Current issue

• 2010 Vol.26 No.19 Published:05 October 2010

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  Purification and activity identification of antimicrobial peptides from Holstein bovine red blood cell 2010, 26 (19):  1-3.  Abstract + ( 1405 )   PDF ( 577005KB )   ( 902 ) Antimicrobial peptides from the red blood cell of Chinese Holstein were isolated by ion exchange chromatography and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Antimicrobial activity of purified peptide was tested by agrose radial diffusion assay. The results showed that the cation peak acquired by ion exchange chromatography had antimicrobial activity. 8 peaks acquired by RP-HPLC based on the activity distribution zone, which had the activity against E coli; peak F1, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F8 had the activity against Staphylococcus aureus; peak F2, F4, F5, F6 and F8 had the activity against Candida albicans. The results suggested that Antimicrobial peptides were isolated and purified successfully from bovine red blood cell and antimicrobial peptide of peak F6 had broad antibacterial spectrum and good antimicrobial activity.

  Investigation of Disease Status on Cow Mastitis in Henan Province 2010, 26 (19):  4-7.  Abstract + ( 1191 )   PDF ( 556602KB )   ( 923 ) Abstract：To understand disease status on cow mastitis in Henan province , taken on-site diagnostic and reagents testing and so on investigative methods, Investigation of disease status on cow mastitis five areas of Henan Province east, west, south, north, and Zhengzhou City in 2009 of April , August and December, Investigated a total of 87 dairy farms and 21,315 dairy cattle lactation. The results show that, the overall incidence of cow mastitis in Henan Province was 70.66%,the average rate of clinical mastitis incidence was 7.18%,and subclinical mastitis was 63.48%, ratio of clinical mastitis and subclinical Mastitis is 1: 8.84; Zhengzhou region has the highest rate of mastitis, was 74.13 %; Henan cow mastitis the highest incidence in August , was 82.25%;More than 4 fetal cow mastitis prevalence was significantly higher than 1 to 2 fetal cow prevalence (P <0.05)；Lactating cows in different stages of clinical mastitis and the incidence of subclinical mastitis significantly different (P <0.05). the incidence of clinical mastitis and subclinical mastitis in different stages of lactating ,significantly different (P <0.05). The results suggest that; Henan cow mastitis incidence is high, different management levels, season, parity, and different lactation stages with incidence are closely related.

  Detection and Identification methods of Microsporidia in Honeybees and Bumblebees 2010, 26 (19):  8-12.  Abstract + ( 1403 )   PDF ( 607934KB )   ( 1131 ) The microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites that infect many animals including honeybees and bumblbees, and harm to the cultivation of honeybees and bumblebees. Here, we reviewed the different detection and identification methods of microsporidia in honeybees and bumblebees. These methods contained the conventional biological methods, the molecular biology methods which based on PCR technique, the immunological methods and so on. All of these methods play an important role in the research and prevention of microsporidia in honeybees and bumblebees.

  Effect of Anemonin on intestinal ultrastructure of mice infected by PRV and E.coli 2010, 26 (19):  13-17.  Abstract + ( 1464 )   PDF ( 2199594KB )   ( 989 ) Anemonin is the main component of pulsatilla; it has significantly control efficiency on diarrhea. The aim of this study was to clarify the control efficiency mechanism of Anemonin on diarrhea .The diarrhea model was created by PRV and E.coli. The effects of Anemonin on intestinal micro-structure of diarrheal mice were dynamic obserated by microscopy. The results showed that the intestinal villus of the infected mice were acutely injuried. The intestinal villus displaied atrophy and dehydration; the villus tips appeared vacuolization and swelling, but the bases constricted. The injuries of prevention and treatment groups were lighter than the self-healing group, and the recovery time of intestinal mucosal was significantly shorter. The results suggested that the Anemonin can significantly preventive mice diarrhea infected by PRV and E.coli, the mechanism of the Anemonin for control diarrhea maybe has some relationships with lessen injuries and accelerate restored of intestinal mucosal.

  The actuality of Stockbreeding and its Development Route of Qinghai Province 2010, 26 (19):  18-21.  Abstract + ( 1550 )   PDF ( 570313KB )   ( 1084 ) On the background of demands for ecology construction and development stockbreeding in Qinghai, the grassland construction, the amount of domestic animals, the yield of livestock product and major factors which restrict the development of stockbreeding are analyzed in the paper. The results show as follows. The actuality of stockbreeding in Qinghai province embodies that the area of artifical grassland continuously increase, but its portion is little. At the same time the amount of small stock, such as pigs and sheep, is enhancing, and the amount of big stock is decreasing. The output of livestock products continuously advance. Major factors restricted the development of stockbreeding include the outstanding conflict among grass and livestock, lower level in science and technology, wide and draggle management, absence in large corporation and the lower degree of industrialization. On the base, the sustainable development stratagem include planting artifical grassland, nurturing in curve, breeding fine strain, changing structure of livestock group and advancing industry.

  One simple method for extracting of the wheat genome 2010, 26 (19):  22-26.  Abstract + ( 1590 )   PDF ( 1079779KB )   ( 1159 ) Abstract:【Objective】 In a comprehensive analysis of a variety of wheat genomic DNA extraction methods, one easy and efficient wheat genomic DNA extraction method had been improved and developed.【Method】 Spring wheat cultivar Thatcher, TcLr19, TcLr20 and TcLr28 as the materials were used to extract the DNA. And then was used as template to amplify the STS marker for leaf rust resistance gene Lr20, SCAR marker for Lr19 and Lr28, SSR marker for Lr28. 【Result】The result showed that clear and right bands or smear were amplified. 【Conclusion】It means that the method could get the high quality DNA for PCR analysis. This method reduce the DNA extracting processing, costs, and pollution to the environment and human being, and therefore provided solid base for the preparation of large number of samples for PCR-based assays.

  Advance in Rice Mutant Library 2010, 26 (19):  27-30.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   PDF ( 576620KB )   ( 1831 ) Mutants are important materials for rice functional genomics research. By constructing the mutant library, using modern biotechnology to separate the identification of gene function has become the primary means of gene function for rice in the world. In this paper, was summarized the primary methods to constructing rice mutant library and the resources of mutant gene at present, as well as brought the prospects of rice mutants research .

  Sequence Analysis of qSH1 Gene Fragments of Weedy Rice from Zhanjiang of Guangdong Province 2010, 26 (19):  31-33.  Abstract + ( 1591 )   PDF ( 566918KB )   ( 1128 ) Abstract: For the purpose to explore whether differences exist in qSH1 gene between weedy rice and Oryza sativa. Using the primers that had been used to amplify the qSH1 gene of Oryza sativa, PCR was done with 6 samples of weedy rices origin from Zhanjiang of Guangdong province, the qSH1 gene fragments were sequenced, the result of sequences alignment showed that the nucleotide sequence locates at region approximately 100kb downstream of qSH1, and was homologous with what has collected on the NCBI website, the homology value was up to 100%. There was a nucleotide site difference between the 6 weedy rices and Oryza sativa, which was proved to be the SNP site that reported before. At the same time, not all the nucleotide sequences that derived from the 6 weedy rices are the same, there is a different nucleotide site, but can’t determine whether it is an action site.

  The application of gene chip in medical herb 2010, 26 (19):  34-36.  Abstract + ( 1144 )   PDF ( 490569KB )   ( 1042 ) Gene chips sever as suitable high throughput tool for simultaneous analysis of multiple genes. Major practical applicability of gene chips remains in detecting gene transcription and regulation at genomic level in different tissues, so it is a useful tool in screening new drug target, evaluating drug activities and toxicology. Medical herbs are gaining increased applications in drug discovery and development. Being chemically diverse they are able to modulate several targets simultaneously in a complex system. The technology of gene chips, which has been used in pharmacology, toxicogenomics and screening of herbal drugs and extracts, might highly promote the process of Chinese traditional medical modernization.

  Research on the natural doubling effects of different genotypes in different sowing-season of maize haploid 2010, 26 (19):  37-39.  Abstract + ( 1249 )   PDF ( 466255KB )   ( 987 ) Abstract:The natural doubled effect of maize haploid in different sowing was studied in this research;The results showed that there was big difference with different genotype of haploid in natural pollinating rate;The average natural pollinating rate of haploid was 6.56%～65.33%;The natural pollinating rate in summer sowing was 3.77% higher than in spring sowing,self-fertility rate was 6.23%～9.39%,and the self-fertility rate of haploid in summer sowing was 2.37% higher than spring sowing;Summer sowing was better for the natural pollen dispenser and self-fertility.

  Study on the organic tea industry development in China 2010, 26 (19):  40-45.  Abstract + ( 1383 )   PDF ( 572611KB )   ( 1036 ) The organic tea is an important component of organic agriculture and tea industry in China. In the paper the existent problems of organic tea development from the angle of region, market, management system, gordian technique and certification were analyzed, and countermeasures were put forward, which made the important significances for sustainable development of organic tea industry in China.

  Extraction of soybean lecithin using ultrahigh pressure extraction technology 2010, 26 (19):  46-51.  Abstract + ( 1428 )   PDF ( 633619KB )   ( 1054 ) With the aim of optimization of ultrahigh pressure extraction of soybean lecithin, quadratic rotating design was employed to investigate the influence of four factors including pressure, time, concentration of ethanol, ratio of solvent to raw material, and to establish a regression model. The obtained optimum extraction parameters were pressure 280 MPa, time 5 min, concentration of ethanol 85 %, ratio of solvent to raw material 45 mL/g, the yield of soybean lecithin was 10.51 mg/g.

  Blending flour quality characteristic and steamed-bread quality of winter wheat Jimai22 with high yield 2010, 26 (19):  52-57.  Abstract + ( 1552 )   PDF ( 812090KB )   ( 1038 ) Abstract:In this paper,the winter wheat variety Jimai22 with high yield and wide populated area was used to blend with Jinan17 and Jining13 to get new type flour by the percentage 0,20,40,60,80 and 100.The changes of flour color,proten character,dough mixograph parameters and starch RVA characters were studyed,and the steamed-bread quality was also evaluated.The results showed that differernt type blending flour had differnet quality characters.Among the blending flour of Jimai22 and Jinan17,the whiteness,dough color,proten traits and dough mixograph characteristics of No.2 and 3 flour were improved better,the No.3 and 4 flour showed better starch RVA characters and could be made steamed-bread with good quality.Among the blending flour of Jimai22 and Jinan17,the No.4 and 5 flour had better whitenee and dough clor traits,the No.3 showed better proten characters,the dough mixographic traits and starch RVA parameters were all improved of No.3,4 and 5 flour,and the steamed-bread quality of No.2 and 3 was better.All these demonstrated that the flour with good steamed-bread making quality could be produced by blending a certain percentage Jimai22 to Jinan17 or Jining13 respectively.The advantage of rational blending between Jimai22 and Jinan17 is to make the limited high quality wheat be used fully,and the most important is to make the Jimai22 play its main role fully in high yield,then increase the economic and use value of Jimai22 and Jinan17 by the greatest extent.

  Studies on Extraction Conditions of Gingerol with Ethanol 2010, 26 (19):  58-61.  Abstract + ( 1348 )   PDF ( 690760KB )   ( 1088 ) The extraction conditions of gingerol with ethanol were studied. The optimum condition were studied to extract flavonoid by orthogonal experiment.The results indicated that using ginger as the material, under the condition of 80% ethanol, 50℃ temperature, 60-mesh screen, 1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio, 2-hour-extraction time, the extraction rate was the highestin this experiment, which was 1.61%.

  Status and Prospects for Technology of detection for Eating Quality Evaluation in Rice 2010, 26 (19):  62-65.  Abstract + ( 1530 )   PDF ( 512564KB )   ( 1526 ) Rice eating quality, presenting the ultimate quality of rice directly, was one of the important components on rice quality (Oryza sativa L.). it was the research hot and key points for technology of detection and evaluation in rice eating quality. In this paper, the author reviews currently research status and the development of new detecting technology, furthermore, some major problems on rice eating quality evaluation were discussed, finally the development trends on aroma characteristics detected by electronic nose in rice were prospected.

  Microwave-assisted Extraction and Purification Research of tea polyphenols 2010, 26 (19):  66-69.  Abstract + ( 1300 )   PDF ( 647227KB )   ( 1155 ) Abstract: To extract and purify the tea polyphenols from green tea, two-step extraction technology was studied. The optimum extraction process was determined using the single factor and orthogonal experiments. The experimental results show that the first step for microwave-ethanol extraction is optimum, the best conditions for ethanol concentration of 50%, solid-liquid ratio of l: 30, extraction 20min later, with 320W microwave radiation 25s, and then extract at room temperature 60min, repeat the extraction two times, under this optimum conditions, the extraction rate of TP is 21.74%. For the second step, TP is purified by ion precipitation, the optimum conditions for the selection of A13 + + Zn2 +, the mass ratio of precipitant to tea is 3 : 20, precipitation temperature around 25 ℃, TP is separated as quickly as possible when it is precipitated completely. Under the conditions, TP purity can reach 99.50%.

  Rapid determination of alcohol content in distilled spirit by NIR spectroscopy 2010, 26 (19):  70-72.  Abstract + ( 1275 )   PDF ( 724171KB )   ( 1190 ) In order to measuring alcohol concentration in distilled spirit accurately and quickly,a calibration model was established based on Fourier Transform Near Infrared Spectroscopy with partial least square.According to the selected spectra ranges of 5731.40~5897.25、5901.11~ 6063.10、8327.12~8423.54cm-1and standard nomral variate processing method,the rank was five.the correlation coefficient(R) of the model and the root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) are 0.99916,0.263 respectively．Then the model was tested and evaluated and the result showed the R of the test set and the root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP) are 0.99,0.453 respectively. the method has been applied to quick determination of alcohol concentration with satisfactory results in the distilled spirit industry.

  Study on Yield and Stevioside Content of Different Stevia Rebaudiana 2010, 26 (19):  73-75.  Abstract + ( 1284 )   PDF ( 548252KB )   ( 1193 ) In order to know the ecological adaptability of stevia rebaudiana and provide theoretical support for setting up of stevia rebaudiana production base on Gansu, seven stevia rebaudiana genotypes were introduced from Jiangsu,Hebei,Anhui regions and cultivated for comparative experiment, through to analysis the growth characteristics, yield and stevioside content of stevia rebaudiana, the result showed that stevia rebaudiana had stronger ecological adaptability, which can widely planted in northwest; the dry leaves yield and stalk yield of introduced genotype ZS-4 was the highest, reached 4801.50kg/hm2 and 5647.33 kg/hm2, the rebaudioside A and stevioside content of ZS-3 was the highest, which was respectively 7.69％,12.39％and reached very significant level. comprehensive analysis indicated that stevioside yield of ZS-3 was the highest, which could extend culture on hexi area as advantage genotype , and ZS-4 also had certain value to popularize.

  Leaf Structure and Water Physiology of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and the Relationship with Drought Resistance 2010, 26 (19):  76-80.  Abstract + ( 1606 )   PDF ( 740859KB )   ( 1382 ) Abstract：Enhancing the rice drought tolerance is an important way for water-saving rice production. To do research on rice drought resistant identification indexes and identification methods is the most important basis for rice drought germplasm improvement. In this experiment, four types of rice varieties were selected in this paper which have significant difference in drought resistance, use three kinds of drought stress treatment, investigate upland rice’s thickness of leaf pulp, thickness of leaf mid-rib, leaf relative water content, and leaf keeping water rate in booting stage, analysis the development regulations of the traits and the relationship between the three types of treatment of rice varieties. The results show that, under drought stress, upland rice’s thickness of leaf pulp, thickness of leaf mid-rib, leaf relative water content, and leaf keeping water rate are significantly higher than lowland rice. Under mild drought，thickness of leaf pulp has significant correlation with drought resistant index DRIm2-B of mature stage biomass, and has correlation with drought resistant index DRIm2-H of booting stage biomass. Under severe drought，thickness of leaf mid-rib has significant correlation with DRIm2-B, and leaf keeping water rate has correlation with yield drought resistant index DRIm2-Y of severe drought. Thickness of leaf mid-rib and leaf relative water content has no significant difference in the four types of germplasm; in booting stage thickness of leaf pulp and leaf keeping water rate can be used as two indexes for drought resistant research and evaluation.

  Research Advance in Tissue Culture of Wheat Immature Embryo 2010, 26 (19):  81-87.  Abstract + ( 1282 )   PDF ( 638430KB )   ( 1111 ) Tissue culture of wheat is the important basis and guarantee for using genetic engineering to improve wheat cultivars. Wheat immature embryo has been regarded as a high potential explants for plant regeneration and genetic transformation. The method of tissue culture of wheat immature embryo is regarded as the most effective way of training by most experts. The paper reviews the current research situation and advance of tissue culture of wheat immature embryo and emphatically introduces the effects of variety，embryo age，medium，external source hormone，pre-treatment，inoculation methods on tissue culture of wheat embryo in vitro．Efficient systems of the wheat immature embryo culture and transformation will remarkably promote wheat genetic engineering improvement and functional genomics study.

  Method for Determination of Eight Organophosphorus Compounds by Gas Chromatography Coupled with Solid Phase Extraction 2010, 26 (19):  88-93.  Abstract + ( 1520 )   PDF ( 774152KB )   ( 1239 ) A method combined solid phase extraction (SPE) with gas chromatography (GC) for simultaneous determination of eight representative organophosphorous compounds was developed in this paper. Dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos, parathion, parathion-methyl, dimethoate, omethoate, methamidophos, malathion methamidophos, were selected as the analytic targets representing organophosphorous pesticides. The detection limit was between 1.1ug/L to 2.5ug/L. The linear range was between 0.1mg/L to 4mg/L. The relative standard deviation ranged from 2.0% to 7.4%. The average recoveries ranged from 69.1% to 108.2%. The method discussed could be applied for quick and accurate simultaneous determination of organophosphorous pesticides.

  Indentification of young ear’s low temperature sensitive phase after jointing stage of different type winter wheat 2010, 26 (19):  94-98.  Abstract + ( 1451 )   PDF ( 2685197KB )   ( 902 ) Abstract：Pot experiments materials were carried out to determine the cold hardiness of four varieties cultivated popularly in Henan ，named Bainong Aikang 58 ，Yumai 49－198，Yunong 949 ，yanzhan4110 ，utilizing the artificial chamber , simulation experiment of frost damage was carried out to find how frost resistance of young ears(FRYE) variate with the differentiation phases proceeding. The results indicated that Bainong Aikang58 showed stronger cold tolerance than the others did,and the FRYE tends to decrease during the whole joining stage.Upon developing into anther connective formation phase from stamens and pistils formation phase ,FRYE drops gradually. The variation curve indicates that young ears of winter wheat develop into low temperature sensitive phase from anther connective formation phase. Frost resistance of varieties should be evaluated at anther connective formation phase. This result is of importance both to selecting frost resistant varieties and to frost damage prevention. Frost resistance of young ears of 4 cultivars were tested at earlier stage of anther connective fromation phase and the effects of several factors on FRYE , such as cultivars , varietal types and development stage were analyed.

  A new method of determination L-canavanine 2010, 26 (19):  99-102.  Abstract + ( 1197 )   PDF ( 882922KB )   ( 856 )

  Studies on the difference of the chestnut qualities between Yanshan and Taihangshan area 2010, 26 (19):  103-107.  Abstract + ( 1355 )   PDF ( 585093KB )   ( 1088 ) The differences of the chestnut qualities between Yanshan and Taihangshan areas were researched by comparing appearance, nutrient and flavor quality. Results showed that there was remarkable diffrences between Yanshan chestnut and Taihang-shan chestnut quality. The differences manifested that weight per nut, reducing sugar, the content of Zn and Cr in Yanshan chestnuts were lower evidently than Taihangshan chestnuts. And the content of protein, P and Cu in Yanshan chestnuts were higher evidently than Taihangshan chestnuts.

  Cangzhou autumn climatic characteristics of the quality of Ziziphus jujuba and Countermeasures 2010, 26 (19):  108-111.  Abstract + ( 1316 )   PDF ( 692119KB )   ( 899 ) Abstract: Since 2004, Cangzhou City, for four consecutive years in the jujube picking, drying in the sun on overcast and rainy weather occurs, resulting in varying degrees of pulp rotten jujube, jujube production led to a city very serious economic losses, dampened enthusiasm for production of large Jujube[1][3]. Even the rain on the city in order to reduce yield and quality of jujube impact, the author of nearly 30 years by the main production Jinsixiaozao Cangzhou river, the Cangxian, Xian county, Botou four counties fall with rain, precipitation, sunshine, temperature and humidity variations, reached on September 20 at least after the rain, sunshine, temperature and humidity conditions are suitable, is the jujube picking, drying the best time of the conclusion. Meanwhile, according to the autumn climate characteristics Cangzhou City, proposed to increase the quality Jinsixiaozao specific response: Adjust the jujube plant species, selected for the September mid-maturity varieties suitable; increase jujube drying building infrastructure, reduce Even a small fall rainy impact on the jujube; enhance weather forecasting, early warning information construction, do jujube maturity, picking drying of weather forecasting, to help Jujube and reduce losses, ensure that the income yield of jujube.

  Investment Risk Evaluation of commercial forests in Fujian 2010, 26 (19):  112-115.  Abstract + ( 1063 )   PDF ( 526042KB )   ( 903 ) The paper build Investment Risk Evaluation System of commercial forests in Fujian. Then using factor analysis in Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei and Yunnan provinces of investment risks commercial forest landscape evaluation and comparison, by evaluation found that in 2007, Fujian Province ranked second, less risky. On this basis, identify the poor factors of commercial forest in Fujian Province, and proposed countermeasures.

  Growth divergence of target trees in different stands of Erythrophleum fordii Oliv. plantations 2010, 26 (19):  116-119.  Abstract + ( 1434 )   PDF ( 550557KB )   ( 1030 ) In order to study the individual differences of Erythrophleum fordii Oliv. plantations, to provides theory basis for selection and vegetative propagation, Selected the target trees of Erythrophleum fordii Oliv. plantations planted in 1982 in Baiyun and Shaoping test site of the Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy as the research object, measuring the DBH, tree height, under branch height and Kraft’s class of Erythrophleum fordii Oliv. to analysis the coefficient of divergence in different stands, and the growth differences between these stands. The results showed that, the coefficient of divergence in under branch height and Kraft’s class of dominant trees in four stands of Erythrophleum fordii Oliv. plantations was large, they were 0.220 and 0.360, the coefficient of divergence in the DBH and tree height was smaller than the under branch height and Kraft’s class, reached 0.151, 0.127 respectively. The difference of tree height and under branch height of Erythrophleum fordii Oliv. between the 4 stands were extremely significant and significant. The DBH distance between Shaoping test site and Baiyun1 was 1.71cm, no significant difference to the two other stands. And also no significant in the difference of Kraft’s class among the 4 stands. So Erythrophleum fordii Oliv. in Shaoping test site grew best among the four stands of Erythrophleum fordii Oliv.. According to the results of this study and the current situation of Erythrophleum fordii Oliv., indicated the importance and urgency of the study of selection and vegetative propagation.

  Studies on yield ,quality and RVA characteristics of introduced rice varieties(line) 2010, 26 (19):  120-123.  Abstract + ( 1236 )   PDF ( 529671KB )   ( 1008 ) The yield, quality and amylographic characteristics of japonica rice varieties or line introduced from Tianjin municipality were investigated. The correlation coefficients between amylose content, RVA characteristics and its palatability characteristics of introduced japonica rice varieties (line) were studied. The results showed that amylose content of tested rice showed extremely significantly negative correlation with their peak viscosities and significantly positive correlation with their setback values, their correlation coefficients were -0.927 and 0.710 respectively. The peak viscosities of tested rice showed significantly positive correlation with their palatability characteristics and their correlation coefficient was 0.689. It was demonstrated that the variety jindao1007 had highest grain yield(increased by about 58%) and worst palatability characteristics among tested rice varieties; the variety jinyuanE28 had higher grain yield and mostly similar palatability characteristics as compared with control; the variety jinyuan45 and jinyuan43 had both higher grain yield and worse palatability characteristics as compared with control; the variety jinchuan1 might be utilized as breeding materials because of high quality but lower yield.

  Influence of no Tillage on Root Growth and Rhizosphere Environment in RiceⅣ.Influence of no Tillage on Activities of Enzymes in Soil 2010, 26 (19):  124-127.  Abstract + ( 1384 )   PDF ( 578135KB )   ( 887 ) This paper is aimed to discuss the influence of no tillage on activities of enzymes in rice root rhizosphere. Pot experiments were conducted with Jinyou 253 as material to measure activities of amylase, urease and invertase in rice root rhizosphere and bulk soil under no tillage, conventional tillage and root separating cultivation. The results showed that activities of these enzymes in root rhizosphere and bulk soil under conventional tillage were higher than those under no tillage. It can be concluded that nutrient transformation in rice paddy under conventional tillage was better than that under no tillage.

  Study of Salt-tolerance in Different Varieties of Sweet Sorghum Seeding 2010, 26 (19):  128-135.  Abstract + ( 1406 )   PDF ( 2147119KB )   ( 1126 ) Sweet sorghum is a kind of energy crops, with drought-tolerance, water logging tolerance, salt-tolerant features. In this study, three varieties, BJ-17, BJ-18 and M-0011, of sweet sorghum were used as materials to study their tolerance to salt stress. The results showed that under different concentration of NaCl treatment, seed germination is inhibited with the increasing concentration of NaCl. Comparison of the six physiological and biochemical indicators assayed showed the following trends: after treatment, seedlings fresh weight and height were decreased, the relative electrolyte leakage rate of leaves as well as the MDA and proline content increased, leaf chlorophyll content dropped, and chlorophyll b content declined obviously. Among the three sweet sorghum varieties (strains), BJ-18 has the strongest salt tolerance, BJ-17 is in the middle, and M1-00110 is sensitive to salt stress.

  Effect of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) on Activities of Nitrate Reducates in Functional Leaves of Soybean 2010, 26 (19):  136-139.  Abstract + ( 1330 )   PDF ( 670046KB )   ( 982 ) Effects of two plant growth regulators G-ABA and S-ABA on activity of nitrate reducates (NR) in leaves of soybean were studied, used varieties Dongnong 163, which was high fat variety, and Dongnong42, which was high protein variety in potted trail. The results showed that activity of nitrate reducates (NR) in leaves showed single peak curve in different treatments, and the influence sequence of G-ABA on activity of NR was as follow: 20 mg/kg＞15 mg/kg＞25 mg/kg＞30 mg/kg＞0 mg/kg＞35 mg/kg, and which of S-ABA was as follow: 35 mg/kg＞30 mg/kg＞25 mg/kg＞20 mg/kg＞0 mg/kg＞40 mg/kg. The activity of NR of different varieties showed higher in middle period and lower in prophase period and anaphase period under different treatments. The effect of PGRs on NR showed that variety of high fat was better than which of high protein.

  Allelopathic effects of ginseng root exudates on four medicinal plants 2010, 26 (19):  140-144.  Abstract + ( 1785 )   PDF ( 628972KB )   ( 1284 ) To evaluate the allelopathic effects of ginseng root exudates on seed germination of four important medicinal plants. Adopted complex sterile matrix substrate to cultivate ginseng, ginseng root exudates were collected in situ. The ginseng root exudates were extracted with water and MeOH, divided into the aqueous extracts and the ethyl acetate extracts two parts with ethyl acetate extract. The allelopathic effects of ginseng root exudates on seed germination, hypocotyls length and fresh weight of four medicinal plants over a range of extract concentrations were studied in vitro. Results showed that the allelopathic effects of ginseng root exudates on four medicinal plants were different. Ginseng root exudates had inhibitory action on seed germination of the Rhubarb and milk thistle, in varying degree, decreased α-amylase activity in seed. Ginseng root exudates had inhibitory effects at higher concentrations but at low to medium concentrations they had stimulatory effects on the fresh weight and hypocotyls length of Rhubarb. Aqueous extracts had stimulatory effects while ethyl acetate extracts had inhibitory effects on the fresh weight and hypocotyls length of milk thistle. The Burdock seed germination and seed α-amylase activity increased at low to medium concentrations while decreased at high concentrations of aqueous extracts. The Burdock seed germination and seed α-amylase activity decreased with ethyl acetate extracts. Aqueous extracts had inhibitory effects while ethyl acetate extracts had inhibitory effects on hypocotyl length and fresh weight of Burdock. Aqueous extracts had inhibitory effects at medium to high concentrations while at low concentrations they had stimulatory effects on seed germination and α-amylase activity of white sweetclover. Ethyl acetate extracts had stimulatory effects at medium to high concentrations while at low concentrations they had inhibitory effects on seed germination and α-amylase activity of white sweetclover. Ginseng root exudates had inhibitory effects on hypocotyl length and fresh weight of white sweetclover. Ginseng root exudates had different allelopathic effects on four medicinal plants. The close relationship existed bewteen allelopathy and the content of allelochemicals.

  Regulation effect of seasonal drought in field fast growing period on burley tobacco’s nicotine conversion 2010, 26 (19):  145-148.  Abstract + ( 1463 )   PDF ( 614357KB )   ( 809 ) Through controlling the (field) soil water content in fast growing period of mid-later phase, the effect of soil water content on burley tobacco’s nicotine conversion was investigated. The results showed that slight drought of soil (60% soil moisture) in fast growing period led to high converter’s nicotine conversion difference between drought and normal water supply treatments among the air-curing period, which was lower than high converter’s nicotine conversion of normal water supply all the time. Non-converter’ of different soil water supply treatment had similar percent of nicotine conversion (PNC), and they were all in low level. The slight drought treatment (60% soil moisture treatment) in fast growing period was benefit to decrease high converter’s nornicotine content and PNC, meanwhile, also could increase non-converter’s stability in nicotine conversion character at a certain extent.

  Study on nitrogen supply index of main open field vegetables in South China 2010, 26 (19):  149-154.  Abstract + ( 1443 )   PDF ( 743826KB )   ( 966 ) This paper was aimed to introduce our investigative study on establishing soil alkali hydrolysable N abundance and deficiency indices of vegetable-producing areas in southern China. In addition, inorganic N and dissociative NO3--N were also transformed to abundance and deficiency index values. For this purpose, experiments of soil testing and fertilizer recommendation were conducted in vegetable-producing areas of southern China during 2007 to 2009. Soil alkali hydrolysable N were classified as very low ( ＜50% relative yield ), low ( 50%~75% relative yield ), medium ( 75%~90% relative yield ), high ( 90%~ 95% relative yield ) and very high ( ＞95% relative yield ) based on the relative yields. Abundance and deficiency indices of soil alkali hydrolysable N were simulated by the models of logarithmic equation. The results indicated that soil alkali hydrolysable N indices were <42mg?kg-1, 42~97 mg?kg-1, 97~164mg?kg-1, 164~194mg?kg-1, and >194 mg?kg-1 when soil fertility were classified as very low, low, medium, high and very high, respectively. Meanwhile, conversion model of alkali hydrolysable N to dissociative NO3- is stimulated by liner equation, it was y = 0.4012x - 1.3695; alkali hydrolysable N to inorganic N is also stimulated by liner equation, which was y = 0.4955x + 2.0736, both of them shown strong significant correlations. Transformed by these models, abundance and deficiency index values of dissociative NO3- were: ＜11mg?kg-1, 11~34mg?kg-1, 34~66mg?kg-1, 66~82mg?kg-1 and >82mg?kg-1; abundance and deficiency index values of inorganic N were: ＜17mg?kg-1, 17~46mg?kg-1, 46~86mg?kg-1, 86~105 mg?kg-1 and > 105mg?kg-1, respectively, when soil fertility are classified as very low, low, medium, high and very high.

  Establishing Fertilization Recommendation Index of Rapeseed in Wuhu County Based on the ‘3414’ Field Experiments 2010, 26 (19):  155-160.  Abstract + ( 1464 )   PDF ( 644220KB )   ( 1011 ) Taking the rapeseed “3414” experiments in Wuhu county as an example, the process of establishing fertilization recommendation index was investigated and discussed. Soil Olsen-P and NH4OAc-K were classified as very low (<50% relative yield), low (50%-75% relative yield), medium (75%–90% relative yield), high (90%–95% relative yield) and very high (>95% relative yield) based on the relative yields. Fertilizer recommended rates were simulated by the models of one-factor or Linear-plateau model for each “3414” field experiment. The results indicate that phosphorus fertilizer rates (P2O5) are 65, 55, 45, 30, and 0 kg/ha when soil fertility are classified as very low, medium, high and very high (Olsen-P<10, 10–20, 20–30 30–40 and >40 mg/kg), respectively, while potassium fertilizer rates (K2O) are 75, 60, 45, 30, and 0 kg/ha(NH4OAc-K <20, 20–50, 50–100, 100–125 and >125mg/kg). The method of Regional Mean Optimal Application Rate of Chemical Fertilizer N is used for rapeseed, and the rate is 180±30 kg/ha.

  Influence of Fertilization Time on Quality of Different Rice Panicle Type 2010, 26 (19):  161-165.  Abstract + ( 1163 )   PDF ( 853010KB )   ( 868 ) The effects of fertilization time on quality and yield of different rice panicle type were studied by different fertilization time experiment. This experiment provided the instruction for the good quality and high yield rice. Field trials were conducted to analyze 5 quality indexes of rice, to determine the best treatment of fertilization. The results showed that quality and yield of rice panicle number type were the best and the highest when fertilizers were applied as base, tillering and granular fertilizer. And the yield was increased by 34.3%. And the taste value of rice was 4 higher than other treatments. But quality and yield of rice panicle weight type XiXuan1 were the best and the highest when fertilizers were applied as base, tillering, panicle and granular fertilizer. And the yield was increased by 22.6%. And the taste value of rice was 7 higher than other treatments.

  Investigation of Fertilization on Corn in Main Production Regions of Liaoning Province 2010, 26 (19):  166-169.  Abstract + ( 1205 )   PDF ( 492656KB )   ( 1224 ) Fertilization investigation on corn was carried out in main production regions of Liaoning province.The results showed that the corn with Urea,Complex fertilizer, Diammonium phosphate and organic fertlizer were 84.6%, 80.3%, 40.1% and 34.2%, respectively.Seen from fertilizer rate in different regions , Urea rate was about same, Diammonium phosphate rate was north of Liaoning > west of liaoning > south of Liaoning, Complex fertilizer rate was north of Liaoning>south of Liaoning >west of liaoning, organic fertlizer rate was west of liaoning> north of Liaoning>south of Liaoning .The average N,P2O5 and K2O application rates on corn were 234.4 kg/hm2,104.8 kg/hm2 and 53.5kg/hm2 in Liaoning ,respectively. Most of the total fertilizer amount was from chemical fertilizer. N, P2O5 and K2O application rates were different in differet corn areas, N,and P2O5 application rates were north of Liaoning > west of liaoning >south of Liaoning, K2O application rates were south of Liaoning >north of Liaoning > west of liaoning . The ratio of P2O5 and K2O was low,especially K2O rate was too low. K2O application rates and ratio were high under high corn yield level.

  Effect of Water Absorbents on Physiological Character and Yield of Mung Bean 2010, 26 (19):  170-173.  Abstract + ( 674 )   PDF ( 529136KB )   ( 865 ) Abstract :The test selected mung bean as directed ,using pot experiment approach to study the application of different concentrations of super absorbent polymers on mung bean physiological and yield .The results showed the A treatment on the physiological character and yield of mung bean of the best.

  Effects of Calcium Deficiency on Photosynthetic Characters of Sugar Cane in Elongating Period 2010, 26 (19):  174-176.  Abstract + ( 597 )   PDF ( 538255KB )   ( 987 ) The influence of calcium deficiency on photosynthetic characters of sugar cane in elongating period was investigated. Four types of sugarcane, namely Guiyin21, Yuetang00-236, Yuetang94-128 and Xintaitang22, were selected. As the results shown, calcium deficiency would result in the decrease of photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of Guiyin22 with the increase in intercellular CO2 concentration. No significant difference was found in photosynthetic characters of Yuetang00-236 whether calcium fertilizer was used or not. More importantly, Yuetang94-128 and Xintaitang22 were found to be able to tolerate the stress of calcium deficiency, which was proved by the increase in their photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration when calcium fertilizer was not supplied.

  The Observation and Application of The Progenies of The Anther Culture of Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.) 2010, 26 (19):  177-183.  Abstract + ( 746 )   PDF ( 1037246KB )   ( 791 ) The observation and comparison of the botanical characteristics and traits of some pollen lines(DH2 and DH3) of cultured from the same sources was carried out.The results showed different types and great variation of the first flower node 、the fruit shape index and the weight of individual fruit among the different pollen lines of cultured from the same source.Among the 15 pollen lines, 46.7% of the first flower node、40.0% of the fruit shape index and 33.3% of the weight of individual fruit revealed significant differences or extremely significant differences compared to the same source. The first flower node 、the fruit length、the fruit diameter、the fruit shape index and the weight of individual fruit of the same line were steadily inheritance in different generations.The first flower node 、the fruit length、the fruit diameter、the fruit shape index and the weight of individual fruit of individuals within lines were performed uniformly.Also,the preliminary breeding pollen lines and hybridized combination were starting to apply in the agricultural production. The experiment demonstrates that the anther culture in eggplant is a breeding method with high efficiency.

  The Analysis on Conservation and Using Status of Historical Garden in Jinyuan District of Taiyuan City 2010, 26 (19):  184-189.  Abstract + ( 800 )   PDF ( 701569KB )   ( 936 ) Taiyuan is famous for its history and culture, in which Jinyuan district is the best conserved history style and features with abundant nature and cultural landscape. This article introduced Jinyuan district’s general situation survey and made the statistics about its history legacy by investigating the general situation, anglicizing the status of historical garden. Taking the example of Jinci, Jinyang ancient city site and Tianlong Moutain’s historical gardens, it also investigated and analyzed the existing problems from environmental, man-made factors, the cooperation between entire and regional landscape ,historical architecture and modern landscape, surveyed and analyzed the protection of the historical architecture in this district using the present situation relative repairing and improving measures. It promoted that all kinds of historical gardens should be paid attention to protect their historical original features, the complement and cooperate the relation between the protection and use. For the historical public garden that was used for city public space, based on the retaining historical view, undertook the scientific and reasonable development and well combined historical gardens and modern landscape through the landscape design ways.

  Research Progress of Lycopene in Watermelon 2010, 26 (19):  190-195.  Abstract + ( 675 )   PDF ( 647218KB )   ( 1090 ) Carrying out the study of Lycopene in watermelon is of great significance to human health and disease prevention. This Article summaries physicochemical property, physiological function, extraction methods, testing methods and biosynthesis of Lycopene in watermelon. This paper analyzes the distribution situation in nature, factors affecting lycopene content in watermelon. The application prospect of Lycopene in watermelon are dicussed.

  Analyse and Evaluate on the Landscape of Luwang Tomb Scenery Area in Xinxiang 2010, 26 (19):  196-200.  Abstract + ( 682 )   PDF ( 539625KB )   ( 757 ) Luwang Tomb scenery area is an important part of the scenic resources in Xinxiang. The paper selected some representative scenic pictures as analysis sample. Semantic Differential method was applied to quantitatively evaluate scenic resources of Luwang Tomb scenery area, and through statistical analysis software SPSS17.0,the factor analysis is used to make a study of evaluation results. Finally, the thesis has made the evaluation result of the visual quality of scenic resources, thus provide valuable referential for the plan and construction of Luwang Tomb scenery area.

  A Studay of the Color Compatibility of the Crassulaceae Plants in Roof Greening in Central Shaanxi Province 2010, 26 (19):  201-205.  Abstract + ( 650 )   PDF ( 616285KB )   ( 953 ) Abstract：Crassulaceae plants Sedum Sarmentosun Bunge，Sedum Lineare Thunb，Rrhodiola root and the Herba Sedi Sarmentosi were made as the objects of study．After 4 years，the result showed that the ill resistance，Pest Resistance，Grass Resistance，cold resistance and coverage rate in winter were all improved in composite community compared with the single community．The Sedum Sarmentosun Bunge showed the most powerful aggressiveness，and the Rhodiola root showed the most powerful resistance．The single community of Herba Sedi Sarmentosi could not live through the winter，but when it was planted in a composite community，it could live through the winter. Rhodiola root could be used when a color design want to be made，and it also could be used as a separation stuff when the color patterns wanted to be kept long． Key words：Roof Greening　　　color collocation Crassulaceae Plants

  The study in selection and cultural methods for new species of Gordycepsmilitaris 2010, 26 (19):  206-210.  Abstract + ( 617 )   PDF ( 583455KB )   ( 1385 ) The study in selection and cultural methods for new species of Gordycepsmilitaris Using tissue culture one species of high yield and good quality was selected; its culture medium and cultural methods were studied. The results indicated that of new species was better in yields and quality. The basic medium with rice or wheat added nutritious elements has more than 70% transform rate. Added some Chinese herbal medicines in cultural medium, such as Epimedium brevicornum Maxim, the nutritious compositions of Gordycepsmilitaris were increased.

  Effect of low light density on growth angle and morphostructure of tomato seedling function leaves 2010, 26 (19):  211-215.  Abstract + ( 584 )   PDF ( 4926485KB )   ( 862 ) The growth angle and morphostructure of seedling function leaves in 4 tomato strains were investigated under low light density environments. The results showed that leaf area and the specific leaf weight of 4 tomato strains were decreased and the decreased extent of stains 1 and 2 was lower than that of stains 3 and 4 under low light density. palisade and spongy tissues of tomato leaves became thinner, leaves were open and flat and chloroplast grana lamellae was steady in stains 1 and 2; while in stains 3 and 4, the palisade and spongy tissues became more thinner, leaves hung down and chloroplast grana lamellae was indistinct and the numbers decreased. The growth angle and the chloroplast character of tomato leaves which closely related to low light tolerance under low light density environments should be viewed as the index to identify low light tolerance tomato strain.

  Preliminary study of tropical plants landscape design of Singapore 2010, 26 (19):  216-220.  Abstract + ( 739 )   PDF ( 639625KB )   ( 1621 ) Plants landscape, is the important part of the urban landscape, playing an important role in reflect the image and promote the development of tourism. The study of plants landscape design ideas and techniques in tropical regions, having the theoretical significance to enrich tropical landscape on the theory and the artistic of plants landscape design. In this paper, literature search and investigation of a combination to study plants landscape design in Singapore, has summarized the two guiding ideology of plants landscape in Singapore, one of them was the romantic colour of reflecting the multinational culture; and the other was the ecological concept about that from "the garden city" to "the city in the garden". And has annlyzed the characteristics of Singapore plants landscape, these were attaching importance to natural and ecology, attaching importance to shade trees and fragrant plants, attaching importance to vertical greening, and how to combination with other landscaping elements. Based on which the paper has gaven some opinions of the development propos about tropical garden plants landscaping.

  Study on Preservation Technology of Cut Flower of Narcissus pseudonarcissus 2010, 26 (19):  221-225.  Abstract + ( 715 )   PDF ( 695350KB )   ( 835 ) The studies of effects of precool time and different concentration of preservative solutions on cut flower were carried out, to keep cut flower fresh for Narcissus pseudonarcissus (cv Golden Harvest), the fresh flowers near blooming were cut up from three-year-old bulb at full-bloom stage , then to precool those flowers respectively for 24 h, 36 h, 48 h, at 5 ℃ and relative humidity for 70%, the results showed that the optimal precooling condition is 36 h , the flower reach the maximum diameter earliest and damaged lightly to flower ; the fresh flowers were refrigerated at 5 ℃ and relative humidity for 70% for 36 h ,then keep in different concentration solution of SUG and 8-HQC,AgNO3 and 6-BA, the results showed that keeping the flowers in the solution of 5% SUG＋200 mg/L 8-HQC＋45 mg/L AgNO3＋5 mg/L6-BA, could prolong vase life , increase maximum diameter and delay reduction velocity of fresh weight in‘Golden Harvest’, in the optimal condition, the vase life could keep for 14.5 d, the maximum diameter could reach 9.21 cm, and maintain full-bloom for 3.6 d,and also no susceptibility to moulds.

  Effect of Different cultivation pattern on soil water change and Yield in Marigold 2010, 26 (19):  226-229.  Abstract + ( 662 )   PDF ( 833138KB )   ( 932 ) Abstract：The article studied the changes in soil moisture and the production in marigold during different growth stage under the condition of bed planting and furrow irrigation. The experiment presented that the bed planting and furrow irrigation with irrigation of 3600 m3/hm2 held the high moisture content during the different growth stage in each soil layer, and raised Water use efficiency 41.15% and increase production 25% comparied of flat planting with irrigation of 4200 m3/hm2 .The results indicated: the reasonable irrigation water quantity of bed planting and furrow irrigation in marigold was 3600 m3/hm2.

  Influence of salicylic acid(SA)on germination and Plasma Permeability of of triploid watermelon seed 2010, 26 (19):  230-233.  Abstract + ( 608 )   PDF ( 679180KB )   ( 831 ) Abstract : For overcoming germination problem of triploid watermelon seeds , triploid watermelon were selected as material to study the effect of soaked with different concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) priming to their germination rate and conductivity of seeds lixivium.The results showed that SA at 0.01-1.0mmol﹒L-1 concentration significantly promoted germination and conductivity of seeds lixivium,such as germination energy,germination rate,germination index, vigor index, were increased.The concentration at 0.1mmol﹒L-1 SA treated for 24h showed the best. However,when the concentration of SA went beyond 1.0mmol﹒L-1,the germination seed was inhibitoried.Its each germination target clearly decreased with increasing concentration of SA. The tendency is similar that conductivity of seeds lixivium and germination after soaking with SA.The conductivity of seeds lixivium of change were decreased at lower concentration It is the obvious drop tendency with increasing when the concentration of SA.

  Study on Karyotype Analysis of Four Species of Hybrid F1 Generation between Cymbidium hybridiumand Chinese Cymbidium 2010, 26 (19):  234-238.  Abstract + ( 696 )   PDF ( 2124629KB )   ( 849 ) Abstract: Four Species of Hybrid F1 Generation between Cymbidium hybridiumand Chinese Cymbidiumare karyologically analyzed.Their karyotype formula and index of karyotypic asymmetry (As.k)are presented as follows:Cym.Lovely Valley‘Evergreen’×Cym. Longibracteatum,2n=3x=45m+15sm,As.k=59.75%;Cym.KLR565×Cym.sinense,2n=3x=42m+18sm，As.k=59.33℅;Cym.Summer Queen×Cym. Longibracteatum 2n=2x=30m+10sm,As.k=58.58℅;Cym. Saint Raphin×Cym. Longibracteatum 2n=2x=34m+6sm,As.k=57.15℅.According to Stebbins classification of karyotypic asymmetry,all of the karyotypes belong to“2B”. Moreover, with some stably specialized traits in morphology, the evolution of karyotypes in Cymbidium were also discussed.

  Effects of Continuous cropping on garlic growth and physiological and biochemical indexes 2010, 26 (19):  239-242.  Abstract + ( 640 )   PDF ( 648501KB )   ( 1006 ) Abstract: 【Objective】In this paper, the growth and physiological and biochemical of garlic after continuous cropping were studied to reveal the mechanism for the effects of continuous cropping on the garlic physiology. 【Method】With the soils cropped garlic for 0(control), 5, 10, 15 and 20 years as test materials, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of garlic continuous cropping on the growth and physiological and biochemical. 【Result】The results showed that: with the increasing of continuous cropping years, the growth and physiological and biochemical indicators of garlic were first increased and then decreased, compared with the control, the short-term (5 to 10 years) on garlic growth and physiological and biochemical indexes were promoted and didn’t occur cropping obstacles; but long-term (15 to 20 years) showed a downward trend, the obstacles of continuous cropping were obvious.

  Assessment on the Indicators for Impact on Vegetation of Natural Tourism Spot 2010, 26 (19):  243-245.  Abstract + ( 630 )   PDF ( 478046KB )   ( 873 ) This paper summarized all the previous Indicators for impact of tourism on vegetation.The indicators were optimized and sieed by use of frequency analysis, theoretical analysis and experts consultation method. Based on the view of vegetation ecology,vegetation landscape, matter ecology environmental quality and scenic quality management, the indicators used to assess impact of tourism on vegetation were defermined. In addition, the 11 indicators were formulated after being divided into 2 kinds, according to the positive and negative correlation of various indicators and tourism impacts.

  Population Monitoring of the Major Tea Pests under Pest Forecast Lamp and Evaluation of Killing Effects under Frequency Vibrational Lamp and Light Emitting Diode Lamp 2010, 26 (19):  246-252.  Abstract + ( 983 )   PDF ( 749996KB )   ( 1211 ) The intelligent pest forecast lamp shows good performance in trapping tea pests, which belong to Lepidoptera(geometridae, zygaenidae, amatidae, tortricidae, gracilariidae, psychidae, zeuzeridae, lymantiidae, eucleidae, pyralididae, oecophoridae, etc.),coleopteran(scarabaeidae, cerambycidae), orthoptera (acrididae, gryllotelpidae, gryllidae, etc.), homoptera(typhlocybidae, flatidae) and isoptera. We initially reveal population fluctuation of Isoptera, Scarabaeidae, Tortricidae, Scopula subpunctaria (Herrich Schaeffer), Ectropis oblique Warren, Buzura suppressaria Guenee, Eterusia aedea L., Amata germana Felder, Hymenia recurvalis Fabricius, Chreonoma atritarsis Pic, Aeolestes induta Newman and Erythrus blairi Gressitt, etc., However, the occurrence and generation number of some pests are different from the existing records. Red light emitting diode (LED) lamp shows no effects on trapping insects, and blue LED lamp is more powerful than purple one. The Lepidoptera insects, Coleoptera pests and natural enemies are preferably trapped by violet LED lamp than blue one. On the contrary, blue LED lamp has stronger abilities to trap the pests which belong to Hemiptera, Diptera, Homoptera and Ephemeroptera. Frequency vibrational lamp is not better at trapping mosquito and ephemera than blue LED lamp, but it shows good abilities to trap tea pests and especially for natural enemies than violet LED lamp and blue LED lamp. Frequency vibrational lamp has the wider spectrum of trapping tea pests than that of violet LED lamp and blue LED lamp.

  Preliminary research on stability of fermentation products from MC-15 strain and the control for potato late blight 2010, 26 (19):  253-257.  Abstract + ( 612 )   PDF ( 1148624KB )   ( 815 ) To make it clear that the role of fermentation products from pre-screening actinomycetes MC-15 strains in potato against late blight, the best fermentation time of MC-15 strain and the stability of antifungal products, as well as the practical control effect on potato tuber slices and detached leaves, and potato plants were investigated in laboratory and field. The results showed that the fermentation products from expansion culture 10d after seed fluid was cultured for 5d had the highest inhibition rate (95.2%), the fermentation products still had strong inhibitory rate (81.2%) after exposure for 10h under 30W UV lamp at 30 cm vertical distance, and still remained 78.67% inhibitory rate after treating with 100℃ for 60min. Its most appropriate pH was 6.0-8.0 with 92% of inhibitory rate, and could be stored at room temperature (20-24℃) for 60d with 76% of inhibition rate. After continuous passage 10 generations, the antifungal activity of fermentation products from MC-15 strain remained unchanged. On both potato tuber slices and detached leaves, the fermentation products received evident protection after inoculation with Phytophthora infestans, the relative protection rate was over 90%. It was clear that treatment of seed tuber with the fermentation products could played a significant role in both promoting growth and enhancing disease resistance of potato plants, in comparison with the control, the seedlings was early 2-4d, the average height of plants was above 3.1cm, branches was more than 1.6 , leaves was more than 2.1. And the disease index was below 21 and the relative protection reached up74%, the relative increasing yield rate was more than 30%. MC-15 strain has a great potential in practical control potato late blight in field.

  Sex pheromone in Proagopertha lucidula (Faldermann) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): olfactory behaviour and temporal pattern of emission 2010, 26 (19):  258-262.  Abstract + ( 657 )   PDF ( 523231KB )   ( 905 ) Proagopertha lucidula (Faldermann) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), is a pest of economic importance in many regions of China. Volatiles from both sexes of P. lucidula and plant host were collected by aeration and the behavioural response of males and females was evaluated in laboratory. The results show that the communication in P. lucidula is mediated by sex pheromone and host plant volatiles. The attraction of host plant volatiles to males was increased by the addition of female volatiles. Release of female volatiles is dependent on the presence of the plum flowers as the amount of compounds differs significantly when volatiles are collected from the female with or without access to plum flowers. At least one female-specific compound were detected in the chromatographic analysis that provided chemical support to the behavioural data. A peak of release of the female volatile showes between 4 and 6 hr after its beginning of photophase.

  Comparison of Phytophthora infestans population genetic structure from different hosts based on SSR analysis 2010, 26 (19):  263-268.  Abstract + ( 670 )   PDF ( 834965KB )   ( 930 ) SSR molecular markers were assayed to determine the population genetic diversity of 60 representative Phytophthora infestans isolates from China. The results showed that the genetic diversity index of Nei’s genetic diversity index,Shannon information index and the effective number of alleles（0.1528、0.2592、1.2170）of host plant tomato pathogenic Phytophthora species were higher than those (0.1395、0.2447、1.1913) of the host plant potato Phytophthora species,the results indicated the genetic diversity of host plant tomato Phytophthora species was higher than the host plant potato Phytophthora species.The results also showed there is not relationship between the genetic lineage and metalaxy sensitivity and Mating type, but there is relationship between the genetic lineage and mtDNA Haplotype.

  The Resistance Evaluation Method of Tobacco Germplasm to Potato Virus Y 2010, 26 (19):  269-274.  Abstract + ( 704 )   PDF ( 643817KB )   ( 1020 ) Resistance evaluation method which convenient to compare results between years and researchers is the foundation of screening stable resistant germplasm. By artificial inoculation in plastic tunnel, resistance evaluation method of tobacco germplasm to potato virus Y was compared. The compared results of Disease index(DI), Relative disease index(RDI), Relative resistance index(RI), and Area under the disease progress curve(AUDPC) show that RDI could directly reflect germplasm resistance, and convenient to compare results between years and researchers. The resistance results of germplasm evaluted by high pressure spray mechanical inoculation and aphid feeding inoculation are consistent each other. By evaluated through high pressure spray mechanical inoculation in plastic tunnel, NC55 and NC102 exhibit high resistance, Virginia SCR(VSCR) and TI245 exhibit resistance, CV91 and Oxford 207 exhibit medium resistance, Taiyan 6 exhibit medium sensitive, NC297and Yunyan 97 exhibit sensitive, Coker176 exhibit high sensitive. The entities F1 of resistant parent NC55, VSCR and sensitive parent exhibit sensitive or high sensitive, indicating that the resistance of NC55 and VSCR to PVY are recessive heredity.

  Study on Preparation and Microencapsulation Technology of Rodenticide Absorbent Polymer 2010, 26 (19):  275-279.  Abstract + ( 667 )   PDF ( 2012134KB )   ( 875 ) Abstract：Waterproof preparation was prepared for reducing the water-absorbing of starch grafted sodium acrylic when using.The starch grafted sodium acrylic microcapsule was prepared using waterproof materials including paraffin，beeswax and stearic acid via spray congealing technique .The microcapsule prepared is nearly globular, smooth and which particle size is under 120um. The properties of microcapsule including the characteristics of morphology, particle size distribution, wall/core ratio, feed ratio, water-absorptivity and the relationship were investigated in this study. The result shows that the effect of microencapsulation is best when the feed ratio is greater than 2:1. The effect of microencapsulation of beeswax, as one of three kinds of wall material ,is better than others. The diameter of stearic acid microcapsule wall is larger in size enough to encapsulate absorbent resin. The mortality of starch grafted sodium acrylic coated with beeswax to mice reach 70%.The beeswax was regarded best material to coat starch grafted sodium acrylic and good mice killing result was obtained.

  Screening and identification of Actinomyces MY-5 antagonistic against Penicillium digitatum Sacc. 2010, 26 (19):  280-284.  Abstract + ( 762 )   PDF ( 780285KB )   ( 1053 ) Two hundred and twenty-one actinomycetes strains were obtained from twenty-three soil samples collected from fruit orchards and vegetable fields in different parts of Guangdong Province by routine methods. 9 strains showed antagonistic activities against Penicillium digitatum Sacc. Among them，strain MY-5 exhibited the strongest antibiosis capacity with an inhibitory zone of 18.67 mm. Strain MY-5 was identified as Streptomyces hygroscopicus according to its 16SrDNA sequence analysis，and the morphological，physiological and biochemical characteristics.

  Study on the Inhibitory Effects of Different Active Materials Screened by the Filter Paper on Cotton Verticillium Wilt 2010, 26 (19):  285-289.  Abstract + ( 672 )   PDF ( 1250581KB )   ( 1137 ) [Objective] To screen the effective materials to inhibit cotton verticillium wilt. [Method] The the inhibitory effects of 52 active materials on cotton verticillium wilt were determined using filter paper. The test results were recorded by the classification, visual image and 160× micrographs. [Results] The results show that 14 active materials screened out in this study had remarkable inhibitory effect on. cotton verticillium wilt [Conclusion] The research provided a theoretical basis for screening active materials effective to cotton verticillium wilt and its field control.

  Advances of Studies on Biological Control of Vegetable Root-knot Nematode in Installation Cultivation 2010, 26 (19):  290-293.  Abstract + ( 732 )   PDF ( 585248KB )   ( 1122 ) In recent years, with the rapid development of installation cultivation of vegetable, many questions which constraint its development appeared. Among them, nematode disease is one of the most important constraint factors, one of which the harm caused by the root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) is the most serious. Root-knot nematode is internal parasites settlement in plant roots, which has become one of most governing pathogen threaten to agricultural for its widespread and more parasites, In the past, chemicals were used to control this disease, combined with agricultural control and the use of resistant varieties, but has its limitations. With the advancement of technology and enhanced awareness of environmental protection, biological control has aroused a great attention. This paper reviews the advances of various biological control factors, and important factors influenced the efficiencies of biological control to nematode were analysed thoroughly, in the last, the application prospect of the biological control were reviewed.

  Analysis of the development progress and eco-economical effects of wheat/cotton intercropping system 2010, 26 (19):  294-299.  Abstract + ( 634 )   PDF ( 717038KB )   ( 1107 ) The wheat/cotton Circular Agriculture model, which has a long history in China, was developed from wheat/cotton intercropping system.. This research summarized the progress, typical model, and key technology involved in this system. The in-situ inspection and literature reviewing were employed in this research. The function of ecological system and inter-effects of multi-species in this intercropping system were analyzed as well through position experiment. The results indicated that the wheat/cotton Circular Agriculture model could perform the advantage of different crops and the border effect, and could keep biodiversity in the cotton field, maintain the balance of ecosystem, enhance land and natural resources usage efficiency without sacrificing the economic yield of cotton and wheat. Therefore, the wheat/cotton Circular Agriculture model can achieve higher ecological-economical values and has great potential in Chinese farming system.

  The distinction research in urban metabolism system of Fujian Province 2010, 26 (19):  300-305.  Abstract + ( 630 )   PDF ( 916286KB )   ( 896 ) We used the nine metabolism systems of Fujian Province' urban as research object in this paper. According to the basic principles of urban metabolism, and the use of emergy theory and the interaction relationships analysis of urban metabolic systems, we do this distinction research from two aspects: one is ecological flow and the other is the interactions between socioeconomic system and the natural ecosystem of urban metabolism. Even more, some indexes and certain ranks were created by GIS technology. The results showed that: There is a clear difference of renewable resources emergy and the export-import emergy between coastal and inland areas while an obvious difference of non-renewable resources emergy between south and north areas; What's more, the natural ecological subsystems of Fuzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou restricted the socioeconomic subsystems While the socioeconomic systems of Sanming,Quanzhou, Nanping, Longyan, Ningde and Putian exploited the natural ecological subsystems.

  Study on the change and prediction of the land use/vegetation dynamic—— taking the She county as example 2010, 26 (19):  306-311.  Abstract + ( 721 )   PDF ( 1040500KB )   ( 839 ) Based on the typical county of returning farmland to forest of She county in Hebei province as the research object, according to the two periods of the 1999 and 2007’s TM images and other auxiliary materials, this paper analysised the change of land use, regional difference and the conversion between various types ,and used markov model to predict the dynamic change trend of the land use in 2015. The results showed that:the She county in Hebei province in the period of 1999-2007, the forest land and high cover grassland were greatly increased 6.41% and 5.61% respectively for the implementation of the returning farmland to forest project. Cultivated land and grassland were greatly reduced, and reduced 4.60% and 7.68% respectively. From the result we can see the forest land, grassland and cultivated land were the dominant types of land use change in this area, and they had widely mutual transformation with other types of land use. By 2015, forest land and high cover grassland will be increased the 2.00% and 1.23%. Cultivated area will be reduced steadily by 3.74%. Forest land , cultivated land and grassland are always the dominant types of land use change ,which are the dominant position, therefore, reasonable using and protecting the forest land, grassland and cultivated land resource are the necessary way to construct the ecological environment in She county.

  Effect ion of flowers and gardening waste matrix on the growth of Petunia hybrid 2010, 26 (19):  312-315.  Abstract + ( 643 )   PDF ( 648727KB )   ( 812 ) After composting, the garden green waste is a natural environmentally friendly flowers matrix. In this study, landscape waste, peat, pearlite and prime soil were in proportion to form a new green matrix, and then had a pot experiment with the Petunia. Through the determination of the physical and chemical properties and physiological indicators of the petunia which was yielded by five different ratios of the substrate, we could find the influence of the growth of Petunia by five different treatments. The results showed that: the quality of Petunia was affected by these five different ratios of substrate. Among these five treatments, the optimal substrate ratio is landscaping waste: soil = 3:7 treatment. This is provide a theoretical basis and data matrix support for the future use of alternative landscape wastes produced by flowers and trees to peat.

  The best ecological conditions of Eisenia fetida decomposition processing sewage sludge 2010, 26 (19):  316-319.  Abstract + ( 792 )   PDF ( 597091KB )   ( 879 ) Sewage sludge is the by-products of the urban wastewater treatment. The components of sewage complex, if not well treated, it is easily produce second pollution. Used the orthogonal design with 4 factors and 3 levels，the experiment tested day growth rate and day cocoon production of earthworm of Eisenia fetida. Maintain a constant moisture content, studied the effect of the temperature, the density of the Eisenia fetida, the carbon nitrogen ratio of sewage sludge as well as the EM recruitment on the the growth and reproduction of Eisenia fetida. The results showed that the best ecological condition of the Eisenia fetida decomposition the sewage sludge were：When the temperature was 22 ℃, the density of Eisenia fetida was 0.1 g/ cm2, the carbon nitrogen ratio of sewage sludge was 20, EM recruitment was 0.1%, the Eisenia fetida have the best growth rate and the reproduction effect.So Determined the best ecological conditions for the earthworm deal with sewage sludge.

  Study on the genetic ecological properties of Hg accumulations in rice grains exposal 2010, 26 (19):  320-323.  Abstract + ( 561 )   PDF ( 569099KB )   ( 824 ) Analysis on seed, cytoplasmic and maternal genetic effects for the contents of Hg was conducted by using genetic models for quantitative traits of seed in cereal crops. According to incomplete diallel cross design(6×5), parents and F1 generations derived from six different types of rice varieties (parental lines), were used for this experiment. The main results were as follows. Analysis on genetic variance showed that the trait of Hg contents involved were not only controlled by genes of seed, cytoplasmic and maternal plant simultaneously, but also affected obviously by genetic effects and GE interaction effects. The genetic main effect of Hg content were mainly affected by GE interaction effect. In genetic systems, dominant effect and dominant interaction effectsof Hg content were main, the genetic effect of seed had some effects on it. The results of heritability and selective response analysis indicated that the content of Hg content was high, single seed descent method is better. Different methods of screening and identification were used in breeding program according to genetic relationship which was controlled by different genetic system, in this way the breeding objective of decreasing Hg contents can be reached.

  Discussion on ecological security of microbial fermentation bed in pig farming 2010, 26 (19):  324-326.  Abstract + ( 712 )   PDF ( 544934KB )   ( 1140 ) Based on the rapid tendency of application of microbial fermentation bed in pig farming in recent years, ecological security problems were investigated. The results of the study show that the ecological security problems are not merely due to the skill system but are the lack of appropriate management measures.There is therefore an urgent need to draft out a set of appropriate management measures, such systems should included alternative and management technology for bedding materials, source control system for feed, recycling technology for waste.

  Analysis and Comparison of Straw Utilization 2010, 26 (19):  327-332.  Abstract + ( 829 )   PDF ( 709231KB )   ( 1325 ) As a big agricultural country, the yearly capacity of straw is about seven hundred million tons in our country. It is a very valuable study that low-cost agricultural waste straw as a raw material are covered into energy. It talks about in aspect of ethanol, methane-methanol production and gasification, liquefaction for diesel oil product based on feed stock of straw stalk. Using straw to create energy causes concern. It not only reduces costs, but also mitigates the problem that causes by straw. Compare with the principle, operational condition, equipment and economy so that find a most favorable developing orientation among straw stalk converting into energy sources. The final result shows that quantity of heat of fuel ethanol reaches to max (18900 MJ) per ton of straw stalk with obvious benefit and great potential of fibrin ethanol. The utilization rate and economic returns of converting straw to ethanol which is a good way of using energy straw are higher than others.

  Community Characteristics of Returning Farmland to Forest Land in Anding District Dingxi City 2010, 26 (19):  333-338.  Abstract + ( 622 )   PDF ( 784755KB )   ( 818 ) In the thesis, Shannon-Wiener species diversity index, Pielou evenness index, Margalef richness index and biomass are selected as the basic indicators, and explore the stability of community and vegetation effect on soil and water conservation under the different forest types in Anding district . The results showed that we should select the suitable trees and the rational allocation system so as to Increase species diversity and thus promote the stability of communities in term of the effect that species diversity plays on community stability. Besides, viewing from the the biomass of plant species quantitative analysising, the biomass, especially the litter biomass of mountain peach and caragana microphylla is higher. So it can play the role of reducing runoff, increasing soil nutrients and storing water.

  Isolation Identification and Degradation Characteristics of Chlorimuron-ethyl Degradation Bacteria L-6 2010, 26 (19):  339-343.  Abstract + ( 742 )   PDF ( 967199KB )   ( 807 ) In order to provide the theoretic basis in bioremediation of chlorimuron-ethyl-contaminated soil, a chlorimuron-ethyl degradable strain was obtained from chlorimuron-ethyl-contaminated soil. L-6, a bacterium which was able to degrade chlorimuron-ethyl, was isolated from the soil of long term applied with chlorimuron-ethyl by enrichment culture. Based on morphology observation, physiological and biochemical characteristics, 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the strain L-6 was identified preliminarily asPseudomonas putida. The effect of initial concentration of chlorimuron-ethyl, inoculation amount, temperature and pH on degradation efficiencies was studied. The optimal degrading conditions were: initial concentration of chlorimuron-ethyl 200 mg/L, inoculation amount of 10%, pH 8.0, respectively, under the optimal conditions, the degrading efficiency could reach more than 80% after 4 days at 30℃. These results indicated that the strain L-6 had certain potential of degrading chlorimuron-ethyl.

  Evaluation of Coordinated Degree of Land Use at County Scale———A Case Study at Bishan County of Chongqing City 2010, 26 (19):  344-348.  Abstract + ( 613 )   PDF ( 661311KB )   ( 955 ) Abstract: The purpose of the paper is to analyze the main problems existing in land use in Bishan and accordingly put forward fundamental countermeasures of reasonable land use. The evaluation index system was established to reflect the land use condition in urban and rural areas and the simulation model of land use coordination degree suitable and potential degree for Bishan was designed. The results show that the total land use coordination degree of Bishan is 0.610,which is in the primary level of “relative coordination” section; and the potential degree is 0.390,which means the potential is limited. It is concluded that comprehensive evaluation on land use of Bishan with coordination model and potential model is beneficial to making policies appropriate for reasonably land use.

  Growth, Accumulation of Cd and Pb by Three Common Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicines under Cd, Pb and Their Combined Pollution 2010, 26 (19):  349-353.  Abstract + ( 1225 )   PDF ( 771859KB )   ( 774 ) A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the accumulation and transfer of Cd and Pb in three traditional Chinese herbal medicines, namely Perilla frutescens(L.)Britt, Herba Plantaginis and Herba Leonuri, which were cultivated under single and compound pollution of Cd and Pb. The results showed that Perilla frutescens(L.)Britt had a strong tolerantion to Cd toxicity, and the tolerance to Pb toxicity followed the order: Herba Plantaginis> Herba Leonuri> Perilla frutescens(L.)Britt. Cd-Pb combined pollution had a synergistic effect on the growth of Perilla frutescens(L.)Britt and Herba Plantaginis, while had an antagonism effect on the growth of Herba Leonuri. The accumulation ability of Cd and Pb in the shoot followed the order : Herba Plantaginis > Herba Leonuri > Perilla frutescens(L.)Britt. Cd-Pb compound pollution facilitated Perilla frutescens(L.)Britt and Herba Plantaginis ’s absorbability of Cd but had contrast effect on Herba Leonuri .The compound pollution had no distinct influence on the accumulation of Herba Plantaginis to Pb, but help to the accumulation of Pb by Perilla frutescens(L.)Britt and Herba Leonuri. Cd-Pb compound pollution had an antagonistic effect on the transfer of Cd from root to shoot in the three traditional Chinese herbs medicine and had stimulative，unavailable and restraining effect on the three traditional Chinese herbs medicine in turn respectively.

  Variation Trend and Risk of High Temperature in Shandong from 1951 to 2000 2010, 26 (19):  354-358.  Abstract + ( 680 )   PDF ( 727288KB )   ( 899 ) Using high temperature data from 1951 to 2000 in Shandong Province, The variation trend of average high temperature in Huimin, Jinan,Weifang and Yanzhou station are analyzed. The results show that, from 1951 to 2000, the variation features of the high temperature in Huimin, Jinan and Weifang decrease first and then increase. The average high temperature is 19.3 ℃ in 1951 and about 18.5 ℃ in 1965. In the 20 years from 1965 to 1985, the average high temperature is vibrating at 18.5℃. After 1985, the high temperature rises again slowly and reaches to 19.0℃. And the variation trend of Yanzhou station is gentle. The high temperature days of Jinan station in the four stations are most and reach at 781 days. And first-grade high temperature days is 584 days, second-grade days are185 days and third-grade days are 12 days. The first-grade high temperature days in Yan zhou station are more than other two grades. As for meteorology disaster risk, the Jinan station rows on top, and is at the highest risk; Weifang and Yanzhou row on second, are at moderate risk; Huimin station rows on third.

  Analysis of Difference Between FY3/MERSI-NDVI and EOS/MODIS-NDVI 2010, 26 (19):  359-362.  Abstract + ( 1032 )   PDF ( 666890KB )   ( 2036 ) The difference of vegetation index of EOS/MODIS and FY3/MERSI were reported in this paper. EOS/MODIS and FY3/MERSI data of august 16,2008 and august 30,2009 were acquired respectively and the vegetation index of EOS/MODIS and FY3/MERSI were calculated in different land, such as forest, bosk, corn, paddy, city, sandlot and so on. This paper analyzes the relationship between MODIS/NDVI and MERSI/NDVI of the same region at different time, based on histogram and Feather Space methods. The results show that their shapes are the same in the histogram, and the range of their values has consistent region. Each inversion result of various kinds of ground objects shows a better linear consistency, the maximum R2 is forest land, which reaches to 0.8624.

  Investigation for Chromium-polluted Soil and Characteristics of Plant Accumulation Nearby Electroplating Factory 2010, 26 (19):  363-368.  Abstract + ( 798 )   PDF ( 585052KB )   ( 858 ) the effects of Cr pollution in the ground water and soil, and absorption and accumulation by the plants, which were nearby an electroplating factory, were studied and analyzed, the results indicated that, the ground water and the soil nearby the electroplating factory are both polluted in different degrees by Cr, the Cr content in the soil is obvious positively related to the Cr(VI) content in the groundwater(R2=0.990 4); Cr content in the plants is significant different in different environments, with the increase of Cr content in soil, Cr content in the plants is also an increasing trend; Conyza canadensis can accumulate Cr, its Bioaccmulation Coefficients of roots reach 0.584 8~0.831 5, its Bioaccumulation Coefficient of root reaches 0.584 8~0.831 5, Bioaccumulation Coefficient of shoot is 0.260 4~0.451 4; Eleusine indica and Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. have strong abilities to transporting Cr from the root to shoot in plants, their Transfer Coefficients of shoots are respectively up to 1.618 5~2.712 0 and 1.355 6~1.899 1.”

  The Spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and yield potential of Medium-low Yielded Farmland in china 2010, 26 (19):  369-373.  Abstract + ( 724 )   PDF ( 644874KB )   ( 1284 ) Improving medium-low yielded farmland is one of the most important ways to realize total arable land equilibrium and protect food security of china. In this study, we use the national agricultural sub-county data and the second national soil survey data to investigate the type, spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and yield potential of medium-low yielded farmland in china. The results showed that the farmland quality had increased gradually from 1985 to 2008. Low-yield farmland’ proportion had decreased form 50.01% to 28.61%; the proportion of medium-yield farmland’s had increased from 24.86% to 37.91%; high-yield farmland’ proportion had increased from 25.13% to 33.48%. The main distribution areas of medium-low yielded farmland are northeast china, north china and the Lower-middle Reaches of Yangtze River. The main types are barren land, arid land, sloping land, water logging paddy land, water logging dry land, saline-alkali land, Aeolian sandy land and so on. We also calculated the production potential and proposed the technical countermeasures, future research direction and policy recommendations to improve the medium-low yielded farmland.

  Evaluation of Coordinated Development Degree Between Economy and Environment in Gansu 2010, 26 (19):  374-377.  Abstract + ( 712 )   PDF ( 649497KB )   ( 955 ) With the rapid economic development, Environmental obstacles to economic development plays a growing role,and sustainable development has drawn increasing attention. Although scholars of various disciplines in the field made a lot of research work, the theory of environment and economic development to explore the quantitative evaluation is still in research stage.After analyzing the present situation of the economy and the environment in Gansu Province, through the coordination of economic and environmental evaluation model,it can reveals the relationship between the state of the environment and economic development in Gansu Province,and it also has some reference value for local environmental policy development and evaluation.

  Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Pigeonpea Accessions 2010, 26 (19):  378-382.  Abstract + ( 615 )   PDF ( 906973KB )   ( 891 ) 15 Pigeonpea accessions have been studied by RAPD method in order to understand the genetic diversity of Pigeonpea. 27 random primers with higher polymorphism were screened out from plenty of random primers; 104 bands (59.24%) shows polymorphic among the total 176 RAPD identified bands. The amplified fragments have been counted and convert to data. The 15 Pigeonpea accessions have been divided into 6 classes according to the clustering result obtained from SPSS13.0 software. Meanwhile, 15 pigeonpea germplasms have planted in the field and recorded the biological characteristics. The clustering result in DNA level is similar to the classifying result with biological characteristics exhibited in field after comparing. The result provides valuable information for the utilization of genetic resources in pigeonpea germplasm.

  Advance in Research on Genetic Diversity of Aquilaria sinensis 2010, 26 (19):  383-386.  Abstract + ( 608 )   PDF ( 551449KB )   ( 1060 ) Abstract: As an important part of biodiversity, genetic diversity is the basis of species diversity and ecosystem diversity. Aquilaria sinensis (Loureiro) Sprengel is precious traditional medicine and natural perfume, the economic value is very high, understanding its genetic diversity is critical for both theory and application. The distribution and research on genetic diversity of Aquilaria sinensis (Loureiro) Sprengel from different levels including morphology, cytology, biochemistry and molecule were reviewed. Generally, the genetic diversity of Aquilaria sinensis (Loureiro) Sprengel is high. Some emergent questions and tendencies are presented and discussed in this paper, aiming to supply reference to the further research.

  Effects of soybean peptide on physiological indices in the leaves of Brazil banana seedlings under high temperature stress 2010, 26 (19):  387-391.  Abstract + ( 740 )   PDF ( 767116KB )   ( 793 ) In order to investigate the regulation effect of soybean peptide on the high temperature resistance of banana plants,after foliar spraying with different concentrations soybean petide,some relative physiological indices were measured in seedlings of banana cultivar “Brazil” at 42 ℃.The results showed that the pretreatment with soybean peptide reduced the relative conductivity and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) in leaves,and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD),as well as the contents of soluble proteins and proline in leaves,and inhibit the production of O2.-. The results have proved the soybean peptide has constructive effects in decreasing the injury caused by high temperature stress and increasing the heat resistance of the leaves of Brazil banana seedling.The optimum soybean peptide concentration was found to be 0.6%.

  Colonization of Bacillus subtilis Strain TR21 in Banana Plant and Rhizosphere 2010, 26 (19):  392-396.  Abstract + ( 886 )   PDF ( 755573KB )   ( 1134 ) Bacillus subtilis strain TR21 mutant of resistant streptomycin 300 μg/ml was acquired by continuously screening on series concentration of streptomycin media, compared with original strain, whose antagonism against pathogen of banana wilt disease and colony morphology weren’t changed. The colonization of marked strain in banana plant, root surface and rhizosphere soil was investigated with inoculations of injuring root, drenching root and dropping leaf axil. The results showed that the marked strain could colonize and transfer in banana tissues when inoculated by injuring root and drenching root methods, and there was the most amount in the banana plant after injuring root inoculation, 1 d after inoculation, the population of marked strain were 3.33×106 cfu?g-1 in corm of banana; the marked strain also displayed good colonization in the rhizosphere soil and root surface, 15 d after inoculation, the population of marked strain in root surface were 6.18×103 cfu?g-1 or 5.53×103 cfu?g-1, respectively, and in the rhizosphere soil were 1.13×104 cfu?g-1 or 1.04×104 cfu?g-1, respectively; with these two inoculation methods, the population of marked strain showed the downward trend generally in banana plant, root surface and rhizosphere soil during 1 to 15 d after inoculation; inoculated by dropping leaf axil method, the marked strain could only colonize in leaf, the population showed a trend “first increasing then decreasing”.

  Areca catechu L. germplasm Research Survey 2010, 26 (19):  397-400.  Abstract + ( 816 )   PDF ( 553498KB )   ( 1003 ) Abstract：Introduced the status ofAreca catechu L. Germplasm Resources，Described tissue culture, molecular markers and proteomics research in the application of Areca catechu L，Prospect of modern biotechnology in the Areca catechu L. germplasm in the broad prospects for future research.

  Leaf color feature extraction designed for intelligent monitoring of plant growth 2010, 26 (19):  401-407.  Abstract + ( 631 )   PDF ( 1175009KB )   ( 906 ) A color feature extraction method of plant leaf has been designed according to the requirements of intelligent monitoring of plant growth. The overall color feature of plant leaf is extracted at first. The feature data can be used to identify a leaf is healthy, having overall color variation or having local color variation. If local color variation be detected, it will be segmented from the leaf and then its color and spatial distribution features will be computed. Tests have been conducted using leafs with different variations, in which the sunny side and the shade side of each leaf are set as two different series for comparison. The data show the feature parameters having been designed can provide data to judge a leaf is healthy or not, including the type and extent of color variation. The method is applicable to intelligent monitoring of plant growth and it can provide data for the following decision-making process.

  Towards designing a decision support system for meteorological disasters insurance for cucumbers in greenhouses 2010, 26 (19):  408-412.  Abstract + ( 628 )   PDF ( 801471KB )   ( 892 ) Abstract: Weather disaster insurance plays a key role in reducing the impact of weather disaster on agricultural production, and improving the farmers’ ability against risks. Based on the theory of weather disaster risk assessment and weather index insurance, the weather disaster index was designed, and a quantitative analysis of the relationship between weather disaster index and cucumber yield loss was made with crop yield method, and the disaster assessment criteria database was built. On the base of these researches, A Web GIS-based decision support system for weather disaster insurance for cucumbers in greenhouses was designed.

  Study on mobile expert system of Guanximiyou on the basis of 3G WCDMA network 2010, 26 (19):  413-416.  Abstract + ( 660 )   PDF ( 1265548KB )   ( 749 ) The paper studied the mobile expert system of guanxi honey pomelo on the basis of 3G WCDMA technology. System made full use of 3G networks and WAP2.0, Visual C #, WML, Javascript and other programming languages with the development platform of Microsoft ASP.NET to build guanxi honey pomelo mobile expert system on 3G mobile terminal. Agricultural producers only need a 3G mobile terminal can achieve expert knowledge interactive query, pest diagnosis and control functions without time and space constraints. While its modular structure frame design can quickly create a similar expert system with a simple interface, powerful, easy to use features. It was the new application of 3G technology on the agricultural expert system.

  Effect of different ratios of nitrogen fertilizers on theGrowth and nutrition value of crabs in paddy field 2010, 26 (19):  417-422.  Abstract + ( 772 )   PDF ( 845701KB )   ( 684 ) The effect of different ratio of organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizers on the growth, nutrition, as well as yield of crabs was investigated when these fertilizers was applied for once under a symbiosis system composed of paddy and crab. Comparing to conventional famer practice (FP) and optimum fertilization (OPT), treatment A1 (balanced fertilization) had a satisfied result on the growth, as well as the yield and quality of crab. The contents of protein, fat and moisture in edible part of crabs were 20.3%, 6.3% and 72.0% respectively. At the same time, the yield of paddy was the highest with number of 11002.5kg/hm2. The survival rate of crabs was as high as 66.7%, which could satisfy the demand of agricultural production.As far as OPT treatment was concerned, it seemed more suitable for paddy instead of crabs.

  Effect of Cu2+ on Limnodilus claparedianu Acute Toxicity and Superoxide Dismutase Activity 2010, 26 (19):  423-425.  Abstract + ( 640 )   PDF ( 646867KB )   ( 938 ) The author of this article adopted an acute toxicity method to mensurate the semi-lethal concentration (LC50) of Limnodilus claparedianus that were disposed in Cu2+ with different concentrations. The variation of L. claparedianus SOD activity toxic was tested by means of enzyme activity in this paper. The results showed that the semi-lethal concentration (LC50) of 48 hours was 8.640 ul/L. Cu2+ had a significant effect on L. hoffmeisteri SOD activity (P＜0.05). The SOD activity in the animal specimen increased when they were disposed in low concentration Cu2+ (0.500ul/L～5.340 ul/L). But SOD activity in the animal specimen decreased at different levels when concentrations of Cu2+ increased to 11.740ul/L, a conclusion was achieved that Cu2+ could cause coercion to L. claparedianus and even cause death of animal individuals, and they could also lead to direct and indirect influence on aquatic ecosystems and the subspecies which were fed by L. claparedianus.

  Empirical Research of the Situation of the Left-behind Children in Rural Areas 2010, 26 (19):  426-432.  Abstract + ( 816 )   PDF ( 687250KB )   ( 885 ) The article used an empirical method. Left-behind Children in rural areas are the development of market economy and national policy background, this article left to the village children as research subjects, using the questionnaire the way know the status of Village Left-behind Children, found that children staying there thought behavior, academic problems, psychological problems and security issues and other issues. And to analyze its causes and from their families, society, schools and government recommendations to resolve these problems. With a view to an effective solution to the problem of children left New Village, which can be extended to all parts of the country, so that the Left-behind Children in our country very well be able to resolve the problem.

  The Analyze on Promotive Effect of Agro-Industry in Developing Small Towns 2010, 26 (19):  433-438.  Abstract + ( 623 )   PDF ( 906133KB )   ( 909 ) After decades of development, major successes have been achieved in the construction of town in China. However, during the development, there came some problems, such as the regional economy grows difference to expand ceaselessly, the extensive mode of economic development of China's economic structure was still more prominent, be lack of appropriate positioning and strong industrial support and so on, which led the small towns in middle and west China develop slowly, the agro-products lack competition ability on the international market and the farmers can not share of the fruits of urbanization. In this paper, after analyzing the current situation and the characteristic of agro-industry, as well as economic demand in town development, based on Growth Pole Theory – one of the theories of Regional Economy, the paper gave the suggestion that the way to promote small towns is to develop agro-industry, and forward some countermeasures in the last.

  The Stage Features and Policy Choices in China’s Agriculture Development A Comparative Analysis under the Perspective of“Four Stages Theory” in International Agricultural Development Process 2010, 26 (19):  439-444.  Abstract + ( 5344 )   PDF ( 583730KB )   ( 11594 ) Accelerating agriculture’s modernization and internationalization process is an important strategy of Chinese agriculture’s development in the 21st century. The transition from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture worldwide is divided into four stages, namely, the period for investment in agriculture, the period for agricultural resources’outflow, the period for the integration of agriculture and macroeconomic, and the period for feeding agriculture. The four stages theory in lnternational agricultural development reflects the process of agricultural modernization, that is, in a transition process from the traditional business module to modern business module within a country. In the comparative analysis perspective, this paper attempts to use the four stages theory to understand the current stage and the main features of China's agricultural development of countries in recent years to understand a series of strategies and policies which have been implemented to support and benefit rural households, and to understand the long-term goal Agriculture for Development better.

  The impact of price fluctuation of imported agricultural products on China’s macro-economy—an empirical study based on CGE model 2010, 26 (19):  445-449.  Abstract + ( 647 )   PDF ( 695143KB )   ( 1093 ) Abstract: the price fluctuation of imported agricultural products will definitely have an impact on China’s macroeconomic indices as well as various industries, in order to make quantitative analysis of this problem in the background of China’s aggregate economic activity, a multi-sector CGE model based on the SAM incorporating the latest 2007 input-output table has been constructed .The empirical study shows that :increase of imported .agricultural products’price increase will have a negative effect on macro-economy and contraction effect on related industries,however,real GDP is influenced very little by price increase.

  Analysis on the difficulties and Countermeasures of Rural Residential Land Management 2010, 26 (19):  450-454.  Abstract + ( 726 )   PDF ( 605287KB )   ( 1016 ) The purpose of the paper is to explore the the current impact and constraints of Rural Residential Land. The countermeasures to Standard and improve the Rural Residential Land Management were put forwarded. Methods of survey and empirical analysis were employed. The results show that the inefficient use of Rural Residential Land is a focus problem of land resource management. Simultaneously, legal system, market operation, awareness of farmers and rural protection have different degrees impact on the operational and implementation of Rural Residential Land management. There is the conclusion that we should take relevant measures such as reform, and operating norms, scientific planning, strengthening of social protection to improve optimization of Residential Land Management.

  An Empirical Study of the Development of Export-oriented Agriculture Based on Competitiveness in Fujian 2010, 26 (19):  455-458.  Abstract + ( 617 )   PDF ( 597275KB )   ( 750 ) Firstly, the author explains advantages and effectiveness of agricultural opening in Fujian, based on the understanding of the characteristics and changes of export-oriented agricultural trade in Fujian, through building measure model of provincial agricultural competitiveness of export-oriented degree and evaluate provincial agricultural competitiveness of export-oriented degree in Fujian compositely, and analyses in-depth its ranking in the country and developments and causes. Finally, from the angle of enhancing the agricultural competitiveness of export-oriented degree in Fujian, the author applies new thinking in order to advance the international, modern agriculture strategy.