Current issue

• 2009 Vol.25 No.1 Published:05 January 2009

  畜牧兽医科学

  Study of wheat straw treated with different ammoniated methods on heifer fattening 2009, 25 (1):  1-4.  Abstract + ( 1468 )   PDF ( 503304KB )   ( 977 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Different ammoniated methods were used for wheat straw in order to improve its nutritive value, 【METHOD】then the straw were fed the heifer to study its feeding effects.【RESULTS】 The result showed that: the treat of multi-ammoniated wheat straw was the most effective, the CP content, and ADG increased by 111.40%, and 45.28% than control group respectively, DMI increased significantly(P<0.05), the feedstuff cost (per kg gain) decreased by 25.04% than control group.【CONCLUSION】It was recommended to extend multi-ammoniated wheat straw so that accelerating the development of cattle industry.

  Study on pre-immunity technology application of hog cholera vaccine on piglet 2009, 25 (1):  5-7.  Abstract + ( 1796 )   PDF ( 402243KB )   ( 805 ) At present in practice of hog cholera preventing and controlling ,the effect of ultra pre-immunity to antibody level change and protection still existence dispute in the four latter nest piglets.Four nests Duroc×Landrace×Large White piglets with similar breed ,age and fetus frequency were selected ,five piglets of each nest were used to test ultra pre—immunity and pick venous blood in the age of 20,30,40,and 60 days , hog cholera detection kit of IDEXX company were also used to detect blocking rate of hog cholera.The result showed that after ultra pre—immunity , strengthen another hog cholera vaccine in the age of 50 days can perform a good protection to piglets.

  Genotype detection of ESBLs 2009, 25 (1):  8-11.  Abstract + ( 1785 )   PDF ( 488607KB )   ( 662 ) 【Objective】In order to overcome drug resistance of the ESBLs producing bactera ，to instruct the veterinary drug,use in clinic。【Method】 Five Enterobacteriaceaes isolated from swine and chicken , tested for ESBL by double –disk methord, were studied ESBLs gene type with amplified by PCR .【Result】the ESBLs producing bactera amplified by PCR with TEM-type down-object while SHV-type down –object did not.【Conclusion】ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceaes from swine and avian have not exchanged resistant gene through plasmid in china.

  Isolation, Identification and Serotyping of E.coli of Chicken Periheptosis in the Southern Area of Hebei Province 2009, 25 (1):  12-16.  Abstract + ( 1843 )   PDF ( 811254KB )   ( 632 ) Determination of biochemical characteristics, O-antigen identification, drug sensitivity test were studied on the 132 pathogenic E.coli that isolated from the typical periheptosis of chickens in Handan city , Xingtai city, Shijiazhuang city, Hengshui city, Cangzhou city in Hebei Province between March 2003 and April 2008. The results show that 132 isolates are in correspondence with biochemical characteristics of pathogenic E. coli. We have identified 103 strains which belong to 25 O-antigen types with 55 kinds of single-factor positive serum and the rate of the isolated strains was 78.03% (103/132).The drug sensitivity test used by O1, O21, O65, O78, O93 serotype of 15 strains (each serotype selected three different sources of strain) that confirmed most strains high sensitivity to amikacin, mid-sensitivity to ceftriaxone, and sulfa-metronidazole to tolerance.

  Detection of two virulence determinants and phenotypes of Swine- derived enterococci 2009, 25 (1):  17-20.  Abstract + ( 1666 )   PDF ( 520967KB )   ( 664 ) Abstract: Objective：To investigate the incidence of two virulence determinants and two phenotypes in 53 strains of enterococci derived Swine. Methods：PCR were used to detect the two virulence determinants in 53 isolates . The two phenotypes , including β-hemolysis and gelatin hydrolyze,were performed on agar plate containing 50mL/L rabbit blood and agar plate supplemented with 30g/L gelatin respectively. Results：In E.faecalis, E.faecium and E.avium, the rates of detection of the two virulence determinants were cylA 94.4%、96.9%、100%, gelE 100%、87.87%、50% , the β -hemolysis was 72.2%、42.4%、0 , the gelatin hydrolyze was 100%、0、0. Conclusions：cylA and gelE are the main virulence determinants in enterococcui derived swine. E. faecalis possess more virulence determinants and phenotypes than E. faecium. E. faecalis derived fresh pork possess stronger virlence determinants indicate we must pay attention to food sanitation. 2 strains E.avium were detected in fresh pork and E.avium possess low virulence by detection of Phenotype and Genotype.

  Study on in vitro antifungal activity of thymol 2009, 25 (1):  21-24.  Abstract + ( 1859 )   PDF ( 490515KB )   ( 950 ) Candida albicans (C. albicans) and other fungi an important human and veterinary pathogens. At present, the application of effective clinical drugs are limited, because the drugs have high toxicity and are easy to have a resistance that are causing the rate of relapse and re-infection rate significantly increased and a number of adverse reactions. There was an urgent need to develop high-performance, low toxicity of new drug against resistant fungi. The minimal inhibitory concentration of thymol (THY) tested against clinical trichophyton rubrum strain BMU 01672, Saccharomyces cerevisiae standard strain and 24 clinical C. albicans, and checkerboard assay was used to analyzed the ractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of THY/FLC, THY/AMB. The result showed that THY had good antifungal activity, and THY/FLC and THY/AMB showed synergism in antifungal interaction.

  农业生物技术科学

  Study on the Genetic Effects of Quality Traits in Naturally Colored Cotton 2009, 25 (1):  25-29.  Abstract + ( 1517 )   PDF ( 575476KB )   ( 698 ) Fifteen F1 combinations crossed among 5 naturally colored cotton and 1 fiber white cotton different in yield components or fiber quality parameters according to half diallel crossing design (6×5/2) were used to evaluate the genetic effects of fiber quality. The experiment data processing was conducted by using additive-dominant genetic model (Zhu, 1997). The main results were as follows: The fiber length of naturally colored cotton was mainly controlled by the additive effects and could be improved by selection in early generations. While the fiber strength, the uniformity ration, the fiber elongation and micronaire were controlled by additive effects and dominant effects equivalently, and the improvement would be better for these traits by selecting in later generation. The heritability of the fiber quality parameters were 9.58% (fiber elongation) ~ 87.01% (fiber length). The relationships among uniformity ration, fiber strength and fiber length with positive additive correlations mainly could mainly be used in indirect selection of colored cotton breeding.

  Research Advances In Genetic Enginerring of Resistance to Plant Virus 2009, 25 (1):  30-38.  Abstract + ( 1530 )   PDF ( 1002846KB )   ( 1038 )

  Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Chinese cherry Taishanganying（Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl.） 2009, 25 (1):  39-41.  Abstract + ( 1657 )   PDF ( 493593KB )   ( 588 ) Experiment was conducted with the dormancy buds of Taishanganying, the effect of plant growth regulators on the initial culture、multiplication and root regeneration were analyzed and studied. The results showed that on the medium of MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+IBA0.1 mg/L the best of clump shoot was inducted; MS medium with 0.5mg/L 6-BA and 0.1mg/L ZT was the most suitable for the propagation of Taishanganying and the propagation rate reached 6.8times.The effective number of new shoot was up to 80.2%.On the other hand,the good medium to induce root was 1/2 MS+IBA 0.5mg/Lwith 80% of rooting rate and 4.54cm of average root length. test-tube saplings having taken root were ransplanted in soil texture hased on river sand and turf.Small arch plastic shed in conservatory kept moisture and temperature ,the survival rate of transplant came up to more than 70%.

  Solubilization Capacity of Insoluble Phosphates and it`s Growth of Biomass 2009, 25 (1):  42-46.  Abstract + ( 1518 )   PDF ( 544779KB )   ( 816 ) one Phosphate solubilizing fungi named F2 was cultured in shake flasks containing the media with Ca3 (PO4)2 or lecithin as the only P source for 132 hours, with the temperature is 25℃ and the shaking speed is 180r/min,in different time, determine the pH、the concentration of dissoluble phosphorous、the weight of mycelium and the absorbed concentration of phosphorous by F2.The results showed that with the cultured of fungi F2, the pH value of the liquid fermentation has dropped, the ability of dissolving phosphate has increased, the weight of mycelium has increased. The results showed that the concentration of dissoluble phosphorous was negatively correlated with pH; the pH was negatively correlated with the weight of mycelium;F2 was well in dissoluble abiophosphorous; after shaking 108h,F2 was mature ,then it’s good for dissoluble phosphorous.

  Optimization on SSR Reaction System of Hevea brasiliensis 2009, 25 (1):  47-50.  Abstract + ( 1622 )   PDF ( 724763KB )   ( 756 ) Abstract: Five main factors which affected SSR-PCR reaction: TaqDNA polymerase, Mg2+, primer, template DNA and dNTPs were studied with the Hevea brasiliensis plant material Zhenxuan 2 to screen the optimal reaction system. It was indicated by the results that the optimal reaction system of SSR-PCR for Hevea brasiliensis was 20 ul of total reaction volume containing 0.8 units of TaqDNA polymerase, 1.5mmol•L-1 of Mg2+, 0.5μmol•L-1 of primer, 0.25 mmol•L-1 of dNTPs and 50 ng template DNA. Fourteen plant materials, one primer pair and 8% polyacrylamidegel were selected to detect the reaction system. The results seemed that the optimal system was stable and credible which can build the basis on further study, e.g. genetic diversity assessment and construction of fingerprint etc. Key words: Hevea brasiliensis, simple sequence repeat (SSR),optimization

  Progress on Research of Rapid Propagation of Pinellia ternata 2009, 25 (1):  51-55.  Abstract + ( 1850 )   PDF ( 733051KB )   ( 847 ) Pinellia ternate(Thunb.)Breit. is a kind of Chinese medical herbs which is commonly used in China. The developing of relative medical industry has led to a dramatic decreasing of the amount of wild Pinellia ternate. The lack of the seeds resource and quality degradation of the seeds are the main reasons that Pinellia ternata hasn’t been planted in large scale. The latest progress is summarized about the establishment of rapid propagation system of Pinellia ternate. The elements, which have crucial effects on tissue culture, including materials, culture mediums, additive and cultural approaches are analyzed. This article preliminarily discusses some relative questions of tissue culture and presents the future developing prospect of the artificial seeds.

  Genetic Diversity Revealed by SSR Markers of the main Tobacco Cultivars in Yunnan 2009, 25 (1):  56-62.  Abstract + ( 2145 )   PDF ( 634447KB )   ( 806 ) SSR marker is the ideal techniques for analysis of plant genetic diversity. In this study the genetic diversity among 13 main cultivars in Yunnan province were measured using these tobacco SSR markers which published recently. 92 SSR located on 24 tobacco linkage groups were screened, among which 20 were polymorphic. Fifty-two alleles were amplified in 13 cultivars using these 20 SSR primer pairs, with 2.6 alleles per primer pair. The genetic distance (GD) in 13 tobacco cultivars was calculated based on the SSR marker polymorphism, ranging from 0.0090-0.4286, with the average of 0.2237. This result indicates the genetic variation of these cultivars were very little. Tobacco SSR markers can be used to analyze effectively the genetic diversity of tobacco germplasms and of great value for molecular genetic mapping and marker assisted selection in tobacco breeding. Key words: tobacco cultivars SSR markers Genetic diversity.

  食品科学

  Research of Several kinds of factors on balgfrucht sugar cane to guarantee- water influence 2009, 25 (1):  63-66.  Abstract + ( 1488 )   Sugarcane is a kind of sweet fruit which has an unique and special flavour, it possesses the function of quenching one’s thirst, antialcoholic, clearing away heat and toxic material and it is benefit for urine, meanwhile, it is one of the most favorable food. In this experiment, the storage period is extended through the way of controling tempreture, keeping materials fresh, in addition, keeping the Ph value and humidity level after chopping the peels. Furthermore, in this experiment, the chopped sugarcane should be stored at the tempreture of 10 C belove zero and the humidity level of 90%, besides, it should be packed with B preservative film, for which is good at keeping water and storing

  Tobacco major chemical constituents in different baking 2009, 25 (1):  67-69.  Abstract + ( 1469 )   PDF ( 356837KB )   ( 699 ) In order to explore the accumulation of flue-cured tobacco leaf-scattered baking technology，The effects of different breathing equipment-intensive methods in the process of curing tobacco major chemical constituents of the dynamic changes．The result indicated that: tobacco hangs 、 tobacco clamping、leaf-scattered With three forms of tobacco curing process，leaf-scattered baking the accumulation of high pre-amylase activity, decreased activity in the latter part of relatively slow, after the end of tobacco curing the lower starch content; Chlorophyll degradation, tobacco hangs and tobacco clamping curing 24 hours before the drop by more obvious, leaf-scattered powder in 12 hours of the degradation of speed has not tobacco hangs and tobacco clamping, Degradation speed up after 12 hours; protein content of both the slow downward trend.

  农业基础科学

  Correlation, Multiple Regression and Path Analysis between Yield Traits and Yield on Intersubspecific Hybrid Rice 2009, 25 (1):  70-72.  Abstract + ( 1561 )   PDF ( 370258KB )   ( 689 ) The constitutions of panicle, grain and grain weight of intersubspecific hybrid rice as single cropping late rice in different yield levels were used to make correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and path analysis between yield traits and yield. Then the high-yielding and high-resulting cultural techniques were promoted as follows: based on certain number of effective panicle number, seed setting rate should be improved and large panicles should be put emphasis on, at the same time, grain weight should be taken into consideration.

  Preliminary Study on Bioactivity of Four Secondary Metabolites of Sabina vulgaris Ant. 2009, 25 (1):  73-75.  Abstract + ( 1580 )   PDF ( 418701KB )   ( 663 ) This article conducted a preliminary test on the insecticidal, antibacterial and allelopathic activity of the four compounds——podophyllotoxin, deoxypodophyllotoxin, 4-epi-abietal and abieta-7,13-dien-3-one that isolated from Sabina vulgaris Ant. The results showed that 4-epi-abietal and abieta-7,13-dien-3-one had strong antifeeding activity and certain toxicity against Mythimna separata Walker, Plutella xylostella Linnaeus and Pieris rapae L.. And podophyllotoxin and deoxy podophyllotoxin exhibited good antibacterial activity against Phytophthora capsici Leon, Botrytis cirerea Pers. and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. Allelopathic activity showed that podophyllotoxin against root of A.retroflexus.L. and Avena fatua , deoxypodophyllotoxin against root of A.retroflexus.L., Avena fatua and Veronica persica had good inhibition effect, the inhibating rates were more than 80%.

  The mathematical analysis of leaf blade morphological characters about Muberry breed variety resource in xinjiang 2009, 25 (1):  76-79.  Abstract + ( 1373 )   PDF ( 420938KB )   ( 519 ) The leaf morphological characters about 60 muberry breed varieties which have local features were analysised in xinjiang in this study.the results of the analysis about its principal constitute，clustering and discriminatory shows that the different characters between materials up to extremely significant level(p>0.01); principal component analysis pick out three principal components that are leaf length，leaf width and morphous factor， Contribution rate of variance accumulation up to 67.99%;at the base of cluster analysis，we choice some parameters as area， length，width， perimeter， ratio of length and width， leaf thickless，leaf weight and morphous factor which have the extremely remarkable affection to the leaf blade morphological characters by discriminatory analysis，meanwhile we established six discrimination model that has higher discriminating power.

  林业科学

  Study on the relationship between spermatophyte diversity in Nanyue nature reserve area and its vicinities based on The misty classification 2009, 25 (1):  80-82.  Abstract + ( 1584 )   PDF ( 376626KB )   ( 554 ) By the analysis of the misty classification to the plant diversity of Nanyue nature reserve area and its 9 vicinities，The results show that:By their relationship of Nanyue nature reserve area and its 9 vicinities,the result is: Taiwan Area＞Jinggang Mountain＞Wuyishan Scenery＞Daluo Mountain＞Baiyun Mountain＞BaiShan Mountain＞BaiChuang Mountain＞Huangshan Mountain＞Xinnongjia.In order to do a beneficial tries and investigate a new plant classification method,and meanwhile the results is very meaningful to the management and reservation of Nanyue nature reserve area.

  Progress of Research on Bamboos underground system structure and its biomechanics 2009, 25 (1):  83-88.  Abstract + ( 1299 )   PDF ( 732890KB )   ( 724 ) The structure of bamboo underground system, its biomechanical properties and the relationship between the slope stability and the root system, as well as the future of the bamboo rhizome system research are reviewed in this paper. Also, the existing shortcomings and future research focus are suggested so as to provide comprehensive information and reference to the researchers on this aspect.

  Establishment of High Efficient System for Genetic Transformation of Populus pseudo-cathayana ×P. deltodides Barry CV. ‘Shan Hai Guan’) 2009, 25 (1):  89-92.  Abstract + ( 1430 )   PDF ( 549361KB )   ( 666 ) The high frequency regeneration system of Populus pseudo-cathayana ×P. deltodides Barry CV.‘Shan Hai Guan’ was established with leaf explants in our study. Furthermore, the factors related to transformation including Agrobacterium strains, pre-culture time, Agrobacterium concentration, inoculation time and acetosyringone (AS) concentration were evaluated via GUS transient expression. The results indicated that, the optimal adventitious induction culture was MS medium supplemented with 0.5mg.L-1 6-BA and 0.1mg.L-1 NAA, on which the regeneration rate reached 95% and 10.07 average adventitious buds were obtained. The application of Agrobacterium GV3101, no pre-culture, bacterium concentration at OD600=0.4~0.6, 10 min inoculation and supplement of 200μmol/L AS in co-culture medium produced the highest transient GUS expression detected by fluorescence quantification method, which were demonstrated optimal for high frequency transformation of ‘Shan Hai Guan’.

  The effect of Taxus chinensis var.mairei cutting treatment by different hormone 2009, 25 (1):  93-96.  Abstract + ( 1398 )   PDF ( 499448KB )   ( 780 ) Taxus chinensis var.mairei cuttings were treated by different hormones: ABT、NAA、IBA and water as control, after that the effect of different hormones on the rooting rates, biomass and taxol contents of the cuttings were researched. It’s shown that the best results of rooting rate, roots number, new branches number and taxol contents were coming from the ABT treated cuttings group. So using ABT to treat Taxus chinensis var.mairei cuttings is better than other hormones.

  农艺科学

  Studies on Rape Variety and Tests Screening 2009, 25 (1):  97-100.  Abstract + ( 1362 )   PDF ( 466487KB )   ( 671 ) In two years, testing the yield of the high-quality rape variety, it,s economical trait and growth stage, disease resistant and quality .Screening the best two-low new rape variety KT0601,20-5-26,which are suitable for growing widely in Bao shan,Yun Nan.20-5-14 seems better and it can be grown as an example next year.KT0607,KT0610 can be grown for another year.KT604 is worse in different abstracts , It,s resistance is weaker, it can be dropped out.

  Effects of remained leaf number on growth, leaf yield and quality of NC297（Nicotiana tabacum. L）introduced from Ameriman newly 2009, 25 (1):  101-103.  Abstract + ( 1309 )   PDF ( 461765KB )   ( 586 ) By field experiment, effects of different remained leaf number on the growth, leaf yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, the results showed that inter node of the flue-cure tobacco was increased with increasing the remained leaf number. remained leaf number would be more influence on leaf weight .The yield will be decreased by keeping less leaves per plant, but keeping more leaves will influence on the average price and the rate of high and middle class leaf. Generally, keeping twenty leaves per plant was acceptable, which would provide more yield, good quality and industry usability of tobacco leaf.

  Genetic analysis of stripe rust resistance in Wheat Variety Mianmai 39 2009, 25 (1):  104-107.  Abstract + ( 1632 )   PDF ( 416421KB )   ( 687 ) Mianmai 39, a new wheat variety released in Sichuan province in 2005, was highly resistant to Chinese newly predominant races of Chinese Yellow Race (CYR32) at adult stage. In order to determine the inheritance of resistance in Mianmai 39,seven resistant varieties and four susceptible varieties were used to cross with Mianmai 39, thus the F1 and F2 population were obtained. Resistance of parental varieties and their hybrid progenies were analyzed genetically by artificial inoculation with CYR32 at adult stages. The results showed, the resistance to stripe rust race CYR32 in Mianmai 39 at adult stages were controlled by one dominant gene,which derived from the variety Guinong 21.The gene might be an allelic locus of YrCH42 and Yr26,but differ to those in Guinong19-4 and liaochun 10, and also differ to those in oxley and 96EW39（SW2148）which derived from CIMMYT. The resistance of the seven resistant varieties were also discussed.

  Genetic Research on Main Forage Quality Characters in Sweet Sorghum Stalk 2009, 25 (1):  108-111.  Abstract + ( 1566 )   PDF ( 483690KB )   ( 592 ) Abstract: In order to research the heritage laws of brix, crude protein and crude fiber of stalk in Sweet Sorghum, three reciprocal cross combinations were designed. The results showed that brix, crude protein and crude fiber didn’t have cytoplasmic effect. There were no obvious heterosis in their correlations, and there was significant positive correlation between F1 and their parents. The broad heritability of brix, crude protein and crude fiber was respectively 74.5%, 61.8% and 64.4%. The three characters were all revealed the feature of quantitative character.

  植物生理科学

  Effects of different matrix on survival rates of the common gloxinia transplants 2009, 25 (1):  112-114.  Abstract + ( 1484 )   PDF ( 419178KB )   ( 681 ) The survival rates and health situation of common gloxinia transplants in 5 matrixes were investigated. The results indicated that pine needle earth with loose texture, better moisture and nutrient retention, rich organic materials is proper matrix which benefits to the growth of common gloxinia, the survival rate reached 91.7%; pine needle earth and the vermiculite at rate of 1: 1 is second good choice, the survival rate was 80%; peat and the river sand at rate of 1: 1 is not good for culture of common gloxinia transplants, the survival rate under this matrix was only 57%.

  Effects of root excision on root biology and water relation of maize（Zea mays L.）Seedlings 2009, 25 (1):  115-118.  Abstract + ( 1729 )   PDF ( 512044KB )   ( 662 ) The effects of root excision on the root morphology, root hydraulic conductivity（Lpr）and leaf photosynthesis, leaf transpiration of maize seedlings were studied under condition of solution culture. The results showed that after root excision, the roots hydraulic conductivity of maize seedlings was improved, and photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of leaf were decreased. Of the physiological indexes, the transpiration rate was influenced by root excision most. Length, surface area and tips of root system were also decreased with root excision, while average root length was increased under root excision. There was no significant difference between root excision and check for average diameter of roots.

  Effects of Cadmium Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Dwarf Beans 2009, 25 (1):  119-124.  Abstract + ( 1913 )   PDF ( 669643KB )   ( 638 ) The effects of Cd2＋on Dwarf beans seed germination and seedling growth were studied with water culture experiments. The results showed that when the concentration of Cd2＋at low level, the effects of Cd2＋on the seed germination and seedling growth were not significant. Seeds germination were activated at a certain extent when Cd2＋ concentration ranged from 0.05mg/L to 0.5 mg/L concentrations. The roots and Hypocotyls of seedling exhibited a significant decrease in growth at higher level of Cd2＋concentrations（5～100mg/L）.The activities of peroxidase（POD）, superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase（CAT）could be enhanced at low Cd2＋concentrations but inhibited at higher concentration. The activities of POD, CAT were more inhibited in roots than in Hypocotyls at the same Cd2＋concentrations, while that of SOD was higher in roots than in Hypocotyls when the concentration of Cd2＋ was more than 0.5mg/L. The malondialdehyde(MDA) contents were continuously increased with Cadmium exposure in both roots and Hypocotyls.

  园艺园林科学

  Yunnan Province Facility Horticulture development situation and countermeasure 2009, 25 (1):  125-127.  Abstract + ( 1604 )   PDF ( 472355KB )   ( 854 ) Yunnan is located high Plateau with Low Latitude, and across seven climate zone from the North tropical to the north temperate and in similar climatic of the country microcosm. Whether from the plane to see the province or a vertical view, there is a typical "three-dimensional climate." Because of the diversity terrain, Yunnan have different facilities construction in horticultural types .This paper combined the horticultural facilities development situation, the structure types, the problems of production in Yunnan Province, analysis the horticultural industry development situation, raised the horticultural facilities development countermeasures in Yunnan Province.

  Content determination of total flavonoids in fruit of Castanea henryi by orthogonal design 2009, 25 (1):  128-131.  Abstract + ( 1516 )   PDF ( 486492KB )   ( 652 ) Abstract： The content of total flavonoids in fruit of Castanea henryi was distilled with ethanol and determined at 509nm by ultraviolet spectrophotometry with rutin as a standard contro1 by orthogonal design. The results show that the average recovery of total flavonoids was 94.3％ with the relative standard deviation 0.61％( =6). The method is simple，rapid and accurate. It can be used for determining the content of total flavonoids in fruit of Castanea henryi.

  Discussion on the plant scenery making in the urban residential area 2009, 25 (1):  132-136.  Abstract + ( 1344 )   PDF ( 780526KB )   ( 818 ) The paper mentioned from the major problems of plant landscape, introduced to follow the seven principles of the urban residential area, proposed the plant selection should form the seasonal aspect change, respect the resident to like, take the arbor as the afforested backbone and select the health care plant and so on, the plant disposition which the residential area afforested should handle these relations of the evergreen and deciduous tree species, arbors and shrubs, construction and plant landscaping and the use of cover plant , finally proposed the seven notes of the plant scenery making in the urban residential area.

  Effects of Air Current at Different Speeds on the Characters of Container-growing Seedling of Muskmelon 2009, 25 (1):  137-140.  Abstract + ( 1454 )   PDF ( 439187KB )   ( 554 ) In order to determine the practical effects of increasing the speed of air current inside greenhouse on the production of healthy seedlings of muskmelon and the optimal air current speed, some characters of container-growing seedlings of muskmelon ‘‘Elizabeth’’ were investigated after being treated by the forced air current at the speed of 0.1m/s (V1), 0.5m/s (V2) and 0.9m/s (V3), while V0(0m/s)was taken as control. Results showed that after treatment, compared with control, it was observed that stem diameter, leaf thickness, total dry mass, and chlorophyll b content in cotyledon increased, and seedling height decreased significantly. The latter four values varied more remarkably with the air current speed increasing. A significant increase in healthy index were found after being treated by V2 and V3, compared with control. V3 increased the root/shoot ratio, while reducing the net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content in leaf. However, V2 increased the net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content in leaf as well as the leaf number and root diameter. Therefore, it is possible that production of healthy muskmelon seedlings by increasing the speed of air current. The air current speed at 0.5m/s is suggested to being used for practical production..

  Landscape Characters of Koelreuteria Tree Species and Their exploitation and Application 2009, 25 (1):  141-146.  Abstract + ( 1525 )   PDF ( 943369KB )   ( 558 ) As famous ornamental tree species used in landscape architecture, Koelreuteria tree species has a long utilizing history. The resource, cultural connotation and ornamental characteristics of Koelreuteria trees were expatiated systematically , and the main ways of their applications in landscaping were summarized. Finally, this paper expounds its use in landscape and farther its exploitation and application.

  The research advance on fruit tree replant problem 2009, 25 (1):  147-151.  Abstract + ( 1412 )   PDF ( 712109KB )   ( 754 ) Replant problem is a very serious problem for many ftuit tree’s production. Based on collecting and analyzing literature that were publishen in and out China, the harmness, characteristicsm, mechanisms and control methods were discussed, and the problem and direction for the future research on fruit tree replant problem were advanced.

  Preliminary synchronization regulation at the middle developmental stage during longan somatic embryogenesis 2009, 25 (1):  152-155.  Abstract + ( 1835 )   PDF ( 417872KB )   ( 674 ) In this experiment the synchronization regulation of somatic embryogenesis from the embryogenic callus were performed in Dimocarpus longan Lour. cv. Honghezi and the somatic embryos at heart-stage, torpedo-stage and cotyledonary-stage were obtained. The results showed that the developmental synchronization of somatic embryos at heart-stage and torpedo-stage could be roughly achieved by changing the concentrations of 2,4-D in the media gently at the middle developmental stages during longan somatic embryogenesis.

  Study on the radiation of the 60Coγ-ray for variation induction in Phalaenopsis aphrodite by using of RAPD-PCR technique 2009, 25 (1):  156-159.  Abstract + ( 1564 )   PDF ( 455935KB )   ( 697 ) In order to get the best radiation dose of the 60Coγ-ray for variation induction in Phalaenopsis aphrodite cv. V31, the potted clonal plants were treated by different doses of 60Coγ-ray. The genomic DNA of treated and controlled plants was extracted from young leaf and amplified by using of RAPD-PCR technique. The 60 bands were amplified by using the 13 primers screened out from 40 ones and 26 bands of that were special. The cluster analysis of the bands amplified in treated and controlled plants showed that the variation degree was maximum in plants treated with 15Gy and was minimum in plants treated with 1Gy. Therefore 15Gy was the best radiation dose of the 60Coγ-ray for variation induction.

  Effects of Different Bagging Period on The Microenvironment and Qulity of Sweet Cherry Over Whole Branch by Non-woven Fabric 2009, 25 (1):  160-164.  Abstract + ( 1333 )   PDF ( 603470KB )   ( 632 ) Abstract:Taking "Prunus aviumL."as test material,this paper studied the effects of bagging with non-woven fabric on different period over whole branch on its fruit and leaf quality and the microenvironment within the bags. The results showed that bagging could change the microenvironment of the whole branch, different period bagging has different impact on fruit and leaf quality. Bagging before May 1,the quality of fruit weight is lower than that of the control, others qualities such as fruit soluble sugar, soluble solid ,and sugar/acid ratio and hardness are similar to those of control, What is more, the leaf soluble sugar contents and MDA contents are lower than those of control ,expect the specific leaf weight and photosynthetic pigment content lower . Maybe the microenvironment can improve the qualities both the fruit and the leaf. Bagging after May 5,though the weight is higher than that of the control, and other qualities are also improved, but compared with bagging at May 5, it less effect. Therefore, bagging at May 5 can improve the fruit quality significantly, and the quality of leaf also improved.

  植物保护科学

  Inducement and selection of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus by ultraviolet ray 2009, 25 (1):  165-168.  Abstract + ( 1468 )   PDF ( 487730KB )   ( 632 ) Abstract: Sporulation and protoplast of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus was induced by ultraviolet ray, biological characteristics and virulence of induced isolates was determined. The result showed : conidia yield of UV-22 and UVP-39 was respectively 1.58 and 1.37 of CK, virulence raised respectively 14.3% and 11.00%,and inducing effect of Sporulation was better than that of protoplast.

  Four kinds of Pestalotiopsis diseases were identified in The Palmae plant 2009, 25 (1):  172-175.  Abstract + ( 1181 )   PDF ( 1214938KB )   ( 557 )

  Detection of Bean pod mottle virus by One-step IC-RT-PCR 2009, 25 (1):  176-179.  Abstract + ( 1578 )   PDF ( 482198KB )   ( 539 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Establishment of a rapid, accurate and sensitive one-step IC-RT-PCR method to detect Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) in soybean seed.【METHOD】One-step IC-RT-PCR was developed to detect BPMV by using RT-PCR in combination with immunocapture. After optimization of the reaction conditions, One-step IC-RT-PCR procedure was established, and then the specificity and practical effect of detection were validated.【RESULTS】The One-step IC-RT-PCR could successfully amplify target fragment from BPMV-infected soybean seeds while not from other virus infected and healthy soybean seeds. BPMV in soybean from different producing areas was detected by means of the One-step IC-RT-PCR. The results showed that BPMV was detected in soybean seed from America and the incidence was 50%.【CONCLUSION】The One-step IC-RT-PCR was rapid and accurate for detection of BPMV in soybean seed, which can be applied to the field of port inspection and quarantine.

  Investigation on the diseases of Palmae Plants in Fujianprovince 2009, 25 (1):  180-184.  Abstract + ( 1710 )   PDF ( 809141KB )   ( 708 ) According to the systematic investigation on the 24 kinds of Palmae plant diseases in Fujian province，gathering the disease sample，observing the symptom and identifying pathogen，23 kinds of disease were identified，among them 4 kinds are new diseases in China．The main diseases of each kind of Palmae plant were identified to offer the important basis for prevention and cure of the Palmae plant disease and further investigation．

  Residue determination of chlorpyifos in apple fruit,leaf and orchard soil 2009, 25 (1):  185-189.  Abstract + ( 1719 )   PDF ( 702988KB )   ( 662 ) Experiment was conducted to investigate the residual dynamic of chlorpyrifos of ‘Gala’ apple’s fruit, leaf and soil in orchard by GC-TSD. The results showed that the pesticide residues was greatest in peel; chlorpyrifos half life of apple was 24.50d at the recommended concentration and times, the limit of determination was 0.012mg/kg; pesticide residue was related to concentration and times, there was a negative exponential function in dissolution process in the interval; the rate of residual dynamic of chlorpyrifos was leaf>aplle>soil, ultimately pesticide residue was aplle>soil>leaf.

  The Interference Control Effects of Several Non-crucifer Vegetable Extracts on Artogeia rapae 2009, 25 (1):  190-193.  Abstract + ( 1536 )   PDF ( 464271KB )   ( 682 ) Abstract:Based on the co-evolution between chemical defence of plant and behavior of phytophgous insects, the interference control effects of alcohol extracts of nine kinds of non-crucifer vegetables on Artogeia rapae were studied in this paper. The results showed that the extracts of the nine non-crucifer vegetables had significant effects of repelling adults and deterring egg laying, but had no evident effects of causing death by toxicity on egg and small larva of Artogeia rapae. Among the non-crucifer vegetables, crowndaisy chrysanthemum, garlic and tomato had the most significant control effects on the population of Artogeia rapae and their interference indices of population control（IIPC） were0.0965、0.1166 and0.0557 respectively. It meant that their control effects reached 90.35%、88.34% and 94.43% respectively.

  Studied on Techniques of Conidiophores inducing Culture in vitro in Apple Ring Spot (Physalospora piricola Nose) 2009, 25 (1):  194-197.  Abstract + ( 1472 )   PDF ( 510498KB )   ( 516 ) In order to understand the biology of apple ring spot fungi further and solve the problem of less conidiophores generated during their inducing culture in vitro, it was studied that the effect of culture medium pH, incubation temperature, light sources, and light regiment on growth of mycelia and generation of conidiophores, and the removing of mycelia on generation of conidiophores. The results showed that mycelia grew well under 24℃~28℃ condition, and could generated conidiophores most. Adjusted culture medium pH to 5.0 and incubated under black light after inoculation could benefit to the conidiophore’s generation. The removing of mycelia after their growth to some extent had significant promoting effect on the conidiophore’s generation.

  Bioactivities of Ethanol Extracts from thirteen Plants against Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) 2009, 25 (1):  198-202.  Abstract + ( 1590 )   PDF ( 717159KB )   ( 640 ) Abstract: This research determined the ovipositional deterrent activity and contact toxicity of ethanol extracts from thirteen plants against Nilaparvata lugens (Stal). Results showed that after 24h treatment Acorus calamus had best ovipositional deterrent activity, as ODR was 99.16%. Myristica fragrans and Brassica juncea were second and third, as ODR were 83.40% and 71.90%. In thirteen plants extracts, Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Acorus gramineus, Trigonella Foenum –graecum, Acorus calamus and Myristica fragrans had good contact toxicity. At 83.70μg/cm2 treatment, the corrected mortality rates were more than 80% after 24h..And the values of LD50 of this four plants extracts were 37.95μg/cm2、41.84μg/cm2、43.71μg/cm2、46.33μg/cm2 and 61.48μg/cm2 respectively.

  生态农业科学

  Study on the Present Situation and Countermeasures of Tributaries 2009, 25 (1):  206-210.  Abstract + ( 1675 )   PDF ( 648862KB )   ( 922 ) It is well known that Ceratophyllum demersum and Hydrilla verticillata Royle have wide applied prospects in protection of water pollution，and make a significant contribution to protect water environment, so they can play a powerful environmental and ecological functions. In this paper, an attempt is made to predict the applied prospects of Ceratophyllum demersum and Hydrilla verticillata Royle at tributaries in Three Gorges Reservoir Region by analyzing the present situation, in other words, they may prevent eutrophication in water, heavy metal pollution, organic pollution, the overrunning of algae and maintenance of biological diversity, ecological integrity and stability.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Seasonal and Diurnal Variations of CO2 flux and heat flux 2009, 25 (1):  211-216.  Abstract + ( 1991 )   PDF ( 727776KB )   ( 673 ) Using the half hourly datas of turbulence flux which observed by the eddy covariance (EC) from July, 2007 to June, 2008 at Shouxian climate observatory in Huaihe River Basin. Analyze the Seasonal and Diurnal Variations of CO2 flux and heat flux in the surface layer. The results show that CO2 flux and heat flux have characteristics of significant Seasonal and Diurnal Variations. The variation of diurnal amplitude is variations with season , showing that the flux amplitude in summer and spring is larger and smaller in winter and autumn ；The average CO2 flux in summer and spring is larger and only about -0.051 mg﹒m-2﹒h-1 ～-0.047 mg﹒m-2﹒h-1 （the paddy and wheat growing period ）in the period when the cropland without crops or covered with snow .It is obviously that CO2 is always absorbed by the crops as the average CO2 fluxes during the experimental period is about -0.59mg﹒m-2﹒h-1。Net radiation and latent flux are maxima in May and minima in January.

  Release rule research of submerged plants with temperature impact in Contabescence 2009, 25 (1):  217-223.  Abstract + ( 1510 )   PDF ( 765411KB )   ( 812 ) This research aims at indicating the influence rule of hydrophyte silt on the nitrogen and phosphorus transformation in soil treatment and restoration systems. Then provide basis for the harvestry in the operation and management of these systems. The soak test was made for Eremochloa ophiuroides, Potamogeton crispus L and Ceratophyllum demersum selecting from common submerged plant that planted in barrel indoor. The contaminants release rule induced by dissolution of plant’s tissue was inspected. The result shows that the quickest release happened within the first 8 hours. The release amount of total nitrogen was less than that of phosphorus. Eremochloa ophiuroides had the highest release amount of total nitrogen, which is 0.164mg/g, and then is Ceratophyllum demersum (0.081mg/g), the least is Potamogeton crispus L (0.064mg/g). Ceratophyllum demersum had the highest release amount of total phosphorus, which is (3.043mg/g), and then is Potamogeton crispus L (2.404mg/g), the least is Eremochloa ophiuroides (1.906mg/g). For the following three kinds of submerged hydropgytes, Eremochloa ophiuroides, Potamogeton crispus L and Ceratophyllum demersum, the phosphorus release amounts per g hydrophytes were high, thus the harvest should be carried out to avoid the phosphorus content in water increased caused by the release from hydrophyte during the decay period. The soak test was made for Myriophyllum spicatum-a common submerged plant that planted indoor. Four temperatures were settled as 5℃, 15℃, 25℃, 35℃, to inspect. The effect of temperature on the contaminants release induced by dissolution of plant’s tissue was studied. The results showed that the quickest release happened within the first 8 hours. The highest release amount happened when the water temperature was 25℃ condition, if the other conditions were the same, only the temperature value changed.

  The effect of outer proteases on the enzymatic hydrolyze of earthworm protein pulp 2009, 25 (1):  224-228.  Abstract + ( 1638 )   PDF ( 584952KB )   ( 505 ) Earthworm is a versatile bio-resource and the hydrolysis products of its protein is a useful material. In order to increase the hydrolysis efficiency , acid protease was used to the hydrolysis of earthworm protein pulp and three outer proteases were used to the hydrolysis of earhworm protein trash. The effect of acid protease on the amino acid concentration for earthworm protein pulp was mainly studied in this paper. Based on the relationship of hydrolysis time and amino acid concentration a regress equation model was developed .The result showed that outer protease had significant effect on hydrolysis of protein trash. The hydrolysis rate of 3 treatment that had outer proteases was increased compared with CK, the sequence was: acid protease＞alkaline protease＞neutral protease. The regression approach equations for the hydrolysis time and amino acid concentration was : Y=0.432371*EXP(0.130930*X)for acid protease treatment; Y=0.260455*EXP(0.143428*X)for CK.The significant test for the equations shown that all got a significant level . The amino acid concentration was increased significantly for the acid protease treatment .The increasing rate of hydrolysis was decreased with the increase of hydrolysis time, and had a negative correlation during hydrolysis process.

  On Land Use Science 2009, 25 (1):  229-236.  Abstract + ( 1407 )   PDF ( 878995KB )   ( 559 ) Land use is a science studying the regularity of relation between man and land use. Its fundamental purpose is to realize the sustainable use of land. Though the history of land use research is long, its development history as a real science is very short. China began to compile 1:1000000 Land Use Map of China in 1980s and established its land use subject based on this compiling work. Although there is no such a title as “land use science” in foreign countries yet, the research of land use by most countries and international organizations is developing vigorously. At present time, the branch subjects concerning the study of land in China has increased as many as ten (even reaching 20), forming a scientific group of subjects, namely land science. It is regarded through analysis that land use science has now held the core position in the subject system of land science. Based on the analysis of the research contents in land use science put forward by some scholars, this article has established a new type of research content system for land use science in accordance with the fundamental task of the subject and the national requirement for land use subject in carrying out scientific development outlook and implementing the strategy of sustainable land use. The framework of this new system takes the theory and evaluation methods of sustainable land use as the guideline under the guidance of scientific developing outlook and sustainable developing outlook, and it is based on theories of relevant subjects and supported by scientific research method and the “3S” technology. Following the time scale of land use research, it longitudinally divides the research into three basic parts, the past land use research, current land use research and future land use (namely rational use of land) research, forming the past-present-future land use research system. In addition, according to the developing trend of land use science and China’s actual demand for land use research, this article indicates the orientation for eight research fields in land use subject for a certain period of time in the future.

  热带农业科学

  Duplex PCR Assay for Detection of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense 2009, 25 (1):  237-240.  Abstract + ( 1473 )   PDF ( 580240KB )   ( 720 ) Abstract： Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense(Foc) is the most destructive pest of bananas in the world. Two pairs of primers PR1/PR2 and ST1/ST2 were developed to identify the Foc. The primers PR1/PR2 and ST1/ST2 could produce bands for race1 and race4 of Foc. At the same time, the parameters of PCR were optimized and sensitivity were tested. The optimized conditions were an annealing at 56 ℃. The minimum amount of DNA of Foc could be detected was as low as 20 ng. It demonstrates that duplex PCR approach will provided an accurate and effective method for quick detection of Foc.

  Cloning and functional analysis of the promoter of small rubber particle protein (SRPP) gene in Hevea brasiliensis 2009, 25 (1):  241-247.  Abstract + ( 1801 )   PDF ( 802555KB )   ( 954 ) Abstact: The small rubber particle protein (SRPP) is an essential factor related to rubber biosynthesis in Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree). The amino acid sequence of SRPP has high similarity to those of rubber elongation factor (REF) and phaseolus vulgaris stress-related protein (PvSRP), which is 72% and 68% respectively. For further investigation of the expression of SRPP gene, the promoter of SRPP gene was cloned by the method of ligation-mediated PCR. Sequence analysis demonstrated that light-responsive elements accounted for 39% in the promoter of SRPP gene, which indicates that SRPP promoter might be light inducible and that the expression of SRPP gene could be regulated by light. In addition, the promoter of SRPP gene contains a variety of stress-responsive elements, such as HSE,MBS, TC-rich repeats, ABRE, EIRE and W box etc. These data suggest that SRPP is not only involved in rubber biosynthesis, but also plays an important role in response to various stresses in rubber trees.

  Advance of Nutrition Characteristic and Diagnosis Progress 2009, 25 (1):  248-250.  Abstract + ( 1378 )   PDF ( 452171KB )   ( 629 )

  农业信息科学

  Recent Developments of Traceability System of Food Safety and Its Outlook of Application on Tea 2009, 25 (1):  251-255.  Abstract + ( 1601 )   PDF ( 661370KB )   ( 1270 ) Now people are paying close attention to the problem of food safety. Due to the problem of traceability about information on raw materials, processing, transportation and so on, the difficulty of recalling poor-quality products and the right of information for customers, traceability system have developed gradually. In this paper, the background and research status of traceability had been summarized. The Significance and the Prospect of establishing traceability system on tea had been analyzed.

  农业工程科学

  Drought Monitoring in Huaibei area Based On Remotely Sensed Data NOAA/AVHRR 2009, 25 (1):  256-259.  Abstract + ( 1277 )   PDF ( 494302KB )   ( 647 ) This paper tries to establish the model between the Anomaly Vegetation Index(AVI) and soil moisture(include 10cm and 20cm soil moisture) based on AnHui Huaibei area drought features and polar orbit meteorological satellite data and surface meteorological data. The model between AVI and 20cm moisture is, yspring=0.221x+54.375 ,ywiner=0.4474x+81.447.Then use each index value to inverse the distribution of soil moisture. The result shows that the model between AVI and 20cm soil moisture is significant at 0.05 level in spring and winter.

  农村能源科学

  A simple way to isolate hyperthermal hydrogenogens 2009, 25 (1):  260-263.  Abstract + ( 1283 )   PDF ( 521854KB )   ( 618 ) The improved Hungate rolling tube technique, the techniques about plate of anaerobic operation and the anaerobic method using plate culture flask are used to isolate H2-producing bacteria. And these work are very tedious. If the material, used for test, was pretreated for the purpose of selective culture, the work load will be reduced in the next steps.The way of heat treatment, the acid treatment and the techniques about plate of anaerobic operation and plate of culture bottle were adopted in this study to isolate one strain of H2-producing bacteria. And this germ has high ability of H2-producing during the 45℃ to 50℃, rod-shape, and no flagellum. It was eligible to treat the sludge for 10 minutes under the condition of 85℃ to isolate H2-producing bacteria.

  Evaluation on Economic Benefits of Comprehensive Application of Rural Household Biogas 2009, 25 (1):  264-267.  Abstract + ( 1418 )   PDF ( 487386KB )   ( 732 ) According to the comprehensive application of rural household biogas, using the cost-benefit analysis, the economic indicators are given under the coal as alternative energy. The results of the analysis show that the economic benefits are significantly and the anti-risk ability is strong of the comprehensive application of biogas. There has the value to promote it.

  三农问题研究

  Food Safety in Building New Socialist Countryside 2009, 25 (1):  272-275.  Abstract + ( 1436 )   PDF ( 594810KB )   ( 600 ) Building new socialist countryside is a new policy in China. Food safety is the most important problem during building new socialist countryside. Farmers are the most quantity consumers and hurt easily. So, solving food safety problem is the key to improve farmers’ life quality. This paper analyzes the current situation and measures of food safety in countryside in different provinces. The problems on food safety are discussed. According to the current problems, some suggestions are put forward.

  Development Trends of Urbanization and Reqirment on land Use 2009, 25 (1):  276-280.  Abstract + ( 1499 )   PDF ( 612360KB )   ( 731 ) Selected from 1978 to 2005 statistics in the article, analying the urbanization status, and the deveping Course and the existing problems in Xuancheng City.Based on this forecast in 2010 and 2020 population and the level of urbanization, Projections to 2010 and 2020 by the needs of urban construction sites.Finally, a reasonable proposals and measures for planning and decision-making reference. Key words: Urbanization; Xuancheng City; Demand for land

  The research on the entrepreneurial base of students in the countryside 2009, 25 (1):  281-285.  Abstract + ( 1503 )   PDF ( 704341KB )   ( 627 ) The students entrepreneurial base is an important joint of the theory with practice, which is also a bridge to link the students, school and the social. Through the research of the students entrepreneurial base in FengYang, the formation and the development of the students entrepreneurial base were introduced. In view of the analysis the solution of he existing problems and its reasons. Further introduced measures to address those problems thinking.

  Land use problems of the urban-rural integration area in the county-level city— A case study from Xinmin 2009, 25 (1):  286-289.  Abstract + ( 1364 )   PDF ( 543701KB )   ( 552 ) The county-level city of Shenyang City ——the land use characteristic in the urban-rural integration area of Xinmin was obvious duality .in the process of land using, the arable land decreased significantly ,but the industrial land and residential land increased significantly .there was obvious contradiction between agricultural and developed land,the land use structure was Irrational, in order to solve this problem, innovative concept should be propose, The sustainable land use planning should be formulated, dynamic monitoring should be used in land management with 3S technology, a standardized land market should be established, the legal system of land should be improved, attention to the problem of environmental pollution, and the ecological balance of the environment should be maintained.

  Study on The Factors affecting Political Participation of Rural Residents 2009, 25 (1):  290-298.  Abstract + ( 1421 )   PDF ( 1088303KB )   ( 486 ) This research has analyzed the factors affecting political participation of rural residents.The theoretical analysis showed that the level of political participation is affected by Household Characteristics, Village Characteristics, Candidate Characteristics, and the Social Capital. Empirical analysis supported this conclusion on the whole. this paper used the investigation data of rural households in 30 villages of 5 counties in Nanjing, adopted the order Probit model, verified from the Household Characteristics, Village Characteristics, Candidate Characteristics, and got the direction and the strength of the factors. The results showed: ①Party Members and Village Enterprises had an significantly positive effect on the Practical Enthusiasm and Willingness of Political Participation; ②Bygone Disputes had an significantly positive effect on the Practical Enthusiasm and Willingness of Political Participation; ③Standard of Election Campaign, Candidate Characteristics and Intervention of Government had an significantly positive effect on the Practical Enthusiasm and Willingness of Political Participation; ④The Social Capital had no significant influence on the Practical Enthusiasm and Willingness of Political Participation.

  Enlightenment from Continual Five-Year Yield Increase of Wheat in Baoji District 2009, 25 (1):  299-303.  Abstract + ( 1433 )   PDF ( 734287KB )   ( 511 ) This paper concludes the characters of recent five-year wheat production in Baoji District, simultaneously, analyses the reason of wheat continual high yield, briefly explains some enlightenment that can be used for references, and put forwards the strategy and cultural strategy of wheat continual yield increase in Baoji District.

  Proposals for long-term mechanism of Rural Special Technology Association Liu Ti-fen 2009, 25 (1):  304-306.  Abstract + ( 1071 )   PDF ( 441612KB )   ( 451 ) Rural Special Technology Association (RSTA) has played a huge role in building new socialist countryside. In view of the current situation, experience and problems existed in Agricultural Cooperative Economic Organizations, The author proposes long-term mechanism for RSTA: Deepening understanding，and improving guide; Standardizing management, and perfecting the management system; Promoting intercommunication, and pullulating together; Reorganizing advantageous resources, and setting a good example.