of nutrient solution from soilless culture systems are summarized, including the use of ozonization, ultraviolet radiation, heat treatments, filtration, iodination, activated hydrogen peroxide and others. Ozonization, ultraviolet radiation and heat treatments are feasible by now. Further development in disinfection of nutrient solution is also put forward.

  The Effect of planting with plastic Film on the Coming Generation Characters of New Winter wheats Yang Xiulan, Niu Yichuan, Zhang Huimi 2004, 20 (5):  279-279.  Abstract + ( 1659 )   PDF ( 961355KB )   ( 519 ) The main agricultural characters of winter wheats and the coming generation were studied by planting in drilling ,bunch planting with plastic film and gouge planting with plastic film. The results indicated that planting by plastic film may lead to higher tillering ,grain numbers /ear,grain weight/ear and the increase of yield of per unit area,but the rate of spike-bearing of tillering,root-shoot ratio were lowered,as well as the lodge-resistant character due to the longer distance betweet plote.The seeds ripen ahead and activity of the seeds are stronger because grain-filling is earlier and the rate of grain-filling is quicker. The dry weight of per individual are higher,and cold ,drought and high temperature resistance are stronger.

  Constructing the System of Capital Flow between Cities and the Rural, Planning as a Whole the development of cities and the rural Xu Xiaodong, Zheng Xiaoyan, Xie Yuantai 2004, 20 (5):  281-281.  Abstract + ( 1123 )   PDF ( 1107071KB )   ( 604 ) The Communist Party’s sixteenth congress suggested that cities and the rural should plan as a whole. However, capital from the rural has been flowing to cities through several channels irrationally, which has limited the development of the rural. With the propelling of the market-mechanism, the capitals’ profit tendency makes the outflow of rural capital more serious. In order to change this situation, it needs to construct a rational system that will promote the capital flow between cities and the rural in a rational way. In fiscal, depend on the legislation and policy, it must be take some measures such as tax, investment, supplement, and transfer-offer so on to give more and take less in rural. In financial, it must be made to become an authentic financial organization for “San Nong”.

  Strategy Status of Apple Industry in Shaanxi Economy Development and the Models of Apple Industrialization in WeiBei Loess Plateau Yang Wenjie, Wu Faqi, Cui Bin, Fang Li 2004, 20 (5):  284-284.  Abstract + ( 1487 )   PDF ( 1077811KB )   ( 831 ) Apple industry is the advantaged industry of rural economy in Shanxi province. The problems of apple industry development in Shaanxi province are as follows：the layout and the structure of sorts of apple are not rational，the per unit area yield and the rete of quality apple are low, the level of industrialization are low，the installation and the service system of apple production are not completely. Some models of apple industrialization in Weibei Loess Plateau, Shaanxi province were put forward.：the fruit grower + fruit grower association + enterprises + market；the fruit grower + industry association + market；the fruit grower + base + enterprises group in county level + market

  The study of Ecology Environment and Competition Power of Western City Liu Chao 2004, 20 (5):  287-287.  Abstract + ( 1364 )   PDF ( 1314723KB )   ( 670 ) The good and bad of ecology environment of western city affect the breeding and raise of competition power of western city, and powerful city competition power has important strategy sense to speedup the progress of western city and accelerate the equilibrium continued development of nationwide economy. Strengthening the ecology environment construction of western city must pay attention to: persisting the ideal of development persistently, averting “alone economy development” ideal; speedup the pace of countryside urbanization, easing the population to the pressure of city′s area environment; vigorously developing environment property, building ecology cities; pursuing the system of the assessing of invest item, guaranteeing the invest items of western cities to acquire economic results, ecological results and social results; strengthening the dynamics of ecology environment′s supervising, eliminating the source of pollution of the environment.

  Thinking about competitive ability of western farm productions Zhang Lin 2004, 20 (5):  294-294.  Abstract + ( 1337 )   PDF ( 1153913KB )   ( 1152 ) After adding WTO, western agriculture in China is faced with immense competitive overwhelming. It is represent that competitive ability of western agriculture is not strong. The article pinpoint that core of competitive ability of western agriculture is competitive ability of western farm productions, and advance approach of boosting up competitive ability of western farm productions for weak competitive ability of western farm productions.

  The current state and development potential countermeasure analyze for the rapeseed production in Anhui province Wu Qizhi, Xu Zhiling, Zhou Kejin 2004, 20 (5):  297-297.  Abstract + ( 1468 )   PDF ( 1227766KB )   ( 794 ) This paper systematically expounded the current production situation of rapeseed such as the area, yield, degree of high quality and its productive earning etc. in Anhui province, found the main problem in its production, analyzed the distance on cost, quality, government subsidies, food security and utilization between Anhui province and the developed countries, and presented the method of promoting the competitive power. The method is as follows: 1. The agriculture mechanization and the fertilization utilization efficiency should be promoted and the agriculture tax should be reduced, so the production cost could be lower. 2. The seed should be supplied uniformly and cultivated in its specialized area; the quality of rapeseed should be promoted. 3. The government subsidies should be improved, and the foodstuff secure advantages can be brought out. The industry production development of high quality rapeseed should be speeded up.

  Developing Rural Education, Promoting Rural Income Growth ZHAO Hai-xia, SUN Xin-hui，ZHANG Chun-mei 2004, 20 (5):  301-301.  Abstract + ( 1549 )   PDF ( 1257407KB )   ( 604 ) At the rural-work meeting of whole country, which is pointed out that we should carry out the spirit of the Party,s sixteenth representative convention carefully and put it into effect, quicken rural education development, deepen rural education reform, accelerate harmony development between city and country . Slow growth of rural income is the most outstanding problem in currency agriculture and rural economy, but growth of rural must improve peasant quality above all, therefore, aiming at the status of our country that rural basic education is weak and middling prefession education is lagging, we must adjust the cultivate orientation of present rural education, make the rural education system much better, enhance investment and support to rural technology and education, strengthen peasants, development ability.

  Status, problems and countermeasures of industrialization developing In vegetable soybean production of Guangxi LIN Tao 2004, 20 (5):  305-305.  Abstract + ( 1480 )   PDF ( 1057969KB )   ( 591 ) Being aimed at the problems, which existed in the production of vegetable soybean in Guangxi, of variety’s degeneration, decentralized distribution, backward cultivated techniques and lack of available sales channel, five countermeasures are posed to develop the industry according to domestic and foreign market’s demand: 1. To accelerate the reproduction and popularization of the quality varieties; 2.To set up the standard cultural base of scale; 3.To develop the deep-processing enterprises with S.& T. characteristics; 4.To raise the service system of market circulation ; 5. To strengthen the publicity of the industry and direction of policies

  The Internationalization of Seed Business and the Studies of Its Tactics Liu Guohua, Chen Zhixing 2004, 20 (5):  310-310.  Abstract + ( 1267 )   PDF ( 1181357KB )   ( 728 ) Based on the main characters of internationalization of seed business, its limiting factors in China were analyzed in this paper. Considering the main problems existing in the development of seed business, some tactics were submitted based on the mechanism of enterprises, the application of new breeding technique, the developing direction of seed business and market management. The tactics included in changing the mechanism of our enterprises, paying more attention to the development of key enterprises, giving more support to the research of seed production, accelerating the application of biotechnology to plant breeding, strengthening the management to seed business and promoting the level of seed internationalization.

  Institutional Change and Institutional Performance : the Analysis On Chinese land Institution Xie Bao-li 2004, 20 (5):  324-324.  Abstract + ( 1172 )   PDF ( 1398978KB )   ( 611 ) It is the ultimate target for Institutional change to search the optimum performance . Chinese land institutional change always practise the substitute which the effective institutiona replace another institutiona for 50 years.In the future, land institutional change must obey the principle of land property rights.

  Study on increasing of farmers’ income with Yangling Model Zhang Honghui, He Gaoshe, Pei Hongbo 2004, 20 (5):  331-331.  Abstract + ( 1443 )   PDF ( 1254655KB )   ( 632 ) With coordination by the government and support of science as well as technology Yangling Model，which is initiated by enterprises and practiced by farmers，has been created during the process of increasing the income of the farmers from yangling,and the average yearly net income of farmers from yangling witnesses an increase of 12.5%.The operational system,characteristics，as well as practical usage of this model are elaborated in this article.

  A Countermeasure for Developing Farm Produce With Safe Qualities Under the Present Agricultural Environment Of Sanming City WANG Wen--mei 2004, 20 (5):  335-335.  Abstract + ( 1446 )   PDF ( 1179094KB )   ( 795 ) This paper is based on the present agricultural production situation in Sanming and expounds the existing problems in producing safe primary products, the necessity of producing more safe agricultural products and present an effective countermeasure.

  To Improve Farmer’s Science and Technology culture Quality is a Key to Resolve the “three agricultures” Problems Tao longhong, Yu qinglai, Li cheng 2004, 20 (5):  338-338.  Abstract + ( 2112 )   PDF ( 1117547KB )   ( 720 ) The ultimate decision factor of the "three agriculture" problems is the person, so it being an important task at present or quite long period from now that improving farmer’s science and technology cultural quality. In the light of the ideas, this article expounded the necessary of improving farmer’s techno-culture quality and training modern farmers in new century from the development of modern agricultural science and technology, the modernization of agriculture, exported agriculture and the status of farmer-self quality. Four countermeasures and proposals were brought up pointing to the problem of improving farmer’s science and technology culture quality: First is to conduct the operation plan of farmer fully educating and training so as to improve science and technology culture quality; the second being the combination of the government setting up school, the position training of enterprises and farmer-self spontaneous attending school; the third opening and developing the demonstration program contents of agricultural science and technology to make use of the way of participate training; the last to improve the proportion of agricultural science and technological skills of physical labor persons in rural areas and the science and technology quality of agriculture technique demonstration person in basic region.

  Build and need peasants badly more educated in rural well-to-do level Jing Peijun 2004, 20 (5):  341-341.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   PDF ( 1267506KB )   ( 652 ) Peasants are subjects of rural construction of well-to-do level, and the peasants of more education are the most important things of rural construction of well-to-do level. This paper expounded the fact that the role of peasants of more education in rural construction of well-to-do level from the aspects of the increasing income of peasants, dwindling differences between town and country and shifting of surplus rural labor force, etc. This paper has analyzed the question existing in peasant's more educated process all-snidely. From the aspects of exciting peasants to seek knowledge, Strengthening rural basic education, it has proposed a concrete measure of different forms education and technology for peasants of more education.

  Reasons that affect the college transformation of science and technology and countermeasures Wu chengchun 2004, 20 (5):  345-345.  Abstract + ( 1309 )   PDF ( 1137213KB )   ( 652 ) In this paper, the present condition about the college transformation of science and technology is produced. Some reasons that affect the college transformation of science and technology are analyzed. At the same time, some relative countermeasures that accelerate the college transformation of science and technology are put forward.

  Study on the user-paid extension model of paddy breeding in dry soil and with wide spacing Ma Xiaohong,Li Xiufang 2004, 20 (5):  351-351.  Abstract + ( 1253 )   PDF ( 1103672KB )   ( 585 ) In the later 1990”s, paid extension service of paddy breeding in dry soil and with wide spacing was undertaken under the participation of farmers in the irrigated area of Yinchuan. The malpractice of conventional extension model was the driving factor for the application of paid extension model. Farmers’ participation in the process of the extension of the technique enable them to have a sound understanding and command of the techniques, and have an improvement of comprehensive competencies, which in turn helps the change of attitude and practice, simulate the communication between farmers and extension workers, and build up the trust of farmers on extension workers. Economic benefits has been greatly enhanced with unit yield 100 kg over that from the traditional paddy breeding approach, that is RMB150 yuan more income increase.. Extension workers can have RMB 20 yuan as reward from farmers serviced.