Current issue

• 2004 Vol.20 No.6 Published:05 December 2004

  目次

  Study on the Cow Early Pregnancy Diagnose by CuSO4 Li Qingwang, Hu Jianhong, Wang Liqiang, Li Yongpeng, Liu Yongkui, Zan Linsen 2004, 20 (6):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1664 )   PDF ( 1159656KB )   ( 655 ) The early pregnancy diagnose was experienced by 3% and 5% CuSO4 respectively in 57 cows, then checked up their accuracy through rectum-check. The result showed that the total accuracy rate of used by 3% CuSO4 was 87.14%, the group used by 5% CuSO4 was 84.80%. But the accuracy rate in the tow groups was best with milk sample check in 31~50 days after breeding, the average value was 90.35%; the negative accuracy rate by 5%fell comparing to 3%, the none-pregnancy rate was increased because diagnose by mistake. It is indicated that the early pregnancy diagnose was done better with 3% CuSO4 and the method was feasible, the milk sample of 31~50 days after breeding at noon was best to be diagnose the cow early pregnancy in practice.

  tudy on the Relationships of Qin chuan Yellow Cattle Blood Protein Polymorphism with Growth Xin Yapping, Zhang Yinghan, Zan Linsen, Wang Ziliang 2004, 20 (6):  4-4.  Abstract + ( 1529 )   PDF ( 1115919KB )   ( 607 ) Haemoglobin transferring, post transferring albumin post albumin polymorphism in the blood of 151 individuals in Qinchuan Yellow Cattle were investigated by poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis in this study. Date on their phenotypes and gene frequency of the five poly morphic loci were tabulated. Relationships between genetic markers and growth performance were analyses by least square. The results revealed that 12 months’ weight and 24 months’ weight of Hb AA are remarkable heaver than Hb AB’s. 12 month’s weight, 18 months’ weight and 24 months’ weight of PTfFF are remarkable heavier than PTfFS’s .12 months’ weight and 18 months’ weight of AlbAA are remarkable heavier than Alb AB’s. 6 months’ weight of PaBB is remarkable heavier than Pa AB’s Birth weight of Hb AA/Tf DD is heaviest. 12 months’ 18 months’ and 24 months’ weight of the combination of gene type Hb AB/Tf DD are the heaviest. The gene replace average benefit of TfD substitude TfA are Birth weight 0.1754 kg, 24 months’ weight 0.6320 kg. On the basis of gene benefit and gene replace average benefit, the return equation of individual private gene into genetype was established.

  Beef Performance and Carcass Characteristics in BMY Cattle Liu Jianyong,Yang Guorong,Li Qiaoxian，Wen Jikun, Yu Bingbing, Deng Weidong，Mao Huaming 2004, 20 (6):  7-7.  Abstract + ( 1840 )   PDF ( 1067100KB )   ( 639 ) Thirty half yearly BMY bulls were selected to finish, then were divided into 3 groups randomly under 24-hour-grazing system with supplementary feeding. After the finishing period, the cattle were slaughtered and their carcass characteristics at the age of 12, 18 and 24 months were analyzed. Results showed that BMY cattle finishing performance was better, body size was bigger and beef performance was higher. The average dressing percentage, net beef rate and carcass beef rate of BMY cattle were 59.56%, 49.62% and 82.92%, respectively. The carcass characteristics of BMY cattle were better, which were of high quality. The beef of BMY cattle was juicy, thinner, tenderness and delicious. BMY cattle were similar to the foreign standard of the beef cattle breeds.

  Effects of Collection and Transfer of Embryos from Boer Goats Transported to Strange Land Wu Hepin, Zhou Zhanqin, Pan Rui, Fu Mingzhe, Chen Xiaoqiang, Hu Quanfu , Yin Mingliang 2004, 20 (6):  9-9.  Abstract + ( 1507 )   PDF ( 1059538KB )   ( 534 ) Fifty-five adult female Boer goats under same conditions of feeding and treatment for super-ovulation were allocated to three groups(1donor：13 recipients). GroupⅠand groupⅡwere transported respectively in 3 and 6 hours to strange land far from original farm 2-4hours prior to collection and transfer of embryos. The goats in control group were still kept in farm. Ovarian examination and embryo/ova recovery were performed at laboratory on day 5~6 after mating. The most effective embryos were recorded in control group(15.30)，followed by groupⅡ(13.38)and groupⅠ(12.91). There was no significant difference with respect to average effective embryos recovered between 2 experiment groups and control group. However，the highest pregnancy rate(71.29%)and the lowest rate of abortion(2.68%)were recorded in group Ⅰwhich was in good body condition. The lowest pregnancy rate(51.68%)and the highest rate of abortion(9.09%)were recorded in group Ⅱwhich was in pool body condition. The both records about pregnancy rate and rate of abortion in control group were 65.66% and 3.08% separately and were situated between group Ⅰand group Ⅱ.

  Sequence-related Amplified Polymorphism(SRAP)：A Novel Technique for Molecular Marker Ren Yu, Wang Deyuan Zhang Yindong 2004, 20 (6):  11-11.  Abstract + ( 2091 )   PDF ( 1155406KB )   ( 1038 ) SRAP is a new technique for molecular marker .It is simplicity, reliability, moderate throughput ratio and facile sequencing of selected bands. This paper describes the SRAP principle, protocol. SRAP aimed for amplification of open reading frames(ORFs) by special primer set. The forward prime of 17 base amplified exons, the reverse primer of 18 base amplified introns and promoters. Since introns, promoters and spacers are variable among different individuals, this makes it feasible to generate polymorphism. The amplified DNA fragments are separated by denaturing acrylamide gels and detected by autoradiography. This technique has been used in genetics mapping, genetic diversity, gene tagging, comparative genomics and heterosis prediction. The prospect of the SRAP marker application in plant genetics and research were discussed.

  Recent Advance of Studies on Molecular Marker and Linkage Map in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) Ding Guohua，, Qin Zhiwei 2004, 20 (6):  14-14.  Abstract + ( 1677 )   PDF ( 1361903KB )   ( 762 ) The studies on molecular marker and linkage map of cucumber have dropped behind that of other crop, such as tomato and wheat. The existing maps that almost finished by Staub’s research unit comprised molecular markers more than 300, which are isozyme, RAPD, RFLP, SSR, AFLP, and the mean distance between the markers reach 2.1cM, but including cucumber’s genes or locus (F, B, de, ll, dm), less than 10.

  Study on the relationship between the resistance of different tomato varieties to ToMV and the activities of oxidase Li Huanxiu,，Su Junzhi，Bian Qingshan 2004, 20 (6):  19-19.  Abstract + ( 1641 )   PDF ( 1293683KB )   ( 742 ) Two weeks after inoculation with ToMV, the activities of POD, PPO and PAL, and changes in peroxidase isozyme patterns in six varieties of tomato with different levels of resistance were analyzed. The result show that the levels of POD, PPO and PAL activity in inoculated plants were higher than that in noninoculated ones, that the more susceptible the variety, the more its changes in inoculated plants. There were two new isozyme bands appeared in susceptible variety, and only one new isozyme band appeared in resistant variety.

  Studies on the Influence Factors of Wheat Transformation in Pollen-tube Pathway Xi Yajun, Ren Peng, Liu Shudong, Zhu Jianchu, Lun Wei, Lu Ming 2004, 20 (6):  23-23.  Abstract + ( 1929 )   PDF ( 1163207KB )   ( 1170 ) Gene type, transformation time and plasmid DNA density in pollen-tube pathway were investigated by wheat varieties Xinong 1376 and Zhong 13 as the transformation receptor and pCMLA35-1 plasmid which carried leaf senescence-inhibition gene PSAG12-IPT as the vector. The results showed that plasmid DNA density was correlation to the ratio of seedset significantly but gene type and transformation time was not. With plasmid DNA density increasing in the range of 0~700 ng/μl, the ratio of seedset could be reduced correspondingly. The difference was significant in plasmid DNA density of 300 ng/μl and 500ng/ul and quite in 700ng/μl. The transformation ratio of different gene type was not same because of the different transformation time and plasmid DNA density. The suitable transformation time and plasmid DNA density for Xinong1376 was 40~80 min and 300~500ng/μl and transformation ratio was highest with treatment of 500ng/μl×40 min. However, the suitable for Zhong 13 was 80~120min and 300ng/μl.

  Research Progress of Gene Transformation in Maize using Agrobacterium tumefaciens Gao wujun, Lu longdou, Wei kaifa, Sun fucong, Li ruili 2004, 20 (6):  26-26.  Abstract + ( 2230 )   PDF ( 1177425KB )   ( 608 ) Researching progress of several key factors that maize gene transformation using Agrobacterium tumefaciens were reviewed，including explant，base-medium and supplementary, co-culture temperature，signal molecular and Vir gene activation。Research found that immature embryos are the optimical explants especially when it is from 1mm to 2mm , the co-culture temperature from 200C to 250C. Research demonstrate that the barrier of transfer the foreign gene to the gramineous plants using Agrobacterium tumefaciens is lack phenol and it is difficult to induce the Vir gene activity.So supplementary the acetosyringon in co-culture medium was essential to efficient transfer foreign gene to gramineous plants. Besides, a high incidence of T-DNA transfer was also closely associated to the supplementary such as organic nitrogen , amino acid and metal ions.

  Study on Tissue Culture of Taihang Chrysanthemum Yao Lianfang, Dong Meihua, Mao Yushou 2004, 20 (6):  29-29.  Abstract + ( 1487 )   PDF ( 1156974KB )   ( 687 ) The tissues cultures on stem apex bud and stem section with axillary bud of Taihang Chrysanthemum were studied. The results showed that the explants of Chrysanthemum treated by 0.1%HgCl2 in 5min (stem apex buds) and in 8min (steam section) could obtained low rate of dead and infection. The tissue disintegration of the explant could have the three forms that were, callus and plantlet growing directly and callus and adventitious buds growing at the same time. Tube Seedling is very good in take root.

  The Development of Studies on Flax Transgenic Technique and the Question Existed Song Shumin, Xia Zunmin, Han Xicai 2004, 20 (6):  32-32.  Abstract + ( 1538 )   PDF ( 1069747KB )   ( 677 ) The article summarized the development of research on flax transgenic technique in the field of flax：(1)the authors in and outside appraised and cloned the object gene succeed;(2)the studies a variety of gene transformed method；(3)abase the system of flax genetic transformed by the agrobacterium tumefactions get a number of new longitude of transgenic flax。And cast light on the low percent of transformed，the bad operation in the transformed exogenous gene，the transgenic plant is not study in the genetic side new。

  Establishment of Grape Explant in Simplified Tissue Culture Cui Gang, Li Wenchao , Gong Yanqing，Sun Debao，Sun Zhongxu 2004, 20 (6):  36-36.  Abstract + ( 1951 )   PDF ( 1144186KB )   ( 777 ) To obtain high efficient grape explant system in simplified tissue culture, a lot of compared experiments were made on Bactericides concentration ,soaked time and concentration in medium. Experimental results showed that soaked in 4%for 6h and inserted in 0.2% medium, the succeed percentage of grape explant could arrived 95% above, and the differentiation was normal.

  Effects of the Controlled Atmosphere Drying and Hot Air Drying on Drying Speed and Product Quality of the Agaricus biporus Lin Qixun, 2004, 20 (6):  39-39.  Abstract + ( 1477 )   PDF ( 1307791KB )   ( 614 ) In order to improve the quality of dried Agaricus biporus slices, a small modified atmosphcric dryer developed by the authors was used to conduct the experiment for the slices of Agaricus biporus, in which CO2, N2 were used as drying media to replace partial air. The effect of Controlled Atmosphere Drying (CAD) and hot air drying on the drying speed and product quality of the dried products was analyzed. The results showed that the slices of Agaricus biporus with CAD in drying process filling N2 to replace partial air not only the highest drying rate could be obtained, but also could get the mass fraction of vitamin C was better, the mass fraction of ADF was losing, and could obviously reduce browning degree, the fiavour and quality of the Agaricus biporus were satisfactory.

  Effect of Biological Inhibitors and Refrigeration On The Longan Quality Wang Zejin,, Su Daqing, Yang Yanfen ,, Huang Jinzhi,, Tong Jinhua, Lin Qiqun, 2004, 20 (6):  43-43.  Abstract + ( 1625 )   PDF ( 1319870KB )   ( 755 ) To improve the freshness quality and the commercial rate of longan, biological inhibitors were used to treat the experiments for low-temperature controlled atmosphere (CA) storage. Using orthogonal experiment, the effects of biological inhibitors on longan pericarp browning and the freshness quality were analyzed. It was showed that under the same low temperature CA conditions, the biology inhibitors was used to treat, inhibit the respiratory intensity of longan, the changes of enzymatic activity was reduced, senescence of longan fruit and longan pericarp browning were also delayed during freshness, prolong life of the fruit and effectively kept the flavor and nutrition, commercial rate was higher.

  Factors of Influencing Nitrate Accumulation in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaf Xu Zicheng, Chen Wei, Huang Pingjun, Yang Shulin 2004, 20 (6):  47-47.  Abstract + ( 1654 )   PDF ( 1168100KB )   ( 1137 ) The nitrate and nitrite are precursor to form tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA) in tobacco leaves. Factors that influence the precursor of TSNA could affect the accumulation of TSNA. Therefore，it is great important to decrease the TSNA content through controlling the accumulation of nitrate and nitrite in production of high quality and low harmful tobacco leaves. Some key factors that influence nitrate accumulation in flue-cured tobacco leaf were analyzed. Effects of different genotypes, leaf positions, environmental conditions, nutrient elements, and flue curing techniques on nitrate accumulation were summarized.

  Application Effects of Increase Production Reagent with Selenium-Abundant on Green Rice Zhu Jianjun, Liu Lihua 2004, 20 (6):  50-50.  Abstract + ( 1353 )   PDF ( 1057329KB )   ( 572 ) The results indicated that foliar spraying of Increase Production Reagent with Selenium-Abundant (IPRSA) on green rice could markedly increase their grain numbers, grain weight, contents of Selenium in grain and yield of grain, and evidently increase agricultural efficiency，which demonstrated that this strategy was worth popularizing and application. The best yield-enhancing results would be achieved by foliar spraying with 150 gram of IPRSA per 667 m2 at the stage of heading spike.

  he Influence of Aroma and Taste of Cured-leaf on Flue-cured Environment in Yellowing Stage Ai Fuqing, Shi Huiqin 2004, 20 (6):  52-52.  Abstract + ( 1534 )   PDF ( 1323145KB )   ( 635 ) With the best regression of two factors of temperature and relative humidity, the experiment studied the relationship between leaf quality and curing environment in the yellowing stage of flue-cured tobacco. The result indicated that the content of petroleum ether extract, aroma and taste of cured-leaf presented a trend of parabola curve, which increased to a higher level in the range from 37 to 38 degrees of temperature and 84 to 90 percent of relative humidity (RH). The study also showed that it had a good relationship between the content of petroleum ether extract and aroma and taste.

  Effects of Organic Management on the Stability of Arthropods in Organic Tea ardens Huang Zheng’en, Du Xiangge, Dong Min, Yang Dongpeng, Zhang Yulu 2004, 20 (6):  57-57.  Abstract + ( 1578 )   PDF ( 1083362KB )   ( 563 ) In this experiment, the stability of arthropods in 3 different plots in the organic tea garden and1control plot in the conventional tea garden, in Baise, were studied with statistics .In the3 plots of the organic tea garden, the stability of arthropods were higher than in the conventional tea garden. Organic management helps to the stability of arthropods.

  Application of GC/MS Technique for Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Foodstuffs Zhao Xiaomeng, Yu Tongquan, Lu Ping, Yang Liu, Wang Shuying, Wang Jianli, Chen Na 2004, 20 (6):  60-60.  Abstract + ( 1813 )   PDF ( 1183190KB )   ( 1424 ) Pesticide residue analysis methods are becoming more useable with the further research work and getting simple, quick, sensitive, low-cost and easy to use. Due to high sensitivity，reliable identification and multiresidues detection, GC-MS has been widely used. Normally GC-MS method includes extraction, purification and analysis of pesticide residues. Often used sample preparation means have liquid-liquid Extraction, Solid Phase Extraction (SPE), Solid Phase Micro-Extraction (SPME), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), Super-Fluid Chromatography (SFC), Refrigeration, Precipitation and so on. U.S has made a simple and easy sample preparation method, named QuEch-ERS.U.S has developed GC-MS analysis method for 251 pesticides and their metabolite on fruits and vegetable, Japan has established fast screening method for 101 pesticides by GC-MS too. Otherwise, GC-MS is also used for fatty food[3] and wine pesticide analysis. Although there already have some research works on pesticide residue analysis in our country, the standard methods almost use conventional instrument, such as GC, LC. GC-MS is only used for result confirmation, not for multiresidue analysis.

  Study on Stability of Major Quality Traits of Good Quality Varieties for Eating Li Xiaoxiang, ZhaoZhenghong, LiYongchao, ZhouBing, ZhangShihei, MingJun 2004, 20 (6):  63-63.  Abstract + ( 1446 )   PDF ( 1191930KB )   ( 537 ) 20 good quality varieties were grown in single-cropping late season rice and double-cropping late season rice in 2002 in Changsha and from Dec.15, 2001 to April 20,2002 in Sanya. Milling, apparent qualities and cooked rice elongation of 60 samples of 20 varieties and cooking quality of 33 samples of 11 amongst 20 varieties were tested. Variation coefficients of rice quality traits under 3 different environment conditions were calculated. Quality index of 9 quality traits of 11 varieties was calculated by the agricultural minister standard of the cooking rice variety quality NY/T-593-2002. The result showed that the stability of quality traits, which related to quality index varied with rice varieties. Variation coefficients of rice difference quality traits have great disparity. The percentage of quality traits, which reach standard of the third class, varied with variety and environment.

  Study on Relationship between the Chemical Components and Aroma Quality of Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco Bi Shufeng, Zhu Xianling, Ma Chengze 2004, 20 (6):  67-67.  Abstract + ( 1687 )   PDF ( 1053510KB )   ( 768 ) The correlation analysis between the chemical components and aroma quality showed that the chemical components which had close relation with aroma quality were mainly sugar，the chemical compound including nitrogen and total ash. The step regression analysis showed that the effects of chemical components on the aroma character were alkali > total sugar > total nitrogen > total ash, the effects of chemical components on the aroma quantity were total sugar total ash > total sugar.

  Relationship of Soil Additive, Soil Microorganism and Tomato Early Blight Du Xiangge, Qu Zaihong 2004, 20 (6):  69-69.  Abstract + ( 1716 )   PDF ( 1014489KB )   ( 635 ) In the greenhouse, tomato seedling was treated with 100 times, 200times and 300times of juice of clover and leek and wood vinegar, and with three different way of treatment: spraying the leaf, sprinkling the root and sprinkling the root combination of spraying the leaf. Then the disease index of tomato early blight was investigated, and the controlling effects was calculated .At the same time, the quantities of microbes around the tomato root were counted. The result from this study indicates that, with the ways of sprinkling the root and sprinkling the root combination of spraying the leaf is better than with the way spaying leaf for three different soil amendment controlling the tomato early blight, the same as the quantities of microbes around the tomato root. The wood vinegar and the juice of leek have certainly effects of controlling tomato early blight. Of three different soil amendments, with 100 times of wood vinegar treatment with the way of sprinkling the root combination of spraying the leaf got the best effect in controlling early blight, measured as 33.33%.

  The effects of irradiation with Co60-γ ray on seed germination and M1 characters of Parthenocissus quinquefolia Fu Yanrong Han Yi Sun Zhenyuan Cai Han Zhao Liangjun 2004, 20 (6):  73-73.  Abstract + ( 1674 )   PDF ( 1252501KB )   ( 646 ) The seeds of Parthenocissus quinquefolia which had been cold stratified were irradiated with 60Co-γ ray. The seed germination, the early stage growth of seedling, the growth of M1 plants and morphological variation were observed. The results suggest that irradiation dose for seed germination and early stage growth of seedling were restrained mid-extent was 40～50Gy . The irradiation dose for the growth of M1 plants was 40Gy and so on. The suggested irradiation dose for seeds of Parthenocissus quinquefolia is 30～40Gy. The morphological variation of M1 plants is not significant. It can be concluded that the morphological variation frequency of M1 plants of Parthenocissus quinquefolia induced by Co60-γis low.

  Study on Multiformity and Utilization of Wild Vegetable Resources in Henan Province Wang Guangyin, Zhao Yipeng, Li Huichao, Meng Li 2004, 20 (6):  77-77.  Abstract + ( 1681 )   PDF ( 1367783KB )   ( 824 ) The wild vegetable resources in Henan Province are quite rich. The resource involves 91 families, 226 genera and 415 species. The statistics and analysis on the characteristics of species, biological properties, eatable parts, the time of collection, and environment of growth were conducted. The geographical distributions of wild vegetable resources were given in the present paper. The present situation and the ways of rational exploitation and utilization of wild vegetable resources were also discussed.

  Study on Potato Dormancy Characteristic and Control of Sprout Sun Maolin,Yang Wanlin, Li Shulian, Enrique Chujoy 2004, 20 (6):  81-81.  Abstract + ( 1714 )   PDF ( 1217388KB )   ( 762 ) The dormancy characteristic of potato tubers is analyzed from cultivars, self-pollination lines and hybrid lines. The result showed that dormancy phase and whole sprout phase of three types are , cultivars need 42d~70d and 35d~42d; self-pollination lines need 56d~77d和42d~49d ; hybrid lines need 56d~91d和49d~63d when they were stored in common condition.. The dormancy-time and sprouting-time of tuber can decrease 25.0~62.5% and the 34.7~71.4% by gibberellins treatment, but grow of buds would turn into week. The sprouting phase of tuber can be shorted 28.6~50.0% by the changed-temperature treatment, and the buds grow be become robust. The sprout of tuber can be inhibited by CIPC treatment effectively.

  Advances in the Studies of Function Genes for Drought Tolerance Zhang Yong’en, Li Chaohai, Wang Qun 2004, 20 (6):  85-85.  Abstract + ( 1722 )   PDF ( 1276317KB )   ( 1449 ) Drought is an important stress factor, which destroys the normal growth of plant. There were many researches on drought tolerance. People had identified many genes which can improves the ability for drought tolerance. This is a groundwork for the research of drought tolerance ability of plant in molecule level. In recent years, more drought tolerance genes were detected and being well known by people. The ability for drought tolerance of different type plant was improved by translated these genes successfully. This article provided a summary of these function genes for drought tolerance and the activity of their applications in drought tolerance engineering.

  The Progress in Research on the biological characteristics of Aloe 2004, 20 (6):  89-89.  Abstract + ( 1610 )   PDF ( 1380473KB )   ( 657 ) The study progresses aloe biological characteristics, including the history of aloe planting, the main aloe species and mutations in China, anatomical and morphological research progress on aloe leaves, aloe karyotype analysis and some protection enzymes, such as SOD, POD in aloe, were summarized in this paper. And we introduce our work which have been finished and being done now, such as, abnormal meiosis of pollen mother cells was one of chief reason which resulted in abortive pollen, refined technics of aloe polysaccharide, and isolation and purification of aloe chromone.

  Study on Propagation of Garcinia multiflora 2004, 20 (6):  93-93.  Abstract + ( 1427 )   PDF ( 1203291KB )   ( 499 ) Experiment was conducted to study the propagation of Garcinia multiflora with branches under cutting forms and concentrations of plant regulators, and seed with and without seed coat under concentrations of plant regulators. The results showed that it was difficult for cutting branches surviving, while seed without seed coat treated with BA (50μl/L) germinated well.

  The Measure and Suggest about Planting Tree in Salt Such Soil Wang Ying 2004, 20 (6):  96-96.  Abstract + ( 1201 )   PDF ( 1218689KB )   ( 693 ) The study is about the relation of tree growing and soil salt tree of bear the salt ability and so on.The suggest is brought up that improve salt the such soil ,that is to say improvement cultivation measure ,increasing the organism fertilizer ,improving alkaline soil and planting the green manure etc.

  Studies on Suitable Planting Period of High Starch Corn Variety Zhangdan21 Zhang Xin, Wang Zhenhua, Liu Wengcheng, Zhang Qianjin 2004, 20 (6):  99-99.  Abstract + ( 1562 )   PDF ( 1190259KB )   ( 512 ) The influence of different planting period on growth and yield of Zhengdan 21 was studied．The maximum leaf area index was high before 6/15 planting. The maximum dry matter accumulation is in flowing and growth stage．The results showed that the suitable Planting period is before 6/15，but not too early．

  Primary Study on the Grain Quality of Double-cropping Super Rice in South-China Chen Jianwei, Chen Youding, Wu Donghui 2004, 20 (6):  102-102.  Abstract + ( 1741 )   PDF ( 1278558KB )   ( 668 ) Study on grain quality character of double-cropping super rice in South-China, based on 7 criteria of the national standard, was conducted in the experiment field of Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences at 2001 late crop and 2002 early crop. The results showed that, 1) grain qualities of seven South-China 2-crop super rice were better than that of excellent commercial rice varieties in the same district, its boiling qualities increased highly. 2). Variance analysis showed very significant difference in head milled rice and chalkiness between early crop and late crop, while significant difference in chalky rice and rice shape.

  Studies on Main Characters of A New Wheat Variety Shaan 253 with Strong Gluten and Good quality Pang Hongxi, Pei Awei, Wang Yi, Li Shuobi 2004, 20 (6):  106-106.  Abstract + ( 2275 )   PDF ( 1275722KB )   ( 597 ) This paper gives the results of kernel yield and main agronomic characters about a new wheat variety Shaan253 with high kernel yield and strong gluten, which come from the Shaanxi Regional Tests, the Shaanxi Productive Test, the National United Identification Test and several comparing trails among varieties, etc. The results show: Shaan253 possesses multiple good agronomic characters, such as growing vitality , robust plant ,mid-short straw ,compact plant-type, upward leave and earlier maturity, wide regional adaptation, etc. It also holds over mid-resistance to several main wheat diseases, such as stripe rust , powder mildew and leaves blight . It also has good quality characters, such as high gluten content, longer development time and longer stability time. Farther more, it has high kernel yield potential in known good quality cultivars, such as Xiaoyan6 , Shaanyou225,Gaoyou 503,etc. Its yield potential is over 7500 kg／hm2, and it is easy to get more than 6750 kg／hm2 in commercial production. Under tests condition, its average yield is same as that of the contrast variety Shaan229 . All in all, Shann253 has good prospects in good quality wheat commercial production.

  The Achievement and Development Trend of Good Quality Rice Research in Hunan Zheng Ruifeng，, Yu Yinghong，, Xia Shengping, Pan Meishan 2004, 20 (6):  110-110.  Abstract + ( 1507 )   PDF ( 1291379KB )   ( 814 ) It was briefly introduced the achievement and the development in the collection and the evaluation and the utilization of good quality rice resource, the good quality rice breeding, the standard system and the culture technology system research of good quality rice. More than 5000 Hunan local rice resources and about 1000 foreign rice resources were collected and reserved. 120 good quality rice varieties were bred, including 115 conventional rice varieties, 8 three-line hybrids, 7 two-line hybrids. A series of good quality rice culture technology system was researched out, aiming at increasing the sink, the total plant yield, and the economic coefficient, reducing the pollution of chemical. The rice resources of tolerance high temperature and resistant to pests are being collecting. The examination and measure technology of heavy metal and chemical leftover are being researching. The yield potential, the character of resistant to pests, and the quality of rice variety will be enhanced, by using the conventional breeding technology and modern biotechnology. The reasonable space-time arrangement and economic regional distribution of good quality rice variety should be researched also.

  Study on Characteristics of Pollens Scatteration and Spikes of Wheat Variety Yumai No.66 Zhan Kehui, Wang Linhai, Ma Suqin, Cheng Xiyong 2004, 20 (6):  114-114.  Abstract + ( 1615 )   PDF ( 1052095KB )   ( 597 ) The inflorescence organization, the blooming habits and the spike characteristics of Yumai No.66 were studied in this paper. The results showed that Yumai No.66 had bigger anther and patulous angle of glume, longer flowering period and more kernels per spike, flowers per spike, extruded anthers and kernels of the middle spikelet than Yumai No.49 and Yumai No.18, so it is a good male parent in the study of hybrid wheat.

  Effects of Different Soil Moisture Before Sowing on Physiologic Character and Yield of Summer Maize Li QuanQi, ChenYuHai, Yu Shunzhang, Yu Qiang, Luo Yi, Ouyang Zhu, Wang JiShun 2004, 20 (6):  116-116.  Abstract + ( 1624 )   PDF ( 1271821KB )   ( 619 ) The experiment was conducted at YuCheng Comprehensive Experimental Station to study the effect of different soil moisture before sowing on physiologic character and yield of summer maize. The experiment showed that in the condition of very droughty, the treatment which irrigated at jointing and heading stage in growth period of wheat and 100mm water in growth period of summer maize gained maize kernel 7466.58kg/hm2. The leaf area, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of the treatment were much higher than the others, but stomata resistance and leaf temperature were much lower. The variety of above physiologic index were caused by irrigation in growth period of winter wheat, so caused the difference of soil moisture before sowing. Because the difference of soil moisture before sowing, the yield of every treatment were also different. The experiment also showed study water problems of crops should be combined with specific planting system.

  Study on the Panicle Characters of Several Large Panicle Hybrid Rice Combinations and Their Effects on Yield Ye Xinfu, Jiang Jiahuang, Lu Libin, He Qin 2004, 20 (6):  120-120.  Abstract + ( 1338 )   PDF ( 1146311KB )   ( 632 ) Three new large-panicle type hybrid rice combinations Teyou70,Gang501，Teyou124 were used to study the large-panicle character and its influence on other yield characters. Results showed that the yield of the large panicle combination was higher when the combination's rate of primary branches and secondary branches was higher. Because the setting percentage and 1000-grain weight in the spilekets on primary branches are higher than those on secondary branches, and its grain sink was coordinated to source with more spilekets、more setting spikelets and more setting spileketes weight per unit leaf area. Additionally, it was pointed that it would be easier to get higher yield rice combination by selecting the characters of longer panicle length, more primary branches and lower grain density.

  Breeding of a New Wheat Variety Zhengnong 16 with High Quality ,Strong Gluten and High Yield Liao Xiangzheng,, Ma Qiaoyun, Li Jinchao, Lei Tiwen 2004, 20 (6):  123-123.  Abstract + ( 1570 )   PDF ( 1057754KB )   ( 582 ) Zhengnong 16 with high quality ,high yield ,disease resistance and extensive adaptability was selected by Zhengzhou Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences by making cross with female parent Zhengnong 7 and male parent Xiaoyan 6 in 1992. Its 3-yield-factors is in harmony and its quality reaches the national level of strong gluten wheat .The variety is disease resistance and was cultivated in southern area of Huanghuai. The Crops Examination and Approval Committee of Henan province has approved it in 2003.

  Bio-characters and usage of the new triticale variety, Lincao (mai) No. 1 Yang feng, Lu jinxiu，Zhang dingyi，Dang jianyou，Yan cuiping， Zhu xiuzhen 2004, 20 (6):  125-125.  Abstract + ( 1871 )   PDF ( 1229147KB )   ( 528 ) The Lincao (mai) No. 1 has strong antifreeze, well adaptability and high yield of grass, the yield of fresh grass reached to 60000~75000kg/hm2, the protein got to 19~27%, when planted in many places of Shanxi and popularized in Linfen form 2000 to 2003. This paper introduces the source, bio-character and merit of the new grazing variety, Lincao (mai) No. 1. The advantage and feasibility of Lincao (mai) No. 1 were advanced, and this will have important significance to stockbreeding development.

  Improvement and Utilization of Maize 78599 Germplasm Zhang Renhe, Xia Jiangang, Xue Jiquan , Shi Gongxian 2004, 20 (6):  128-128.  Abstract + ( 1864 )   PDF ( 1175093KB )   ( 739 ) The introduction, utilization and improvement of the maize foreign germplasm are very important taches in maize cross breeding of our country and are also the key to success or failure on our breeding. Our country introduced the maize 78599 hybrid from Pioneer Co. of American, it passed the comparison trial of yield and had the properties of high yield, good quality, disease resistance. Inbred lines “Qi319”, “178”,“Dan599”,“P138”, “Dan598”“K22”etc.all come from 78599 hybrid. They have been more 50 hybrid maize varieties combined with planted for 7.993 million hectares. They were excellent core germplasm resources. In breeding practice, transformed gene was obvious with the effect of improvement between core germplasms.

  Research Progress of Plant Type in Rice Wang Fenghua, Wang Guixue, Huang Junli, Zhang Zilong 2004, 20 (6):  131-131.  Abstract + ( 1875 )   PDF ( 1405072KB )   ( 1100 ) The third breakthrough of rice yield will engender in high yield breeding combining ideotype and heterosis. Morphology of ideotype, culture physiology, heredity and breeding ,molecular biology related to plant morphology formation of plant type in rice were reviewed.

  Analysis of the Heterosis and Inheritance of Agronomic Characters for the Hybridizations between Cultivated Rice and Common Wild Rice Li Jinquan, Lu Yonggen, Feng Jiuhuan, Zhao Xingjuan, Liu Xingdong 2004, 20 (6):  136-136.  Abstract + ( 1497 )   PDF ( 1254047KB )   ( 652 ) 12 combinations were made between cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) and common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) according to the incomplete diallel mating design. Quantitative analysis of the heterosis and genetic analysis of 11 agronomic characters with additive-dominative model were made for theses combinations. The results showed that the average heterosis for 12 combinations was –0.608~3.301. Strong heterosis for the panicles per plant and length/width ratio of spikelet was their main characteristic. Panicles per plant, length/width ratio of spikelet, seed setting rate and heading date for the combinations between cultivated rice and common wild rice showed stronger heterosis markedly than those for hybridizations between indica rice and japonica rice. The general heretability in the broad sense were 0.50~0.92, rather high for 11 characters. The general heretability in the narrow sense were 0.24~0.82, with length/width ration of spikelet and heading date showing rather higher general heretability in the narrow sense while the other characters were low. There existed significant or very significant phenotypic correlations and genetic correlations among 11 characters. These relationships can be the efficient reference index while making indirect selections in breeding.

  Research on Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Rice Quality Lu Bilin, Wang Weijin,Yang Zemin,Yao Sumei 2004, 20 (6):  140-140.  Abstract + ( 1570 )   PDF ( 1138915KB )   ( 691 ) Three plant growth regulators (9,10-Propyl dihydro jasmonate, Brassica napus and 5-Aminolevlinic acid) were sprayed for Yangdao No. 6, Liangyoupeijiu and Shanyou 63. The results as follows: Different regulator had different affect on rice quality. BR and ALA caused decreasing of the head rice rate and increasing of chalky rice rate, while PDJ enabled the head rice rate to increase, and chalky rice rate to decrease in a certain degree. Different density of ALA caused the decreasing of the head rice rate, and the increasing of the chalky rice rate as well as chalkiness. All of them could improve the ratio of ripened grain and the 1000 grains weight of varieties. The gel consistency in hybrid rice increased, which opposite to routine rice. The amino acid content of brown rice rate varies.

  Study on the Cause of Asynchronous Flowering Period and Its Predictable Method during Corn Hybrid Seed Production Sun Xiaowen, Sun Jinghua, Wang Lixin 2004, 20 (6):  143-143.  Abstract + ( 1630 )   PDF ( 1070750KB )   ( 650 ) By research and practice of corn hybrid seed production, it Studied and analysed the many kinds of cause that bring asynchronous flowering period during corn hybrid seed production. It pointed out the predictable methods of corn flowering period, such as predictable methods of leaf-age, observed method of visible leaf, unsighted leaf and young male spike differentiation etc. It is important to instruct corn seed production and improve the seed yield that these methods are applied to corn hybrid seed production.

  Study on Combining Ability of Several Maize Inbreds With Guizhou Local Strain Pan Minna Zheng Changxiang 2004, 20 (6):  145-145.  Abstract + ( 1809 )   PDF ( 1051205KB )   ( 592 ) 13 maize inbreds developed by our institute or introduced from Guizhou or other domestics regions were made 78 cross combinations according to Griffing (1956)’s method 4.5 inbres of them were with Guizhou local strain. Field experiment was conducted. The general combining ability effect (GCA) was estimated. The results showed that GCAs of inbred Da013, Jiao51 and 5003 were high.

  Effect of different density and N-application rate on maize quality Ruan Peijun, Ma Jun, Mei Yan, Yang Yuanping 2004, 20 (6):  147-147.  Abstract + ( 1826 )   PDF ( 1142939KB )   ( 888 ) Using quadratic saturation D optimum design method, we studied the effect of different density and N-application rate on maize quality，The results showed that rational close planting and increasing N-application rate can raise maize yield and improve maize quality。By simulated test and optimality selection，we put forward cultivation techniques(maize yield ≥112500kg/hm2 ，coarse starch≥65%, coarse fat ≥4.55%, coarse protein ≥11.2%，lysine≥0.33%，tryptophan≥0.075%)：density is 53475~72435 stubs/hm2，nitrogen-application rate is 278.85~488.70 kg/hm2。

  Study on Sowing time Experiment of High starch maize Zhengdan 18 Wang ChengYe, Wang YouHua, Zhao SuQin, Zhang Haishen, Xu Bo 2004, 20 (6):  150-150.  Abstract + ( 1473 )   PDF ( 1157417KB )   ( 548 ) The sowing experiments of high starch maize variety Zhengdan 18 was done in Zhumadian Henan. Through studying on different breeding time during sowing-time, plant height, material accumulation, main economic properties, output analysis comparation,we found that the preliminarily master sowing-time is May 26-June 20,which is suitable for the south area of Henan Province. The results gave some scientific basis for the fertile culture and popularizing of this variety in a larger scale in the south area of Henan Province.

  The Cotton High Density Planting in High Yields County and Xinjiang Zhu Yuguo 2004, 20 (6):  153-153.  Abstract + ( 1757 )   PDF ( 1151663KB )   ( 677 ) Xinjiang locates in interior region of Europe and Asia, Which weather is dry and little rain; the temperature of day and night is wholly different. The spring air temperature backs up slowly, pour the cold weather in spring high frequency, the usually different degree in soil returns the salt and alkali, The basic level plants the unit of the cotton to usually Can't according to farmland ecosystem natural cover the protection the degree again certain winter and spring flooding farmland order of sequence, can't be reasonable certain the cotton starts to seedtime and different type the cotton farmland the fitting seedtime, cotton farmland soil and seeds the quantity all because of every kind of reason can not reach the cotton sow seed for sow the cotton farmland quantity request, cotton after sowing seeds the putrefy seeds that usually appear the different degree, lack the seedling; Under Rigorous situation appear the putrefy seeds in the cotton farmland, lacking seedling , Under the extremely passive circumstance Xinjiang the experiment and the demonstration breeds the personnel, passes" a cave stays two of plants" the etc. method resolved the new variety( strain) experiment and the demonstration the cotton farmland the large-scale lacking the seedling of the cotton farmland protects the seedling plants number few problem effectively, experiencing successively to fail many times, end broke the national cotton the high yields the record many times, creates the new mode in high density planting in cotton, is high for the cotton of Xinjiang to yields planting create a new road son.

  Effects of Nitrogen-fertilization on Grain Yields and Rice Quality of the Different Rice Varieties Luo Zhixiang, Su Zesheng, Shi Fuzhi, Ruan Xinmin 2004, 20 (6):  156-156.  Abstract + ( 1510 )   PDF ( 1139787KB )   ( 576 ) Research on the difference of the fertilizer-N agronomic use efficiency (AEN), grain yield and the rice quality by using six varieties under five levers of N-fertilized. Results showed that the grain yield was improving with the amount of the N-fertilized increasing. Under the different levers of N-fertilized, the AEN were difference. The AEN was decreasing with the amount of the N-fertilized increasing. But, different varieties have a different result under the different levers of N-fertilized. The AEN of the Xieyou 57 was the highest under the lever of 75 Kg N-fertilized. At the difference yield objects, the object could be achieved by using the difference varieties. But, the risk of Xieyou 9019 was the lest. Because its average AEN was the highest. Duochandao and the Shanyou63 were the varieties, which could endure the lower lever of N-fertilized. At the amount of 150Kg N-fertilized, the rice quality could be improved.

  Comparative Study on the Productivity and Soil Moisture of Brome grass (Bromus inermis) under Sole Cropped and Strip Intercropped with Astragalus adsurgens Xu Bingcheng，Shan Lun 2004, 20 (6):  159-159.  Abstract + ( 1405 )   PDF ( 1182519KB )   ( 610 ) The seasonal aboveground biomass and soil water of bromegrass (Bromus inermis) under sole cropped and strip intercropped with Astragalus adsurgens were comparatively studied. The results showed that strip intercropping could significantly improve bromegrass productivity and postponed its green growth periods, and also could maintain upper layer soil moisture, promoted the use of lower layer soil moisture, which was favorable to soil water use and cycle.

  The Study on the Law of Nitrogen Absorption in Soybean Wang Ligang, Liu Jinghui, Liu Keli, Gao Julin 2004, 20 (6):  162-162.  Abstract + ( 1551 )   PDF ( 1143125KB )   ( 691 ) The experiment studied soybean law of nitrogen absorption, distribution and transferring under different density and fertilizer treatment, taking BeiFeng-14 as test variety and adopting 5 factors and 3 levels treatment. The result is as following: As growth of soybean, the nitrogen concentration in each soybean organ is descending except for seed; moreover, leaf’s nitrogen is always larger than stem and leafstalk. The largest absorption rate appears form pod- setting to pod- filing, which is 15.17mg /d individual plant.

  Studies on the Effect of Pathogenesis-Resistance and Product-Increase of Co-amino-oligosaccharide to Panax quinquefolium Liu Chunyan, Bi Kezheng, Chen Kaoshan 2004, 20 (6):  166-166.  Abstract + ( 1352 )   PDF ( 1147800KB )   ( 692 ) It was observed that the yields of 1~4 P. quinquefolium were increased by 34.8%, 12.8%, 16.6% and 15.7% respectively when treated with co-amino-oligosaccharide (spraying). The prevention and control of disease on P. quinquefolium (caused by Rhizoctonia solani、Cylindro carpon、Phytophthora cactorum and Alternaria spp ) were 69.8%、61.4%、66.5% and 49.5% respectively. With the application of co-amino-oligosaccharide, the root of Panax quinquefolium was white、short and thick,. The economic benefit increased 20% when treated with co-amino-oligosaccharide. It was demonstrated that Panax quinquefolium not only increased yield but improved pathogenesis-resistance when treated with co-amino-oligosaccharide (spraying).

  Effect of Fertilization on Growth and Nitrate Content of Celery Zou Guoyuan, Wang Youshan, Xing Lijun, Ni Xiaohui, Wang Meiju 2004, 20 (6):  175-175.  Abstract + ( 1999 )   PDF ( 1041393KB )   ( 644 ) Field experiment has been carried out to study the effect of different rate of fertilizer nitrogen and microbial inoculation on growth and nitrate content of celery. Results showed that whether microbial inoculation or not increase of fertilizer nitrogen rate raised celery yield. With same level of fertilizer nitrogen rate inoculation of AM fungi “93” significantly increased celery yield. Celery nitrate content increased greatly with higher input of fertilizer nitrogen. Inoculation of AM fungi “93” helped to get same yield aim with lower input of fertilizer nitrogen, therefore it would reduce nitrate content of celery greatly.

  Different Kinds of Fertilizer Afferect the Yield and Grain Quality in the SRI He Yangdong, Ma Jun, Wei Wanrong 2004, 20 (6):  177-177.  Abstract + ( 2235 )   PDF ( 1336045KB )   ( 788 ) By way of using different kinds of fertilizer in the system of rice intensification,the results have showed: under the same condition of cultivation and management, All fertilizers can enhance the number of tillering of rice. The number of tillering in rice of maximum is treatment 3(organic fertilizer). Maximum effective tiller rate is treatment 6(microbes activity fertilizer+organic fertilizer+fertilizer). The root activity of treatment 6 is the highest on heading stage of rice,,the grain yield of treatment 6is higher than other treatments. Using different kinds fertilizer, the effects of grain quality are different under SRI condition. By applying organic fertilizer, it can improve machining quality of rice (especially increase milled rice and head mill rice.) and decrease the percentage of chalky kernel and chalkiness. It can decrease amylose content of rice that organic fertilizer coordinate using fertilizer. It was obvious to improve grain quality that organic fertilizer coordinated using fertilizer or microbes activity fertilizer coordinated organic fertilizer and fertilizer.

  Effects of long-term application of chlorine-containing chemical fertilizers on growth and nutrients absorption of rice Zou Changming, Gao Jusheng, Wang Boren, Shen Huaping 2004, 20 (6):  182-182.  Abstract + ( 1869 )   PDF ( 1176690KB )   ( 538 ) Samples of rice plants gathered from the Long-term Fertilizer Experiment, located in Qiyang, Hunan Province and established in 1975, were used to investigate effects of applying chlorine-containing chemical fertilizers on growth and nutrients absorption of rice. Results indicate that: Application of chlorine-containing chemical fertilizers decreased significantly some nutrients (P, Ca, Mn, Cu, Si) uptake of rice. Otherwise, the application curbed transportation of Cu, Zn, Si and P within plant of rice. As a result, rice grain form ratio was lower and lodging ratio was higher in treatments with the application than treatment without the application.

  Study on effects of PC Compound Plant Growth-regulator on Main Agronomy Characters and Lodging Resistance in Maize Liu Genqi, Guo Lequn, Jiang Qi’ao, Zhao Shimin, Liu Chunguang 2004, 20 (6):  185-185.  Abstract + ( 1562 )   PDF ( 1285190KB )   ( 696 ) Maize palnts were treated with PC compund plant growth-regulator at 0.3% comcentration during 10~12 leaves show that the growth-regulator can significanty decrease the plant height，ear height and increase the resistance to loding of maize.In the experiments of Yedan 13, Zhengdan 13, Yuyu 27 and Anyu 13, the plant height decrease by 24.2~50.2cm and the ear height decrease by 14.8~27.3cm compared with controls,and had a certain effect on its 100-grain weight，grain weight per ear and yield.In addition, the results of electrophoretic analysis of peroxidase isozyme and souluble protein showed that it could give rise to the change of maize on physiology and biochemistry level after PC plant growth-regulator treatment.

  Effect of Applying Special Control Releasing Fertilizer on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Watermelon Fang Yong, Ma Junwei, Zhu Senling 2004, 20 (6):  192-192.  Abstract + ( 2002 )   PDF ( 1279384KB )   ( 674 ) In this article, the effect of applying special control releasing fertilizer on the growth, yield and quality of watermelon are studied. The results show that using special control releasing fertilizer that is composed of ureas wrapped with organic membrane, inorganic membrane and polyacrylamide hydrocarbon membrane produced in Beijing as the basal manure can increase the yield, which reaches 9.43%, 7.85% and 27.17% separately. Meanwhile, the length of main stem, the melon amounts of single plant and the weight of single melon are all obviously increased. The percentage concentration of sugar is increased and the quality is improved too. At the same time, the rapidly providing state of N, P and K for soil in the melon’s different growing stage and the nutrition of N, P and K contained in the plants is discussed.

  Effects of Zinc and Manganese Fertilizers on Maize Growth and Chlorophyllous Contents under Drought Condition Yin Xianqiang, Wang Guodong, Sun Hui min, Han Xinning 2004, 20 (6):  196-196.  Abstract + ( 1815 )   PDF ( 1150729KB )   ( 693 ) An experiment was conducted in greenhouse to study the effects of zinc and manganese fertilizers on maize growth and chlorophyllous contents. The application of zinc and manganese improved the growth of maize in water sufficient and drought condition. Under drought conditions, the maize height, dry shoot weight and dry root weight were increased 11.7%, 37.8% and 69.3% in zinc treatments, compared with no zinc treatments, respectively. While those increased in manganese treatments were 12.6%, 24.8% and 29.5%, compared with no manganese treatment. Under water sufficient conditions, the increase of above growth indexes were 10.7%, 11.1% and 30.3% in zinc treatments and 9.0%, 7.6% and 21.6% in manganese treatments. In water sufficient conditions, the application of zinc increased Chla, Chlb, and Chlt with 14.3%; 15.3% and 14.8% respectively. While those increased in manganese treatments were 31.7%; 40.0% and35.8% respectively. In drought conditions, the application of zinc increased Chla, Chlb, and Chlt with 8.9%; 10.23% and 9.5% respectively, and those in manganese treatments were 16.3%; 11.7% and 12.6% respectively.

  The Comparison of Different Fertilization Modes at Xinjiang Village of Yongning County Zhang Shijun, Huang Yuyuan,, Wei Shiqiong, Li Guangfeng, Liao Liyu 2004, 20 (6):  199-199.  Abstract + ( 1516 )   PDF ( 1207442KB )   ( 550 ) The effects of different fertilization modes that using biogas sludge and bio-liquid compared with using most chemical fertilizer to form product quality and soil fertility in Xingjiang village, Yongning county of Guangxi were made experimental analysis. The mechanism, which produced different effects, was made also theoretical analysis. Specific proposals were introduced about how to carry out further steps to modern eco-agriculture strategy, which could be consulted with regard to strengthening eco-agriculture construction throughout the country.

  Effect of Manure and Biological Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Component of Rice Wang Cheng’ai, Zhang Wenxiang, Zhao Lei, Zhao Xiuzhe, Gao Lianwen, Li Xiaoguang 2004, 20 (6):  202-202.  Abstract + ( 1620 )   PDF ( 1139697KB )   ( 754 ) Manure and biological fertilizer was used in this article to study utilizing amount of these fertilizer and affect on yield and yield component. The result shows that using manure and biological fertilizer have obviously increased yield of rice than Nitrogen, Phosphors and Potassium mixed; Nitrogen, Phosphors mixed; Nitrogen and Potassium mixed and Nitrogen used only. The effects of manure and biological fertilizer on yield and yield components have confirmed. And high yield prescription of manure and biological fertilizer, phosphorus vivid reagent and nitrogen have selected and it can save nitrogen 12.5%~37.5% without using Phosphors and Potassium.

  The Causes of Aging and Decay in Fresh–cut Anthurium Guo Zhaowu,, Xiao Langtao, Zou Yingbin 2004, 20 (6):  205-205.  Abstract + ( 1404 )   PDF ( 1442668KB )   ( 536 ) Anthrium is very valuable cut flowers in the world, and its many varieties are easy to age and decay. Former tests showed that cut-Anthuriumms insensitive to Ag+. This study proves that the aging and decaying cut-Anthurium is not caused by ethylene but caused by the reduction of the stress resistance of Anthurium, the strengthened respiratory metabolism, the exhausted inner energy substance, the reduction of the contents of GA3，Z and ZR of the growth promotion phytohormones,the soaring of the content of the abscisic acid of the growth inhibiting phytohormone, All these will lead to the destruction of the tissues,cells and subcellular structures, the pigment degradation, the color change and finally the decay.

  Effect of pruning in modifying tree form on constitute of shoot types and fruiting on dwarf Red Fuji apple trees Ruan Banlu, , Li Bingzhi, Jun Guangren, Zhang Linsen, Xu Bing, Li Jianguo 2004, 20 (6):  210-210.  Abstract + ( 1714 )   PDF ( 1050200KB )   ( 678 ) The effect of different degree of pruning on constitute of shoot types and fruiting was conducted on 10 –year-old Red Fuji apple trees on M. 26 interstock. The results showed that middle and long shoots was increased, the yield was decreased, fruit quality was improved, flower formation was increased, and trend of biennial bearing was decreased when pruning in modifying tree form was increased heavily. But when pruning was too heavy, it will stimulate tree growth more vigorously, fruit quality was decreased, and flowering were decreased. The suitable pruning in modifying tree form is cutting 50%~60% total shoots. Bending shoots heavily and exercising summer managements are necessary measurement after modifying tree form.

  Changes and Determination of the Fatty Acid Composition of Peony and Chinese Peony Flower Wang Ronghua, LiuYali 2004, 20 (6):  212-212.  Abstract + ( 1678 )   PDF ( 1130472KB )   ( 643 ) In order to disscuss the compositiopn and contents of the fatty acid in peony and chinese peony flower; as well as its utilization, the methods of esterification was used to get the oil sample and composition of fatty acid were tested by gas chromato graphy. The result indicated that the main higher fatty acids in petals were hexade canoic acid, lionlenic acid, lionleic acid and oleic acid etc．

  Achievements of S4-gene between self-compatible and self-incompatible Japanese pear cultivars Lu Jinhai 2004, 20 (6):  215-215.  Abstract + ( 1890 )   PDF ( 1119755KB )   ( 587 ) In this article, achievements about S4-gene between self-compatible and self-incompatible Japanese pear cultivars last 20 years were summariaed. The results were show as follow: Nijisseiki(S2S4) is a self-incompatible cultivar, and its self-compatible mutant, Osa-Nijisseiki (S2S4SM, SM=stylar part mutant ) of Japanese Pear. The reason of the self-compatibility of Osa-Nijisseiki is considered as low expression of the S4SM-gene and the S4SM-gene expression only in stigma. and late expression of the S4SM. Osa-Nijisseiki is a variant of Nijisseiki in which the S4-allelic gene in the S-locus is exclusively mutated or deleted, causing severely impaired or suppressed expression of its gene product, S4-RNase, and the style. The amino acid sequence of S4-protein was 228 residues long, which comprised a 27-residue signal peptide and a 201-residue mature protein. S4-gene was composed of 997 bp including a 684 bp open reading frame of positions 85-768, there were two candidates for the putative polyadenylation signal of positions 925-931 and 943-950. S4-protein showed inhibitory effects on the pollen germination and the pollen tube growth.

  The Investigation of the Adaptability of Taiwan Guava in Zhangzhou Chen Qingxi, Wang Yuling, Lan Zhifu 2004, 20 (6):  219-219.  Abstract + ( 1806 )   PDF ( 1095643KB )   ( 737 ) The characteristics of biology，the adaptability and the economic profit of three varieties of gavar, which are all introduced from Taiwan have been investigated. The results showed that all of the three varieties are suitable for growing in Zhangzhou，especially the Pearl (Averrhoa carambola L. cv. Pearl). It’s average weight is 422.1 g, firmness of fruit is 9.0kg/cm2, soluble solids are 12.6%, total acids are 0.21%, Vc is 88.92mg/100g, the content of total sugars are 6.7% and reductive sugars are 2.98%. The Pearl fruits all year round, with excellent quality and the price of 5~6yuan/kg. And some cultivation techniques of it are introduced in this paper.

  Comparative studies on Isonuclear Alloplasmic CMS Lines and Hybrids in Brassica napus.L Liu Chuang-she Dong Zhen-sheng Dong Jun-gang Liu Xuan-xia Li Hong-bin，Yan Zi-bing，Gao Chong-yu 2004, 20 (6):  221-221.  Abstract + ( 1854 )   PDF ( 1190675KB )   ( 541 ) The results showed that 212A is stable cytoplasmic male sterile line due to its bud died in low temperature by selfing, artificial pollination and morphological observation. The yield of the crosses between three CMS lines and 1102C were higher 11.1% and 7.1% than cross 213A/1102C and 214A/1102C,inspectively.The combining ability of 212A is higher and then cross 212A/1102C was released by National Crop Approval Committe and cross 212A/116C by Shaanxi Province Crop Approval Committe.

  Studies on New Techniques of Cuttage Reproduction and Coming Out from Nursery Rapidly of Tea Qin Xiujv, Lin Chaoci, Chen Xinqiang 2004, 20 (6):  224-224.  Abstract + ( 1720 )   PDF ( 1160271KB )   ( 664 ) The objective of this study was to explore new techniques for the tea-growing seedling. The major method was cuttage of short stem with a long lateral shoot and application of plant growth regulator. The experiment result showed it was favorable obviously to raise survival rate and the rate of nursery coming out and to shorten the times of growing seedling. The highest survival rate reached 100%,the rate of nursery coming out was 90.2%.The times of growing seedling were about 4~5 months and shortened above 6 months as compared with the method of cuttage of short stem. The nursery can be used successively. Diseases, insets and weeds were decreased obviously. It is favorable for decreasing the costs of growing seedling and increasing economic incomes.

  Effect of soaking cucumber seed with different concentration acidic electrolyzed water on seed germination and seedling quality Gao Xin-hao,，Zhang Zhi-bin，He Chao-xing，Wang Huai-song，Guo Shi-rong. 2004, 20 (6):  227-227.  Abstract + ( 1533 )   PDF ( 1061755KB )   ( 699 ) The effect of soaking cucumber seed with different concentration acidic electrolyzed water was studied. The results showed that the acidic electrolyzed water with appropriate concentration could accelerate seed germinating and raise seedling quality. The optimum acidic electrolyzed water characteristics for cucumber seed soaking should be about: pH 2.35、ORP 1135mv、concentration of available chlorine 30 mg·L-1。

  Field Effect Experiment on Applying Potash Fertilizer and Covering Grass in Cultivation of Edible Abelmoschus Yan XiaoDong 2004, 20 (6):  229-229.  Abstract + ( 1519 )   PDF ( 1071100KB )   ( 499 ) The result of the field experiment on applying potash fertilizer and covering grass has showed that potash fertilizer and covering grass can help to enlarge the outcome of the crops；In addition, it can also protect Edible abelmoschus from disease. Totally, by applying potash fertilizer and covering grass, the production reaches dramatically by as high as 36.4%, meanwhile, the rate of getting sick decrease by 17.4% to 18%; the relative effect of protecting weeds gets to 89.7%.

  Effects of Moisture Stress on the Photosynthesis Physiological Characteristics in Bothriochloa ischaemum Cheng Linmei, Li Zhanlin, Gao Hongwen 2004, 20 (6):  231-231.  Abstract + ( 1755 )   PDF ( 1216724KB )   ( 613 ) In this paper, under the dry soil in tablelands, hills and gullies, that in Bothriochloa ischaemum were determined they were the photosynthesis rate, leaves water patential, chlorophyll containing, stomatal resistance, transpiration strength, cell membrance permeability and proline acidcontent accumulation. With the dry soil, the result showed that in Bothriochloa ischaemum leaves water patential, transpiration strength, photosynthesis rate and chlorophyll containing were lowered, the leaf”s stomatal resistance, cell membrance permeability and proline acidcontent accumulation were increased. By reliefing moisture stress and recovering water’s supplying during 48 hours, the various indexes that were researched can recover 50% of the normal water supplying. This showed Bothriochloa ischaemum has the strong ability of regulating itself, the adaptability and the patience to the dry soil.

  Diversification of the Phenols Contents in Walnuts Fruits Wang Yong, Wu Guoliang, Xu Yangang, Zhang pengfei, Zhao Haishan 2004, 20 (6):  234-234.  Abstract + ( 1627 )   PDF ( 1064598KB )   ( 899 ) The change of the phenols contents in walnuts fruits was studied by spectrophotometric method.The result of the study showed :①The phenols contents in walnuts fruits were very high. ②the phenols contents of the outermost green peels in walnuts fruits were significantly lower than ones of the peels of the seeds. That is . The average contents of phenols were 122.6mg/g D.Wt and 384.4mg/g D.Wt respectively. ③ The higher level of the phenols contents in the peels of the seeds affected walnut fruits quality.

  Elementary Study on the Mechanism of Drought Resistance of Asparagus Officilins Zhang Yuxia, Li Zhigang, Wang Yanshu, Tan Weiwei, Du Xiaoyan 2004, 20 (6):  236-236.  Abstract + ( 1675 )   PDF ( 1303154KB )   ( 577 ) The seedlings of Asparagus officinlis being retreated with different concentration of PEG-6000 were measured content of osmoticum, permeability of biomembrane and antioxydization characteristics. The results indicated that the contents of free Pro and soluble sucrose increased significantly with the increase of dealing time, and treatment of 20% PEG-6000 was the most effective; the activities of CAT, POD and SOD increased prominently under the treatment of PEG too, but the effects of the different concentrations of PEG0-6000 had little difference; the relative conductivity improved with the increase of contents of PEG and dealing time; contents of MDA increased with the longth of dealing time ,and contents of MDA significantly increased under treatment of 10%and 20%PEG.All these indexs showed that Asparagus officinlis has abilities to adapt drought stress to some extent by adjusting osmotic substance, decreasing water potential and improving water maintenance; By improving protective enzymes activity ,Asparagus officilins improved antioxydization ability to reduce damages of drought stress.

  Transgenic Maize Evaluated for Resistance to the Asian Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) He Kanglai, Wang Zhenying, Wen Liping, Bai Shuxiong, Zhou Darong 2004, 20 (6):  240-240.  Abstract + ( 2267 )   PDF ( 1172034KB )   ( 732 ) A transgenic Bt maize hybrid expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin, Cry1Ab protein, and its negative isoline hybrid were evaluated for against the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), in field trials and laboratory bioassays. The Bt hybrid, NX4777, was developed by Novartis Seeds, using event Bt11, which expresses Bt toxin in green tissue as well as reproductive tissues including the tassel, silk, and kernel. Bt hybrid was compared with the negative isoline control, NX4906. Maize plants were artificially infested with neonate larvae of the Asian corn borer at the mid-whorl, pre-tasselling, and silking stages. Hybrid resistances were based on leaf feeding ratings, larval controls, as well as stalk and ear damages. Bt hybrid sustained significantly less leaf feeding damage (rating 1) than its negative isoline control (rating 7). On average, there were only 0.04~0.20 larvae survived per plant, 0.11~0.15 tunnels per stalk with 0.13~0.41 cm tunnel length per plant, respectively, and none of plants were stems broken or ears damaged on Bt hybrid under different infestations. In contrast, there were 6.19~12.41 larvae survived per plant, 4.48~7.05 tunnels per stalk with 12.41~24.09 cm tunnel length per plant, respectively, and 73.6%~95.5% plants were stems broken and ear damage ratings was 5.9 on the negative isoline control. Laboratory bioassays indicated that there were only 0~1% of larva survived when neonates fed on fresh whorl leaves, young tassel, and fresh silk of Bt hybrid, compared with more than 88.7% of larvae survived on the negative isoline control. These results demonstrate that transgenic Bt maize can provide season-long control of the Asian corn borer.

  Research of GEB Extracts on the Snail, Ampullaria gigas Spix Luo Yue, Zeng Xinnian, Zhang Shuai, Xiong Zhonghua, Wu Suzhen 2004, 20 (6):  243-243.  Abstract + ( 1304 )   PDF ( 1242669KB )   ( 566 ) Experiments in laboratory were conducted to test the efficacy of methanol extract of Gelsemium elegans Benth(MGEB), Chloroform extract of Gelsemium elegans Benth(CGEB) and Gelsemine hydrochloride(GH) against the snail Ampullaria giga. The results showed that, MGEB and GH, Especially GH, had satisfactory molluscidal effects against young snail. The snail mortality was 84% in the concentration of 60mg/L in the 24 hours after treatment, and 100% in 48 hours. 100% in concentration of 20mg/L, and 60% in concentration of 5mg/L in 72 hours. LC50 was 13.17mg/L in 24 hours and 4.80mg/L in 72 hours. It showed no much difference while compared to 45% Fetin Acetate WP (LC50 was 6.91mg/L and 2.18mg/L, respectively). But CGEB had lower toxicity to young snails. The snail mortality was only up to 24% in 72 hours. As to the adult snail, MGEB and GH also have better effect than CGEB. The LC50 of MGEB was 221.63mg/L and 82.28mg/L in 24 hours and 72 hours, respectively; the LC50 of GH was 81.74mg/L and 41.99mg/L in 24 hours and 72 hours, respectively. It showed lower toxicity than 45% Fetin Acetate WP (LC50 was 41.58mg/L and 8.36mg/L, respectively).

  The Advancement of Study on Chromosomal Location of Yellow Rust Genes of Wheat and Molecular markers ZHang Hong, Ji Wanquan, Ren Zhilong, Zhang Qiufang, Wang Changyou, Wang Qiuying Wu Jinhua, Xue Xiuzhuang, Cai Dongming 2004, 20 (6):  247-247.  Abstract + ( 1679 )   PDF ( 1249503KB )   ( 882 ) The study on Yr genes’ chromosomal location of wheat and molecular marker were reviewed, and put the emphasis on progress in research on locus of Yr genes, mode of inheritance, cultivars contenting Yr genes and molecular markers. Some references to study and utilize Yr gene, the best way to control the stripe rust, were showed in this paper. 14 markers, linked with Yr5, Yr7, Yr8, Yr10, Yr17, Yr26 and Yrmoro, were obtained. The work of designation and study on new genes may be strengthened.

  Advances in long-distance migration of wheat aphids Guo Wei, Shen Zuorui 2004, 20 (6):  251-251.  Abstract + ( 1207 )   PDF ( 1312057KB )   ( 724 ) Wheat aphids, Macrosiphum avenae, Schizaphis graminum, Rhopalosiphum pad and so on, are one of the most serious and economically damaging pests widespread throughout the world. Moreover, it has been reported wheat aphids have great capabilities in long-distance migration. The advances were introduced as follows, netting the aphids, the vectors of plant diseases, the test of computer monitored flight-mill system, etc. The source areas of immigrant aphids are estimated here. Ecological implications of the immigrant aphids and the relevant problems to be studied in future are discussed.

  Study on Latent Infection of Mango Stem End Rot Pathogens Luo Yuanchan, Huang Siliang, Yan Weihong, Cen Zhenlu,Xie Ling 2004, 20 (6):  255-255.  Abstract + ( 1806 )   PDF ( 1529793KB )   ( 502 ) Latent infections of mango stem end rot pathogens were investigated in the trees and fruits of two mango cultivars grown in the mango orchard of Guangxi University at different periods. The results of investigation indicated that some stem end rot pathogens were found to occur endophytically in the shoot prior to flowering. There were at least 10 kinds of fungi causing mango fruit rot that obtained from the period of pre-flowering to post-harvest. Except 9 fungi producing conidia, all of the others belonged to nonsporulating fungi. Among the 9 isolated fungi, Dothiorella dominicana Pet.et Cif, Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. And Diplodina sp.were the major pathogens that caused mango stem rot in the orchard, while Pestalotiopsis mangiferae (P.Henn.) Sutton. and Phomopsis mangiferae Ahmad were the minor ones. D. dominicana., B. theobromae and P. mangiferae latently infected the shoots perior to flowering, Diplodina sp. invaded fruitlets and made ripe fruits rotten. P. mangiferae latently infected ripeless fruits before harvest.

  The Field Experiment of Oligogalacturonides Controlling Apple Mosaic Zhao Xiaoming., Li Donghong., Du Yuguang Bai Xuefang 2004, 20 (6):  262-262.  Abstract + ( 2056 )   PDF ( 1190371KB )   ( 797 ) The field trial of Oligogalacturonides controlling apple mosaic was done ,the results indicated that the controlling efficacy of Oligogalacturonides diluted 300-500 times by water was 87.81%~92.08% which was higher than that 81.11% of contrast pesticide-Dukexing.The range of increased yield of the tree sprayed oligochitosan was 20%~23%. Oligogalacturonides is a good biocide to controlling Apple mosaic.

  Antagonistic Activity of Chitosan to Soil-borne Pathogen of Vegetable Li Baoying 2004, 20 (6):  265-265.  Abstract + ( 1423 )   PDF ( 1102214KB )   ( 708 ) Chitosan were antagonistic to pathogens, which were used in this experiment. The antagonistic activity to Rhizoctonia solani Kühn was 60.7%, to Fusarium was 56.8%. It was weak to Phytopthora capsici Leon.

  The Characteristics, Causes and Counter Measures of Hunan Province’s Crops Biological Damage Li Yiping 2004, 20 (6):  268-268.  Abstract + ( 1310 )   PDF ( 1321877KB )   ( 711 ) On the basis of multi-site and many years of systematic survey and research, to summarize that crops biological damage is serious loss than flood and drought and etc, and summarize the characteristics such as commonly occurred, outbreak damage, it also analyzes their occurrence causes and puts forward the counter measures of the establishment of new type biological damage management mechanism, the increase of in put and the implement of integrated control and prevention.

  Discussion on Technology to Raising Yields of Wheat Planted in Hilly Dry Land in the West of Henan Province According to Its Ecological Conditions Wang Huacen, Liu Wandai , LI Qiaoling，Li Lei 2004, 20 (6):  276-276.  Abstract + ( 1447 )   PDF ( 1075338KB )   ( 555 ) On the hill dry land of the west of Henan province, China, little precipitation, drought and barren soil, a small quantity of fertilizer application, and serious water loss resulted in low and changeful yields of wheat plants. Combinations of the above ecological conditions with characteristics of wheat plants, we proposed some ways to raise wheat yields in this region. The planting ways of “four water and one early” included deep plough to hold rainwater, more fertilizer application to supple water, more seeds to save water, good mange to decrease water loss. And the seeding ways were mainly: ditching seeds in the field, the plastic-mulching cultivation and drought-resistant sowing.

  Research Progress in Ecological Carring Capicity Wang Ning, Liu Ping , Huang Xihuan 2004, 20 (6):  278-278.  Abstract + ( 1634 )   PDF ( 1310918KB )   ( 1067 ) This paper expatiates upon the Carring Capicity’s origin, evolvement and development,and states the domestic and overseas progress of Ecological Carring Capicity.And briefly evaluating the different concepts and the research methods of ECC.The paper also put forward the direction of research in future :to strengthen the research of the basis theory of ECC,to mix together the subjects, to apply the 3S to obtain and analyze the data.

  Effect of Drought on Rice Quality Wang Pingrong, Deng Xiaojian, Gao Xiaoling, Chen Jing, Wan Jia, Jiang Hua, Xu Zhengjun 2004, 20 (6):  282-282.  Abstract + ( 2022 )   PDF ( 1123416KB )   ( 647 ) Using 9 hybrid combinations and 4 restorer lines, the effect of continuous drought on rice quality, was analyzed during flowering, filling and seed-setting stages. The results showed that the drought reduced milling quality of rice, especially, most significantly decreased the head rice rate. The drought treatment also increased chalky grain rate and chalkiness significantly, but the effect on grain shape was not very significant. These results indicated that the drought reduced grain appearance quality. In our experiments, because the drought raised gelatinization temperature, harden gel consistency and decrease amylose content of rice, cooking and eating quality of rice should be influenced. So, It was proposed that production of good quality rice should firstly select good quality variety, meanwhile, should choose production base with both of suitable temperature and sunlight condition and good irrigation condition. In the cultivation of quality rice, field water should be managed properly during filling and seed-setting stages, in which special attention should be paid to keep field suitable water (soil moisture) in the later stage.

  Investigation on accumulating ability of agricultural products to soil heavy metal Huang Yun, Liu Guangde, Li Qilin, Zhao Zhongjin, Xie Jinfeng 2004, 20 (6):  285-285.  Abstract + ( 1588 )   PDF ( 1287950KB )   ( 911 ) Collection 314 samples of citrus fruits, rice, three-colored amaranth, asparagus lettuce, green Chinese onion, French bean, hot pepper, wild cabbage and the soil, test the content of heavy metal Pb, Cd, Hg and As in these samples. By direction difference analysis and clustering analysis, the accumulating ability of citrus pulp, wild cabbage, hot pepper, French bean is very small in the 8 kinds of agricultural products. It is fit to plant citrus pulp, wild cabbage, hot pepper, French bean in the soil where there is higher content of Pb, Cd, Hg and As.

  Preliminary Searching for the Characteristics of Soil Biological of Seaisland Cotton Field in Tarum Valley in Drop Irrigation Fan Junhua, Liu Ming, Zhu Minghui 2004, 20 (6):  290-290.  Abstract + ( 1569 )   PDF ( 1193319KB )   ( 561 ) Preliminary Searching for the Characteristics of Soil Biological of Seaisland Cotton Field in Different Irrigation Models, The result showed that the quantities of microbe of seaisland cotton field, rhizosphere and no-rhizosphere in drop irrigation is more than in furrow irrigation. Effect of rhizoshpere is evident in two drops irrigation. Soil is anaerobeic in drop irrigation ,the soil enzyme activity is increase obsolete, but drop irrigation can offer moisture and nutrient to crop quantitative with water, and maintain sensible concentration of nutrient and moisture also, gratify desideration of the cotton to water and fertilizer suitable time, quantum sufficit, timely and enhance utilization of moisture and nutrient in effect, effectiveness of the increase in yield is very well.

  Effects of Controlling Soil Water Content On Physiologic Characters and Field in High Yield Winter Wheat Dai Kaijun, zhang Rui, Liu Xinlun, Wang Xingzhong, Zhuan Jin 2004, 20 (6):  293-293.  Abstract + ( 1550 )   PDF ( 1137024KB )   ( 590 ) In order to study the variety of physiologic character, yield composition and yield result in different treatments of controlling soil water during tiller, booting and filling, high yield winter wheat were studied in cover of canopy to prevent rainwater. The results showed that there have remarkable distinctions for the winter wheat under different soil water content treatments during each growing stages. It appeared in such ways as photosynthesis rate, evaporate rate, leaf water potential. The result also showed that the later growing stages were more sensitive than the early growing stages to the soil water content and the wheat yield had been more affected by the soil water content in later growing stages. According to the photosynthesis rate, evaporate rate, leaf water potential and final yield of wheat, the suitable soil water content of water saving irrigation scheme of different growing stages were 45%~55% during tiller, 55%~60% from tiller to booting, 65% after filling.

  The Effect of Environment Pollution on the Ecosystem Services of the town Xue Jun, Tao Lihua, Zhang Guangsheng, Zhou Qing 2004, 20 (6):  296-296.  Abstract + ( 1342 )   PDF ( 1208358KB )   ( 573 ) Classification of ecosystem service including direct and indirect economic benefit, as well as evaluation of it including Substitute market techniques and simulation market techniques have been introduced in this paper, based on ecosystem service’s conception. The application of it in different ecosystem has been emphasized. A lot of studies show that environment pollution such as acid rain, heavy mental and abnormal climate have obviously made serious side effects on urban ecosystem functions, and caused great decrease in ecosystem service value. E.g. acid rain makes serious reduction of crops’ production, degradation of vegetation and acidification of soil and water; heavy metal accumulates and enriches in organism, which causes organism into chronic poisoning. In the end of the paper, it gives some suggestion on the evaluation of ecosystem services and the layout of the town, which emphasizes the consideration on economy consumption of the ecosystem recovery and cooperative effect the ecosystem service owns itself.

  Applying “3s” Technology in Monitoring of Pollution-free Food Base Li Guojing, Tai Shehong, He Guojin, Hu Yongde, An Liqing, Wang Wei, Jiao Weili 2004, 20 (6):  304-304.  Abstract + ( 1999 )   PDF ( 1393384KB )   ( 569 ) This text introduces some application instances that using “3s” technology monitor pollution-free food base of Beijing. It introduces and analyses methods of RS , GPS and GIS which are used to analyze dynamically and manage base, discusses the suitable technology for monitoring area , changing , environment , etc of base by “3s” technology. Trough application instances, the text can prove the realizing of “3s” technology for monitoring base.

  Su Weiqiang1, Gu Lin2, Peng Hongxiang1, Liu Yeqiang1 (Horticulture Research Institute, GuangXi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NanNing 000; GuangXi PingSoft New Technology Co., Ltd., NanNing 00) 2004, 20 (6):  309-309.  Abstract + ( 1260 )   PDF ( 1205266KB )   ( 547 ) Litchi, Agricultural expert system, Development platform

  Design of Crop Adaptability Evaluation Expert System Based on Knowledge Model Chen Changqing, Zhou Zhiguo，Cao Weixing 2004, 20 (6):  312-312.  Abstract + ( 1617 )   PDF ( 1272281KB )   ( 706 ) The system has introduced the concept of knowledge model, and knowledge model system has been set up. On the basis of the knowledge model and positive and negative reasoning control strategy, integrating the knowledge engineering and database developed an expert system on crop adaptability evaluation. The computer aid decision of crops adaptability has been realized and following explaining was adopted in this system. An application example of wheat adaptability in Jiangsu was provided.

  Study on the Application and Contrast of CLIGEN and BPCDG in WEPP Model Application Miao Chiyuan, He Binghui, Chen Xiaoyan, Wu Yong 2004, 20 (6):  321-321.  Abstract + ( 1589 )   PDF ( 1267345KB )   ( 622 ) The paper applied the WEPP model, which is the most complicated soil erosion-forecasting model to predict the rainfall corroding, and contrast with measured value, though the observation on the runoffs and sediments of Suining group purple soil, then contrast the influence to the forecasting value between the climate generator and breakpoint climate data generator. By way of analyzing to the result, thinking that the WEPP model applying on the group purple soil erosion is reasonable, and the forecasting result of using the breakpoint climate data generator is superior to use the climate generator.

  Path Analysis for Main Characters in Yellow-seeded Rapeseed Lines (Brassica napus. L) Wang Rui, Li Jiana, Chen Li , Tang Zhanglin 2004, 20 (6):  325-325.  Abstract + ( 1397 )   PDF ( 1047199KB )   ( 901 ) A complete diallel of seven yellow-seeded rapeseed lines as samples, which come from different sources by using path analysis, was carried out. The main results showed that the number of siliqua per plant and the height of plant had a large positive effect on the yield per plant, path coefficient is 0.514 and 0.535 respectively. Whereas the seed coat ratio had a directly positive effect on the yellow degree, path coefficient is -0.798.

  A Brief Discussion of an Editor’ Qualities Required to a Periodical of Science and Technology Gan Haiyan 2004, 20 (6):  327-327.  Abstract + ( 1290 )   PDF ( 1303529KB )   ( 622 ) An editor plays a key role in the publishing of a periodical of science and technology. His/Her thoughts affect the overall layout of a periodical. Furthermore, he/she assumes the overall responsibility of refining a paper and its quality as well as of the publishing of a good periodical. The purpose of this paper, therefore, focuses on analyzing the effect of an editor’s quality on that of a periodical of science and technology and indicates that it is very vital to affect the quality of a periodical of science and technology as a qualified editor. In order to improve the quality of a periodical in the new era of knowledge explosion, the author also explores the quality that an editor of a periodical of science and technology should possess as follows: A firm political stand and professional moral quality; Higher level professional and relevant knowledge; Extensive knowledge and necessary literature accomplishment and professional editorial and publishing knowledge; Organizing and Coordination ability as well as communication skills etc.

  Underground Drip irrigation test in different drip irrigation zone with different lay intervals Kong Fanyu, Hu Tongjun 2004, 20 (6):  331-331.  Abstract + ( 1607 )   PDF ( 1194887KB )   ( 707 ) Through taking and test the interval of laying the different drip irrigations of underground drip irrigation, we confirmed this area adopt underground drip irrigation technology, the appropriate length of lay interval is100 meters. and the best products are “yirun” and “netafim”( heavy wall and thin wall), Loam under the terms, drip irrigation with the lay interval within 120 centimeters can take shape on the moist story of one underground, no matter which kind of sow way was used in the field, the rows of sow doesn’t have to be inosculate with the dirp irrigation zone, which can also meet crops and need water request

  Progress in Studies on Application of Drought-Resistance Chemicals of Crops Zhang Weixing, Zhao Zhi, Liao Jingrong, Wu Shengli 2004, 20 (6):  334-334.  Abstract + ( 1601 )   PDF ( 1556192KB )   ( 890 ) The increasing of crop production depends largely on the enhancing of drought resistance of crops. It is a new way out to regulate and control the growth and biochemical process of crops by chemical measures to enchancing the drought resistance of the plants. In recent years, the application of drought-resistance chemicals of crops has acquired obvious effects on wheat, rice、maize, tobacco, cotton, potato and vegetables so on. This paper summarizes the drought-resistance mechanism of crops、the varieties of drought-resistance chemicals, and its effects of application and physiological elements.

  Practices and Studies on Farmer Participatory Cassava Research and Extension Huang Jie Li Kaimian Ye Jianqiu Xu Ruili 2004, 20 (6):  342-342.  Abstract + ( 1522 )   PDF ( 1464050KB )   ( 856 ) Summarized the methodologies, process，results and achievements that Farmer Participatory Cassava Research and Extension were organized by Chinese Academy for Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS) in 1994-2003. Then，studies on the successful cooperative model and the better solvable method according to some problem in the past practices. Finally, outlined its theoretical concept, function and significance. Also future development in China.

  Creating Agricultural Vocational Education and Serving Agriculture, Countryside and Peasantry Ping Peiyuan, Ge Shengjuan, Qian Changgen, Cheng Shanshan 2004, 20 (6):  347-347.  Abstract + ( 1357 )   PDF ( 1317387KB )   ( 660 ) Analyzing the problem of agriculture, rural and peasants and the task of agricultural vocational education, the author raises agricultural vocational education should widely serve to agriculture, rural and peasants, and reform and create for its sustainable development.

  Analysis on Pattern and System of Agri-tech Promotion in Yangling 2004, 20 (6):  351-351.  Abstract + ( 1573 )   PDF ( 1302725KB )   ( 692 ) The spread of the agricultural sci-tech acts as the bridge and link of converting its achievements into real productive forces. The government of Yangling demonstration zone has been playing a key role in exploration of agricultural sci-tech system innovations, and actively functioning as Forced institutional innovation, Induced institutional innovation, successfully breaking path dependence of the system change exploring various new modes of agriculture spreading, promotion the cooperation between agricultural sci-tech research and real productivity, and providing a new thinking method for the development of our country’s agricultural sci-tech.

  Strategy and Policy of Technology Development for Food Security in China Jiang Zhide, Chang Guoqing, Yiang Lishe, Wang Qing 2004, 20 (6):  355-355.  Abstract + ( 1544 )   PDF ( 1204910KB )   ( 672 ) Technological innovation plays more important role to the food security. However, there are many problems in the field of food technology of China. The target of future food technology development is to meet the long-term food demand even at the summit population period by the breakthrough at the key realms of food technology. Carrying out the national major technological program, increasing the investment to agricultural research and perfecting the food technology extensive system are urgent policy choices.

  Analysis of Development on Present Litchi Production in Guangdong Wang Guoli，Li Yuan 2004, 20 (6):  358-358.  Abstract + ( 1958 )   PDF ( 1372205KB )   ( 795 ) Guangdong is a province where litchi is cultivated at the largest area and the highest yield, moreover the litchi has rich nourishment and great value on making medicine, therefore litchi industry develops quickly in Guangdong. Involved in the development of litchi industry, a way is to have the fresh litchi on sale freshly, as well as paves the way for it’s marketing. At the same time, it is necessary to push the litchi processing industry forward through multiple channels and attain series of high-technique processing products of litchi, which will enhance the economic and social benefit of litchi production. Finally, according to the problems during the litchi production, fresh-keeping, marketing and processing in Guangdong, some countermeasures were discussed. Generally, these all will not only lay the theory foundation to speed up the development of litchi industry in Guangdong, but play a certain guiding role in the producing practice.

  Competition Power of Western City and Process of Western Urbanization Liu Chao 2004, 20 (6):  362-362.  Abstract + ( 1403 )   PDF ( 1344019KB )   ( 771 ) Process of western urbanization is very slow; one important reason is that the Competition power of western City is weak. Therefore, Competition power of western City and sufficiently bring into play the driving and radiation role of key city are one important measure that promote western urbanization. Raise Competition power of western city should be paid attention to some aspect: establishing new viewpoint according with needs of development; strengthening cultivation of key city contesting power; raising Competition power of city properties and enterprises; strengthening development and management of human resources; grasping chance and being bold in innovation, attracting business and investment, harnessing ecology environment of city area and building ecological city.

  The situation of production and trade and strategy analysis of the sustainable development of Chinese strawberry industry Li Tianhong, Wang Lan 2004, 20 (6):  372-372.  Abstract + ( 1630 )   PDF ( 1310049KB )   ( 888 ) The incessant of strawberry trade among the world scope and entrance WTO successfully, provide the more opportunities for development of Chinese strawberry industry. Basing on the analysis of the current state of production and trade situation of Chinese strawberry industry, then proposes the general strategy, such as passing the development of advantaged characteristic grown areas of Chinese strawberry, to developing the lack environmental pollution strawberry production; bringing up the powerful strawberry process industry and efficiently circulation channels to realizing the management of industrialization; and accelerate bringing up the principal parts of production and management to realize the sustainable development of Chinese strawberry industry.

  Strategies for Developing Cassava Industry of Guangxi Luo Xinglu 2004, 20 (6):  376-376.  Abstract + ( 1926 )   PDF ( 1277165KB )   ( 962 ) Cassava is a very important economic crop in Guangxi of which the use is wider and the economic value higher than those of other crops. The cassava industry will become one of main pillar industries and one of new growing point of economic development in Guangxi with China entering WTO and the sugarcane industry of Guangxi facing serious challenge. There is evident natural vantage for cassava industry in Guangxi because the climate and soil in this area are very good for cassava growth. Cassava is a drought-resistant and infertility–enduring crop which of the production cost is lower than that of other crops. The cassava planting area in Guangxi every year is 230—280 thousands hm2 which is 60 percent of all the country .Not only the yield but also the product quality of cassava produced in Guangxi is better than that of in other area. However, there are some factors which restrict cassava production development in Guangxi, for example the processing industries falling behind, the varieties of cassava ageing, extensive cultivation and so on. Therefore it is necessary to develop processing industries especially deep-processing industries, to popularize high yield and high starch content cassava varieties and to improve cultivation in order to bring about cassava industrialization.

  The Analysis of Reasons Why the Rural Credit Agency Loan Is Failed to Be Repayed Currently 2004, 20 (6):  380-380.  Abstract + ( 1692 )   PDF ( 1244949KB )   ( 617 ) That rural credit agency loan can’t be normally repayed is an extrude question. Its reasons come from both interior and exterior aspects of all ,the policy factor, administration intervene, credit environment, interior management and so Enhance of Rural Credit Agency Credit funds quality, begins with credit foundation and institution foundation.

  Analysis and Discussion about The Difficulty of Raising Farmers’ Income in China Currently Feng Bingkun 2004, 20 (6):  383-383.  Abstract + ( 1338 )   PDF ( 1184430KB )   ( 578 ) The policy of regarding industry superior to agriculture is the main reason that causing the farmer difficult to raise income,beside the agricultural own special features and the lack of average field for every farmer in China currently.Therefore , to strengthen policy assisting for agriculture, to impel the process of village to city and to decline the farmer’ burden for taxes all around, are the crucial to resolve the question of raising farmer’ income.

  Thinking of how to guarantee farmers’ rights and interests in soil Wang Feng 2004, 20 (6):  386-386.  Abstract + ( 1385 )   PDF ( 1192841KB )   ( 492 ) According as the carrying out and fulfilling of the Law of the Contract for Rural Land, this paper discussed in detailed the strategies and methods of guaranteeing farmers’ rights and interests in soil from aspects of protection of farmers’ self-determination, the establishment of canonical mechanism of soil transition and the persisting in the soil protection policy.

  Implement Agricultural Standardization and Agricultural Disaster Prevention and Reduction Chen Hongjian 2004, 20 (6):  392-392.  Abstract + ( 1472 )   PDF ( 1183229KB )   ( 654 ) To implement agricultural standardization is not only the important content of managing agriculture with the industrial idea, but also the essential terms of ecological environment protection and disasters prevention and reduction and agriculture sound lasting development. The basic meaning of agricultural standardization and the important meaning of implementing it in agricultural disaster prevention and reduction have been narrated. On this basis, it has been analyzed that the question in agricultural standardization and agricultural disaster prevention and reduction, implore people to improve disaster prevention and reduction consciousness, implement agricultural standardization and protect the agricultural ecological environment actively, strengthen agricultural disaster prevention and reduction ability, promote the lasting sound development of agriculture.

  Study on Eco-Household Project and Sustainable Rural Economic Development on County Level Fang Yan 2004, 20 (6):  395-395.  Abstract + ( 1452 )   PDF ( 1567944KB )   ( 581 ) Based on the questionnaire and case study analyse for 4 counties (Qi and District), the paper concludes that the macro benefit on county level will be achieved when the eco-household construction taking household as the construction unit and biogas as the construction content has reached a certain amount and size. The promotion of livestock industry development and restructure of crop production is beneficial to the rational use of resources and improvement of ecological environment, and popularization and extension of agricultural technologies. Furthermore, presenting the reform of high tech to the traditional agriculture, it also provides the advantage on the improvement of farmer’s income and rural well-being construction. The active participation and experimentation of county government extremely enriched the activities on eco homestead construction, and provided the guidance on local agricultural and rural development for the local officials.

  Analysis of Agricultural Colleges Service for the Local Economic Construction Guo Manling, Zhang Junjie 2004, 20 (6):  401-401.  Abstract + ( 1221 )   PDF ( 1175672KB )   ( 551 ) Agricultural colleges are not only important places in which agricultural professionals are trained and agricultural scientific research are developed, but also borne heavy tasks for local economic construction and social development. Faced with market economy, agricultural colleges should renew their conception of education, strengthen the ideas to serve for local economy, go deep into local community and get service information of local economic construction development, and expedite development of them when serving for local economy. Agricultural colleges should contact local government and take different measures to serve for local economic construction.

  The Cause of Formation and Countermeasure of Talking About “Three Nong” Problem Huang Tianzhu, ChenXinyu, Li Hua 2004, 20 (6):  404-404.  Abstract + ( 2142 )   PDF ( 1366641KB )   ( 730 ) The key of “Three Nong” is answering the question “ where is money come from and where is the people go”. Its cause is that system of our country formed “city and countryside disport rule, one country two policy”, during a long period. Thus established the “Three Nong” stratagem of macro economy development, changed the system such as family contract duty, native place system, country finance tax system, local construct of government etc. tracking the market, industry and road of town is mainly measure resolve the problem.

  The Key Methods for Vegetables Industry Cool in Time Difference Area in Bashang Hebei Wang Wenze, Ma Wensheng, Cheng Lianjie 2004, 20 (6):  408-408.  Abstract + ( 1635 )   PDF ( 1175596KB )   ( 602 ) Bashang Hebei Cool Area is “ the no-public nuisance time difference vegetable producing base ” by Hebei province government, and the vegetable quantity, quality and market owning rate is very high. But we find there are many problems in the industry through studying the time difference vegetable industry status, for example, we can not develop the time difference superiority, use a few varieties, science technology content is low, no good unified market system, no deep processing industry, and scale producing ability is low, and so on. All these problems restrict the industry to develop. So we must extend new varieties, new technology, add science technology content, attract foreign businessmen investing, strengthen manageable department managing ability, extend comprehensive service model, strengthen market system construct, achieve scale standardization and serialization producing and selling model, enhance trademark consciousness, form trademark superiority, perfect intermediary organization, create industry association, open green passage depend on the government, promote the industry developing.