Current issue

• 2010 Vol.26 No.17 Published:05 September 2010

  23

  Isolation and Identification of Swine Skin-derived Dendritic Cells 2010, 26 (17):  1-4.  Abstract + ( 1270 )   PDF ( 1913025KB )   ( 1234 ) Abstract:【Objective】To separate dendritic cells( DC) without a requirement for in vitro propagation, which will lay a foundation for the study on the relations between the virus and swine DC. 【Methods】Skin layers were cut by hand with a blade and cultured overnight, and the isolated cells were acquired. The phenotype and morphology of DCs were identified by flow cytometry, Giemsa staining and scanning electron microscope. 【Results】The amount of skin-derived dendritic cells by way of cell counting was 5×106. These cells exhibited 82.3% rate of positive cells of CD1a and SWC3a antigens by flow cytometry (FCM), which was with one accord for specific molecular of DC; 90.2% rate of positive cells of CD80/86 was detected by FCM; There were more dendritic protrusions on the cells surface by way of Giemsa staining and scanning electron microscope. 【Conclusion】The skin-derived DCs of swine were isolated successfully according to the analysis of phenotype and morphology. The segregated swine skin-derived dendritic cells lay a foundation for the research on organ transplantation or immunosuppression mechanism of viral diseases in porcine.

  Hazard Analysis of the main food-borne pathogens which affected on the beef quality safety 2010, 26 (17):  5-8.  Abstract + ( 1081 )   PDF ( 584010KB )   ( 1234 ) Food-borne pathogens is the leading cause of food-borne diseases. It could do great harm to human health and also it's the potential safety hazard in food safety. However, the meat can be contaminated with food-borne pathogens easily because it is rich in nutrition, sugar, protein and moisture which the micro-organisms need greatly. And then，the food-borne pathogens can threaten human health through the food chain. In this paper, the present situation of beef affected by food-borne pathogen in China were reviewed. And it’s aimed at controlling the pollution of food-borne pathogens in beef and ensuring the quality of beef through understanding the polluted situation of food-borne pathogens in beef.

  A study on the relativity between NPY gene polymorphism and reproductive traits of Qingyuan partridge chicken based on ligase detection reaction 2010, 26 (17):  9-12.  Abstract + ( 1331 )   PDF ( 649733KB )   ( 1250 ) Gene polymorphisms include lots of genetic information. Typing technology is the main method to evaluate gene polymorphism. The parallel typing system based on ligase detection reaction was established in the present study, and to detect the polymorphism of NPY gene, as well as its genetic effect on age at first laying, egg weight at first laying, body weight at first laying, average egg weight at the age of 40 weeks, average egg weight at the age of 50 weeks, and total egg number at the age of 52 weeks in Qingyuan partridge chicken. The genotypes of 4 bp deletion mutation in NPY transcription start region were identified in Qingyuan partridge chickens, and the results were coincidence with direct sequencing. The least square analysis showed that only body weight at first laying has significantly difference between different genotypes. BB genotype birds had significant lighter body weight at first laying than AA and AB genotype birds

  Applications of Sensors in Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria 2010, 26 (17):  13-16.  Abstract + ( 1099 )   PDF ( 566270KB )   ( 1244 ) The immunity biosensor has characteristic of sensitiy, fleetness and economic ways,which have applied in the industry, agriculture, environmental monitoring and biomedicine.This paper show that the immunity biosensor applicated in the S.aureu, the E.coli, V.parahaemolyticus and so on,and its developed in the future.

  The effect and analysis of large-scale embryo transfer in sheep 2010, 26 (17):  17-19.  Abstract + ( 1206 )   PDF ( 556574KB )   ( 1125 ) The experiment was to study the large-scale embryo transfer in sheep by super-ovulation, embryo collection and synchrony. The results were the pregnancy rates were 68.1%, 71.9%, 43.2% of 1 fresh embryo, 2 fresh embryos and 2 frozen embryos transferred into recipients, respectively. Meanwhile, recipients transferred with 2 embryos can gain 51% more twin-lamb rate.

  Marker Analysis of Main Cultivation Wheat variety of Central Shanxi Province 2010, 26 (17):  20-25.  Abstract + ( 1319 )   PDF ( 1309431KB )   ( 1058 ) The central region of Shanxi Province is very important for wheat production in this province. Understanding genetic constitutions of these cultivars will provide useful information for wheat breeding. Using SDS-PAGE and functional markers of five wheat genes, the high molecular weight glutenin subunits and genetic constitutions of 10 major cultivars in the area were analyzed. The results showed that the 10 cultivars included four types of HMW-GS combinations, of them, Jintai 9923 have a combination of 1, 7+8 and 5+10. Analyzed with secalin and 1RS specific markers, four cultivars carried T1RS·1BL translocation. Three cultivars carriedRht2 , 7 carriedRht8 , one carried bothRht2 andRht8 . Four cultivars carriedPinb-D1b , five cultivars carriedPinb-D1a . Using PPO gene specific marker, three loci were revealed in the ten cultivars indicating genetic polymorphism, of them, four cultivars carried the low active loci (The amplified fragment is 876 bp).

  In vitro clearance of -OH、DPPH- and NO2- with polysaccharides from mycelia of Pleurotus ostreatus, P. nebrodensis and P. eryngii 2010, 26 (17):  26-30.  Abstract + ( 1307 )   PDF ( 855252KB )   ( 1124 ) 【OBJECTIVE】This paper is to clearify the in vitro clearance ability of -OH, DPPH- and NO2- with the mycelial polysaccharides from Pleurotus ostreatus, P. nebrodensis and P. eryngii;【METHOD】Mycelial polysaccharides were extracted by hot water and purified by Sevag method. The anti-oxidation activity was determined by polyfunctional microplate spectrophotometer. The data were analyzed by DPS V7.05 software;【RESULTS】. The clearance rates of -OH, DPPH- and NO2- were 43.51％-98.09％, 5.98％-51.96％ and 10.22％-26.75％ respectively in the polysaccharide concentration range of 200-2000 μg/mL. The EC50 values of DPPH- clearance rate for B10, PL7 and P89 are 1.98, 2.74 and 3.28mg/mL respectively. The EC50 values of -OH clearance rate for P89 and B10 are 49.6μg/mL and 467.3 μg/mL respectively. The EC50 value of -OH clearance rate for PL7 is beyond the minimum limit. The EC50 value of NO2- clearance rate for P89 is 5.3mg/mL; The maxima of NO2- clearance rate for PL7 and B10 are 18.53% and 17.52% respectively when the polysaccharide concentration is above 500μg/mL,【CONCLUSION】The anti-oxidation activity is different between mushrooms and for different free radicals. The tested mushrooms have high ability to clear -OH, middle ability to clear DPPH- but weak ability to clear NO2-. PL7 and B10 have high clearance ability to-OH and DPPH-, but P89 is at the advantage of NO2- clearance ability.

  The Phylogenetic Relationship of Several Varieties for Export of Lentinula edodes and Comparative Experiment of Cultivation 2010, 26 (17):  31-36.  Abstract + ( 1576 )   PDF ( 696271KB )   ( 1048 ) In order to select and breed new varieties of Lentinula edodes for export, the phylogenetic relationship of several strains of L. edodes was analyzed based on ribosomal DNA ITS sequences, and comparative experiments of cultivation between the two selected strains and some others cultivated in China were also investigated. The results indicated the moderate genetic diversity among these strains for export, and they could be clustered into two groups. The strains qh01, qh04, qh05 and qh06 were clustered into one group, which indicated a close phylogenetic relationship within the group. However, the single strain qh02 was clustered into another group, which inferred a far phylogenetic relationship with other strains. Comparative experiments showed various agronomic traits among the tested strains, and especially, the two strains qh02 and qh06, showed excellent agronomic traits, and consequently inferred that the two strains were suitable for export.

  Abnormal Chromosome Number in PMC MI of Aegilops ventricosa × Aegilops cylindrica Amphiploid SDAU18 2010, 26 (17):  37-40.  Abstract + ( 1217 )   PDF ( 1216797KB )   ( 847 ) Abstract: To study the chromosome elimination of PMC MI in amphiploid SDAU18 from Ae. ventricosa and Ae. cylindrica. The chromosome configuration of SDAU18 and its parents was observed by improved carbol fuchsin methods. The results indicated that chromosome loss of ranged number in partial PMCs MI in one anther of SDAU18 was observed. The average frequency of chromosome-lost PMC MI was 4.64%, and the mean configuration of chromosome-lost PMCs MI was 2n = 12. 77I + 5.26IIR + 1. 57IIO + 0. 02III = 26.49。. However, PMCs MI with abnormal number in its parents weren’t found, each cell had 14 bivalents. The chromosme elimination of SDAU18 PMCs MI was rare.

  Establishment of SCAR genetic marker on Volvariella volvacea and its application of hybrid identification 2010, 26 (17):  41-46.  Abstract + ( 1293 )   PDF ( 2238460KB )   ( 1065 ) Abstract: There are multi-nucleus in hypal cells and no clamp-connections in morphology on Volvariella volvacea.That makes its difficulty to cross breeding.In this study,using SRAP method for screen out different genetic bands between single-spore strain 26 and strain 28,and optimizing temperature conditions of PCR primers designed on sequence of bands, finally ,we got four different SCAR genetic markers, which SCAR1 and SCAR4 belong to strain 26 specially , SCAR2 and SCAR3 belong to strain 28 specially. This four SCAR genetic markers have successful identified the hybrid nature of the strains 2628 and will be applied to genetic analysis of hybrid offspring. It reveals the nature of the genetic model of straw mushroom and provides an effective means.

  Cloning and Expression Analysis of Peanut AhLEA18 2010, 26 (17):  47-50.  Abstract + ( 1537 )   PDF ( 725385KB )   ( 1111 ) In plants, a group of hydrophilic proteins, known as Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins, accumulate to high level during the late stage of seed maturation and during water deficiency in vegetative organs, suggesting a protective role during water limitation. LEA18 protein is a member of LEA protein family. The PvLEA18 transcript and protein level are highly accumulated in dry seeds and pollen grains and also respond to water deficit and ABA treatments. In this study, one LEA18 protein gene from peanut (LuHua 14) was cloned and named AhLEA18. Aligning with several LEA18 proteins from other species by ClustalW program, the result demonstrated that the AhLEA18 is a typical LEA18 protein. The expression of this gene in different tissues and four developmental stages of peanut seeds were analyzed by Semi-quantitative RT-PCR.

  The Statistical Characteristics of Tobacco Mild Green Mosaic Virus Complete Genome 2010, 26 (17):  51-53.  Abstract + ( 1056 )   PDF ( 510633KB )   ( 954 ) To extract the statistical features of complete tobacco streak virus genome and conduct cluster analysis. In the tobacco streak virus complete genome sequence of the base, with two bases of each base and its subsequent posed by the three base groups, arranged in a new sequence S; the calculation of all 64 kinds of different groups in the three bases appear on the probability of S, we obtain a 64-dimensional vector L; Comparison of L-vector of each genome, we get 6 three base groups that emergence of probability are significantly different 6 three-base group （AAG；AGA；TGA；GAC；GAG；GTT）the emergence of probability and the genome associated with genetic variation has importance; 4 different sources Tobacco streak virus complete genome, based on the results of their genetic variation, form 2 major categories.

  Recent Advances of evaluation and QTLs Analysis for Cold Tolerance in rice 2010, 26 (17):  54-59.  Abstract + ( 1336 )   PDF ( 641701KB )   ( 1556 ) In order to research the mechanism of rice at low temperature, clone the genes of cold tolerance, breed the new rice defense cold stress, it is need to analysis progress on rice at low temperature. Evaluation of low-temperature germinability, cold tolerance of seedling, booting and application of the indexes were summarized. Physiology and biochemistry researches on molecular mechanism of cold tolerance were introduced. Rice film phase and enzyme activity have been changed with injury by low temperature. Studies on quantitative traits loci (QTLs) analysis for cold tolerance in rice were reviewed. BILs had been used for researching mostly among BILs, RILs and DH. More studies focused at seedling stage than booting stage. The first one cloned gene of cold tolerance had been introduced. And research directions on cold tolerance of rice in the future were suggested.

  Study on Culture in Vitro and Reversion for Vitrification on Seeds of Handeliodendron bodinieri (Lévl.) Rehd. 2010, 26 (17):  60-64.  Abstract + ( 1404 )   PDF ( 646989KB )   ( 993 ) The method of culture in vitro was applied to study rapid propagation of Handeliodendron bodinieri (Lévl.) Rehd. which is an endangered wildlife catalogued as a national protected plant of China (Category I). Seeds of H. bodinieri were used as explants to induce sprouts and buds on medium contained different growth regulators. The results indicated that with suitable growth regulators, if seeds of H. bodinieri were collected and cultured in time germination rate could reach 96.7％. But with storage duration, the germination rate cut down gradually and wouldn’t have the ability of germination after half a year. The BA could make plants stronger and NAA could make plants taller. Buds grew well and the proliferation multiple was 3.43 on the medium of MS+BA1.0 mg/L+NAA0.2 mg/L. But with subcultures increasing, vitrification emerged. Vitrification could be reversed efficiently with changing MS medium into B5 medium and BA-NAA group into KT-IBA group. Orthogonal experiments results showed that the proliferation multiple and reversion for vitrification of buds were determined by the content of KT and medium was the second factor. The compounding medium of 0.75B5+KT1.0 mg/L+IBA0.05 mg/L+Sucrose 40000 mg/L could induce buds with high proliferation multiple and reversion of vitrification.

  Studies on the Determine Method of Ramie Pollen Vitality 2010, 26 (17):  65-69.  Abstract + ( 1482 )   PDF ( 716341KB )   ( 1143 ) Abstract: to celeritily and nicetily identify the male sterility germplasms of ramie, The pollen vitality of 15 germplasm which were collected by our lab were examined by methods of dyeing and germination. The results showed that there are biggish difference in pollen vitality among different ramie germplams used different methods of dyeing. The effect of dyeing was not vary good by I2-KI, TTC and Aceto-Carmine. The pollen tube could be clearly seen used method of germination. So the best determine method of ramie pollen vitality was germination. When there was 10% saccharose concentration in the culture medium, 11 germplams could be grew pollen tube; When there was 20% saccharose concentration in the culture medium, 12 germplams could be grew pollen tube; When there was 30% saccharose concentration in the culture medium, all of 15 germplasms could not be germination. So the method of germination need 10%-20% saccharose concentration.

  Molecular phylogeny of species complex of Phellinus based on nucleotide sequences and RNA secondary structure 2010, 26 (17):  70-74.  Abstract + ( 1315 )   PDF ( 561429KB )   ( 1141 ) Molecular phylogeny of species complex of Phellinus was studied based on nucleotide sequences of ribosome of fungus and the characterization of RNA secondary structure. Some sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal DNA (mt SSU rDNA) for Phellinus and related species were analyzed, and phylogenetic trees were constructed. In addition, the RNA secondary structures were also studied based on free energy minimization. The result showed that the characterization of sequences for different strains of Phellinus pini was similar, Phellinus pini was not likely to be a specie complex. Phellinus igniarius could comprise more species, which had different characterizations of sequences, so it was difficult to separate the species complex in taxonomy.

  Research on the method for developmental stage identification and free for the microspore of tomato 2010, 26 (17):  75-78.  Abstract + ( 1229 )   PDF ( 1618318KB )   ( 1124 ) The identification method for the uninucleate stage of tomato microspore, and the best method to free microspore from anther are studied in this paper. Carmine acetate dyeing, Alcohol- Hydrochloride-Carmine acetate dyeing, DAPI staining were used to stain the cell nuclear of microspore in uninucleate stage. Neutral Red with pH value 6.8-8.0 was used to stain the vacuole. Squeezing method, squeezing centrifuge and Natural spill out were used to free the microspore from anther. Results show that Carmine acetate dyeing is not effective in coloring compared to Alcohol Hydrochloride-Carmine acetate dyeing. Clear coloring can also be obtained by DAPI staining and Neutral Red staining. However, these two methods are limited by high cost, testing time or the activity of microspore. Lowest in advance hulling rate can be reached by Natural spill out , compared to squeezing and squeezing centrifuge method. Therefore, Alcohol- Hydrochloride-Carmine acetate dyeing is the best identification method for the DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES of tomato microspore. And Natural spill out can be used to free the microspore, which can reduce the hulling rate and improve the activity.

  Extraction Method and Composition Analyse of Red Pigment of Sorghum 2010, 26 (17):  79-85.  Abstract + ( 1314 )   PDF ( 1256332KB )   ( 1203 ) Abstract:The effects of extraction pigment of red sorghum such as solvent species,chroma,acidity,temperature and extraction time was tested respectively.The best extraction condition of pigment of red sorghum was determined by using the orthogonal experiment(L934). Analysed to two kind of sorghum pigment solution ultraviolet-visible spectrum. The orthogonal experiment definite that the best extraction method of pigment of red sorghum were 80℃,75% (v/v)alcohol ,a 2.0 of pH value, the ratio of solid to liquid of 1﹕100(g/ml), extraction time of 2h. Pigment of red and purple black of sorghum solution biggest absorption peak is 494nm and 499nm respectively in the visible light area.Preliminary identification pigment of red sorghum includes the flavones and flavonols substance by analyzing the ultraviolet spectrograph data.

  Studies on relationship between potassium and chlorine content of tobacco leaf and its smoking quality in Northern areas 2010, 26 (17):  86-92.  Abstract + ( 1188 )   PDF ( 694387KB )   ( 950 ) 【OBJECTIVE】 We mainly want to find out the general situation of tobacco leaf potassium and chlorine content and relationship between potassium and chlorine content of tobacco leaf and its smoking quality in northern area of China. 【METHOD】We collected 295 flue-cured tobacco samples from 5 provinces, detected their main chemical components, evaluated their smoking quality, and measured their combustibility. 【RESULTS】The results showed that the coefficient of variation of potassium oxide content, chlorine content and the ritio of potassium oxide to chlorine were bigger in the Northeast, there were abvious regional difference in potassium oxide content, chlorine content of tobaaco leaves amoung different provinces; the chlorine content of tobacco leaf was the principal factor which mainly reduced the scores of aroma quality, aroma quatity, offensive odor and aftertaste in Liaoning Province and Neimeng Province; the chlorine content of tobacco leaf was also the main factor which mainly reduced the scores of aroma quatity and irritation Shandong Procince. The chlorine was determining factor which reduced tobacco leaf combustibility. 【CONCLUSION】Based upon the above analyses, the authors conclude that fitting content of potassium oxide, chlorine and the ritio of potassium oxide to chlorine were ＞1.0 percent、＜0.6 percent and ＞1.5 in Liaoning Province and Neimeng Province and fitting content of chlorine and the ritio of potassium oxide to chlorine were ＜0.6 percent and ＞3.0 in Shandong Province.

  Nitrite Residues Analysis and Mitigation Countermeasures in Non-polluted Tea in Non-polluted Tea Production 2010, 26 (17):  93-97.  Abstract + ( 1318 )   PDF ( 654071KB )   ( 1191 ) The status, law and causes of nitrite residues in tea were analyzed.From the scientific use of nitrogen fertilizer,balanced fertilization,precision fertilizer,breeding of germplasm resources with low nitrite accumulation aspects, mitigating countermeasures of nitrite residues in non-polluted tea were presented.

  Simultaneous distillation-extraction and Headspace solid phase microextraction methods for analysis of volatiles in Mantou 2010, 26 (17):  98-102.  Abstract + ( 1310 )   PDF ( 1173779KB )   ( 1203 ) The volatiles of Mantou were extracted by Simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) and Headspace solid phase microextraction(SPME) respectively, then were separated and identificated by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC- MS) , to analysis the different of volatiles extracted by two different methods. There are 25 compounds were detected from sample extracted by SDE, and 50 compounds were identified by SPME. Total of 70 species of volatile compounds, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters et al, were detected from samples which were prepared by two methods. Although species of compounds detected by SPME are more than SDE, but concentration of compounds in sample extracted by SPME are lower. From the separation efficiency of total-ion current chromatogram, the extract method of SDE is better than SPME.

  Study on the extraction and stability of the enzymatic browning product in chestnut kernel 2010, 26 (17):  103-107.  Abstract + ( 1128 )   PDF ( 725495KB )   ( 1058 ) The extraction and stability on the enzymatic browning product of the chestnut kernel were studied. The best extracting conditions of the bath reflux were that 75% of ethanol concentration, 6h of extraction time, 1∶2 of ratio material to liquid, 45℃ of extracting temperature. The factor of temperature doesn’t affect the stability of the enzymatic browning product, but other factors of light, pH, food additive affect the stability of the enzymatic browning product.

  Analysis on main smoke characteristics of cured tobacco leaf from different planting altitudes 2010, 26 (17):  108-111.  Abstract + ( 1156 )   PDF ( 751382KB )   ( 1068 ) In order to demonstrate the smoke characteristics of cigarette made by cured leaf from different planting altitude (1200m-2000m), K326, one of main flue-cured tobacco cultivars in Yunnan province was used to study the characteristics of the cured leaf , by analyzing tar content and other main smoke gas index value in smoke of the cigarette made by the cured leaf, that tar content, nicotine content, total particle material and carbon monoxide content varied greatly in altitude was obtained. By increaseing unit of 200 meter, with tobacco planting altitude was increased gradually from 1,200 to 1,800 meters, tar content, nicotine content, total particle material and carbon monoxide content had a decreasing tendency generally, and which all reached the lowest point by the altitude of 1800 meter. With the altitude continued to 2000 meter, the four smoke gas index were increased, but their value did not reach the level of 1600 meters’. At the altitude of 1800 meters, tar content, nicotine content, total particle material and carbon monoxide content from the cured leaf planted in plains were higher than that planted in mountain areas. So, the industrial usability of the cured leaf from 1800 meter altitude for top quality cigarettes, especial from mountain flue-cured tobacco, was better.

  The influence of distiller's yeast on Fruit Wine by Mixed Fermentation of Orange Juice and Pear Juice 2010, 26 (17):  112-114.  Abstract + ( 1355 )   PDF ( 947921KB )   ( 933 ) Abstract :The experiments of adding different content distiller's yeast to the Mixed Fermentation of Orange Juice and Pear Juice suggested that the distiller's yeast can raise the rate of fruit juice and the alcohol content ; The appropriate content of distiller's yeast is helpful in the rapid degradation of fruit juice and can gain higher thickness alcohol

  Progress on quantitative trait loci for photosynthesis and its related physiological traits in Rice 2010, 26 (17):  115-120.  Abstract + ( 1385 )   PDF ( 611761KB )   ( 1073 ) Photosynthesis and its related physiological traits belong to the quantitative trait and were controlled by several genes. This article described the relationship between its related physiological traits and the photosynthesis in rice, and summarized the research progresses in quantitative trait loci for photosynthesis and its related physiological traits, and also discussed some issues relevant to this topic and the trend in the future.

  Determination of the Content of Total Nitrogen in Tobacco Leaveswith Chemiluminescence Method 2010, 26 (17):  121-124.  Abstract + ( 1260 )   PDF ( 912755KB )   ( 1229 ) A new method was established for determining the content of total nitrogen in tobacco leaves. After digested, stilled with alkali and absorbed by sulphuric acid, all the compounds which contain nitrogen in tobacco leaves change to NH4+. NH4+ can reduce ClO- in alkaline solution. This reaction couples with chemiluminescence reaction ClO-－Luminol, which reduce the strength of luminosity. So that the content of the NH4+is determined. The lower limit of detection reaches to 10-3 mg/kg. The choice of the line range is from 0.01 mg/kg to 1.5 mg/kg. The recovery of the method was 87.3% and 109.9%. And the RSD is less than 5%(n=5). These conditions are completely contented with the requirement of determination of the total nitrogen in tobacco leaves.

  Determination of Lead and Cdmium in Salvia by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry 2010, 26 (17):  125-128.  Abstract + ( 1229 )   PDF ( 692904KB )   ( 951 ) A method for determination of trace lead and cadmium in Salvia by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GFAAS) was described. The influences of ashing/ atomization temperature, the matrix modifier and coexistent ions on analytical signals were investigated in detail. As a result, the detection limit of this method were 1.97 ng?ml-1 and 0.550 ng?ml-1. The average recoveries of potassium and sodium in sample were 0.25%～6.8% and 0.14%～4.7%, 0.44%～3.63% respectively, and the relative standard deviations of sample are 0.25%~6.8% and 0.14%~4.7% respectively. The test result proved that this method, which determination of lead and cadmium in Salvia by GFAAS, has its advantages of simple, high accuracy, fine precision, as well as great reproducibility. Finally, the concents of lead and cadmium, which in all the sample of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge, accord with Chinese Pharmacopoeia’s standard. But there were S. cavaleriei and S. cavaleriei var. simplicifolia whose lead content exceeded the standard.

  Comparison of two methods in the inspection of bacteria 2010, 26 (17):  129-131.  Abstract + ( 1619 )   PDF ( 1190420KB )   ( 1198 ) Abstract: [OBJECTIVE] Compare two bacteriological inspection methods in detecting the bacterias in cow’s milk, and to find a better detection method. [METHOD] The microscope count and the standard plating count methods were performed on the determination of the number of bacteria in the fresh cow's milk.[RESULTS] Microorganism microscope direct count method had big randomness. It can not obtain macroscopic and comprehensive evaluation of the milk quantity, but it was high-efficient. The plating colony count methods was relatively slow and needed a period of time for the bacteria to grow on the plate.[CONCLUSION] The plating count method usually performs the gradient dilution and therefore the counting linear scope is broad. Additionally, the bacterium suspended solution can be distributed uniformly on the plate, so the density of the bacterial colony can be well reflected. The plating count method is a classical method of counting bacteria.

  Allelopathic Effects of Juglone on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Scutellaria Baicalensis 2010, 26 (17):  132-136.  Abstract + ( 1325 )   PDF ( 676786KB )   ( 1110 ) In order to research the possibility of compound planting in Walnut and Scutellaria Baicalensis, the influence of Juglone on the seed germination and seedlings growth of Baicalensis were measured, which is the primary allelochemics in Walnut. The results showed that the Juglone had inhibited effects on the seed germination, which gradually increased along the concentrations. The influence on seedlings growth of Baicalensis was affected by the Juglone concentrations and seedlings density, which showed stronger inhibition in the high concentrations or density while advanced in low concentration and high density. The advanced action was mainly about the overground biomass, whereas the inhibition was discovered in the root of high medicinal value. So in the paper, Walnut and Baicalensis were not adapted to the complex model of forest and herbal medicine.

  Influence of Different Environmental Factors on Bourgeoning Condition of Seed of Caragana korshinskill 2010, 26 (17):  137-140.  Abstract + ( 1130 )   PDF ( 723176KB )   ( 1102 ) Abstract: To soil and water conservation, Caragana (Caragana korshinskill Kom.) can improve the local ecological environment has played an important role in this paper start from seed germination to explore the mechanism of Caragana forest seedling regeneration. The highest germination rate 70.25% reached at 25℃, among the conditions of constant temperature. Light on seed germination of Caragana is not very clear, Caragana seeds in the soil moisture content of 8% ~ 14% of qualifications, can germinate when the soil moisture content of 14% of the most appropriate Caragana seed germination. Cover soil thickness on the germination rate has a great impact on the soil surface germination rate of 10% in the germination rate of 1cm soil layer can be increased to 77.8%, which shows when the artificial sow seeds of Caragana Futuhoudu to 1cm ~ 3cm is appropriate, and not too thick overburden casing is not conducive to seed germination of Caragana.

  Researches of Street Greening Based on Plant Diversity Investigation in Hengyang 2010, 26 (17):  141-144.  Abstract + ( 1116 )   PDF ( 603270KB )   ( 1088 ) [Objective] The paper aimed to analyse the problem as well as valuable experience in the design of street landscape planting and try to give some practicable methods to deal with the strategy in the road virescence of the garden city construction.[Methods]Based on the research of the plant diversity ,richness and frequency of the main street in Hengyang.[Results]The results showed that:(1)There were 60 category plants,there were 50 category woody plants,accounting for 83.3%.(2)There were 35 category greening plants and 15 category defoliant plants in woody plante.and 20 category trees and 30 shrubs in woody plants.(3) There were higher frequency in tree layer including Cinnamommum camphora、Osmanthus fragrans、Trachycarpus fortunei、Cedrus deodara、Platanus hispanica、 Populus euramericana and so on; There were higher frequency in shrub layer including Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum、Pittosporum tobira、Viburnum awabuki、Rosa chinensis、Photinia serrulataPrunus cerasifera ‘Atropurpurea’） etc.[Conclusion]There are significant meaning in city road virescence management in Hengyang city and the same cities.

  Effects of sulfur dioxide stress on growth and development of Myzus persicae(sulzer) 2010, 26 (17):  145-148.  Abstract + ( 1153 )   PDF ( 699821KB )   ( 942 ) The effects of sulfur dioxide（85.5 mg/m3、199.5mg/m3、399.0 mg/m3and 570.0 mg/m3 ）and an untreated （ck） stress on the growth and development of individuals and populations of Myzus persicae(sulzer) with individual and group feeding method.The results show that: instar of Myzus persicae(sulzer) was decreased, the mortality of Myzus persicae(sulzer) was decreased,sulfur dioxide had a promotion to the reproduction of Myzus persicae(sulzer), the effects of sulfur dioxide on the population dynamic of Myzus persicae(sulzer),it is propitious to the development of population dynamics of Myzus persicae(sulzer), and 199.5mg/m3 concentrations of sulfur dioxide treatment had a promotion to the growth of Myzus persicae(sulzer) was significantly higher than other concentrations.

  Evaluation of 14 accessions of Leaf-Vegetable Sweet Potato Germplasm in Hainan Island 2010, 26 (17):  149-154.  Abstract + ( 1336 )   PDF ( 685583KB )   ( 1045 ) 【OBJECTIVE】In order to recommend new variety of high yield also high quality leaf-vegetable sweet potato for Hainan island in China, moreover, it will be good for sweet potato breeding in tropical area. 【METHOD】Through the synthetical evaluation of the morphological characteristics, agronomic traits, taste quality and nutrimental analysis etc. In an experiment of 14 accessions of Leaf-Vegetable sweet potato which were extract selected from 340 sweet potato germplasm in Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, CATAS. 【RESULTS】the comprehensive results showed that Fushu18, Beihai1 and Lingshan2 were recommended for production test.

  Effects of Long-term Rice-Rice-Milk Vetch Rotation for 28 Years to Rice Yield and Weed Species Diversity 2010, 26 (17):  155-159.  Abstract + ( 1180 )   PDF ( 749942KB )   ( 1025 ) Abstract In order to study the potential yield of multiple cropping system about red soil rice field in Southern Hunan, continuously improve the economic benefit and soil fertility, promote agricultural sustainable development, provide scientific basis for production demonstrate and leadship decision-making. In order to study the effect of rice-rice-milk vetch rotation system, a long-term test had been arranging since 1982 in Red Soil Station of CAAS, which located in Guanshanping Qiyang Hunan. Four treatment was arranged in the test, that is rice-rice-milk vetch rotation(leguminosae), rice-rice-oilseed rape(cruciferae), rice-rice-rye grass(gramineae) and rice-rice- winter fallow. The results are as follows: 1) Compared with winter fallow treatments, rice yield was increased under rice-rice-milk vetch rotation treatment; 2) The density of weed species diversity was reduced obviously, the species was reduced on early rice, but not affected obviously on late rice; 3) rice-rice-milk vetch rotation system is a worthy of popularizing planting mode.

  Effects of nitrogen and plant density on the yield and yield components of rice cultivar Tian-You-Hua-Zhan (Oriza sativa L.) 2010, 26 (17):  160-163.  Abstract + ( 1260 )   PDF ( 658613KB )   ( 992 ) Abstract: Tian-You-Hua-Zhan is a new rice cultivar bred by several research scientific entities including Chinese National Rice Research Institute（CNRRI）with high quality rice that meet national primary standard.. The study on optimum nitrogen application amount and planting density for its high-yielding might provide a theory support for the cultivar popularization in Jinhua district. To investigate the most appropriate culture measure for Tian-You-Hua-Zhan, experimental planting were carried out combining different planting densities (225 000 strains/ hm2 and 16 5000 strains/ hm2) and different nitrogen application amount (0 kg、120kg、165kg、210kg/ hm2). The yields showed a positive relationship with the nitrogen application amount when planting in the same density, while the higher planting density led to higher yields under the fixed nitrogen application amount. The yields of plants in high nitrogen application amount district can reach to 7 464.3 kg/ hm2 and 6 534.8 kg /hm2. The optimum planting density and nitrogen application amount for Tian-You-Hua-Zhan is 225 000 strains/hm2 and 210 kg/ hm2 respectively.

  Application of CMS Lines in Soybean Conventional Breeding 2010, 26 (17):  164-167.  Abstract + ( 1402 )   PDF ( 617005KB )   ( 1127 ) Plant breeders try to improve breeding efficiency. The nuclear male sterile(NMS) lines have been used in soybean recurrent selection. So far, the cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS) lines have not be used in soybean conventional breeding procedure. In this study, 15 combinations were made by 13 CMS lines and 9 restorer lines. The alfalfa leafcutting bee was used to transfer pollens from male parents to female parents. Through selection and evaluation, 4 elite breeding lines were screened. The authors discussed the breeding efficiency, making of the combinations, selection of the progenies and relation between the F1 heterosis and the progenies’ exhibition. The results demonstrated that the CMS breeding method could be useful and efficient in soybean conventional breeding.

  The Breeding Strategies and Direction on Wheat High Yield Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River 2010, 26 (17):  168-171.  Abstract + ( 1312 )   PDF ( 561092KB )   ( 1039 ) In order to discuss the breeding strategies and direction on wheat yield in region of middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, genetic and path analysis of yield traits were studied on wheat varieties which large plant in this region. The results showed that 1000-grain weight had main effects to yield construction from middle to high yield level. Spikes per unit area were second, but it was interrelated mostly with environment. Meanwhile, grains per spike had little role on yield construction. 1000-grain weight and spike number had primary action on yield. The effect of grains per spike on yield was broken down by spike number and 1000-grain weight. The three factors of yield construction showed different results under low to high yield level. The number of spikes and 1000-grain weight increased more from low to middle yield, however, in high yield level the number of spikes change little, grains per spike and 1000-grain weight increase mostly. Thus, the breeding strategy in this region should keep the spikes number as present and increase the grains per spike and improved kernel weight in future high yield breeding.

  Effects of low temperature stress on Physiological and biochemical characteristics of cassava seedling 2010, 26 (17):  172-177.  Abstract + ( 1338 )   PDF ( 965156KB )   ( 1129 ) Abstract: The changes of some Physiological Indexes of nanzhi 199 and SC124 under low temperature stress were studied in this experiment. The results were as follow: with the lowering of stress temperature and the prolonging of stress time, the relative conductivity and the content of proline of cassava seedling were increased in different degrees, the contents of MDA and soluble proteins were firstly increased and then decreased, the chlorophyll content was constantly decreased.

  Study on Rice in Response to Heat Stress in Reproductive Stage 2010, 26 (17):  178-182.  Abstract + ( 1509 )   PDF ( 613495KB )   ( 1211 ) In the recent years, with the heat damage being serious in rice reproductive stage, more and more scientific workers pay their attention to research it. We described rice in response to heat stress through the reason of heat stress, the change of physiological and biochemical and molecular level in rice reproductive stage under heat stress and rice root systems in response to heat stress. Moreover we proposed some difficulties and future research direction in rice under heat stress in order to provide some reference to research heat tolerance in rice.

  Subcellular Localization of Jasmonic Acid by Immunogold Electron Microscopy Technique in Pea Leaves 2010, 26 (17):  183-186.  Abstract + ( 1400 )   PDF ( 2438220KB )   ( 1134 ) Abstract: Subcellular localization of jasmonic acid (JA) was performed by means of immunogold electron microscopy technique in pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaves. The result showed that a large number of JA visualized by immunogold particles distributed in the chloroplast , cell wall and cytoplasm of mesophyll cells, a few in the nuclei. In phloem, most of immunogold particles were observed in the sieve element-companion cell (SE-CC) complex, whereas little immunogold particle was found in the xylem. The present results offered a cytological basis for further study on biological function of JA in plant.

  Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Endogenous in Cucumber after Rhizoctonia solani Inoculation 2010, 26 (17):  187-190.  Abstract + ( 1111 )   PDF ( 646311KB )   ( 1108 ) 【Objective】The purpose was to study the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant growth and endogenous in cucumber Rhizoctonia solani .【Method】 In pot culture, the plant with no inoculation as control, cucumber infected by GV was inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani and dynamic variation of IAA、GA3、Zeatin、ABA in cucumber roots in different treatments were decided by the method of ELIA.【Results】(1) The effect of GV and Rhizoctonia solani on endogenous in cucumber root was different. AMF inoculation improved the content of IAA、GA3、Zeatin、ABA. these endogenous hormones, whereas Rhizoctonia solani inoculation improved the content of IAA、ABA and decreased GA3、Zeatin at the same time. (2)Higher content of IAA、GA3、Zeatin in root inoculated with GV and lower ABA was detected compared to the control infected by Rhizoctonia solani.【Conclusion】GV improved plant growth and the improved disease tolerance was related to the content of IAA、GA3、Zeatin induced by GV. IAA has certain role in plant defense against pathogen infection process

  Regulation of Jasmonic Acid on the Formation and Development of Plant Root Nodules 2010, 26 (17):  191-193.  Abstract + ( 1195 )   PDF ( 537274KB )   ( 1089 ) To learn more about the function of jasmonic acid in plant growth and development, the regulation of exogenous and endogenous jasmonic acid signaling on the early stage of formation, growth, senescence and autoregulation of root nodule were mainly summarized. The concentration-dependent manner and interaction with ethylene during regulation were also introduced. The analysis suggested that jasmonic acid plays an important role in the formation and development of plant root nodules.

  Inducing β-1, 3-Glucanase Activities of Rape by Four Chemical Inducers 2010, 26 (17):  194-196.  Abstract + ( 1167 )   PDF ( 633626KB )   ( 962 ) In the greenhouse, rape leaves were sprayed with four chemical inducers (0.01% mercuric chloride, 10 mg/mL salicylic acid, 1 mmol/L riboflavin, 0.1 mmol/L BTH, respectively) from 2008 to 2009. The leaves treated with water as control. Then, all the leaves were collected and used to extract the β-1, 3-glucanase and to measure the activities. When treated with mercuric chloride, salicylic acid, riboflavin, the β-1, 3-glucanase activity raised in the begin days and declined. However, the β-1, 3-glucanase activity raised to the peak on the six day when treated with BTH. The results showed that the levels of β-1, 3-glucanase activity were all induced when treated with four chemical inducers. Moreover, the BTH has the best effect on induction of the β-1, 3-glucanase.

  Effect of Calcium on Germination and Seedling Growth of Maize under Salt Stress 2010, 26 (17):  197-200.  Abstract + ( 1411 )   PDF ( 634190KB )   ( 1317 ) Maize seeds and seedlings were treated with NaC1 and different concentrations of Ca(NO3)2+ NaC1, Then the physiological characters and morphological traits of seedling were analyzed to study the effects of calcium on the germination and seedling growth of maize. The results showed that NaC1 stress inhibited the germination and growth of maize, The soluble protein content and chlorophyll content of maize seedlings were decreased by 39.43% and 21.97%, MDA content was increased by 62.05%. The soluble protein content and chlorophyll content of maize seedlings were increased, and MDA content was decreased when adding different concentrations of Ca(NO3)2, so salt injury was significantly alleviated. When the concentration of Ca(NO3)2 was 20mmol / L, the mitigation to achieve the best.

  Effect of Magnesium Levels on Plant Growth, Nutrient Uptake, Grain Yield of Soybean in Different Soil Types 2010, 26 (17):  201-205.  Abstract + ( 1293 )   PDF ( 579093KB )   ( 1039 ) A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse to investigate the effect of soil application of magnesium (Mg) levels on three different soil types in plant growth, nutrient uptake, grain yield of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) . The experimental results showed that the plant growth, accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at grain, stem and roots, and grain yield of soybean on three different soil types were significant influenced by application of 60 mg/kg soil Mg fertilizer. Compared to the control, the grain yield of soybean in the cinnamon soil, chestnut-cinnamon soil and fluvo-aquic soil were increased by 15.53%、11.48%and 15.52%, respectively, as Mg supply at 60 mg/kg soil. When Mg fertilizer application rate increased to 180 mg/kg soil was, the grain yield of soybean in fluvo-aquic soil was increased by 19.83% compared with the control, whereas there was no significant increase in grain yield of soybean on the other two kinds of soils. Compared their responses to Mg application within three different soils, the performance of fluvo-aquic soil was better than the other two soils. This study indicates that a reasonable application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers with appropriate Mg fertilizer supply in the soil containing relatively higher exchangeable Mg content, there is still great potential for increasing crop production.

  Effects of Eupolyphaga Frass on Yield and Quality of Wuta-tsai and Romaine Lettuce 2010, 26 (17):  206-209.  Abstract + ( 1343 )   PDF ( 565726KB )   ( 916 ) An experiment was conducted in field to study the effects of frass of Eupolyphaga on the yield and quality of Wuta-tsai and Romaine Lettuce compared to treatments of no fertilizer and N P K fertilizer. The results showed that the growth and the yield of application of Eupolyphaga frass were singnificantly higher compared to that of no fertilizer. Yield of applied frass of Eupolyphaga increased by 42.6% and 15.4%. The quality of Wuta-tsai and Romaine Lettuce were improved by the application of frass of Eupolyphaga. Nitrate and nitrite content of Wuta-tsai and Romaine Lettuce were reduced by applying frass of Eupolyphaga while the levels of vitamin C content were increased.

  Review the concept of Fertilizer Nitrogen Recovery Rate and Determination by 15N Tracer 2010, 26 (17):  210-213.  Abstract + ( 1603 )   PDF ( 517626KB )   ( 1485 ) Most of the reported descripted thant China,s fertilizer nitrogen recovery rate was low.For this purpoes,sum up the concept and measurement methods with 15N tracer of fertilizer nitrogen recovery rate .Discussed it was necessary for the stability environmental conditions and soil nitrogen storage capacity,but also elaborated on the meaning of the concept of soil nitrogen availability.

  celeriac; fertilizer application; yield; nitrate content 2010, 26 (17):  214-217.  Abstract + ( 1175 )   PDF ( 571595KB )   ( 885 ) Abstract: The celeriac is a rare vegetable varieties introducing to China. Field experiment was carried to study on the effects of the application of manure and added with inorganic fertilizers on celeriac yield and accumulation of nitrate. The results showed that there was the highest yield, significantly higher than other treatments, treated with organic and added with inorganic fertilizer with suitable proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium N1 (261kgN?hm-2); the nitrate content in the edible part of the underground is no significant difference, compared with the control，and there was higher nitrogen use efficiency. N2, N3 deal with a high nitrogen fertilizer production the yield was significantly lower under high amount nitrogen application than that of the treatment of N1, in particular there being no significant difference between the treatment of N3 and the control. However nitrate content in it increased with the increase of application of amount nitrogen increases. It is suggested that under conditions of high fertility of the soil in vegetable fields, the application of the appropriate proportion of organic and inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers will help improve the yield of celery edible parts and good quality.

  Planning of Aquatic Plant Garden for Yuehai Park 2010, 26 (17):  218-222.  Abstract + ( 1216 )   PDF ( 3206038KB )   ( 901 ) The planning and construction of aquatic plant garden for Yuehai garden which is a national wetland garden in Yinchuan will improve the layout, function and ecosystem of Yuehai garden that will promote its ecology and economy developing. At the same time, the planning and construction will have a profound effect on developing local aquatic plant resources, protecting biodiversity, and enhancing the awareness of Yuehai garden.

  The Effects of Growth Regulator on Cold -Resistance of Tomato in Flowering Period 2010, 26 (17):  223-228.  Abstract + ( 1042 )   PDF ( 776999KB )   ( 911 ) Abstract: The tomatoes were selected as the experimental material, effect of treat with different concentrations of exogenous growth regulators on physiological reaction during the -5℃flowering period. It was showed that the cold resistance was increased through the abscisic acid, salicylic acid, paclobutrazol, jasmonic acid, and the cold resistance was increased in higher concentrations. With growth of induced concentrations, proline and soluble soluble sugar were higher than in the control, but soluble protein was decreased. In addition, there are different effects of exogenous growth regulators on varieties but enhance cold-resistance were appearance. Key words: tomato, ABA, salicylic acid, cold resistance

  Effect of different molecular chitosan on the growth and development of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill 2010, 26 (17):  229-233.  Abstract + ( 1303 )   PDF ( 1307569KB )   ( 1030 ) Abstract: Effect of different MW CTS on the seed germination, growth, yield and quality of tomato cultivar “Hezuo 908 ” were studied. The result showed: ①The germination percentage, germination index and vitality index were up to the maximum when the seed was treated with CTS7 and CTS3 at the concentration of 0.625 mg/ml and 1.25 mg/ml respectively. And the effect of middle molecular was better than the other chitosans on the seed germination. ②The fresh weight and length of roots were no significant difference when the seed was treated with chitoan, but the fresh weight and length of seeding were significant difference. The stimulate effect was the best when the seeding were sprayed with CTS7 and CTS3 at the concentration of 1.25 mg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml, respectively. ③Chitosan could make the soluble solid content, protein content and vitamin C content increase, and total acidity decrease. Key words: Chitosan; Lycopersicon esculentum Mill; Seed germination; Growth; Yield and quality

  The Biology Observation of the Sweet Cherry in ZunYi 2010, 26 (17):  234-237.  Abstract + ( 989 )   PDF ( 2246949KB )   ( 838 ) [Method]observation the growth and development condition of the HongDeng 、DaZi 、ZhiHuHong for continuing four years；[Objective]to research the representation of the sweet cherry in the subtropical humid monsoon climate；[Results]The results showed that：the sprouting rate were high，the Branching abilitywere low， the new branches growths quickly after the leaf expansion and harvest the fruit，the bud morphological differentiation begins at 5 mid-late by the end of August，the fruit growths rapidly before and after the hard-core period. The fruits of the three varieties were gloss , middle taste in sweet and sour degree and with high edible percentage、storability,The output and quality of the three varieties were affected by local temperature and rainfall；[Conclution]the harvest date of the sweet cherry was early and the quality 、output was lower than in the traditional production areas.

  Research on Greenbelt Landscape Spatial Pattern of South Park of Chengdu Hi-tech Zone Based on QuickBird Images 2010, 26 (17):  238-241.  Abstract + ( 1258 )   PDF ( 634969KB )   ( 919 ) Abstract：In order to accurately understand urban greenbelt space distribution of Chengdu hi-tech Zone(CDHT),Based on Quick bird image data and other geo-information collected by means of GIS, RS as well as field investigation, the present research makes a chart of the status quo of the greenbelt of South Park of CDHT. Analysis on the greenbelt landscape pattern is made based on the chart from the perspective of landscape ecology. Upon the analysis, the research makes proposals for the landscape planning. The research points out problems with the landscape pattern from the perspective of landscape science and put forward suggestions for landscape planning of CDHT from the perspective of green patches and green corridor.

  Studies on Determination Methods of Pollen Viability of Narcissus spp． 2010, 26 (17):  242-245.  Abstract + ( 1314 )   PDF ( 626801KB )   ( 976 ) In order to find the appropriate determination methods of pollen viability of daffodil, three varieties of Narcissus spp．(‘Albany ’,‘Mount Hood’and‘Geranium’) of fresh pollen was treated with TTC staining, carmine acetate staining, in vitro germination to determine their viability. The results showed that: TTC staining is not suitable for Narcissus spp,, carmine acetate staining and in vitro germination could measure pollen viability of Narcissus spp．, between two methods carmine acetate staining can determinate the pollen viability of Narcissus spp. quickly, and germination in vitro is suit for accurate determination of pollen viability of Narcissus spp. .Compared between nine combinations of medium, the best medium combination is: 0.1g/ml sucrose +0.1×10-3g/ml boric acid.

  Application Research of Chitosan Pesticide Composite Films 2010, 26 (17):  246-250.  Abstract + ( 1315 )   PDF ( 1909785KB )   ( 1026 ) Chitosan has many excellent properties such as film-forming, non-toxic, antibacterial, choosing chitosan as the main film-forming material, supplemented nano-TiO2 modified by Sodium Laurate, prepared a new type of safe, non-toxic film called CTS-TiO2 composite film, then mixed with Pesticide (P) prepared a composite film called CTS-TiO2-P, the crops were sprayed by the prepared solution P(contrast), CTS-P and CTS-TiO2-P separately, the dynamic test results of CTS-TiO2-P, CTS-P, P on plant were detected and compared by GC-FPD. The results showed that when the ratio of P, chitosan and TiO2 was 0.04%,2 %,0.03% separately, the long-term effects of pesticide compound membrane were significantly longer than that of the pure pesticide, composite membrane pesticide formulations added nano-TiO2 were superior to CTS-P composite membrane, the efficacy of composite membrane pesticide formulations extended from 45 d to 90 d and above. Meanwhile, at the condition of reaching the same effect of killing inserts, pesticide usage can be saved 1/2, it has better effect to reduce the waste of pesticide resources, production costs and to prevent and control environmental pollution.

  Effect of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense on the defensive enzymes of different banana varieties 2010, 26 (17):  251-255.  Abstract + ( 1251 )   PDF ( 822386KB )   ( 1282 ) Abstract: The effect of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense on the defensive enzymes of different banana variety was researched in this paper. The results showed that the varieties of SOD activity showed the negative correlation of resistance of banana to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense. There was no interrelationship between the resistance of banana and the variety trend of PO and endo-chitinase activity. The variety trend of PAL, β-1,3-glucanse and exo-chitinase displayed the resistance of banana to the pathogen, and they could be use as important biochemical parameters of banana to resist the Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense.

  Spatial pattern of Monochamus alternatus Hope adult in Jiujiang 2010, 26 (17):  256-259.  Abstract + ( 1173 )   PDF ( 702536KB )   ( 937 ) Abstract: Spatial pattern of Monochamus alternatus Hope adult was investigated by mothods of clump intensity index, regression patterning and zero frequency estimation in Jiujiang. The results measured by clump intensity indexes (I, K, CA＞0; C, Iδ, M＊/ ＞1; M＊＞ ; L/＞ +1 and 0＜λ＜2 ) suggested the spatial pattern of M. alternatus Hope adult belonged to assemble distribution in pine forest and it was caused by environment factor.

  Outbreak Regularity and Sustainable Management of Cucumber Pest in Greenhouse in Shaanxi Province 2010, 26 (17):  260-263.  Abstract + ( 1366 )   PDF ( 649439KB )   ( 908 ) Based on the systematical investigation and observation, the population dynamics, damage characters and effects of different control measures of cucumber pests was studied in greenhouse in Shaanxi province, and the sustainable control measures of greenhouse pests were put forward to provide a technical support for production of green-food cucumber. The result showed that there were 26 species of cucumber pest in greenhouse, the main pests were Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, Bemisia tabaci (Gennius) and Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks). There were 14 to 15 generations of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard in greenhouse, the peak period was from March to May, which generally led to 5% ~ 10% loss in cucumber yield, severe cases, over 20%. There were 10 to 12 generations of Bemisia tabaci (Gennius) in greenhouse, the peak period was from March to June, which generally led to 15% ~ 50% loss in cucumber yield, even failed in when being serious. There were 10 to 13 generations of Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) in greenhouse, the peak period was from April to June, which generally led to 10%~15% loss in cucumber yield, severe cases, over 30%.Liriomyza sativae Blanchard and Bemisia tabaci (Gennius) could not overwinter in natural environment of Northern Shaanxi and Guanzhong Region. Preventing net, sterilizing greenhouse before cucumber were planted and yellow sticky traps had a good effect on controlling these three kinds of pest.

  Single cropping of rice, "Yongyou No. 9," Occurrence and control of diseases and insect pests Technology 2010, 26 (17):  264-268.  Abstract + ( 1242 )   PDF ( 765521KB )   ( 776 ) Compared with the local single cropping of rice varieties Liangyoupeijiu , Yongyou No.9 has the following characteristics of Diseases and Pests :①Transplanting later avoided the damage caused by the first generation of stem borer, so the first and Second generation of stem borer damage lighter, but because Yongyou No.9 have a longer growth period, the third-generation borer damage is relatively heavy in the heading stage.②The fourth generation of rice leaf roller occurred lighter than Liangyoupeijiu，and the fifth generation take place more than a serious Liangyoupeijiu③The fourth and fifth generation white-backed planthopper and fifth generation of brown planthopper Occurred less , while stem thick,the occurrence of brown planthopper is more serious than Liangyoupeijiu, due to late maturity, also increased the seventh generation of the occurrence damage.④Susceptible to false smut. Against the diseases and insect pests occurring characteristics of Yongyou No.9 , prevention and treatment strategies adjusted as follows:①Relax Yongyou No.9 vegetative growth phase of the prevention and treatment targets, reduce diseases and insect pests prevention and control frequency, protection and utilization of natural enemies in the ecological regulation capability.②According to Break period of weather conditions, make heading stage disease prevention such as false smut.③Do a good prevention and treatment of Borer and Nilaparvata lugens in heading stage, to ensure a good harvest.

  Analysis on comparison of sensitivities of three detecting techniques of Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus 2010, 26 (17):  269-272.  Abstract + ( 1698 )   PDF ( 863035KB )   ( 1019 ) Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in virus-infected cucumber leaves was detected by DAS-ELISA、RT-PCR and NASH techniques and the sensitivities of detection were compared after the total RNA extracted from 1g virus-infected leaves were diluted gradient 。The results showed that the detection of RT-PCR was the most sensitive; NASH was more sensitive than DAS-ELISA. NASH technique can be replaced of RT-PCR used in metrical quarantine departments by comparison of sensitivities of three detect techniques

  Citrus Huanglongbing Nested-PCR Detection of wampee and Murraya paniculata in Guangxi 2010, 26 (17):  273-276.  Abstract + ( 1228 )   PDF ( 1167254KB )   ( 1006 ) Abstract: Citrus Huanglongbing(HLB) was detected in wampee and Murraya paniculata Using nested-PCR technique in Guangxi, and the results showed that: HLB could be detected in wampee and Murraya paniculata, indicating the wampee and Murraya paniculata can be infected with HLB; The incidence of HLB disease of wampee and Murraya paniculata were 35.0% and 40.0% respectively.

  Inducement of Methyl Jasmonate on Resistance of Tobacco to Cotton Bollworms 2010, 26 (17):  277-280.  Abstract + ( 1347 )   PDF ( 826190KB )   ( 1400 ) To further clarify the mechanism of plant resistance to insects induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), the inducement of exogenous MeJA on activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), lipoxygenase (LOX), and expression of genes encoding hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) and proteinase inhibitor (PI-I and PI-II) in tobacco leaves were studied. And the damaged area of leaves and weight of cotton bollworms were bioassayed. The results showed that after exogenous application of MeJA at a concentration of 100 μmol/L, the activities of PPO, POD and LOX increased significantly. Also, expression of HPL, PI-I and PI-II enhanced evidently. The damaged area of tobacco leaves treated with MeJA decreased apparently compared with that of control. The larvae after 72 h feeding on control plants were larger than that on plants treated with MeJA. Together, our findings indicated that MeJA plays critical roles in induced resistance to cotton bollworms in tobacco.

  Studies on the main Species and Occurrence Regularity of pear Pests in the Registered pear orchard in Hebei Province 2010, 26 (17):  281-284.  Abstract + ( 1183 )   PDF ( 732454KB )   ( 888 ) Abstract: By means of black light lamp, sex attractants and field investigation, 25 species of pear insect pests that belong to 4 orders and 15 families in two registered export pear orchards in Hebei Province were invstigated. Occurrence regularity of 5 species major pear pests adults were studied and analyzed. The results showed that C. niponensis Walsingham had two obvious population peaks in one growing season, and occurred two generations in one year. G.molesta (Busck) had four population peaks. The population peak of A.corpulenta Motschulsky and H. parallela Motschulsky occurred from late in June to late in July and from early in July to the mid- August separately. The population peak of H. picus Fabricius occurred from late in June to the mid-August. Key words: registered export pear orchard；Pests species；Occurrence Regularity

  Acaricidal activity of eleven Propyl-phenol against Tetranychus cinnabarinus 2010, 26 (17):  285-288.  Abstract + ( 1201 )   PDF ( 614499KB )   ( 970 ) The direct contact activities of eleven Propyl-phenol against the adults and eggs of Tetranychus cinnabarinus and oviposition inhibition against female adult mites were examined under the laboratory condition by slide-dip and leaf-dip method, respectively. The results showed that thyme, carvacrol, eugenol and 3-methyl-4-isopropyl phenol had strong contact effect against Tetranychus cinnabarinus that their correct mortality rates were above 90% after 24 h. Thyme had obvious effect on the egg hatch of T. cinnabarinus, the rate of egg hatch were only 16.22%，which is significantly lower than those of the control and other treatments.Thyme, carvacrol and eugenol had significant oviposition inhibition activity against T. cinnabarinus female adults, the rates of oviposition inhibition were above 80%.

  GC-MS analysis on excrement from Tessaratoma papillosa (Drury) (Hemiptera:Pentatomidae) 2010, 26 (17):  289-291.  Abstract + ( 1338 )   PDF ( 601831KB )   ( 984 ) Abstract: The results using gas chromatography-mass showed that n-hexane extractions from excrement of adult Tessaratoma papillosa (Drury) were that three volatiles, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, acetate, dodecane and tridecane, were found in excrement from females, while tridecane was only in excrement from males.

  Fujian Inshore wetland ecology meteorology monitor method and Index system research 2010, 26 (17):  292-297.  Abstract + ( 1242 )   PDF ( 1136295KB )   ( 990 ) The meteorological data from basic weather station during 1971 to 2009 year in Fujian inshore wetland area, adopt the parallel observation method to carry on the microclimate observation. Getting by climate analysis, sum up the Fujian inshore wetland ecology meteorology monitor method and index system. Revealed that meteorological factors ( for example sunlight, temperature, precipitation, wind, and so on) can influence the wetland ecology equilibrium. For the scientific management and makes use of favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable conditions provides gist. The result indicated that, Fujian inshore wetland ecology meteorology monitor method simple reliable, index system complete science; Application wetness index ( K ) estimate the ecology quality. Serve for the ecology construction macro-scientific policy-making. Based on the meteorological index and the plant biomass index analysis the procreate influence temperature to mangrove forest and Spartina alterniflora of Minjiang River Estuary. Provide that support for the promotion mangrove forest development, the control Spartina alterniflora overspread. The findings provided important references for ecology protection, reasonable development, rational exploitation and utilization in the Fujian inshore wetland.

  Evaluation of Agricultural Comprehensive Competitiveness in Northeast of China by Factor Analysis 2010, 26 (17):  298-303.  Abstract + ( 1020 )   PDF ( 839371KB )   ( 968 ) By constructing evaluation index system of agricultural comprehensive competitiveness, the paper compared and evaluated agricultural comprehensive competitiveness of 36 Prefecture Cities in Northeast of China using factor analysis method. Research shows that the agricultural comprehensive competitiveness in different areas of Northeast of China is imbalance, and the strongest one is central regions in three northeast provinces, next comes some east areas, and some areas around central region is relatively weak. Therefore, it is critical to adjust agricultural structure and make backward areas stronger for narrowing regional agriculture development disparity.

  Limiting Factors and countermeasures of Using Sewage Sludge on Agriculture: a Review 2010, 26 (17):  304-309.  Abstract + ( 1003 )   PDF ( 662251KB )   ( 1208 ) Factors, limiting the agricultural use of sewage sludge (SS), were analyzed by introducing the properties of SS, combined with the market information of fertilizers. The factors including environmental risks of contaminants in SS, low nutrient content, high cost during transport and fertilization and the immature market status. The following countermeasures are suggested: using composting technique to stabilize SS; deep-processing; using SS as an agent that control soil nitrogen loss, and developing new market for SS.

  Progres of Assessment Methods of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil 2010, 26 (17):  310-315.  Abstract + ( 2515 )   PDF ( 719372KB )   ( 3008 ) Abstrac:【OBJECTIVE】It is one of the most widely area and damaging environmental problems about soil heavy metal pollution in current. So, it is wide spread concern, and received general attention. A number of assessment methods of heavy metal pollution in soil have proposed at home and abroad, and which had analyzed and made a conclusion by author. Which would lay a foundation for assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil.【METHOD】The single factor index, nemerow index method, comprehensive evaluation mode of geometric mean, pollution load index, index of geo-accumulation, the potential ecological risk index, sediment enrichment factor, potential ecological eisk index, fuzzy mathematical method, grey clustering method, geostatistics method on GIS, method for health risk assessment, method of environment risk index, and so on typical soil heavy metal pollution assessment methods and models in domestic and foreign were summarized. The advantages, disadvantage and application range of those methods were analyzed.【CONCLUSION】It is indicated by the comparison analysis that a variety of evaluation methods have certain limitations and inadequacies. It was necessary for select on better evaluation methods to carry out full analysis of the sample points, comparison of trial and error with the purpose of evaluation and focus on in pollution assessment of soil heavy metals. Finally, combining a variety of methods according to the actual situation were put forward. At the same time，it should start from the ecological effects of heavy metal pollution, development of biological evaluation method.

  Molecular Recognition of chlorpyrifos by β-cyclodextrin 2010, 26 (17):  316-321.  Abstract + ( 1102 )   PDF ( 991262KB )   ( 935 ) In order to explore the possibility of β-Cyclodextrins(β-CDs) in high-efficient pesticides utilization, environmental protection and other areas, the β-CD /chlorpyrifos inclusion complexe was prepared by grinding, ultrasonic and the saturated aqueous solution method.The solid inclusion complexes and inclusion behavior in the β-CD solution with chlorpyrifos were qualitatively confirmed using UV spectrum, differential thermal analysis and infrared spectroscopy. The results show that saturated aqueous solution method was the best, and the inclusion rate was 45.8%; the best reactionconditions were:the ratio of chlorpyrifos to β-CD was 1:1 (mole ratio), thermostatic mixing time was 3h, inclusion temperature was 60 ℃. Validation results show that the inclusion complex was formed in the reaction and the inclusion ratio was 1:1, and stability constant K = 33.33 L/mol, the Gibbs function △G=-8.69 KJ/mol.This study proved that the stable β-CD/chlorpyrifos inclusion complexe was formed,some functional groups of chlorpyrifos molecular came into the β-CD cavity.

  Research on the Tourism Image Design for Langya Mountain Forest Park 2010, 26 (17):  322-325.  Abstract + ( 1044 )   PDF ( 1692654KB )   ( 1080 ) The tour image design is the development direction and important contents that our country travels to program currently. The article take Langya Mountain forest park in Hebei as a example, the adoption be applicable to various travel ground of the images design the technique system carry on analyzing completely. At the top of this foundation carried on to the tour image of the Lang ya mountain forest park the case design in many ways.

  Study on the Feasibility of Semi-dryland Farming in the Irrigation Area of Taihang Piedmont 2010, 26 (17):  326-330.  Abstract + ( 1231 )   PDF ( 615148KB )   ( 984 ) Taihang Piedmont is the major grain producing areas of Hebei province, where the agricultural water is very short and mainly by excessive extraction of groundwater to maintain agricultural production. How to keep a certain basis of food production and reduce a large number of irrigation water is the main problems of water saving agriculture development in the future. Shan Lun indicated that semi-dryland farming could be developed in the Huanghuaihai Region to solve this questions. Semi-dryland farming is a new type of water saving agriculture, which is based on the dry land farming techniques, making full use of the precipitation and offering some supplemental irrigation. It is composed of rainfed, dry farming and supplemental irrigation. The main point is combining the dry land farming techniques and the water saving techniques and making full use of the precipitation. We discuss the feasibility of implementing semi-dryland faming in the Taihang Piedmont on the three aspects. And we find that in the winter wheat and summer maize growing areas of Taihang Piedmont, where the rainfall is about 400mm, some supplementary irrigation could basically meet the crop water requirement and keep the normal grain yields and a much higher WUE, which is based on the properties of crop drought resistance and decreasing the invalid evaporation. It is feasible to reduce the agriculture irrigation water in the piedmont region of Taihang Mountain in theory and in practice, which is based on the full utilization of rainfall and supplement irrigation.

  Analysis on Improvement Effect of Some Maize Improved lines Containing CIMMYT Germplasm 2010, 26 (17):  331-336.  Abstract + ( 1415 )   PDF ( 648071KB )   ( 919 ) Abstract：The lines Ji846 and K10 were crossed with subtropic germplasm from CIMMYT to construct semi-exotic population and select improved lines. Some combinations resulted from improved lines and the other to measure and analyze the improvement effect in yield and agronomy traits. The main results suggested that the yield of some combinations from K10 and improved Ji846 were higher than CK variety. The plant height and ear height were lower than CK variety. Tassel ramification numbers, leaf area of whole strain、shelling percentage, 100-kernal weight had apparent improved effects in partial combinations. The yield of combinations from improved K10 and Ji846 were lower than CK variety. Partial agronomic traits had some improvement effect, such as 100-kernel weight, shelling percentage, kernel number per row, ear length.

  Study on the enrichment ability of heavy metal Pb, As for Ramie in different planting density 2010, 26 (17):  337-341.  Abstract + ( 1166 )   PDF ( 656599KB )   ( 850 ) Two planting methods of 2 ramie varieties were designed to study the growth and heavy metal concentration of ramie in farmland with Pb, As pollution,in order to investigated the effect of different density on yield and heavy metal concentration.The results showed,different density had significant impact on yield.Yield of " xiang 3" and "zhong 1" which planted on the base of normal density was 10.49 kg/667m2 and 8.80 kg/667m2 respectively.In the case of high density, yield of " xiang 3" and "zhong 1" increased 2~3 times. Pb and As concentration of aboveground using normal density were higher than that of using high density.The highest translocation of Pb and As appeared in " xiang 3" using high density,were 4.97mg/m2 and 0.194mg/m2 respectively.Different density could affect the heavy metal concentration of ramie.In the case of high density, heavy metal concentration of plant decreased, however, translocation will be improved.

  Genotypic Differences of Cadmium Accumulation in Triticum aestivum and Screening of Low- accumulation Material 2010, 26 (17):  342-346.  Abstract + ( 1215 )   PDF ( 638010KB )   ( 1054 ) To limit cadmium(Cd) accumulation in the wheat grain, the experiment was conducted to study Cd accumulation in grain among 102 different wheat cultivars or materials. The results showed that Cd concentrations of 73.53% wheat grain varied from 4 mg/kg to 7 mg/kg in soil with 20 mg/kg Cd, the Cd concentration of 17.65% of the wheat varieties grain was above 7 mg/kg, and 8.82% was below 4 mg/kg. And then 9 low-cadmium-accumulation(LCA) wheat material and 16 high-cadmium-accumium-accumulation ones were choosen to further study Cd concentration in wheat grain under 0.4 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg Cd soil. The results Cd accumulation in different wheat grains demonstrated remarkable inter-species difference in heavy Cd contaminated soils. Concentrations of Cd in soil were closely positive related to Cd concentrations in grain, and were negatively related to phyto-accumulation facor (PAF) of Cd in grain. At the same time, the three LCA wheat materials were chosen. Therefore, the results in this study were significant in selecting or breeding wheat varieties with low Cd accumulation, understand the regulation of Cd accumulation in grain and so on.

  Studies on Selection of Resistance of Different Varieties to Ralstonia solanacearum And Dynamic of Bacterium in Soil in Yibin 2010, 26 (17):  347-351.  Abstract + ( 1103 )   PDF ( 682938KB )   ( 861 ) Abstract: Studies on different tobacco variety’s dynamic of bacterial wilt in field, The results show that OX-2028 is high-anti-tobacco bacterial wilt variety, Yunyan85、Yunyan203、Yunyan97 and Yunyan87 are anti-tobacco bacterial wilt a certain extent, OX-2001、Honghuadajinyuan and NCRT-69 are susceptible, it can be indication of forecast tobacco bacterial wilt; The research also describes the changed graph of bacteria in soil, and analyses the effect of temperature and humidity, according as forecast and prevention on tobacco bacterial wilt.

  Study on Benefit Evaluation on Rural Collective Construction Land Reclamation in the Context of Urban and Rural Co-ordinate—as an Example of Chongqing Rongchang County 2010, 26 (17):  352-356.  Abstract + ( 1251 )   PDF ( 615918KB )   ( 1157 ) The purpose of this study is to analyze the connotation of benefit evaluation of rural collective construction land reclamation,and to set up indictors to evaluate the benefit of the projects;Multi-factors Evaluation Method is adopted to establish the index system and derived index score of benefit evaluation on rural collective construction land reclamation.Analytical hierarchy process is performed to determine index weigh;The results show that:(1)the benefit evaluation for rural collective construction land reclamation project can be analyzed from economic,social,ecological and landscape aspect;(2)the cases of one street and two towns in Chongqing Rongchang County show the rural collective construction land reclamation project has obtained sound economic effect,whereas the social, ecological and landscape effect are not so obvious relatively; It is concluded that we should establish standard indictor evaluation system and a long term mechanism of evaluation on rural collective construction land reclamation project.

  Size Distributions of Water Soluble Ions of Atmosphere in the Mt. Dinghu 2010, 26 (17):  357-361.  Abstract + ( 1065 )   PDF ( 1122196KB )   ( 894 ) In order to study on the characteristics of chemical compositions and the sources of the atmospheric particles in Pearl River Delta Region (PRD), particle samples were collected with cascade impactor (8 classes) from the atmosphere in the Mt. Dinghu, the atmospheric baseline monitoring station of PRD region, during the autumn ( from Oct. to Dec.) of 2008, in Guangdong Province. Water soluble ionic concentrations were analyzed in the different size particles. The results were indicated as following: ①The highest concentration of SO42- and NH4+ appeared mainly when the fine particles with the size under 1.1μm. And highest concentrations of Na+ and Cl- were within the particles size of 1.1-2.1μm; ②The concentration of NO3- and K+ that were two modes with the higher concentration at 1.1-2.1μm, 3.3-4.7μm and 0.65-1.1μm, 5.8-9μm, respectively; ③The concentration of Ca2+ and Mg2+ presented mainly within coarse particles with the peak at more than 9μm.

  The Variety Feature of The first and the lastest frost、Zero Frost Days in TangShan for the Past 50 Years0 2010, 26 (17):  362-366.  Abstract + ( 1272 )   PDF ( 1647483KB )   ( 1016 ) Based on the 11 stations data ,We labored the spatial feature an trend of frost for the past 50 years,The results indicate:The section feature of frost is obvios,The days without frost are 30 between the North and Sorth。The first frost is related obviously and the lastest frog is ahead.The days without frost are increasing because of the delay of the first frost.The age features of them are obvious.The first frost、the lastest frost and zero frost days occur a obvious turn for the past 50 years.

  Study on Treatment of Piggery Wastewater with High Concentration Ammonia – Nitrogen by Aerobic Granular Sludge 2010, 26 (17):  367-369.  Abstract + ( 1005 )   PDF ( 977133KB )   ( 899 ) The paper gives some methods such as training aerobic granular sludge by anaerobic-aerobic interactive process, dealing with high concentration of ammonia nitrogen waste by mature aerobic granular sludge. The results show that aerobic aranular aludge have good biological activity the best condition is when Ammonia – Nitrogen concentration is more than 800mg/L、pH is around 8、DO concentration is around 2.0mg/L. Ammonia nitrogen and COD removal rate is above 80%.

  The research progress of the effect of urbanization on river system 2010, 26 (17):  370-373.  Abstract + ( 1129 )   PDF ( 553276KB )   ( 1178 ) Urbanization progress changed the structures, progress and function of river system and even destroyed river system to degrade. This paper reviews the different affect and results on river system during the urbanization progress to give theory help of restoration and management of river system.. From these papers the review suggest that urbanization affect the river based three aspects: the first is river area; the second is the riverbed structure and the third is the spatial structure on the landscape level. To the river progress, the urbanization changed the hydrological and material recycle progress. The difficult of river restoration is the complexity of river system. The multiple targets based different region and ecological function are the management and restoration dirction.

  Study on monitoring of low-temperature in winter based on GIS technology in Fujian 2010, 26 (17):  374-377.  Abstract + ( 1277 )   PDF ( 838477KB )   ( 893 ) Abstract: In order to reduce the influence which the winter low temperature for the agriculture, the study based on the 1:250000 Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data and statistical data of the lowest temperature of 15 automatic weather stations in Fujian Province, the geographic mathematical model was established depending on the connections of factors such as the lowest temperature, latitude, longitude, altitude, and was used to simulate the fine distribution of lowest temperature in 4 months in winter from 2009 to 2010. The results showed that the lowest temperature was well simulated introduced the geographic factors and the data of the automatic weather stations. Moreover, the monitor requirements was meted. With the increase of the longitude or the decrease of the latitude, altitude, the value of the month minimum temperature simulation was increased. Finally, the simulated results of low temperature matched with actual situation substantially by means of model validation.

  Growing Division of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Sowed on Tang-Shan is analytical by Means of TOPSIS 2010, 26 (17):  378-381.  Abstract + ( 1254 )   PDF ( 711049KB )   ( 927 ) Compared the climate conditions for and The climate resources for 11 counties in Tang-Shan City, the weather condition in Tang-Shan were studied. Alfalfa were suitable planted in Tang-Shan.Based on the result,according to analysis of growth status of alfalfa and expert knowledge, The weather resources advantage of Alfalfa sowed in Tang-Shan is analytical by Means of DTOPSIS. The result showed that the Tang-Shan City were suitable plant alfalfa. The climate resources of growing division of alfalfa sowed in the south coastland were best,such as Tang-Hai and Le-Ting.

  Impacts of Petroleum pollutants On Rape Bio-mass ,Microbial Population And the petroleum pollutants Residue in soil 2010, 26 (17):  382-385.  Abstract + ( 1236 )   PDF ( 638395KB )   ( 1023 ) By pot experiment,we studied the impacts of petroleum pollutants on rape bio-mass, microbial population and the petroleum pollutants residue in soil.The results showed that petroleum pollutants could promote rape growth when the petroleum hydrocarbon consistency <500 mg/kg, shown as the increase of rape bio-mass; when the petroleum hydrocarbon consistency was 500 mg/kg, petroleum pollutants has a great influence on microbial population, the amont of actinomycete dramatic decreased, while the amount of bacterium and fungi increased on some degree. After harvest of rape, the petroleum pollutants residue in soil was <300mg/kg.When the petroleum hydrocarbon consistency >500mg/kg, growth of rape was inhibited and the biomass of rape decreased. The amount of bacterium presented the downward trend with the increase of petroleum hydrocarbon consistency, the amont of actinomycete kept on decrease, and the amount of fugi was not obviously affected.Consolidate the various indicators, it was tentatively scheduled for cinnamon soil, critical concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons on rape was scheduled for 500mg/kg.

  Investigation on the Growth Activities of Angelica sinensis in Gansu Region 2010, 26 (17):  386-389.  Abstract + ( 1253 )   PDF ( 770279KB )   ( 957 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The study aimed to learn more about the growth characteristics of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels. and supply research data and scientific bases for improving good breeding in Gansu region. 【METHOD】Selecting experimental field flot, artificial seeding ,transplanting cultivation, observing and recording the different growth stages were used.【RESULTS】By dynamic investigation of different growth stages of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels.,the best harvest time of the root was in September of the second year, the suitable time to harvest seeds was in August of the third year. The fresh weight of the roots were about 882 g for each square meter,the dry weight of the roots were about 252g for each square meter,the drying rate was 3.5.The dry weight of the roots were 2520 kg for each hectare.【CONCLUSION】The seedling transplanting cultivation is suitable for Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels. in Gansu region, but wasteland resources and environmental degradation caused by breeding, the winter storage of transplanting seedlings is easy to early bolting. Therefore,we must pay attention to the new technology of growing seedlings and strengthen improving good breeding.

  Study on safety assessment and Residual Dynamics of Diniconazole in banana and soil 2010, 26 (17):  390-392.  Abstract + ( 1273 )   PDF ( 583427KB )   ( 998 ) Abstract: A study was conducted on degradation and residue of diniconazole after application in banana in Guangdong and Fujian Province. The pesticide was extracted using ethyl acetate from samlpels,most of lipids in co-extractives were removed by gel permeation chromatography .the pesticides were determined by capillary column gas chromatography with Nitrogen-phosphorus detector.The results showed that the breakdown of diniconazole follows first-kinetic order, and half-life 9.7-11.6,14.7-20.9 days in banana and 8.3-13.2，9.6-10.1 days in soil respectively. Their safety assessment was also made.

  The analysis on Dalian suburban farming economic benefit 2010, 26 (17):  393-397.  Abstract + ( 1137 )   PDF ( 716337KB )   ( 1328 ) This study was to grasp farming production status, layout features. It could conduct farmers to undertake efficient, high-yield, high-quality crop production. The paper relies on the dynamic monitoring of agricultural economy which covers six districts in Dalian. The monitoring system collects the full-crop input and output composition information of 760 suburban farmers as the suburban farming economic operation sample.The results indicated that Apple, cherry and corm had a certain scale advantages and vegetables did not have the scale advantages but rice did not have obvious scale effect.

  Comparative analysis of medicine maximum residue limit(MRL) standard and its relation with aquatic products trade in China 2010, 26 (17):  398-402.  Abstract + ( 1294 )   PDF ( 608544KB )   ( 1695 ) Abstract: The main factors affecting aquatic product export were collected and analyzed, based on the problems we have faced in recent years during import and export. The relationship between food safety and international trade, the regulations on medicine MRL of international organization and major trading countries were also summarized in this paper. Through comparative analysis on the medicine MRL standard between China and other trading partners , it is found that there is discrepancy in the standard of MRL.

  Discussion on the Cultivation and Utilization of Alfalfa in Ancient China 2010, 26 (17):  403-407.  Abstract + ( 1091 )   PDF ( 651792KB )   ( 928 ) Alfalfa is one of the oldest cultivated crops in the world. It has been planting and using for a very long time in China. Based on the study of historical documents on the cultivation and usage of alfalfa in ancient China, this article summarized the following conclusions: First, alfalfa was introduced to China by Zhang Qian in Han dynasty, and it was used as ornamental plants and forage for horses planting in the court in Chang’an. After that, planting alfalfa was gradually expanded to other areas in ancient China. Second, people in ancient China had already had a complete set of methods on alfalfa cultivation. They also concluded many experiences on mixed cultivation with food crops, forest and grass intercropping, and improving saline-alkali soil, and so on. Third, there were three major aspects of the usage of alfalfa in ancient China: 1, alfalfa was widely used in feeding livestock. For instance, the technology of grinding alfalfa into powder for livestock in grassless season had been developed in the ancient time. 2, alfalfa was an important food in famine time in the history as its leaves and seeds can be eaten and cooked in various ways. 3, alfalfa is also an significant traditional Chinese medication. Both aboveground and underground parts of alfalfa can be used as medicine. It is very helpful for curing diseases. The above conclusions may inspire people broadening their thinking and provide references for improving the modern alfalfa industry.

  Comparison of characteristics among 16 sugar and energy cane varieties 2010, 26 (17):  408-415.  Abstract + ( 1286 )   PDF ( 674238KB )   ( 949 ) The aim was to know the difference of production and characteristics traits in different varieties (clones). The result was used to provide the reference for energy sugarcane selecting and extending. With the main cultivated sugarcane varieties ROC22, ROC16 as control, 16 varieties were comparative test, two-plant and one-ratoon crop, tow type soil. The result showed that: the varieties B1, B8, GT26, GT02/833, B9, B28, GT02/48, GT97/69, GT02/208 performed well in high cane yield, stress resistance and strong adaptability. And the biological yield, cane yield, sugar yield and total fermentable sugar yield of them were significantly higher than CK, could be planted as sugar and energy cane cultivars in Guangxi. With the ordinary characteristics traits, the varieties YT96/86, GT99/156 and FN94/0403 might be planted in paddy field of the south of Guangxi. And the other varieties (clones) were not well to expand planting in Guangxi.

  Analysis on the tourism impact on the mechanism of tradition culture based on the framework of PSR 2010, 26 (17):  416-421.  Abstract + ( 1227 )   PDF ( 640417KB )   ( 1006 ) Impact of tourism on ethnical culture, have both positive for the side and negative side of obstruction. Analysis of tourism development on the impact of traditional culture causes, processes, evolution,Minimize its negative impact, expand positive impact, Tourism development in the minority and tradition culture to achieve “win-win”,are national sustainable development of tourism demand.

  Methods and Approaches of the Development of Creative Agriculture in Nanjing 2010, 26 (17):  422-426.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   PDF ( 600529KB )   ( 1138 ) Abstract: Creative agriculture, based on agricultural resources, is a new creative production method. It exerts the individual creative way of thinking, reorganizes three resources as “production, life and ecology” and develops the creative special agricultural products. At the same time, it is a new industry that extends the agricultural chains so as to enhance the income of the peasants. This paper, with the example of Nanjing Municipality, analyses the basic conditions of developing the innovation agriculture in Nanjing and puts forward the methods and ways for Nanjing to develop the creative agriculture in the future as well as the corresponding strategies and suggestions as financial conditions, festival activities, talented-personnel, brand construction, basic infrastructure construction and introduction of scientific and technological innovation.

  Research Advances on Rural Environmental Education in China in Recent Years 2010, 26 (17):  427-433.  Abstract + ( 1070 )   PDF ( 640175KB )   ( 984 ) The rural environmental education is the focus of the environment education, and it is of great theoretical and practical value to study it. The paper makes research mainly from the necessity of rural environmental education, the investigation and analysis on the environmental quality of rural residents, the problems，contents and suggestions of rural environmental education. The paper reviews the national study on rural environmental education in recent years and prospects future trends in this research field.

  Discussion on the Sustainable Development of Banana Industry in Guangxi 2010, 26 (17):  434-438.  Abstract + ( 1348 )   PDF ( 620164KB )   ( 1377 ) According to the‘unmarketble incident’of banana in 2009 in Guangxi, this paper analyzed the present situation and the issues in banana industry based on 8 aspects. Meanwhile, strategies of banana sustainable development were also discussed for dealing with related challenges, which included banana cultivation mode and techniques, varieties optimization and modification, postharvest handling and processing to extend the banana industry chain, programming of the distribution and cultivation of different varieties, standard cultivation and production and brand marketing.p>

  Study on the Research Summary of Cooperative Entrepreneurs and Factors of Growing 2010, 26 (17):  439-442.  Abstract + ( 1459 )   PDF ( 540596KB )   ( 954 ) Cooperatives have a positive effect on promoting the development of agriculture and the increase of peasants' income. With the development and maturate of cooperatives, the role of cooperative entrepreneurs became more important, and earned widespread respect from many researchers. The paper attempts to give a systematic summary on the concept and role of cooperative entrepreneurs and the factors which influence cooperative entrepreneurs growing up, and put forward to corresponding research prospects.

  Research on the Construction of Modern Rural System Based on Inclusive Finance Perspective 2010, 26 (17):  443-446.  Abstract + ( 1036 )   PDF ( 539391KB )   ( 847 ) Abstract：The idea of inclusive finance pays attention to the vulnerable groups to enjoy the rights of financial services, which is being accepted for all sectors of society. This paper explains the positioning , development status and prospects, difficulties and solutions of rural finance from inclusive finance perspective, and raises the suggestions and measures from many aspects like increasing subsidies for new-type rural financial institutions , setting up incentive and constraint mechanisms, establishing coordinated development mechanisms, and so on.

  Part-time farmers、Modern farmers and National food safety 2010, 26 (17):  447-450.  Abstract + ( 1256 )   PDF ( 539844KB )   ( 904 ) Abstract: China's current food safety studies were mostly from “big and single” macro-perspectives such as the policy, markets, technologies and resources and so on. These studies neglected micro-subjects of agricultural production—the important status and role of farmers. This paper studies food safety from "small and complete" micro-perspective and compares the different effects on food safety of the part-time farmers and the modern farmers. So this one thinks that too many part-time farmers will lead to the loss of labor force, cultivated land abandoned, a single food planting structure, less agricultural material input and exacerbate tensions between the small-scale production of agriculture and the large market and to China's reform and opening-up level of part-time farmers changes and changes in food production as an example of the empirical data analysis, which concluded that swing-mentality of the part-time farmers is not conducive to national food security and the modern farmers with a moderate scale、standardized production、a strong ability to absorb the modern elements and a high degree of capital and technology intensity and organization ensure the quantity and quality safety from the source. Therefore, in the current conditions for agricultural production and inefficient farming, to ensure national food security, it is necessary to guide china's current part-time farmers rationally and to break the bottlenecks of resources and institutions constraining the development of the modern farmers.

  The new Rural Social Pension Insurance System and Its Prospective Problem Analyzing 2010, 26 (17):  451-454.  Abstract + ( 1334 )   PDF ( 618743KB )   ( 1003 ) With the problem of rural population aging advent in our country becoming prominent day by day, The problem of old-age support and old-age poverty have restricted the social construction in rural China .The new rural social pension insurance system as the essential welfare system in rural will play an important role in solving the problem of old-age support and old-age poverty in rural. Basing on combing the new rural social pension insurance system, analyzing a prospective problem of it, And hope to be good at the development of the new rural social pension insurance system, providing suggestions for realizing the goal of this system.

  The Economic Characateristics Analyse on Agricultural Technology 2010, 26 (17):  455-458.  Abstract + ( 1131 )   PDF ( 507144KB )   ( 898 ) From the new view of characteristic agricultural technology, they are divided into "Exclusive Use Technology", "Sharing Technology" and "Club Technology". This paper discusses the three characteristics of agricultural technology economics properties and characteristics of three kinds of agricultural economics of the agricultural technology extension subject. "Exclusive Use Technology" is suitable for extending by the enterprise, "Sharing Technology" is suitable for extending by the government, "Club Technology" is suitable for extending by all kinds of rural professional technology association. Also should see that the characteristics of agricultural technology economics is changing, the choice of agricultural technology extension subject should be pay attention to this point.