Current issue

• 2010 Vol.26 No.16 Published:20 August 2010

  Inhibitory Effect of Different Levels of Aflatoxin B1 Addition on Fermentation Characteristic of Mixed Rumen Microorganisms In Vitro 2010, 26 (16):  8-13.  Abstract + ( 1072 )   PDF ( 679828KB )   ( 849 ) (Objective) The object of this study was to estimate the effect of the aflatoxin B1 on the metabolism of rumen microorganisms by some fermented parameters such as pH, volatile fatty acid, NH3-N, the composition of gas, and the activity of several cellulose. (Method)The experiment was to determination the active change of rumen flora in the short-term fermentation system which had increased different level of aflatoxin B1(0μg/mL，0.1μg/mL，1μg/mL，10μg/mL). (Result)The result of this study found that the concentration of NH3-N and volatile fatty acid were decreasing following the increasing of aflatoxin B1. The production of volatile fatty acid based on the substrate of maize meal was higher (p<0.05)than of alfalfa hay. The proportion of acetate, propionate, butyrate and valerate also decreasing according to the increasing the dose of aflatoxin B1, and the proportion of iso-valerate increasing because of high level of dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO). Aflatoxin B1 also caused inhibition the methane production (p<0.05) . Beside it has ability to inhibit the activity of cellulose. (Conclusion)According to the above results, It shows clearly that aflatoxin could be inhibition the activity of microorganisms in rumen, especially the fermentation of fibrous feedstuff.

  Cloning and Expression of the S1, N and M gene of IBV 2010, 26 (16):  14-17.  Abstract + ( 1086 )   PDF ( 728196KB )   ( 924 ) Abstract: The S1, N and M genes of IBVSX16 strain were sub-cloned into the eukaryotic expression plasmid pVAX1, which is driven by CMV promoter, named pVAX1-16S1, pVAX1-16N and pVAX1-16M, respectively. Purified plasmids DNA were transfected into BHK-21 cells by lipofectamine. The IBV S1, N and M proteins were expressed in BHK-21, which do specifically react to the CDV antisera. The mice inoculated with these plasmids induced the immune response against IBV.

  The establishment of eco-certification of the importance of grassland pasture and system elements 2010, 26 (16):  18-21.  Abstract + ( 1037 )   PDF ( 497357KB )   ( 855 ) The study by analyzing the background against which the certification system of ecological pasture and farm is established. Based on this analysis, it outlines the significances of such certification, and the main components of the system. The components are: environmental and infrastructure requirements; the requirements for forage production and breeding; and the requirements for sanitation, and disease prevention. It also discusses major questions to be solved over the operation of the system in China.

  The progress of floral-dip transgenic research methods 2010, 26 (16):  22-25.  Abstract + ( 1104 )   PDF ( 1435822KB )   ( 1764 ) This paper discusses the common ritual floral-dip transgenic research methods of Arabidopsis thaliana ,and further expounds the application of the method in gramineous crops and other species. It shows that this transgenic approach is feasible in theory.

  Optimization of Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism Amplification System for Phyllanthus emblica 2010, 26 (16):  26-30.  Abstract + ( 1002 )   PDF ( 3557655KB )   ( 846 ) In this paper, a optimized SRAP-PCR amplification system for Phyllanthus emblica was established by the orthogonal design and single factor optimization. It suggested that each factor （template DNA、Mg2+、dNTPs、primers）had different effect on the results of PCR, and 50 ng template DNA, 2.0 mmol/L-1 Mg2+, 0.4 mmol/L-1 dNTPs, 0.3 μmol/L-1 primers in a total of 20 μL reaction solution could be able to amplified the most rich polymorphism and clear bands. The optimized SRAP-PCR system was tested on twelve Phyllanthus emblica germplasms and shown to be steady and reliable for molecular genetics research.

  Screening the strains of producing efficient cellulase which can efficiently decompose the cellulose of Camellia cake 2010, 26 (16):  31-35.  Abstract + ( 1022 )   PDF ( 1739208KB )   ( 885 ) Abstract: From the soil, garbage and rotting leaves through such as Congo red medium, carboxymethyl cellulose medium and so on mediums screen out of L-1, L-3, L-4, L-5, L-6, L-2 6 strains. Then use those six strains to individually ferment the medium which is composed of Camellia cake as the main nutritional components. By comparing the solid-state fermentation of enzyme activity，can know that L-1, L-3, L-4 three kinds of strains can be used as alternate strains which can efficiently decompose the cellulose of Camellia cake. And by comparing the significant analysis about the Glucanase Exonuclease、the Glucanase enzyme and the total activity of three alternative strains, can know that L-3 strain is the best strains of efficient cellulase degradation. And this kind of strains is identified belonging to Penicillium.

  The split and reconstruction of Straw mushroom mycelium cells 2010, 26 (16):  36-39.  Abstract + ( 1189 )   PDF ( 2048043KB )   ( 905 ) Abstract:The different genetic bands was screened out by molecular markers between parent strain 26 and strain 28,and waw successfully changed into nucleus marker SCAR1 for strain 26 and SCAR2 for strain 28 respectively.With the applicaton conbined by nucleus SCAR markers and protoplast regeneration, hybrid strain 2628 successfully split into two parental strain of protoplasted monocaryons. Simultaneously, two parental strain of protoplasted monocaryons also can be reconstructed into hybrid strain 2628 identified by nucleus SCAR markers and fruiting test. This enriches homothallic fungi genetics and breeding theory and provides a new way of thinking.

  Detection for Virulence Genes of Escherchia coli Isolates Recovered from Water BodyUsing Multiplex PCR 2010, 26 (16):  40-43.  Abstract + ( 1191 )   PDF ( 745108KB )   ( 876 ) According to the published DNA sequences, eight pairs of specific oligonucleotide primers were designed to identify 8 virulence genes harbored by Escherchia coli isolates recovered from water body using multiplex PCR method in order to verify the reliability of multiplex PCR technique and its practicability in detection of virulence genes of E. coli within aquatic environment.

  Application of protein microarray Technique in Virology Research 2010, 26 (16):  44-47.  Abstract + ( 1085 )   PDF ( 518809KB )   ( 878 ) The protein microarray technology increasing attention as a kind of new technology in Proteome Research. At present, the technology has been applied in each virology study fields. With the continuous improvement of the technology, it will play a more and more important role in virology study. This paper reviews the principle、characteristic、kind and detection method of protein microarray technology, simultaneously, expanding its application and prospect in virology research. Keywords: protein chip

  The synergistic effect of pulsed electric fields (PEF) and mild heat treatment on pasteurization of egg white and kinetics study 2010, 26 (16):  48-52.  Abstract + ( 1334 )   PDF ( 830034KB )   ( 950 ) The synergistic effect of pulsed electric fields (PEF) and mild heat treatment (15、30 and 55℃) on pasteurization of egg white was studied and the dynamical equation was established in the present paper. The results showed that the first-order model could well describe E. coli inactivation by PEF at 15, 30 and 55℃（R2>0.97）, the values of kinetic constant were between 4.5-13.2×10-3 (1/μs). The kinetic constant K was a function of applied electric field intensity and mild heat treatment temperature, which increased with the increment of electric field intensity and mild heat treatment temperature indicating the enhancement of synergistic effect of PEF and mild heat treatment. The PEF processing (35kV/cm，400μs) at 55℃ was demonstrated to be suitable for pasteurization of egg white. PEF (35kV/cm，400μs) at 15℃ could inactivate 3.2, 3.6, 3.4 and 2.8 logs for E. coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Listeria innocua and Staphylococcus aureus inoculated in egg white, respectively. The reductions increased to 5.4, 5.8, 6.5 and 4.3 logs when the temperature increased to 55℃.

  Study on Storage Effects of the Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai with Different Treatments 2010, 26 (16):  53-57.  Abstract + ( 1083 )   PDF ( 787922KB )   ( 917 ) Abstract: In this article, different treatments of preservation methods, maturity and harvesting ways were carried out to research their effects during huanghua pear storage. The experiments told that: the respiratory peak of huanghua pear fruit was delayed and the hardness could maintain a longer time, and the rotting rate was decreased to extend the storage time effectively at 0℃. In addition, choose to pick huanghua pear fruit on a cloudy day when the maturity came to 80% and store at 0℃, and the pear could be kept for more than 85 days, with better quality.

  Research on Compound Beverage of Bean Dregs and Pineapple 2010, 26 (16):  58-62.  Abstract + ( 1245 )   PDF ( 616836KB )   ( 916 ) Bean dregs is the by-products of tofu which were added to compound beverage with pineapple. The impression of stabilizer,bean dregs, sugar and citrate was investigated. Using single factor test and orthogonal method the optimum conditions were obtained: xanthan 0.1%, CMC0.16%,carrageenan 0.04%, bean dregs 6%, sugar 8%,pineapple juice 45%.The compound beverage was sweet and sour moderate with pineapple unique flavor.This study provides a effective path for the comprehensive utilization of bean dregs.

  The Protection System of Regional Brands of Agricultural Products in Japan and the Enlightenment 2010, 26 (16):  63-67.  Abstract + ( 1169 )   PDF ( 517904KB )   ( 1037 ) With the competition in the field of agriculture becoming more and more fierce, all the countries in the world attached more attention to the protection of regional brands of agricultural products, which is important to strengthen the synthetic competitiveness of agriculture. Nowadays, Japan, based on the developments of its national contidions and and changes of international situation of agriculture, positively set down the protecion system of regional brands of agriculture products to motivate and protect the development of agriculture in the country. In this paper, the protection system of regional brands of agricultural products in Japan has been analyesed and evaluated. These expericences give us enlightment and significance. Using the experiences of Japan for reference, China should improve the laws and legislations on regional brands, take advantages of the goverments’ functions, develop industry associations to protecte products, strengthen safety and quality standard system to monitor and vigorously carry out marketing and advertising.

  Study on antioxidant activities of different green tea extracts 2010, 26 (16):  68-71.  Abstract + ( 1250 )   PDF ( 690529KB )   ( 1102 ) Polyphenols, flavonoids and anthocyanin content of various green tea extracts were investagted. Ferrous ion chelating, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, ferric reducing power of green tea extracts were performed. The results showed that green tea Huang shanmaofeng to the highest total phenol content. Flavonoids contents had no significant difference. Anthocyanin content of decreasing order is Xinyangmaojian, Huangshanmaofeng and Yingzhouyafeng. Ferrous ion chelating capacity order was Huangshanmaofeng, Xinyangmaojian and Yingzhouyafeng. In dilution 2, the ferrous ion chelating ability of Huangshanmaofeng was 1.32 fold and 1.38 fold higher than that of Xinyangmaojian and Yingzhouyafeng respectively. On 0.25-1mgDW/mL concentrations, the DPPH scavenging capacity of Huangshanmaofeng was significantly higher than that of Xinyangmaojian and Yingzhouyafeng. However, no significant difference was observed in DPPH scavenging capacity between Xinyangmaojian and Yingzhoumaofeng. In dilution 2, iron reducing power of Huangshanmaofeng was 1.35 fold and 1.4 fold higher than that of Xinyangmaojian and Yingzhouyafeng respectively.

  Changes of carbohydrate metabolism of postharvest fresh waxy corn 2010, 26 (16):  72-75.  Abstract + ( 1166 )   PDF ( 701941KB )   ( 986 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Study the carbohydrate metabolism of postharvest fresh waxy corn and the effect of different temperature changes to it. 【METHOD】The content changes of sucrose,reducing sugar,amylose and amylopectin were determined. 【RESULTS】The content of sucrose,reducing sugar continued to decline. The content of toatal starch,amylose and amylopectin all reached the peak value at 1st day,followed by little change in amylose, amylopectin content decreased slightly,with toatal starch showed an increase trend. Compared with 20℃storage temperature,the content of sucrose, reducing sugar and amylopectin was high,while the content of amylopectin and toatal starch was low when stored at 0℃storage temperature. 【CONCLUSION】The anabolism about inverting of soluble sugar to starch occupied the dominant position for postharvest fresh waxy corn. The inverting of soluble sugar to starch and amylose to amylopectin can be reduced when stored at 0℃.

  Effect of inoculum concentration on dry fermentation for vinegar residue 2010, 26 (16):  76-79.  Abstract + ( 1130 )   PDF ( 652390KB )   ( 1034 ) The biogas prodction effects of different inoculum concentration using batch fermentation process was studied on with vinegar residue as raw material at strictly controlled temperature (38±1℃). The result showed that TS gas production potential of vinegar residue and sludge mass ratio of 2:1,1:1and 1:2(dry matter than 3.05, 1.52 and 0.76) were 295.56,344.02,446.95 ml/g，VS gas production potential were 295.56、344.02、446.95ml/g，intensify inoculum concentration was to avoid acidification,quick Start anaerobic fermentation，speed up the emergence of the peak gas production, cut short fermentation period,improve the raw gas production rate，and etc..

  Influence of Smoke Agent Fumigation Treatment on Physiological Metabolisms and Preservation Effect of Kiwifruit 2010, 26 (16):  80-83.  Abstract + ( 1237 )   PDF ( 677210KB )   ( 817 ) In the kiwifruit post-harvest pre-cooling period, two kinds of anti-corrosion smoke agent fumigation before refrigeration was adopted, to study the effect of smoke agent fumigation treatment on post-harvest storage of kiwifruit on physiological metabolism. The results showed that the flesh firmness and fruit ethylene production rate of smoke agentⅠ,Ⅱ and CK kiwifruit have no significant difference throughout the storage period. The fruit respiration rate of using two kinds of smoke agent significantly higher than the CK fruits storied 15d and 28d, indicating the use of antiseptic aerosol after the 28d, the fruit respiration rate was stimulated. Soluble solids content of smoke agent Ⅰfruits was significantly higher than CK fruits ; and softening rate and the decay rate of smoke agent Ⅱfruits was significantly lower than the CK fruits.

  Research on Difenoconazole?Propicondzole EC Residue in Rice by ECD Gas Chromatography 2010, 26 (16):  84-89.  Abstract + ( 1343 )   PDF ( 856902KB )   ( 992 ) The residual dynamics of Difenoconazole and Propiconazole in rice plant, soil, water samples, experiments conducted in Hunan ,Zhejiang and Jilin Province, were studied by ECD Gas Chromatography．Samples were extracted with acetone and dichloromethane, followed by determination using ECD GC. The result showed that the recovery rate of Difenoconazole were 84.3％~97.9％ for the rice plant, the water and the soil samples with coefficients of variation of 2.89％6.78％; and that of Propiconazole were 83.6％~104.7％for the rice plant, the water and the soil samples with coefficients of variation of 4.02％~6.57％. The minimum detectable concentration of Difenoconazole was 0.002mg/kg for water samples, 0.01mg/kg for soil samples and 0.02mg/kg for rice plant; and that of Propiconazole was 0.001mg/kg for water samples, 0.005mg/kg for soil samples and 0.01mg/kg for rice plant. Three experiments conducted, the degradation half-life of Difenoconazole within the rice plant was 6.92~13.6days, within the water samples was 0.37~0.76 days and within soil samples was 23.98~33.49days， respectively; and that of Propiconazole within the rice plant was 2.55~6.31days ,within the water samples was 0.28~4.33 days, and within soil samples was 17.59~35.91days, respectively. The MRL values of Difenoconazole and Propiconazole were all sdvised to being setted to 0.10mg/kg. Difenoconazole and Propiconazole was not detectable in ripe rice with once prescription of Difenoconazole?Propicondzole EC in the condition of Chinese natural environment

  Effects of Meteorological Factors on Peanut Quality 2010, 26 (16):  90-94.  Abstract + ( 1290 )   PDF ( 527909KB )   ( 975 ) In order to determine the key meteorological factors affecting the peanut quality and quantify the effect degree of the key climatic factors, using the methods of correlation analysis, path analysis and stepwise regression analysis, the paper studied the effects of meteorological factors on peanut quality based on the peanut quality data and meteorological data in growth period coming from the 18 main peanut producing provinces in China in 2008. The result showed that peanut protein content with the various meteorological factors were not reached significant levels, peanut fat content and >15℃ accumulated temperature was highly significant positive correlation, with the temperature difference between day and night was significantly negative correlation, and peanut O/L with the meteorological factors in growth period were all reached highly significant level in which was very significant positive correlation with the >15℃ accumulated temperature and rainfall in growth period, and was very significant negative correlation with sunshine hours and day and night temperature difference in growth period. The path analysis and stepwise regression analysis showed that the effects of various meteorological factors on the peanut protein content are not large, the main meteorological factor affecting the peanut fat content was the >15℃ accumulated temperature in growth period, and the main meteorological factor affecting the peanut O/L was day and night temperature difference in growth period. The relationship between the peanut fat content, O/L and its main impact factor can be described by a linear equation.

  Theoretical Discussion on the Traits of Maize Hybrid Xianyu335 2010, 26 (16):  95-98.  Abstract + ( 1137 )   PDF ( 519267KB )   ( 1032 ) In order to learn more about the traits and their mechanisms of Xianyu335, using some trial data on this hybrid and the research results of breeding theory, its maturity, adaptedness, resistance to stresses, tolerance to high plant density, regulation between single plant and population, as well as source-sink-flow relationship were discussed in this article. It was showed that these traits of Xianyu335 reflected many scientific breeding theories and strategies. And it was hoped that the maize breeders could get some references and inspirations.

  A Method for Preparation Nitrate in Water Samples for δ15N and δ18O Analysis——Ion Exchange Chromatography 2010, 26 (16):  99-102.  Abstract + ( 1199 )   PDF ( 643932KB )   ( 858 ) Ion exchange chromatography for preprocessing water samples with nitrate for δ15N and δ18O analysis was further studied and the method of predecessor was improved in this paper. The eluent HCl was defined to 15ml－6M eventually. AgNO3 was transformed into N2 and CO directly by TC－EA avoiding the complicated conversion steps in the past. In this method, AG1-X8(Cl-, 200-400mesh) anion resin produced by Bio-rad3 Corporation had a relatively high affinity for nitrate, which made the sorption efficiency achieve more than 98 percent and the elution recovery achieve more than 94 percent. Moreover, it has a good reproducibility of δ15N and δ18O. The testing accuracy is 0.22‰ for δ15N and 0.4‰ for δ18O, which has reached the level of similar studies abroad and met the requirements of the hydrogeological applications. This method was suited for waters of moderate nitrate concentrations.

  Effects of K-IBA Treatments on Autumn-Cutting Rooting of Sloanea hemsleyana 2010, 26 (16):  109-112.  Abstract + ( 1168 )   PDF ( 620299KB )   ( 894 ) Abstract:　Cuttings propagation technology of Sloanea hemsleyana autumn robust branches studied with dynamic changes of peroxidase (POD) activity，superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content during rooting . The results showed that cuttings with K-IBA-3000mg/kg treatment has the highest rooting percentage which was 78%，cuttings with KNAA-1000mg/kg treatment has the lowest rooting percentage which was 13%，the rank of the K-IBA treatment was: K-IBA-3000mg/kg（78%）﹥K-IBA-1000mg/kg（63%）﹥K-IBA-5000mg/kg（38%）. During rooting of Sloanea hemsleyana autumn cutting，the superoxide dismutase activity increased first and then declined，and have a peak on the 20th. The peroxidase activity changes were siilar to the superoxide dismutase activity. The malondialdehyde content accumulated first rapidly，and then declined all the time，it has a peak on the 20th. Key words:　 Sloanea hemsleyana; autumn cutting; rooting rate; enzymic activity

  Comprehensive assessment on ecological health in intensive-cropland under different fertilization measures: case study of Huojia County, Henan Province of China 2010, 26 (16):  113-118.  Abstract + ( 1081 )   PDF ( 637541KB )   ( 871 ) In this paper, the agro-ecosystem health under different fertilization were evaluated using principal component analysis, by taking the Huojia County, the main grain producing areas of North Plain of China as case study. A index including 17 indicators relating soil physical, chemical and biological characteristics were constructed for evaluation. The results show that the corn straw and wheat straw returning to field can significantly improve the soil's physical properties, and help to the accumulation of soil organic matter and available nutrients to provide and maintain on the whole. In addition, organic manure application can improved the soil's physical, chemical biological properties to some extent.

  The evolution analysis of quality and yield characters of new rapeseed lines tested in national winter rapeseed regional experiment in recent decade in China 2010, 26 (16):  119-123.  Abstract + ( 1113 )   PDF ( 741163KB )   ( 999 ) Rapeseed is the most important edible vegetable oil crop in China. In this paper, the quality and yield characters of new rapeseed cultivars/lines tested in national winter rapeseed regional trials from 2000 to 2009 were analyzed. The results showed that the turnaround of quality and yield characters of rapeseed cultivars were took place in 2002 and hereafter the ratio of double-low (low erucic acid and low glucosinolate) rapeseed cultivars was above 80% and the yield was gradually increased and now almost reached the yield levels of double-high (high erucic acid and high glucosinolate) rapeseed cultivars. The yield increasing of double-low rapeseed cultivars was mainly duo to increasing of 1000-grains weight and of silique numbers per plant. Furthermore, the oil content was enhanced significantly especially in recent 3 years. These meant the quality and yield of double-low rapeseed cultivars were improved harmoniously in double-lowering of rapeseed cultivar in China. However it is still the main objectives of rapeseed breeding to increase yield and oil content of double-low rapeseed cultivars.

  DENSITY AND THE NUMBER OF THE REST GROWING TOBACCO LEAVES 2010, 26 (16):  124-128.  Abstract + ( 1121 )   PDF ( 573034KB )   ( 969 ) Abstract: This research was designed for the technical support of the high-quality tobacco cultivation. The Tobacco 9803 was used as the test control strain. The results showed that: at the same condition of field managements, the planting density of 120cm × 50cm, and 21 leaves were left on the tobacco plant achieved best in integrated sensory quality，leaf structure and flavor. Smoking assessment of total score reached 68.75 ; The yield is moderate and the integrated economic traits is good.So, it is suggested to be applied in the east of Liaoning province.

  Progress in Leafy Maize Research 2010, 26 (16):  129-133.  Abstract + ( 1089 )   PDF ( 508921KB )   ( 964 ) The leafy maize, characteristic of more leaves above the ear and high solar energy utilization, is the ideal material in plant type and high photosynthetic efficiency breeding programmes. Moreover, the leafy maize germplasm is valuable for silage and forage maize breeding. Herein, progress in physiological characteristics, genetics and breeding application of the leafy maize was introduced. Finally, the future work of leafy type maize was discussed.

  Discuss on Developing Countermeasure, Breeding and Production of Waxy Corn in Guangdong province 2010, 26 (16):  134-138.  Abstract + ( 989 )   PDF ( 531731KB )   ( 971 ) This paper introduced the production status and breeding research of waxy corn in China and Guangdong province. Author further presented the breeding direction and developing countermeasures of waxy corn in situation.

  Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Rice Quality and Starch RVA Profile Parameters ofMechanical Transplanting Super Japonica Rice 2010, 26 (16):  139-143.  Abstract + ( 1077 )   PDF ( 650942KB )   ( 988 ) Using conventional Japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 44 and hybrid Japonica rice combination Changyou 1, the effects of nitrogen (N) application rate ( 0 kg/hm2, 90 kg/hm2, 180 kg/hm2, 270 kg/hm2, 360 kg/hm2 ) on rice quality and starch RVA profile parameters of super Japonica rice were investigated under manual transplanting rice cultivation pattern. The results showed that rice milling quality, nutritional quality, cooking and taste quality, three peak starch RVA profile parameters (peak viscosity, hot viscosity, cool viscosity) of super Japonica rice measured in this study were significantly influenced by N application rate treatments, and the other starch RVA profile parameters differed between two super Japonica rice cultivars. Compared with Nanjing 44, rice appearance quality of Changyou 1 was more sensitive to N treatments, increasing N application rate would increase chalkiness rice rate and chalkiness degree of Changyou 1. Both Nanjing 44 and Changyou 1 showed the same trend that, with raising N application rate, brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate and rice protein content increased, while rice amylase content, taste value, peak viscosity, hot viscosity, cool viscosity of rice starch decreased. These results indicated that increasing N application rate would result in increment of milling quality and nutritional quality of rice, while rice taste quality and starch viscosity decreased.

  Comparative Studies on Several Physiological Indicators of Leaves between Diploid and Tetraploid of Watermelon 2010, 26 (16):  144-146.  Abstract + ( 1190 )   PDF ( 538471KB )   ( 825 ) The changes of chlorophyll and the resistance related physiological indicators in leaves of diploid and autotetraploid of watermelon during growth process were studied. The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll a，chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll on unit leaf area of tetraploid were all significantly higher than that of diploid in watermelon，while the contents of carotenoids were slightly lower. The activities of Superoxide Dismutase，Peroxidase and Polyphenol oxidase in leaves at three growing periods were all significantly higher than that of diploid in watermelon，and the activity of Catalase was slightly higher，while the content of Malondialdehyde was significantly lower. These indicated that the tetraploid is superior to the diploid in photosynthesis and resistance in watermelon．

  Effects of NaCl stress on Soluble protein contents and Soluble carbohydrate contents of Artemisia anethifolia 2010, 26 (16):  147-149.  Abstract + ( 1191 )   PDF ( 533734KB )   ( 1214 ) Artemisia anethifolia was employed to study the relationship of salt tolerance with Soluble protein contents and Soluble carbohydrate contents in seedling of Artemisia anethifolia. The results showed that, with the increase of salt concentration, the seedling Soluble protein contents of Artemisia anethifolia had low-high-low trend; otherwise, Stem and Leaves of Artemisia anethifolia had low-high trend and roots had low-high-low trend. It was concluded that Soluble protein contents and Soluble carbohydrate contents could be used as the physiological indexes for salt tolerance in Artemisia anethifolia.

  Effect of Three Controls Nutrient Management Technology on Growth, Development and Nitrogen Uptake of Rice 2010, 26 (16):  150-157.  Abstract + ( 1235 )   PDF ( 914609KB )   ( 880 ) The objective of this study was to determine the effect of three controls nutrient management technology on growth, development and nitrogen uptake of rice. Two field experiments were conducted in early season and late season of 2009 at Baiyun experimental station, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural science, Guangzhou, china. Yueza 889, a two-line hybrid rice, was grown under two treatments, three controls nutrient management technology and farmers′fertilizer practice (FFP), and arranged in randomized complete block design experiments with four replicates. The results were as follows: (1) Compared with FFP, grain yield with three controls treatment was 6 %~8 % higher, while total nitrogen input was 10% lower. Panicles number, filled grain rate and 1000-grain weight were greater than FFP. (2) Total plant dry weight under three controls treatment was 3.8%~11.0% greater than that under FFP. Chlorophyll content of leaves (SPAD value) of three controls treatment was higher than that of FFP during panicle initiation and grain-filling stages. Little difference was found in leaf area index between three controls treatment and FFP. (3) Compared with FFP, maximum tiller number of three controls treatment was 5.9%~10.6% lower, but the productive tiller rate was 5.5%~11.8% higher. (4) Plants under three controls treatment absorbed less nitrogen than FFP before panicle initiation. But during panicle initiation and grain-filling stages, plants under three controls treatment absorbed much more nitrogen than FFP. Total N uptake and nitrogen use efficiency, i.e. recovery efficiency, agronomic efficiency and partial factor productivity, were higher for three controls treatment than for FFP.

  The Present State、Problems and Developing Perspectives on Fertilizer Production with Straws 2010, 26 (16):  158-163.  Abstract + ( 1214 )   PDF ( 677968KB )   ( 1336 ) China is an agriculture country and rich in the straw sources. The statistical date shows that the weigth of straws was about 747 million tons in 2007,which took up 20%-30% that of the whole world. In China, the usage fashions of straws are plentiful, but there are also a large number of straws to be dealed with in unproper ways,such as burning、discarding and so on. Not only does it waste source but also pollute the environment badly. Meanwhile, amounts of orgianic fertilizers are to be needed in the production of angriculture. So produce fertilizers with straws can support an effective approach to solve the contradiction on requirement of organic fertilizers and unsufficient usage of straws. This article introduces and expounds the present state、problems and developing perspectives on producing fertilizers with straws, and gives some suggestions about it.

  Analysis on the Characteristic and Cause of orchard Soil Acidification in the Area of East Shandong Province 2010, 26 (16):  164-169.  Abstract + ( 1345 )   PDF ( 817747KB )   ( 1239 ) In order to know the characteristic of orchard soil acidification in the area of east Shandong province, some soil samples were analysed. The results showed that the orchard soil acidification was very strong, soil pH value of orchard was far lower than the value of soil survey in 1981 and that in farmland, and the pH and potential acidity of top soil in orchard was lower than that of subsoil. The cause of orchard soil acidification in the area of east Shandong province focused on the increasing input of chemical fertilizer, decreasing input of organic fertilizer and flooding irrigation.

  Recent Advances in Molecular Biology of Compost Microorganism 2010, 26 (16):  170-174.  Abstract + ( 971 )   PDF ( 539220KB )   ( 1086 ) Compost microorganism can accomplish the reclamation, harmlessness and reduction of solid wastes, and becomes a current research focus. Molecular biotechnology provides the new way to research compost microorganism. The advances in molecular biology of compost microorganism were reviewed, and then the directions of the future research were briefly stated.

  The research between Corn varieties canopy of NDVI and chlorophyll 2010, 26 (16):  175-179.  Abstract + ( 1518 )   PDF ( 775599KB )   ( 884 ) Abstract:This paper studies the different stages of corn through the application of GreenSeeker determine different varieties of corn under different nitrogen Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and the changes of leaf chlorophyll content and their relevance.The results showed that the chlorophyll content of corn at different period and the NDVI values are different,chlorophyll content and NDVI values are increased with the amount of nitrogen,the maximum fertilizer increase large,chlorophyll increase of 33%,NDVI increase of 7.25%,the chlorophyll and NDVI showed a significant positive correlation.The different varieties of corn increase different,Zhengdan 958 and Jinong 302 are better than Nongda 588.

  Fertilizer Application in Agriculture Production in Denmark and the Inspiration to our Country 2010, 26 (16):  180-183.  Abstract + ( 964 )   PDF ( 748076KB )   ( 907 ) Fertilizer widely used in modern agriculture brought some negative impacts while increasing crop yields. To solve these problems, the limited amount of N and advised amount of P, K and seasons and methods of fertilizer application were formulated in Denmark. Therefore, the quantity of nutrients could be corrected according to soil test and crop yields. This is a good example to China to do with fertilizer problem. What should be done is to limit the use of fertilizer, enhance the knowledge of farmers, encourage organic fertilizer and improve fertilizing methods.

  Study on the Trend of the Sand Soil Nutrient VicissitudeAnd Appling Fertilizer Method 2010, 26 (16):  184-186.  Abstract + ( 1150 )   PDF ( 580652KB )   ( 834 ) Abstract: Trend of soil nutrient and soil nutrient restriction factors of three crops were studied through testing the soil nutrient content and adopting the principle of least nutrient during the rotation period of summer maize→peanut-winter wheat. The result showed that in the Jidong Sand Rejion the line of trend of effective-N and effective-P was a trough form, but a complete wave form of effective-K; in the sand soil, effective-N and effective-K were common soil nutrient restriction factors of the three crops. On the base of this conclusion, the effective applying fertilizer method was forward: the nitrogenous and potash fertilizer was enough during summer maize period, but phosphate fertilizer may not apply; the count of potash fertilizer was increased , the count of nitrogenous fertilizer was stabilized and phosphate may apply few during peanut period; during the winter wheat period, this three fertilizers were took account of, but the nitrogenous and potash fertilizer was important .

  Effects of combined application of organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer on the growth, disease resistance and aroma and taste of flue-cured tobacco in mountainous area 2010, 26 (16):  187-190.  Abstract + ( 1199 )   PDF ( 556708KB )   ( 988 ) In order to study the effects of different proportions of organic and inorganic nitrogen on growth, disease resistance and aroma and taste of flue-cured tobacco under the same nitrogen application rate. Field experiment combined with laboratory analysis was employed in this study. The results show: (1) Combined with organic manure application enhanced the growth and development, disease resistance of flue-cured tobacco significantly, presenting as stronger growth vigor, more fully developed leaves, and low incidence than those of CK. (2) Employed organic manure improved the hierarchical structure of tobacco leaves, the proportion of finest and medium tobacco leaves, and acquired higher yield and output value per unit area. (3) It also improved the aroma and taste of tobacco leaves. (4) Combined with 20% organic nitrogen obtained the best comprehensive effect in mountainous area. To sum up, combined with 20% organic nitrogen obtained the best comprehensive effect in mountainous area when the nitrogen amount is 7.5 kg per 667 m2.

  Effects of Different Type of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield Formation and Nitrogen Efficiency of Summer Maize 2010, 26 (16):  191-194.  Abstract + ( 1042 )   PDF ( 599834KB )   ( 894 ) An experiment of type of nitrogen fertilizer and rate was carried out to investigate their effects on on dry matter accumulation, grain yield, the N efficiency and economic benefit of the summer maize (Zea Mays L.). in a randomized design. With no nitrogen used as control, 150 and 215 kg N?hm-2 were both applied by one times. The results showed that, at the same nitrogen level, coated 【OBJECTIVE】The objective of the study is to investigate the effects of normal urea (NU) and coated compound fertilizer (CCF) on the N efficiency and yield of summer maize under different application rates conditions;【METHOD】Five nitrogen rates were designed to investigate the effects on dry matter accumulation, kernel filling rate, the N efficiency and grain yield in a randomized design, and the relationship with grain yield and the N efficiency;【RESULTS】The results showed that, at the same nitrogen level, CCF can significantly increase dry matter accumulation and kernel filling rate with NU. The average grain yield of maize applied with CCF was 6.9 % higher (P< 0.05) than that applied with NU. In addition, the average agronomic efficiency of nitrogen (AE) and the partial factor productivity for applied N (PFP) treated with CCF were 6.6% and 9.8% higher than those treated with NU, respectively. The higher level application of CCF could significantly increase grain yield, AE and PFP of maize;【CONCLUSION】Compared with the NU, the positive effect on the N efficiency and grain yield of CCF might be caused by the higher dry matter accumulation and kernel filling rate. With the increase of CCF production, its cost will be decreased and its use prospect will be wider in crop production.

  Study on character of glomalin-related soil protein and soil organic matter in rubber fields 2010, 26 (16):  195-198.  Abstract + ( 1354 )   PDF ( 504282KB )   ( 985 ) Glomalin is an abundant soil glycoprotein, the soil total glomalin of different history rubber fields in hainan was extracted by 90 min of autoclaving (121 1C) 0.25 g soil in 2ml of 50mM sodium citrate adjusted to pH 8.0, and Bradford protein analysis was used for glomalin-related soil protein. The result showed that the concentrations of glomalin-related soil protein of rubber field soil in hainan baisha are relatively low, the effect of 8-years history of rubber planting on glomalin-related soil protein is not significant. The difference of glomalin-related soil protein concentrations of secondly rubber field layers is lower compare to that of glomalin-related soil protein concentrations of firstly rubber field layers. The trend of glomalin-related soil protein change is differ from soil organic carbon in rubber fields.

  Effect evaluation of urban waterfront green space landscape based on application of RAGA-PPE model 2010, 26 (16):  199-205.  Abstract + ( 1077 )   PDF ( 819425KB )   ( 795 ) With the increasing people concerning bout the urban waterfront green space landscape, the RAGA-PPE model was applied to the effect evaluation of urban waterfront green space landscape. We changed the multi-dimension data into low-dimension space and searched for the optimum projection direction to get the projection function value, then established the classification of multiple-unit data and evaluating model, which can evaluate landscape effect according to the size of the projection value. Daqing City was taken as the research object, effect evaluation index system and grade standard for waterfront green space landscape were built and effect evaluation was carried out on five urban waterfront green space landscapes. The results of evaluation showed that the score of “apt” for Dongfeng Lake was 1.5561, and the scores of “intermediate” for Wanbao Lake and Binzhou Lake were 3.3425 and 3.3427, respectively, while the score of “poor” for Chengfeng Lake was 3.6491, and the score of “very poor” for Dawn Lake was 4.7159. The evaluation results were basically consistent with the public feedback, suggesting that the model suitable for effect evaluation of urban waterfront green space landscape because of its higher accuracy. It also provided new method for dealing with the landscape comprehensive evaluation which has fuzzy and uncertain data by avoiding some deficiencies in traditional methods.

  Studies on the Change of Fruit Quality Target of Two Apricot Cultivars in Different Maturation Period 2010, 26 (16):  206-210.  Abstract + ( 1141 )   PDF ( 826676KB )   ( 1408 ) Apricot fruit qualities including flavonoid contents and carotenoids contents in Prunus armeniaca Golden-sun and Prunus armeniaca Kuijin cultivars were studied at three mature stages of green mature, commercial mature and ripening. The result indicated that average fruit mass, contents of total soluble solids, vitamin C, soluble sugar, flavonoid and carotenoids increased with fruit maturation, and attained the highest levels at ripening, while fruit hardness and content of organic acid decreased gradually with fruit maturation and attained the lowest levels at ripening. Results also showed that general fruit qualities of Kuijin was better that of Golden-sun. Key words: Apricot; Maturation Period; Soluble Sugar; Flavonoid; Carotenoids

  Research progress on the influencing factors in dry matter distribution of fruit vegetables 2010, 26 (16):  211-216.  Abstract + ( 1186 )   PDF ( 624082KB )   ( 938 ) Abstract：Dry matter distribution directly determines the yield and quality of vegetables. Qualitative analysis and quantitative description of influences on dry matter distribution has great research significance. This paper briefly introduced the relationship between dry matter production and distribution of fruit vegetables, and emphatically reviewed the influence of growing process, organs interaction, environmental conditions, growth regulators and cultivation management on dry matter distribution, and prospected the research direction in the future.

  Effects of Water Stress on the Growth of Sesum Lineare in Spring 2010, 26 (16):  217-222.  Abstract + ( 1296 )   PDF ( 818474KB )   ( 920 ) In order to investigate the reaction and adaptation of Sesum lineare under water stress , the pot experiment was carried on studying the water stress and rewatering on Sesum lineare growth conditions, the relative water content (RWC) of Sesum lineare tissue, chlorophyll content, Sesum lineare relative membrane permeability, proline content, root vigor and activity of MDA, such as changes in physiological and biochemical indexes.The results indicated that Sesum lineare growth was restrained to some extent and the relative water content continually decreased under serious water stress; chlorophyll content was first increased and then decreased with the increase of water stress, membrane permeability increased during water stress; by the effects of water stress, proline content and MDA increased with the intensity of water stress increasing and reduces with the stress time going on, even the more degree of water stress, the content became higher. After rewatering, the growth condition of Sesum lineare had been markedly improved and a variety of physiological and biochemical indexes of Sesum lineare gradually returned to normal.

  Present research situation and prospect on new kinds of edible fungi’s culture medium 2010, 26 (16):  223-228.  Abstract + ( 1117 )   PDF ( 596657KB )   ( 1973 ) Base on consulting many works on the same subjects, the present research situation of new kinds of edible fungi’s culture medium were analyzed and discussed, main problems of the study were pointed out, the development prospect of new kinds of edible fungi’s culture medium were also prospected by the authors.

  Study on the Diversity of Tree Species in Gardening Plant Communities in YUXI City 2010, 26 (16):  229-233.  Abstract + ( 1118 )   PDF ( 749486KB )   ( 824 ) The weighted average tree species abundance, Simpson index, Shannon index and dominance index were analyzed for natural forest communities, half-natural forest communities and some types of gardening plant communities dominated by trees. The results indicated that the dominance index of the arbor layer is great in the natural forest, the number of dominant of the arbor layer is lower than that in the artificial forest, and the species diversity of the communities in park green spaces is the richest of the three types in the city.

  Effects of Bagging on Sorbitol Metabolism and Related Enzymes Activities in Developing ‘Red Fuji’ Apple Fruits 2010, 26 (16):  234-237.  Abstract + ( 1114 )   PDF ( 722398KB )   ( 889 ) The effects of bagging on sugar contents and related enzyme activities in sorbitol metabolism were studied with ‘Red Fuji’ apple fruits. The results showed that the contents of sucrose, glucose and fructose and SDH activity in bagging fruits almost had the same change tendency as those of control fruits during the whole developmental period. Compared with control, the contents of sucrose, glucose and fructose in bagging fruits was much lower in some extents, however, the contents of sorbitol increased significantly. The results also indicated that fruit bagging greatly decreased SDH activity, but increased SOX activity during the late development period. The results of correlation and linear analysis also showed that the accumulation of fructose had significant correlation with SDH activity. It is concluded that fruit bagging influenced the sugar accumulation through reducing sorbitol metabolism in apple fruit.

  Methods adapt to DNA extraction from seeds and flesh of transgenic apple 2010, 26 (16):  238-241.  Abstract + ( 1004 )   PDF ( 983637KB )   ( 1137 ) In order to find suitable methods for total DNA extraction from seeds and flesh of transgenic apple, Modified CTAB method, SDS method, and High Salt low pH SDS method were applied to transgenic CpTI gene Gala apple. The results showed that reasonable quality DNA could be obtained from seeds by using all three methods applied in this experiment, but the yield of DNA varied from each other. The using of the modified CTAB method generated the highest yield of 0.221 mg?g-1 FW, and the SDS method and High Salt low pH SDS method had the lower yield of 0.053 mg?g-1 FW and 0.034 mg?g-1 FW, respectively. For the DNA extraction from flesh, the using of SDS method had the best result in terms of the DNA quality and yield with the value of A260/ A280 at 1.808 and yield of 0.012 mg?g-1 FW, and the rest of the two methods did not give good result in terms of the DNA quality. It could be concluded that the modified CTAB method was suitable for DNA extraction from transgenic apple seeds and the SDS method was suitable for that from transgenic apple flesh in taking into account both the quality and yield of DNA.

  Studies on the impact of Prunus×Cistena Pissardii chlorophyll a concentration in five kinds of trace elements 2010, 26 (16):  242-245.  Abstract + ( 1113 )   PDF ( 532481KB )   ( 797 ) By studying the five kinds of trace elements on Prunus×Cistena Pissardii leaves chlorophyll a concentration variation of the impact of research, with a view to the development a new purple leaf dwarf cherry liquid special vase to provide theoretical basis for. With growth of 15 leaves of Prunus×Cistena Pissardii new branches as experimental material, containing Mn, Cu, B, Zn, Mo five elements in high Medium and low concentrations of nutrient solution as the reagent, with water as the control culture, repeated three times, measured the1,3,5,7-day chlorophyll a content. Experimental results show that, Mn element would make the chlorophyll a always tended to increase in whole time,other four kinds of elements to show first elevated and then slightly lower, Mn, Cu elements are beneficial to production of chlorophyll a, B, Zn, Mo will lower the chlorophyll a content; The 1,3 days after treatment, Mn, Cu elements chlorophyll a concentration higher than the control, B, Zn, Mo chlorophyll a concentration lower than the control; On the seven days, The results of variance analysis showed that three concentration of Mn treatment was significantly higher than the control, the other four kinds of elements and no significant difference between controls. After comprehensive comparison concludes: The better Prunus×Cistena Pissardii vase liquid formulations in order to contain low concentrations of Mn, Cu elements, higher concentration of B, Zn, Mo elements are better.

  Effects of Fruit Maturity and Ripening on Cherry Tomato Seed Production 2010, 26 (16):  246-249.  Abstract + ( 1145 )   PDF ( 551673KB )   ( 811 ) Abstract: In order to improve the Cherry Tomato seed yield and quality, reduce the cost of F1 seed production. With different maturity and ripening of F1 seed treatment as experimental materials to study the different fruit maturity and ripening cherry tomato seed treatment on yield and quality. The results showed that: Hybrid F1 seed taken by the indoor after-ripening to ripening from half of maturity was the best. Thousand-seed weight, the relevant indexes of seed vigor, growth and development of future generations were equivalent of that of ripening seed, and seed production increased by 12.1%.

  Influences of Apple Fruit broth on Activities of Defense Enzymes and Disease Resistance on Strawberry 2010, 26 (16):  250-255.  Abstract + ( 1152 )   PDF ( 658446KB )   ( 867 ) Abstract: 【OBJECTIVE】Explore the effect of the Apple Fruit broth on inducing resistance of Strawberries to Botrytis cinerea.【METHOD】Sprayed with four strawberries processing, 5 days later Botrytis cinerea were inoculated.6 days after inoculating, disease resistance of different treatments and activity of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and β - 1,3 - glucanase were determined.【RESULTS】The results showed that the Tr2 could not only induce resistance of the strawberries on the Botrytis cinerea, its resistance to disease index reached 34.6%, which was significantly higher than the control. Difference between other treatments was not significant. Sprayed with Tr1,Tr2,Tr3, the activities of POD, PPO were higher than control, activity of β-1, 3 - glucanase appeared earlier. 【CONCLUSION】The mixed liquor of 100-fold diluted apple fruit fermentation broth and 0.02mol/mL salicylic acid could induce the better resistance of the strawberry on the Botrytis cinerea. The effect of 100-fold diluted apple fruit fermentation broth was not significant.

  Research on allelopathic effects of the alien species Oenothera laciniata Hill. 2010, 26 (16):  256-261.  Abstract + ( 1215 )   PDF ( 717380KB )   ( 859 ) Abstract: Allelopathy plays an important role in plants invasion. In this study we determined the effects of aqueous extract of root, stem, leaf and withered leaf from Oenothera laciniata on seed germination and seedling growth in two herbaceous species （Triticum aestivum and Brassicav chinensis）competing directly with it during the early stage of its invasion, and two crops（Conyza canadensis and Veronica persica）. The intensity of allelopathy effect and the affecting to crops were discussed.The relationships between allelopathy and invasiveness were discussed too .The results suggested that Oenothera laciniata has allelochemicals, different concentrations in different plant parts, which comprise most in leaves and root, fewer in stem, and the withered leaves have the fewest. The aqueous extract of Oenothera laciniata could inhibit seed germination and seedling growth in all the four species, and its effect was concentration dependent, increasing with the increase of concentration。The high concentration extract could reduce seed germination rate, germnation speed and radicle growth. Seed germination speed and radicle growth were more sensitive to the extract than others, which might be the most sensitive index to judge allelopathy, among parameters mentioned above. Sensitivity to the aqueous extract was different among the species tested in this study, germination of Veronica persica and seedling growth of Brassica chinensis were the most sensitive，and Triticum aestivum was unsusceptible to extract of Oenothera laciniata.

  Cloning and sequence analyses of the coat protein genes of Watermelon mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus from one mix-infected squash plant 2010, 26 (16):  262-266.  Abstract + ( 1498 )   PDF ( 914790KB )   ( 1050 ) Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were detected from one mix-infected pumpkin（Cucurbita moschata）plants in Liaocheng, Shandong Province. The nucleotide sequences of coat protein (CP) gene and the 3′-untranslated regions (3'-UTR) of WMV (WMV-liaocheng) and CP gene of CMV (CMV-liaocheng) were determined from RT-PCR derived cDNA clones. Compared with sequences of corresponding viruses that are available in the GenBank, the cp genes of WMV-liaocheng and CMV-liaocheng shared similarity of 91.2-98.0%, 77.0-97.9% at nucleotide level, and identity of 96.4-98.5%, 81.2-99.1% at amino acid level, respectively. The phylogenetic trees constructed with the complete nucleotide sequence of the CP genes showed that 18 WMV isolates were clustered into 3 groups and WMV-liaocheng belonged to group Ⅲ; 30 CMV isolates were divided into 2 subgroups, and CMV-liaocheng, Fny, Ixora, O, Y and NT9 were in subgroup I (CMV-I). There were probably recombination event during the evolution of CMV-liaocheng.

  The initial exploration of the interrelationships between one kind of nematode-trapping fungi and other dendrocola fungi 2010, 26 (16):  267-271.  Abstract + ( 1032 )   PDF ( 2233428KB )   ( 748 ) There is a highly complex interaction relationship between the fungi, and then because of the changes in the number of the species of the dendrocola mycoflora, the influence of the change on the nematode-trapping fungi have been in changing. Experimental results show that , no matter whether carrying out the duel culture between A. oligospora and Pestalotiopsisa , A. oligospora and Trichoderma, A. oligospora and Verticillium, or among A. oligospora、Verticillium and Pestalotiopsisa, the growth of A. oligospora is all inhibited. Therefore the above four pairs all have the lower biocontrol value. But when carring out the dual culture among A. oligospora、Trichoderma and Pestalotiopsisa, in most of the time, the growth of A. oligospora is always promoted, when carring out the dual culture between A. oligospora and Verticillium, in some periods, the growth of A. oligospora could be promoted. Therefore, the above two pairs should be able considered to be used in biological control, but the most important thing is to accurately grasp the opportunity.

  Control Effect of Mixed Biopesticide on Aromatic Rice Diseases and Pests in Early Season 2010, 26 (16):  272-276.  Abstract + ( 1067 )   PDF ( 552621KB )   ( 834 ) The control effects of six mixtures of biopesticide and chemical pesticide on leaffolder, yellow borer, chilo suppressalis and rice sheath blight of aromatic rice, Pei-zaruanxiang and Gui-xiangzhan, were studied by using filed experiment. The results showed that the control effects of azadirachtin+Bt+validamycin+dimehypo on leaffolder, yellow borer, chilo suppressalis and rice sheath blight of aromatic rice, Pei-zaruanxiang and Gui-xiangzhan were the best and the yield of aromatic rice was higher, control rates of all diseases and insect pests were over 94%. In addition, for Pei-zaruanxiang, the treatment of azadirachtin+Bt+rotenone+validamycin reduced significantly these disease and pests and guaranteed the yield, control rates were all over 94%; for Gui-xiangzhan, the treatment of azadirachtin+Bt+validamycin had the same effects, the control rate of leaffolder was 93%-96%, the rest were up to 98%.

  Evaluation of field control efficiency of six kinds of newly insecticides on rice leafroller, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis 2010, 26 (16):  281-284.  Abstract + ( 1344 )   PDF ( 525573KB )   ( 1030 ) Field control efficiency of six kinds of newly insecticides on rice leafroller, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis of single-season rice were evaluated in the paper. The results showed that on the 5th day after spraying, control efficiency of 5% methylamino abamectin benzoate 11.25 g (a. i /hm2), 10% avermectins ? flubendiamide 60 mL (a. i /hm2) and 24% metaflumizone 216 mL (a. i /hm2) on C. medinalis were more than 95%, 32% profenofos ? hexaflumuron 288 mL (a. i /hm2), 20% chlorantraniliprole 30 mL (a. i /hm2) and 14.5% methylamino abamectin benzoate ?chlorpyrifos 211.5 mL (a. i /hm2) were 73.5%~83.1%. On the 12th day after spraying, control effects of profenofos ? hexaflumuron and metaflumizone were 74.1%~82.7%, avermectins ? flubendiamide and chlorantraniliprole were 62.9%~65.6%, methylamino abamectin benzoate and methylamino abamectin benzoate ? chlorpyrifos were less than 50%. On the 31st day, except control effect of profenofos ? hexaflumuron and chlorantraniliprole still had about 40%, other insecticides had no control efficacy. Leaf-protecting effects of metaflumizone, chlorantraniliprole, avermectins ? flubendiamide were 68.5%~78% for 5 to 12 days after spraying, and were significantly high than those of methylamino abamectin benzoate, profenofos ? hexaflumuron and methylamino abamectin benzoate ? chlorpyrifos （53.3%~69.9%）. On the 31st day, leaf-protecting effect of methylamino abamectin benzoate and methylamino abamectin benzoate ? chlorpyrifos were lower than 26%, and other insecticides still had 45%~62%.

  Evaluation of Some new introduced sugarcane varieties for Smut Resistance 2010, 26 (16):  285-288.  Abstract + ( 1365 )   PDF ( 558506KB )   ( 938 ) Researches on the smut resistance of the new sugarcane varieties , introduced from home and abroad in recent years, were designed to provide a scientific basis for extending the sugarcane planting in production. Artificial inoculation as well as natural field performance was conducted to evaluate the smut resistance, the results showed that: Taitang88/99, Taitang89/1626 were highly resistant to smut (HR), Ganzhe18 was of the middle resistance(MR), Huguang1, ROC22 and some others 7 ones were of the middle sensitivity to smut (MS), Taitang98/0432, Yunzhe99/601 and other 4 ones were sensitive to smut (S). In terms of the disease resistance and the sugar cane yield, Taitang88/99 was the best, it would be further extended in the demonstration and production; the follows were Huguang1 and Yue96/86, and they would be extended by appropriate cultivation measures in suitable environment.

  A study of temporal and spatial distribution of the agricultural eco-environmental factors in Fujian Province 2010, 26 (16):  289-295.  Abstract + ( 1053 )   PDF ( 1713499KB )   ( 832 ) Index system for the agricultural eco-environmental quality in Fujian was established by 13 indexes closely related to the quality. The spatial variation figures of agricultural eco-environmental factors in every decades based on GIS were made. The factors values on the province ,districts and counties were analysed. The results showed that the majority factors in Fujian was changed into bad with decade and form northwest to southeast of Fujian. Ratio of cultivated area to total acreage, ratio of grassland area to total acreage, ratio of disaster area, farmland areas per person , pesticide input and fertilizer input was changed into bad with decade . Key words: agricultural eco-environment; assessment factors; temporal and spatial distribution ; Fujian Province

  Effects of Maize Stubble mulch amount on soil animal community structure 2010, 26 (16):  296-300.  Abstract + ( 970 )   PDF ( 584988KB )   ( 916 ) Soil animal in Dehui agricultural experiment and demonstration bases of Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology were investigated with 5different straw mulch amount treatment in July and September, 2008. Soil animal were hand-sorted and identified to maize stubble mulch amount. We choose the hand-sorting method to capture the large soil animal, and the Modified Tullgren to capture small soil animal. We have analyzed and identified under a microscope, soil animal. A total of 5336 soil animal individuals was captured and fell into 44 families. Onychiuridae, Hypogastruridae, Chironomidae larvae were the dominant groups that account for 59.51% of the total captured. The result showed that: the amount of maize straw mulch increased soil animal abundance and diversity. Different amount of maize straw mulch on soil animal community structure had a significant impact. The amount of maize straw mulch a direct impact on amount of soil animal diversity.

  An Analysis on the Security of Cultivated Land Resources in Chang-Zhu-Tan City Cluster Based on Two-Oriented Society 2010, 26 (16):  301-308.  Abstract + ( 1082 )   PDF ( 854946KB )   ( 794 ) Abstract:Cultivated land is an important natural resource. it plays an important role in promoting urbanization and industrialization of chang-zhu-tan city cluster(CZT), cultiviland resources security has become a necessary choice and a breakthrough path to a two-oriented society (a resource conserving and environment friendly society).With a evaluation index system has been set up to research the security of regional cultivated land resource from aspects such as resource conservation and friendly environment. At the same time, qualitatively describing the security of cultivated land resources, this article has systematically proposed the technical system and AHP and diagnosis of obstacles research method about the security of regional cultivated land resource.the conclusions are as follows:(1)Cultivated land resources security includes quantity security, quality security, and ecological security, which are integrated as a cultivated resources security system; (2)the security trend of cultivated land resources security varies in overall,quantity,quality and ecology aspect, the cultivated land resources security level of Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster has wholly been declining from 1990-2007, which means that the overall situation of cultivated land resources security in Chang-Zhu-Tan was worrisome;(3)The obstacle factors influencing the security are different in the research period: at the beginning of the period is improper economic development, population increase and urbanization level etc, the influent factors of middle stage are low farmer per captia net income and per capita cultivated land output, and the factors of last phase are excess pollutants emissions ect.

  Analysis of genetic diversity of Tibet wild rape germplasms based on plant morphology 2010, 26 (16):  309-314.  Abstract + ( 980 )   PDF ( 645405KB )   ( 875 ) Abstract:Morphologic diversity of fifty wild rape germplasms collected from Lhasa,Shannan,Rikaze,Chandou and thirty-eight counties in Tibet was analysized and abundant diversity was detected among them. The highest variability coefficient is 72.04% and diversity coefficient is 0.9821. The top six major components represent 85.19% morphologic diversity of wild rape germplasms in Tibet by analysis of major component. There is relativity to some extent as well as a significant diversity among morphologic traits of major components. Through unweighted-pair group method clustering based on morphologic traits, five groups can be classified as the intercept is 1.61, which is related to plant height, number of branches and siliques, and branching framework etc. The results indicate that there is significant genetic variance and abundant diversity about morphologic traits among Tibet wild rape germplams, which helps to unravel genetic basis of Tibet rape germplasm as well as to apply them.

  The Analysis of Spacial Distribution Characteristics of Rural Settlement in Shijiao Town Based on GIS 2010, 26 (16):  315-320.  Abstract + ( 1212 )   PDF ( 1350146KB )   ( 1232 ) [OBJECTIVE] Study on the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlement.[ METHOD] On the basis of the materials such as 1:2000 present land use map and Topographical map of Baiyun village, Xinnong village, Zhaimen village of Shijiao town in Qijiang County of Chongqing. In the ArcGIS 9?2 platform, this paper quantificationally analyses the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlement. [CONCLUSION] In the studied areas, the size of the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlement is small and disequilibrium with ribbon pattern and round shapes. The spatial distribution characteristic of rural settlement is obviously affected by natural environment and distribution of torpograrhy. Most settlements are far away from road and road network is incomplete.

  Effects on livestock diversity of naban valley Nature Reserve 2010, 26 (16):  321-326.  Abstract + ( 1029 )   PDF ( 697787KB )   ( 795 ) Livestock diversity is material basis of animal husbandry development, variety genetic resources of livestock diversity has been studied, but researches about factors which affect livestock diversity are very few. We made an investigation on factors which affect livestock diversity of Na Ban river basin natural reserve in this text. The result showed that factors affecting livestock diversity consist of five aspects: physical environment (elevation), the type of land utilization, social environment, humanistic education, disease prevention and control as well as scientific raising technology.

  Effect of Contamination of Chlorobenzene on Rice Growth and Food Safety of Rice 2010, 26 (16):  327-331.  Abstract + ( 1116 )   PDF ( 707629KB )   ( 825 ) Take rice line Ha04-34 as varieties in this study, which cultivated in pot and putted in climatic cabinate, effect of contamination of chlorobenzene on rice growth, yield traits and food security were studied. The results were as follows: effect of chlorobenzene on rice growth were restraining rice growth and delaying heading and maturity. The paddy, when concentration of chlorobenzene was above 243 times of state standard in irrigating water, could not cultivated rice, and it had not detected chlorobenzene residue in seed only the rice could to maturity.

  Typical steppe zone energy balance closure analysis of the growing season 2010, 26 (16):  332-336.  Abstract + ( 861 )   PDF ( 804110KB )   ( 872 ) According to the National Climate Observatory Xilinhot 2007 ~ 2009 growing season (from May to September) continuous turbulent flux and radiation monitoring data, combined with synchronous meteorological data, using linear regression, the ratio energy balance method in different weather conditions in the region the energy balance closure was analyzed, results showed that: sunny growing season, the energy balance ratio of 99.0%, average daily energy balance ratio of 66.7%; growing season, the energy balance ratio of 110.3% cloudy days, effective energy is less than turbulent energy, average daily energy balance ratio of 64.3 %, there is the phenomenon of energy is not closed.

  Study on Pollen Morphology of Potentilla Species in Daqing Area 2010, 26 (16):  337-340.  Abstract + ( 1042 )   PDF ( 1895868KB )   ( 918 ) The plant pollen which is conservative and stable on genetic has great significance for the study on plant classification, origin and evolution. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscope(SEM) were used to compare the pollen grains of nine kinds of Potentilla species in Daqing area. The pollen grains shows many similarity through optical microscopy and 4000×scanning electron microscope. Through 8000×scanning electron microscope, it was showed three types of surface strip decoration of non-double-edge ridge ornamentation, multi - groove ridge strip motif and non-groove strip，the width of ridge is from 0.11μm to 0.29μm and the width between ridges is from 0.37μm to 0.78μm,continuously or discontinuously ridges. There were holes or microparticle on the surface and the colporate shapes were linear and fractured. The evolution trend concluded by the 9 kinds of Potentilla species pollen study of system evolution and classification was consistent with the traditional classification trend.

  An Relation Analysis of Summer Corn Output and Meteorological Factors Puyang 2010, 26 (16):  341-344.  Abstract + ( 1041 )   PDF ( 633529KB )   ( 992 ) On basis of linear regression and correlation analysis, the relation between the yield per unit of summer corn and meteorological factor are comprehensive analyzed according to 40 years data from 1970 to 2009. The results indicate: the meteorological wave index of summer corn is 0.139, which hold the 35.51% in the coefficient of variation (0.3914) on actual output, and weather factor are the principal impact factor of summer corn output. The wave of summer corn output are mainly influenced by the rainfall in the middle ten days of June and the last ten days of August, and the temperature in the last ten days of August and the first ten days of September, as well as the sun hours in the first ten days of July and August. Some phenomenon need to be paid attention to such as the drought in the sowing time in the first and middle ten days of June, and in the shooting period in the first ten days of July, as well as the waterlog in the pollination period of flowering in the first ten days of August.

  Correlation and path analysis between main agronomic characters on Coix lacryma-jobi L. 2010, 26 (16):  349-352.  Abstract + ( 1173 )   PDF ( 514976KB )   ( 899 ) 10 major quantitative traits of 12 Coix germplasms from different regions were analysed through path and principal component analysis. The results showed growth period are highly significant positive correlation with plant height, stem floret number, section number and grain weight, but highly significant negative correlation with the number of florets and grains per spike. The negative effects are greater than positive effects in those varieties with long growth period. Growth period, the floret number of main stem and seed setting rates are the main factor affecting yield per plant, and floret number of main stem made the greatest contribution.

  Comparative Analysis on the Salt Tolerance of 8 Palms Seedlings 2010, 26 (16):  362-369.  Abstract + ( 946 )   PDF ( 1334859KB )   ( 783 ) Abstract: 8 palms seedlings, such as date palm (Phoenix canariensis) and coconut (Hyophorbe verschaffeltii), were cultivated in soils with different salinity and their relations between growth and soil salinity were investigated. Suitable, critical and limit values of soil salinity for seedling growth were determined by analyzing relative plant growth and productivity under salt stress. Palm seedlings were divided into 3 types based on the relation curves between their growth and soil salinity: type of stimulation under low salinity; type of linear negatively correlation; type of susceptivity under low salinity. The tolerance ability to salt stress went down as follows: Phoenix canariensis, Hyophorbe verschaffeltii, Dypsis decaryi, Ravenea rivularis, Dictyosperma album, Roystonea regia, Latania lontanoides and Wodyetia bifurcata. Our results provide experimental supports for application of palm plants to coastal areas of southern China.

  Comprehensive Utilization of Bagasse: State of the Art 2010, 26 (16):  370-375.  Abstract + ( 1202 )   PDF ( 576547KB )   ( 2683 ) Abstract: This paper presents a review of the research and development for comprehensive utilization of bagasse in the last two decades, mainly expounds to use bagasse as the festocks for ruminants feed manufacture, edible fungi cultivation, extracting functional food from, biological gasification and liquefaction, development of high performance adsorption material, green solvent pulping and value adding utilization of solvent extracted lignin, production of high-density fiberboard and thermal chemical liquefaction, gasification and indirect liquefaction by Fischer-Tropsch reaction. On the base of these situations, a future development view of bagasse refining is prospected.

  Using Remote Sensing Data to Monitor Dynamic Changes of Nature Reserve of the Yellow River Delta 2010, 26 (16):  376-381.  Abstract + ( 1061 )   PDF ( 2920208KB )   ( 787 ) Water and sand had been regulated and controlled in the whole Huanghe watershed since 1999. In 2002 wetland restoration engineering began to done in order to protect and restore the wetland ecosystems of nature reserve of Yellow River Delta. Use Landsat archive images (acquired on Aug. 28, 1999, on Aug. 9, 2001, on Oct. 28, 2004, on July 11, 2005, and on Oct. 2, 2006) and HJ-1B CCD data (acquired on Oct. 2, 2008) to monitor the dynamic land use/land cover changes (LUCC) of nature reserve of Yellow River Delta. The present results show that the image quality of HJ-1A/B CCD data is similar to that of Landsat TM, which is explicit enough to meet the needs for monitoring LUCC, and with wetland restoration engineering, wetland development and utilization increasing only 14.95% of Suaeda meadow, 39.96% of Chinese tamarisk shrubs, 22.21% of Reed swamp and 3.77% of Reed meadow had kept no change in the recent ten years, and in 2001 and 2004 landscape fragmentation was relatively severe, and to 2004 the relatively unchanged areas of four types of natural vegetation communities were rapidly decreased, and in the recent ten years the regions in which the inverse succession happened were 2.07-fold that of progressive succession, which reflected ecological fragility of Yellow River Delta. Scientific managements on wetland ecosystem of nature reserve of Yellow River Delta should be done.

  The construction and application of FishBase database 2010, 26 (16):  382-387.  Abstract + ( 1916 )   PDF ( 750134KB )   ( 1399 ) With regard to the biodiversity of living things, FishBase is one of the largest databases in scope and extension .Up to now, FishBase has collected information on 31 000 fish species, covering their biology, ecology, taxonomy, population dynamics, genetics, physiological characteristics and economic values, bearing a high scientific and practical value. China became the ninth consortium member in 2007. The main function and structure of FishBase are summarized and analyzed in this paper. Different retrieval ways are also introduced, with an aim to assist research institutes and related enterprises with retrieval techniques and to provide technological support for the aquaculture industry. It is expected that the database would be better and more effectively used by research institutes and enterprises.

  Design for fish pond monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks 2010, 26 (16):  388-392.  Abstract + ( 1338 )   PDF ( 1197691KB )   ( 1709 ) In this paper, a real-time online monitoring system for fish ponds was designed based on wireless sensor networks to overcome the disadvantage of the observed of traditional means in fish ponds, such as time-consuming and laborious, step complexity and high cost. The system is integrated sensor modules and communication modules. In the monitoring area of fish ponds ,we could get temperature and dissolved oxygen by wireless sensor nodes, and used zigbee network data to transmit to the terminal control system.The terminal control system made judgments and sent alarm signal,at the same time controlled working condition of the oxygen machine. The system,which has MSP430 and XBEE moudle as the core chips,can real-time online and intelligently monitor parameters in fish ponds, such as temperature,dissolved oxygen and so on. Further that the system can be further expanded to use the GPRS or 3G networks to achieve remote monitoring and control.

  Analysis of the communicator selection and its influencing factors on agricultural market information 2010, 26 (16):  393-397.  Abstract + ( 1041 )   PDF ( 567534KB )   ( 718 ) In the situation of current agricultural information construction of china, it became the key issue that how to resolve the dissemination problem of information between provider and demander. In the light of farmers’ perspective, this study illustrate the farmers’ demand for the communicator of agricultural market information. By using with the method of optimal scaling regression, we analyzed the factors influencing farmers’ expected choices. It found out that the informal communicators were the main choice while it gained very low evaluation. On the other side, the formal communicators such as government departments and science technology sectors are the most expected selections. The study indicated that there three main factors significantly affected farmers’ selections referring with the farmers’ ground characteristics which namely as following: age, regional distribution and the farming duration. Meanwhile, other three most important factors about the communicators’ characteristics, which were policy convenience, reasonable price and timely service, also significantly affect farmers’ choice. Finally, appropriate policy recommendations were draw out.

  The Model Analysis of Influence Factors of the Potential of Grain Production in Jilin Province 2010, 26 (16):  398-402.  Abstract + ( 1136 )   PDF ( 598138KB )   ( 900 ) This paper first analyzes the factors which influence the grain increase production of Jilin province，and considers the factors as independent Variables. By Employing revised C—D production function to establish a model the study analyze the grain production and the factors that affect the production of Jilin province (1985-2003). By doing so, we know the influence of all kinds of factors. We also get the contribution rates of all factors during the past 19 years. And then put forward strategies of cultivating the potential of grain production Jilin province.

  Design and Implementation of Based on B/S Architecture of The Rural Finance Monitoring and Analysis System 2010, 26 (16):  403-408.  Abstract + ( 984 )   PDF ( 804163KB )   ( 727 ) There exist several key problems in the rural financial supervision, and it is important to take it under supervision. A rural financial supervision analysis system is put forward. The system is based on B/S structure and the technical program is given here. The system development method, system features and its technological innovation are introduced in detail. This system has been applied to Panyu District and got a good result.

  The agricultural civilization between the Qin and the Zhao determines the victory or defeat at the battle of Changping 2010, 26 (16):  409-411.  Abstract + ( 1049 )   PDF ( 476558KB )   ( 822 ) During the Warring States Period, all the states were striving for hegemony. Agricultural became the foundation of a state. By comparing the characteristics of agriculture between the Qin and the Zhao and analyzing the effect the agricultural civilization had on the two states at the battle of Changping, we can conclude that in the competition for economic strength and overall national strength, it's not as simple as that Zhao Kuo's armchair strategy determined the victory or defeat. However, with special historical and geographical factors and the different purposes of land ownership between the two states, the gap between agricultural civilization led to the Qin's defeat of the Zhao at the battle of Changping and even the inevitable outcome of the Qin annexing the Zhao.

  Application Study of Flash animation on peasants’ popular science education 2010, 26 (16):  411-415.  Abstract + ( 1044 )   PDF ( 580231KB )   ( 951 ) The Flash animation is one of the most common form and realization methods in digital popular science education. Taking Flash’s advantages on technology, production and broadcasting into account, a brand new educational mode on basis of rural families was proposed to improve farmers’ science and culture quality.Investigations were carried out on current educational methods and forms at Beijing suburb，which is followed by a comparison study on the target users and the actual effect of Flash animation on popular science education. As a conclusion, a new pattern for popular science education is proposed, which takes the family as a unit and the Flash animation as a carrier. This is also expected to supplement the existing farmer educational forms. Some concrete promotion measures are also proposed at the end.

  Resources Analysis of biomass stations in the North of Miyun Reservoir and Measurment of the collecting Radium 2010, 26 (16):  416-419.  Abstract + ( 1057 )   PDF ( 526099KB )   ( 752 ) Abstract:Forest biomass energy is important in Beijing suburb, especially in Miyun water protection areas.This article is to solve the material problems of forest biomass station in the north of Miyun Reservoir. Method of field survey, modeling accounting and estimating for investment were adopted and used the Xizhuangzi forest station as a case study. The result showed that the average resource collectiong semidiameter of this forest station is 5.6 kilometre and the average rational collectiong semidiameter is 6.4 kilometre. According to this conclusion, 3 biomass stations should be constructed in the north part of Miyun water protection areas.

  Quantitative Evaluation Study of Tang Shan Sports Tourism Resources Based On AHP 2010, 26 (16):  420-423.  Abstract + ( 1417 )   PDF ( 589941KB )   ( 871 ) Abstract: Sports tourism as a distinctive, emerging tourism industry gets more and more pursuit and concerns. Due to a comprehensive understanding to the values and development potential of sports tourism resources in Tang shan City, this paper establishes the sports tourism resources evaluation system according to the national evaluation standards of tourism resources. It combines the Delphi method, and AHP method. On this basis, each monomer sports tourism resource in Tang shan is evaluated quantitatively. This paper provides a scientific data support and reference for development of sports and sports tourism industry in Tang shan.

  Application of the Participatory Rural Appraisal in Village-level poverty reduction plan in Nanzhao --Taking NanZhao Country in HeNan Province as An Example 2010, 26 (16):  424-429.  Abstract + ( 1197 )   PDF ( 628378KB )   ( 1024 ) Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is a sound system about the development theory of rural ,which is contribute to exert famers’s dominant position in the poverty reduction program. In this paper, embarks from the participatory assessment's concept and the methods research, taking Nanzhao County as an example ,acceptes the methods of villagers interview and problem tree-type to analysis the outstanding problems restricted the poor areas.Combining with SWOT analysis,proposed appropriate poverty program and draw up a village-level development strategies.

  Analysis on Construction Mechanism for Technology Innovation Platform in Professional Town 2010, 26 (16):  430-434.  Abstract + ( 1074 )   PDF ( 576497KB )   ( 935 ) Construction of the important carrier, technology innovation platform in professional town, has important practical significance. It helps to solve common industrial technical problems in professional town. It helps to improve the ability of independent innovation for SMEs. It helps to promote the industrial structure optimizated and upgraded and industrial agglomeration, then ultimately achieve the sustainable economic development in professional town. This paper first analyzes the concept of technology innovation platform in professional town, platform structure and the internal relations. Then analysis the construction mechanism of technology innovation platform in professional town thoroughly. And propose construction of mechanisms such as the non-zero cooperative game; complementary strengths to create synergies; resource sharing, risk-sharing; cooperation innovation, saving transaction costs construction of mechanism. It provides a theoretical basis for construction of technology innovation platform in professional town, also for the design of operating mechanism and safeguards arrangements.

  Countryside resident expends growth and the consumption structure change in Jilin Province 2010, 26 (16):  435-437.  Abstract + ( 1047 )   PDF ( 551930KB )   ( 1049 ) The countryside resident expends total quantity is increasing with the Jilin Province countryside resident may control income growth during 1986-2007 years, at the same time, its consumption structure turns by originglly food expense primarily to food, the attire, the housewares, the medical service, the transportation correspondence, the recreation, the housing, miscellaneous and so on each expense equalizing expense. Then whether between expense total quantity swift growth and consumption structure diversification have the relation, and what relation have they? This article finds that the expend total quantity growth is the important reason that promotes the consumption structure diversification through the empirical study.

  Sustainable development of Building Beijing new socialist countryside Based on the Low-Carbon Economy 2010, 26 (16):  438-441.  Abstract + ( 916 )   PDF ( 529588KB )   ( 1045 ) "Low carbon economy" concept is from the United Kingdom put forward in white book "our future sources of energy establishes low carbon economy " first, it's target is to slow down climate change and to promote human being's sustainable development. Low carbon agricultural economy is able to cut down an agriculture discharging large amount of greenhouse gas, answers the threat that the climate changes to the agriculture, realizes and new capital rural area sustainable development. The author converges from low carbon estate, low carbon agriculture , low carbon industry, low carbon environment, carbon low carbon of subtraction carbon five aspect put forward agricultural economy is in the Sustainable development of Building Beijing new socialist countryside.

  Strategical Exploration of Gradual Development Based on Equal Attention to Urban and Rural Areas in China 2010, 26 (16):  442-445.  Abstract + ( 1159 )   PDF ( 484422KB )   ( 659 ) On the bases of harmony between urbanization and rural construction, strategical priorities of different regions in China were suggested respectively in this paper as follows. It is prior to enhance the quality of urbanization in the East, while to pay equal attention to urbanization and rural construction in the Middle, and to stress the construction of new countryside in the West.

  Analyzing Fiscal Policy Assitting Agriculture of Zhejiang and Scale Optimization 2010, 26 (16):  446-449.  Abstract + ( 1346 )   PDF ( 597915KB )   ( 875 ) Agricultural and the rural economy development cannot leave the fund assitting, the finance to the agricultural investment are important capital source of the“three agriculture”development.The paper using many statistical data analyzed the level of the fiscal policy for assisting agriculture with the economic society development,the financial revenue increasing of Zhejiang, but the level of financial assitting agriculture is still low,therefore it is vital to determine reasonably the scale of the financial assitting agriculture for the practical significance and the economical significance. The paper unifies the economic quantity model, has discussed the reasonable scale of Zhejiang finance assitting agriculture.

  The Problems and Solutions in Agricultural products processing industry cluster of technological innovation ---- Of Heilongjiang Province as an example 2010, 26 (16):  450-453.  Abstract + ( 927 )   PDF ( 521675KB )   ( 693 ) As an important organizational form,Agricultural products processing industry cluster in the agricultural and rural economic development, play an important role in economic development, while technical innovation is the source of sustainable development on the industrial clusters. Therefore, the study of technological innovation in promoting the development of agro-processing industry cluster is great significance. In this paper, we find some problems on technological innovation of the agricultural product processing industry cluster in Heilongjiang Province and Proposed countermeasures to solve the problem.

  Analysis of The Relation Between Agricultural Policy and Urban-Rural Income Gap in China 2010, 26 (16):  454-458.  Abstract + ( 1079 )   PDF ( 543294KB )   ( 883 ) In recent years the farmers income and living standard has been raised greatly, but obvious gap still exists between urban and rural areas and it is also being enlarged. There are historical and policy reasons for the formation of the income gap. Through reviewing the present situation of the urban-rural incom gap, the writer tries to analyze the reasons for the enlargement of income gap from the view of agricultural policy and offers some countermeasures to narrow the gap.