Current issue

• 2009 Vol.25 No.2 Published:20 January 2009

  畜牧兽医科学

  Effects of Nano-Zinc Oxide on the Production and Dressing Performance of Broiler 2009, 25 (2):  1-5.  Abstract + ( 1706 )   PDF ( 596089KB )   ( 1090 ) 【OBJECTIVE】 The experiment was conducted to study the effects of nano-zinc oxide on the production performance and dressing performance of broiler.【METHOD】 One hundred and ninety-two Arbor Acres (AA) broilers at the age of 1day old were randomly divided into 4 treatments. All treatments were replicated 4 times, using 12 birds per pen. The supplementation of nano-zinc oxide was 0(the control), 40, 80, 120mg/kg for each treatment, respectively. The experiment lasted 6 weeks.【RESULTS】 The experiment results were as follows: During the whole experiment, the difference of the average weight gain was not significant(P＞0.05) between the groups of adding nano-zinc and the control. From 1 to 21d, the feed consumption decreased significantly at the level of 40mg/kg of nano-zinc oxide (P＜0.05), the feed/gain(F/G) was extremely significant(P＜0.01). From 22 to 42d, the F/G decreased significantly at the level of 40mg/kg of nano-zinc oxide (P＜0.05). On the 21st and 42nd day, 12 broilers in each group were selected randomly and slaughtered, and slaughter performances were determined. The results showed that the experimental groups did not influence significantly on dressing performance at 21d, but the experimental groups were higher than the control group in all indexes. The slaughter percentage of the broiler with nano-zinc oxide at the level of 40mg/kg was extremely higher than the control group(P＜0.01)at 42d. The half eviscerated percentage of the broiler was extremely higher than the control group(P＜0.05). The difference of eviscerated percentage, abdominal fat percentage, leg muscle percentage and breast muscle percentage of the broiler between the experimental groups and the control group was not significant (P＞0.05).【CONCLUSION】In conclusion, the nano-zinc oxide can promote the production performance and dressing performance at the level of 40mg/kg.

  The influence of different heating temperatures and heating times on loss rate of tea polyphenols Li-hua Wang,ning Nie 2009, 25 (2):  6-8.  Abstract + ( 2007 )   PDF ( 339627KB )   ( 935 ) The present experiment was conducted to determine influence of different heating temperature and heating time on loss rate of tea polyphenols. Two factors four levels completed cross experimental design was adopted in this experiment. Heating temperature and heating time were 80℃, 100℃, 120℃, 140℃ and 60min, 90min, 120min, 150min, respectively. It could be concluded from results that the loss rate of tea polyphenols was less 15% when heating temperature was controlled under 100℃ to 140℃ and heating time was less 60min.

  Effect of Alanyl-Glutamine on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Weaned Piglets 2009, 25 (2):  9-12.  Abstract + ( 1583 )   PDF ( 505410KB )   ( 766 ) This trial conducted to study the effects of alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Gln) on growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of weaned piglets. Forty eight crossbred Landrace×Largewhite weaned piglets at the age of 21 day were selected and randomly divided into 4 treatments with 6 replicates 2 piglets (a male, a female). Group A (control) was fed the basal diet and Group B, C and D as three trial groups were fed the basal diet added 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5% Ala-Gln respectively and the trial lasted 20 days. The results showed that average daily gain and feed conversion rate were significantly increased（P<0.05） by adding 0.1% Ala-Gln and level of serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen were decreased and serum total protein was increased within the framework of physiological by adding 0.1%,0.3% and 0.5% Ala-Gln. With the increasing Ala-Gln supplementation levels, average daily gain and feed conversion rate were increased (quadratic, P=0.042 and 0.043) at 21~31 day and level of serum glucose at 31 and 41 day and level of serum triglyceride and total cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen at 31 day were decreased (linear, P=0.034,0.001,0.008, 0.001 and 0.062) and supplementation 0.3% Ala-Gln had the best effect. The results indicated the mechanism of Ala-Gln promoting growth performance in weaned piglets.

  The new characteristic of poultry breeding and epidemic diseases and the damage [中]史瑞仁， [英]Shi Rui-Ren 2009, 25 (2):  13-15.  Abstract + ( 1656 )   PDF ( 523129KB )   ( 812 ) Abstract: With the department of enlarged scale and intensivism in poultry breeding, the epidemic diseases have also greatly changed in chicken farm. This paper has elaborated the new changes in poultry breeding including species, scale and breeding system, and analyzed the new characteristic of epidemic diseases, and stressed the damage of Avian Influenza. This can make reference to enlarged scale farm for control diseases scientifically.

  农业生物技术科学

  Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on the Morphogenesis of Three Citrus Species WANG Cai-Xia 2009, 25 (2):  16-19.  Abstract + ( 1728 )   PDF ( 505987KB )   ( 597 ) Abstract: The effects of plant growth regulators on the regeneration of buds and shoots, multiplication and root formation of in vitro cultures from three citrus species were identified by stem culture. Results showed that MT medium supplemented with BAP 2.0 mg/L and IBA 0.1 mg/L was suitable for the regeneration of buds and shoots for three citrus species. The highest shoots multiplication index of three citrus species was obtained on a medium containing BAP 1.0 mg/L and IBA 0.2 mg/L. In addition, 1/2 MT medium supplemented with NAA 3.0 mg/L alone was best for the rooting of Etrog citron (C. medica L.), whereas the most number and the highest length of roots were produced on a treatment containing both NAA 2.0 mg/L and IBA 0.25 mg/L for Mexican lime (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) and sweet orange (C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck). Plantlets survived of three citrus species were all more than 90% in soil under greenhouse conditions.

  Establishment of SSR-PCR Technological System and Its Preliminary Application in Genetic Diversity Analysis for Lentinula edodes XIAO Yang 2009, 25 (2):  20-24.  Abstract + ( 1788 )   PDF ( 581129KB )   ( 771 ) Abstract: SSR primers of Lentinula edodes were developed using ISSR-suppression PCR method and Primer 3 program, and L16（45）orthogonal design was used to optimize main factors affecting SSR-PCR amplification system. The optimal SSR-PCR system was established as follows, within 20μl reaction system, there were 1.5 mmol/L Mg2+, 75 ng template DNA, 0.25 mmol/L dNTPs, 0.50 μmol/L primer and 1.5U Taq DNA polymerase. The optimal annealing temperature was determined as 62℃ by gradient PCR. Based on the optimal system, suitable results were obtained when five primer pairs were used to amplify genomic DNA of eight strains .Cluster analysis well reflected geographical original relation of these strains. The eight strains were classified into two groups using 0.5 similarity as a cut-off point. GroupⅠmainly consisted of strains from North China, while group Ⅱ comprised those from South China.

  Research Development of Fusarium Toxins 2009, 25 (2):  25-27.  Abstract + ( 1681 )   PDF ( 404713KB )   ( 570 ) Fusarium toxins are a variety of secondary metabolites produced by Fusariums which are widely distributed in nature. The Fusarium toxins are dangerous food contaminants and risks to human and livestock health. So, research on the Fusarium toxin is one of the most urgent problems. In this paper, the damage of Fusarium toxins and detoxification methods are reviewed.

  Study Advances of Regulating Effect for Seed Germination and sprouts Growing 2009, 25 (2):  28-32.  Abstract + ( 1611 )   PDF ( 620122KB )   ( 1497 ) Seed germination is a complicated substance metabolizing course, many kinds of phytohormnoe and plant growth regulator be concerned with regulating the course of seed germination and seedlings growth,and affect seed viability and seedings modality and transformation of nutrient substance and enzyme. On the base of consultling a lot of literatures, it was summarized of the application and effects and regulating mechanism of ABA,GA,CTK,ETH,IAA,SA and several kinds of main plant growth regulator on seed germination and seedlings growth in this article.It would be usful for the sustainable development of sprouts industry by using the plant growth regulator scientificly and rationaly.

  食品科学

  Assay of Lactobacillus helveticus TUST005 Fermented Milk Inhibiting 2009, 25 (2):  33-38.  Abstract + ( 1560 )   PDF ( 648679KB )   ( 817 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibiting activity of four kinds of Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk whey was determined in this paper, and their effects on blood pressure were investigated using spontaneously hypertensive rats.【METHODS】 The ACE inhibitory activity was measured according to the method of Cushman and Cheung with some modification. The effects of Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk whey, water, and skim milk on blood pressure was evaluated in 8-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) weighing 180-200 g. Every sample was used to SHR on consecutive three days, during which they received increasing doses by gastric intubation. The systolic blood pressure was measured by ZH-HX-Z tail cuff with a programmed electro-sphygmomanometer .【RESULTS】Lactobacillus helveticus TUST005 showed higher ACE inhibitory activity than others, and the highest inhibitory activity of the fermented milk stored at 4℃ for three days reached 45.91%. At 15 mL per kg body weight dose of Lactobacillus helveticus TUST005 and Streptococcus diacetilactis fermented milk whey and the 20 mL per kg body weight dose of Lactobacillus helveticus TUST005 fermented milk whey. we observed a marked and long-lasting hypotensive effect for 6 hours. The maximum decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (20.2 mmHg) was achieved. 【CONCLUSION】The results indicate that there is a good correlation between in vivo and in vitro datas for the Lactobacillus helveticus TUST005 fermented milk.

  Extraction Technique Based on Chemical Complexation and its Application in Separation of Alkaloids 2009, 25 (2):  39-42.  Abstract + ( 1570 )   PDF ( 523997KB )   ( 753 ) Acorrding to the weakness of research on Complexation Extraction Process appling in separating Alkaloid , the author studied its application in extraction and separation of Matrine dilute solution compared with the traditional separation technology , based on analysing and discussing Complexation Extraction Process . The results showed that its thoery and practice was feasible that Complexation Extraction Process could extracte and separate Lewis Bases —Alkaloid existing in plants .

  农业基础科学

  Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Soil Fertility Status for Tobacco-Growing Areas Xiaohui LIU 2009, 25 (2):  46-50.  Abstract + ( 1694 )   PDF ( 576854KB )   ( 578 ) In order to evaluate the soil fertility of the North-west of Hu’nan province, based the 371 soil samples of the representative locations of Longshan and Fenghuang counties. The data was done with member function and the weights of soil nutrients were definited with principal component analysis by means of estimating SFI to evaluate the soil fertility. The results indicated that: (1) The organic matter content in the north-west of Hu’nan tobacco-growing areas was suitable; pH was partial low; The macro elements of nitrogen, phosphorus potassium content were abundant; But the hydrolytic nitrogen content was on the high side; The secondary elements of exchangeable calcium and magnesium and the available sulfur content were appropriate; The microelements of available zinc, copper, iron, molybdenum content were rich, but the available boron content was deficient and the available manganese was high. (2) The SFI ranged from 0.17 to 0.76 with the mean of 0.57 and coefficient variation of 15.11%. (3) The soil fertility was classified into 5 groups of higher, high, medium, low and lower based on the SFI, and SFI was in the extent of 0.2 ~0.6 for 64.69% of the soil samples.

  Studies on Identification of Drought Resistance in Winter Wheats by the Method of Coleoptile Length LAN Jin-Hao 2009, 25 (2):  51-54.  Abstract + ( 1354 )   PDF ( 484633KB )   ( 546 ) This research chose seven tested strains from regional trial of drought land in Shandong province in 2006 year as test materials to study the Characteristics of drought resistance using infiltration media of 20% PEG-6000 solution to simulate drought environment. Drought index of them were got too by field test at the same time. The results showed that the two conclusions of drought –resisting sequence got by the methods of coleoptile length in germination period and drought index in field test were basically consistent. The conclusions mentioned above pointed that the method of coleoptile length was effective to identificate drought-resisting wheat germplasm in early stages.

  林业科学

  Preliminary optimization the extration conditions of triterpene in callus of Betula platyphylla Suk. 2009, 25 (2):  55-58.  Abstract + ( 1487 )   PDF ( 471897KB )   ( 581 ) （OBJECTIVE）To improve the yield of triterpene in callus of birch, (METHOD）oleanolic acid as standard, 5% vanillin-acetic acid and perchloric acid as the developer, the determination method of triterpene was evaluated, the results showed that this method had a higher repeatability, and quite stable during 5~50min in color reaction; The triterpene in callus with ultrasonic was extracted under 20℃，40℃，60℃，80℃, the content of triterpene was 40℃（1.67mg/g）＞ 60℃（1.28 mg/g）＞ 80℃（0.47 mg/g）＞ 20℃（0.08 mg/g）. The triterpene in callus was extracted with benzene, acetone, ether, ethanol95%, methanol, chloroform, the content of triterpene was benzene（2.58 mg/g）＞ ether（2.04 mg/g）＞ ethanol（1.67 mg/g）＞ chloroform（1.21 mg/g）＞ methanol（0.89 mg/g）＞ acetone（0.50 mg/g）. （CONCLUSION） It is proposed that the best extration temperature and reagent was 40℃ and ethanol95%,respectively.

  Long-term Regulation on Growth and Physiology of Turfgrasses under Shading Situation Affected by Uniconazole 2009, 25 (2):  59-64.  Abstract + ( 1781 )   PDF ( 679484KB )   ( 647 ) Taking three cold-season sods as test material, including Festuca rubra Pernille、Poa pratensis Kentucky and Agrostis Regent. Effects of different concentrations of uniconazole (S3307) on shade-tolerance of three turfgrasses under shading situation were studied by testing long-term growth and physiological characteristics of them. The results indicated that after treated with S3307, the contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar increased, plant height decreased, leaves width and thickness increased. All of these indicated that S3307 can evidently improve shade-tolerance of three turfgrasses with different shade-tolerance, the optimal concentration of uniconazole is 100mg/L~200mg/L. The results are very useful and meaningful for improving quality of turfgrasses under shading situation.

  农艺科学

  Development of intra-specific medium disease-resistant high-yield hybrid rice “Teyou 627” 2009, 25 (2):  65-69.  Abstract + ( 1465 )   PDF ( 622816KB )   ( 639 ) “Teyou 627”，a medium intra-specific hybrid rice crossed of sterile line “LongtepuA and restory line “Yahui627” derived from the cross of Indica and Java .it have good performance in yielding ,stable in yield , good adaptability and have passed exam under approve by National and Fujian Crop Variety Approval Committees in 2005. This paper also analyzed the relation of yield component factors and yield, put forward the main planting techniques and measures in high-yield cultivation. 2005 to 2007 in FuAn City, Fujian Province, the practice of seed production, summed up the high-yielding seed production techniques.

  Analysis of Genetic Main Effects and Genotype by Environment Interactions for Leaf 2009, 25 (2):  70-73.  Abstract + ( 1719 )   PDF ( 402019KB )   ( 676 ) Abstract: An additive-dominance-maternal genetic model with genotype by environment interactions by Zhu Jun were applied to analyze genetic main effects and genotype by environment interactions for leaf protein content in maize under different environment conditions and different developmental stages. The results indicated that at different developmental stages the leaf protein content in maize was significantly effected by different genetic effects as well as by different environment interactions, so it was very important to pay attention to the different of genetic effects under different developmental stages and different environments. Key word: Maize; Protein; Genetic effect; Genotype by environment

  Analysis on Caryopsis Development and Nutrient Quality of Waxy Corn 2009, 25 (2):  74-76.  Abstract + ( 1377 )   PDF ( 446732KB )   ( 647 ) The caryopsis development and the accumulation of starch, protein, soluble sugar and fat in waxy corn were studied by routine methods. The development of starch granule was observed by scan electric microscope. Waxy corn was harvested at 25~30 days after pollination suitably. Starch content increased rapidly at early period and slowly from 20 days after pollination. Protein content decreased rapidly and then increased slowly. Soluble sugar content increased and then decreased. Fat content showed a rise tendency as a whole. Fresh weight was positively correlated to starch content(r=0.915**) and negatively correlated to protein content(r=-0.961**). starch content was negatively correlated to protein content(r=-0.985**). Starch granule of cutin endosperm arranged tightly and showed a “football” shape. Starch granule of powder endosperm arranged loosely and showed a polyhedron shape.

  Applications and Progress of Hi-technology on the Cotton Breeding 2009, 25 (2):  77-80.  Abstract + ( 1512 )   PDF ( 568964KB )   ( 831 ) Cotton biotechnology is achived mainly in genetic engineering.Cotton genetic engineering is succeeded due to progresses of Agrobaterium tumeficiens mediated method,particle bombardment method and pollen-tube pathway.Many transgenic cotton lines,which are acquired different forein genes including pest resistant gene,herbicide resistant gene,are applied in cotton breeding, subsequently,new varieties are commercialized in market.In china,it is advanced on transgenic bollworm resistant cotton in the world.Based on the research in our laboratory,this article indicates the applications and progress of biotechnology on the cotton breeding,analyzes the main problems in cotton biotechnology,and advises its developing strategy and suggestions.

  植物生理科学

  Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Extracts from Euphorbia maculata on Several Vegetable Species 2009, 25 (2):  81-84.  Abstract + ( 1621 )   PDF ( 499468KB )   ( 827 ) For comprehensive understanding the harm of Euphorbia maculata to native species and its invasive mechanism, it were conducted that the allelopathic effects of aqueous shoot extracts from Euphorbia maculata on seed germination and seedling growth in four vegetable species. The results showed aqueous shoot extracts of Euphorbia maculata could inhibit seed germination speed in all the four species, reduce seed germination rate in Lycopersicon esculentum, Schizonepeta tenuifolia and Capsicum frutescents, and its effects increased with the increase of extracts concentration, while having no effects on seed germination of Edible umaranth. High concentration (0.4g/ml) of extracts of Euphorbia maculata intensively inhibited root growth in all four species, while it stimulated shoot growth in Edible umaranth, Capsicum frutescents and Schizonepeta tenuifolia, and showed same influencing pattern on root/shoot rates as seed germination speed.

  Effect on nitrogen metabolism character of maize under long-term locating fertilization 2009, 25 (2):  85-88.  Abstract + ( 1563 )   PDF ( 457186KB )   ( 725 ) 30 years locatal experiment was conducted to study the effects of longterm fertilization on nitrogen metabolism of summer maize and the results showed: with the increase of fertilization amount, nitrogen metabolism was more exuberant, NR activity in spike leaf was higher after silking, the treatment of M2N2 can improve NR activity remarkably, which is increased by 4.0% more than the control. M2N1、N2PK、M1N2 then followed ,They are increased 3.7%、3.4% and 3.1% separately. the change tendency of free amino acid and soluble protein content was similar with NR activity. the treatment of M2N2 increased free amino acid and soluble protein content by 19.6% and 22.2% as compared with the control significantly. M2N1、N2PK and M1N2 then followed. free amino acid content are increased 17.9%、16.7%、and 15.4% separately. While soluble protein content are increased 18.5%、18.4% and 17.9% separately. Under the condition of used organic fertilizer with some inorganic nitrogen, NR activity in spike leaf kept longer time with higher value at filling stage, and soluble protein content in spike leaf was also higher. The treatment of combined application inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, Potassium was much better than the treatment of combined application of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus or the treatment of combined application of inorganic nitrogen and Potassium in NR activity in spike leaf、soluble protein content in spike leaf.

  Efficacy of Plant Growth Regulators on Slow Growth of Apples in vitro Xiaoman Wang 2009, 25 (2):  89-92.  Abstract + ( 1596 )   PDF ( 539078KB )   ( 758 ) Daminozide (B9), chlormequat chloride (CCC), paclobutrazol (PP333), and abscisic acid (ABA) were supplied in culture media during subculture process in apple cultivars of Fuji, Jonagold, Goldspur, and Gala in order to study the efficacy of plant growth regulators on slow growth of apples in vitro for germplasm conservation. The results showed that B9 and CCC could significantly retard the growth of plantlets with a high surviving rate and healthy growth status, and the plantlets could resume their growth immediately after transferred onto routine subculture medium. The optimal concentration for B9 was 80mg/L and for CCC was about 75mg/L, which could be used in apple germplasm conservation in vitro. CCC could also significantly retard the growth of plantlets, but that could cause vitrification in some cultivars, so its application was selective with caution. ABA had a very strong effect and could result in death for most of the plantlets, and then its application was not suggested in apple germplasm conservation in vitro.

  Advances in Research Techniques of Proteomics and Its Application 2009, 25 (2):  93-99.  Abstract + ( 1257 )   PDF ( 851729KB )   ( 1074 ) Proteomics has become a focus of life science in the era of post-genomics with quickly developing of research techniques in proteomics. The main research techniques of proteomics such as the techniques of the protein extraction, isolation and identifying is summarized in this paper. The application prospects of the proteomics techniques in tobacco scientific research are reviewed.

  Studies on Callus Induction and Protoplast Isolation on Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Dongzao 2009, 25 (2):  100-104.  Abstract + ( 1546 )   PDF ( 647233KB )   ( 792 ) 【OBJECTIVE】:the paper was studied the callus induction, the foundation and culture of the suspension, and isolatation of the protoplast of anther of dongzao. 【METHODS】 the anther of dongzao was used as material to find the best culture medium of foundation and cultivation of the suspension and the protoplast isolation conditions. 【RESULTS】it is good to indicate callus when the culture medium which was added TDZ0.2mg/L、NAA0.5 mg/L and PVP2.0g/L was used. The better culture medium of callus multiplication was 1/2MS+TDZ0.4 mg/L +NAA0.2 mg/L. The liquid culture medium that was 1/2MS+TDZ0.4 mg/L +NAA0.2 mg/L was used to the suspension. When the the suspension was used to isolation, the optimal condition was 0.6M Mannital +0.1%MES+20~25 g/L Cellulase “onozuka” R-10，the isolation time was 16h.

  Water-saving Irrigation on Stress-resistance Physiological Factors of Rice Xiao Xin 2009, 25 (2):  105-108.  Abstract + ( 1475 )   PDF ( 528376KB )   ( 584 ) In order to investigate the effects of water-saving irrigation on stress-resistance physiological factors of rice, the trough cultivation experiment with rain-proof shelter were carried out. The results followed that the relative values of MDA, plasmalemma permeability, soluble sugar and amino acid in leaves increased and then decreased after rewatering to saturated soil under optimal water stress when the soil water potential was higher than -30kPa. The change trend became stable with the advance of growth stage. When the soil water potential was below -30kPa, the relative values of MDA, plasmalemma permeability, soluble sugar and amino acid in leaves significantly increased, increases of MDA and plasmalemma permeability in better drought resistant cultivars were obvious less than those in weaker drought resistant ones, and increases of soluble sugar and amino acid in better drought resistant cultivars were obvious more than those in weaker drought resistant ones, and plasmalemma permeability, soluble sugar and amino acid decreased from16 days to 40days after anthesis. These results suggest that water stress can induce physiological and biochemical changes in rice and changes of MDA content, plasmalemma permeability and osmotic regulators are correlated significantly to drought resistance of rice varieties.

  土壤肥料科学

  Changes in microbial physiological group diversity between pig manure composting with microorganism inoculants and without microorganism inoculants 2009, 25 (2):  109-113.  Abstract + ( 1133 )   PDF ( 542410KB )   ( 577 ) The microbial physiological group diversity in inoculated and control pig manure composting was studied by cultivation a method. Compared to control composting, the number of aerobic cellulose de-composting bacteria、ammoniation bacteria、ammonium oxidizing bacteria and nitrate bacteria were increased 22.52％、14.95％、15.87％ and 38.46％ respectively, and that anaerobic cellulose de-composting bacteria and anti-nitrify bacteria were decreased 30.56％ and 39.92％

  Study on the effects of growth of cucumber seedling raising for different kings of polythene-coated urea applied in substrate 2009, 25 (2):  114-117.  Abstract + ( 1370 )   PDF ( 546607KB )   ( 545 ) In order to grope for the coated urea release disciplinarian and for the effect of growth of seedling raising, common urea was taken as CK, three kinds such as L30, L60 and S60 release style polythene-coated urea treatments was laid out, and according to N equality principle, the experiment of cucumber seedling raising has been carried out. The change of N content in substrate, change in polythene-coated urea and in cucumber seedlings were measured on the 15th, 21st, 29th and 36th day, and the healthy index also was measured on last day. The results showed that the Nmin content in substrate and seedlings, and seedling healthy index. are significantly different for different treatment, within that, the N release trend accords with the absorption of cucumber seedling for the treatment of L30. All the plant height, stem thickness, dry weight of single plant are remarkably higher than that of CK, and healthy index increase at 20.2%. Therefore, using L30 polythene-coated urea can realize the target of base fertilizer one times input, and avoid N top dressing, during seedling raising.

  The Present Situation、Influences and Solutions about Nitrate Accumulation of Vegetable Plot 2009, 25 (2):  118-122.  Abstract + ( 1429 )   PDF ( 694595KB )   ( 937 ) Vegetables are the most important things without which people cannot survive in daily life.But it is a kind of crop that contain rich nitrate.However, the nitrate accumulation does great harm to people’s health.Some researches show that, using too much nitrogenous fertilizer which cause the soil nitrate accumulation is the main reason why the vegetables contain too much nitrate accumulation. Scholars from many states have studied the methods and solutions from different ways and different points of view, but most of them dispersed relatively, this paper summed up the status of the nitrate accumulation and the impact to groundwater,vegetables, atmosphere and human body.then make some useful solutions such as select the low nitrate accumulation vegetables and applying scientific cultivation and management measures.

  Effect of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer Application Amount on the Population Quality and the Yield of Single Cropping Medium Rice 2009, 25 (2):  123-127.  Abstract + ( 1325 )   Effect of N and K fertilizer application amount on the population quality and the yield of single cropping medium rice were studied using medium japonica wandao 68 as materials and establishing different N and K fertilizer application amount.The results show that when the grain output of amount of N and Kcl applied was262.5kg/hm2 and 375.0kg/hm2,the yield was 11211.1kg/hm2 was tiptop.The total tillers ,LAI, dry matter accumulation and the yield components were very significantly increased in pace with increasing N application amount,but the grain output of amount of nitrogen applied was262.5kg/hm2 was tiptop on spiking rate of tillers,percentage of effective and high effective LAI,dry matter after heading and total spikelets. K fertilizer on rice panicle and grain per spike few little effect on the firm can increase the seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight,with the increase in K application amount, Percentage of the toppest joint and panicle lengh to plant height and production on dry matter after heading were increased and was conductive to raising lodging of plants,the population quality of the rice and yield were increased ,but not significant.

  Effects of urea application on soil nitrogen and turfgrass growth in mixed cool season lawn 2009, 25 (2):  128-132.  Abstract + ( 1812 )   The purpose of this paper was to find a more suitable nitrogen application system for the cool season turf in Beijing area by using the lysimeter method. The effects of urea application on soil nitrogen and turf growth were studied. In the experimental design, urea application takes three levels: low nitrogen（N 10g m-2）, medium nitrogen（N 25g m-2）, and high nitrogen（N 40g m-2）. All the nitrogen was equally divided into two(spring and fall) application in each treatment. During the field experiments, mixed lawn was fertilized equally twice a year, in spring and in autumn. After fertilized, different treatments had different growing conditions, meanwhile different treatments soil had different nitrogen contents. The result showed that for a good appearance and healthy turf, the proper annual urea application rate was about 62.5g/m2(N 25g m-2). Under the treatment, the grass of the mixed lawn can absorb nitrogen swiftly and grow well. At the same time, the research also showed that there was no positive relationship .between the urea employment level and the content of total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and nitric nitrogen content in soil.

  园艺园林科学

  Genetic relationship of guar commercial cultivars 2009, 25 (2):  133-138.  Abstract + ( 1460 )   PDF ( 344376KB )   ( 865 ) Guar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] is a drought and heat tolerant annual legume and is the most economically important species in the Cyamopsis genus. Information about the genetic relationships among the commercial cultivars is important for future guar breeding programs. Eight accessions including 6 guar commercial cultivars and 1 plant introduction (PI) each of C. senegalensis and C. serrata, respectively, were studied with UPGMA (unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages) clustering analysis using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and morphological data. The RAPD analysis identified a total of 29 bands among the three species, with 26 bands being polymorphic. The number of polymorphic bands amplified per primer ranged from 2 to 6, with a mean of 3.3. Cluster analysis grouped the 3 species into 2 distinct groups. Group 1 consisted of accessions from C. serrata and C. senegalensis, and group 2 consisted of the 6 guar cultivars. Within group 2, Kinman is more distant from the other 5 guar cultivars. Similar results were obtained using ten morphological characters while more variability was detected within group 2 compared with that of RAPD data. Due to the low variability and narrow genetic background of commercial cultivars of guar, more guar germplasm should be introduced in order to breed out new guar cultivars.

  Effects of Low Light Stress on the Growth, Development and Photosynthetic Characters of Peach Tree 2009, 25 (2):  139-142.  Abstract + ( 1349 )   PDF ( 503655KB )   ( 830 ) Low light stress is one of the limiting factors to the protected cultivation of peach. It was reviewed that the advance of relative research in the world on the effects of low light stress on the growth and development, photosynthetic characters, and photo-assimilation partitioning of peach tree. Also, the further research in the future was presented.

  The Effect of Cutting Season, Plant Growth Regulators and Their Concentration on the Rooting of Leucadendron cv. Inca Gold Cuttings 2009, 25 (2):  143-147.  Abstract + ( 1583 )   PDF ( 547463KB )   ( 593 ) The effect of cutting season, plant growth regulators and their concentration on the rooting ratio, the length and number of adventitious root systems of Leucadendron cv. Inca Gold cuttings were compared. The results showed the rooting ratio of the cuttings was the highest in December in green house with auto-irrigation system. IBA could significantly increase the rooting ratio, the length of the adventitious roots, and somewhat the number of adventitious roots. The effect of IBA increased consistently with the concentration. NAA could also increase the rooting ratio and improve the root quality of the cuttings on a certain extent, but the effect was not significant. The average rooting ratio of the half matured cuttings collected from the nursery in December could be 86.67% after immersing in the solution with 3000ppm-4000ppm IBA for 1-2 minutes. The rooted cuttings each had 15 adventitious roots with an average length of 5cm.

  Effects of Greenhouse and Bagging on the Quality and Nutrients of ‘Cuguan’ Pear Fruit 2009, 25 (2):  148-151.  Abstract + ( 1384 )   PDF ( 572392KB )   ( 704 ) The effects of greenhouse and bagging on the fruit quality, the pigment content in peel, and the nutrient contents in fruit of ‘Cuiguan’ pear were studied. The results showed that greenhousing could improve the fruit quality especially in the increase of fructose, starch, Vc, and protein contents etc. Bagging decreased both the single fruit weight and the nutrients in it. Both greenhousing and bagging could cause much decrease of chlorophyll and carotene contents in fruit peel. The treatment of de-bagging after bagging was not applicable for ‘Cuiguan’ pear production in practice.

  Effects of different antitranspirant on keeping the rose cut flowers fresh 2009, 25 (2):  152-155.  Abstract + ( 1517 )   PDF ( 478908KB )   ( 688 ) Effects of different antitranspirant on keeping the rose cut flower was studied. The result indicated: antitranspirant named Vaporgard can extends the rose cut flowers fresh time when its dilution is willed to 1:70 densities to spray the rose cut flowers surface; The antitranspirant Wiltpruf caused the white flowers color change ,so it is not well used for the rose cut flowers of the white flower department ; The most suitable density of the antitranspirant Transfilm was not found;The most suitable density of ABA for the rose cut flowers is 0.01 g/L.

  Study on effect of different factors in Cutting Propagation of Ficus wightiana under controlled environment 2009, 25 (2):  156-159.  Abstract + ( 1330 )   PDF ( 559434KB )   ( 540 ) 【OBJECTIVE】 Ficus wightiana, a Ficus species of northernmost distribution, is a choiceness species in greening of urban streets and building of coastal protection forest, so has great extension value. 【METHOD】To lay the foundation of expand its cultivation scale, this paper aims at study the cutting techniques of Ficus wightiana. In the controlled condition of different environmental factors, branches of different lignification extent were selected, and were dealt with dipping in different concentration ABT rooting powder or NAA solutions for different times, then cut in substrates of different component and ratio. 【RESULTS】 (1) one-year-old semi-lignification twig, V(peat): V(perlite):V(sand) 40:30:15 were the best techniques. By applying techniques above, the surviving rate could reach 82.6%, and the time of rooting was only 20 days. (2) ABT rooting powder and NAA can both promote rooting and surviving. The optimal hormone treatments were ABT(300mg/L) for 45 minutes and NAA (600mg/L) for 10 minutes. 【CONCLUSION】The former hormone treatment could brought the surviving rate at 80.3%, and the time of rooting was only 22 days. The latter hormone treatment could brought the surviving rate at 83.0%, and the time of rooting was only 21 days. The conclusion was educed that the rooting and surviving rate for cutting propagation of Ficus wightiana could reach above 82% under controlled environment of temperature, relative humidity and moisture of substrate, selecting appropriate stem cuttings and substrate, treated appropriate hormone treatment.

  The General Development and Production Techniques of Organic Fruit in China 2009, 25 (2):  160-163.  Abstract + ( 1467 )   PDF ( 593469KB )   ( 955 ) In this paper the general development of organic fruit in China was introduced. The production techniques of organic fruit,including the environment of orchard,the preparation of cultivation,the orchard management,the disease and pest control were briefly reviewed.The certification of organic fruit was also outlined.

  Effect of Pollinators on Fruit set and Sepal Persistence in Dangshansu Pear 2009, 25 (2):  164-167.  Abstract + ( 1757 )   PDF ( 463639KB )   ( 604 ) To definitude the flower sequence with higher fruit set and pollinator with higher rate of fruit without sepal, 12 pear cultivars as pollinators were used in this study. The work studied on the different pollinators effect on the different fruit set sequences and sepal persistence in Dangshansu pear by field experiment, which could provide technologic basis for Dangshansu pear product with high efficiency and fine quality. The results showed that rate of the fruit set was the highest at the third flower sequence and showed no significant difference in different position. The results of different pollinators showed Hongsucui was the highest rate with 70.30% and the lowest Zisu was only 25.24% with significant difference. At the rate of fruit without sepal, Xinshiji was the best pollinator, then Huangguan, and Chili was poorer.

  In Vitro Culture and Micropropagation of Different Hybrids in Cherry Plants 2009, 25 (2):  168-171.  Abstract + ( 1644 )   PDF ( 637366KB )   ( 785 ) In Vitro culture and micropropagation for different selections of cherry plant hybrid including F8 and F10 (P. avium L.× P. pseudocerasus L.), H8 and H10 (P. cerasus L × P. pseudocerasus L.) were studied in this paper. It was showed that by taking MS and F14 basic medium supplemented with different combinations of plant growth regulators such as 6-BA, IBA and GA3, the micropropagation technologies including preliminary culture, subculture and rooting culture were successfully established. Medium F14+6-BA (0.3～0.5)mg/L+GA30.1mg/L is suitable for preliminary culture of the tested selections, F14+6-BA (0.5-1.0) mg/L +IBA0.1 mg/L +GA30.1 mg/L is an optimal subculture medium for proliferation of the In Vitro shoots, satisfactory rooting response can be obtained on medium 1/2MS+IBA0.5 ( or NAA 0.8) mg/L.

  Studies on the somaclonal variants with Resistance to Fusarica Acid in Chieh-qua（Benincasa Hispida Cogn.var.Chieh-qua How.） He Xiao-ming,Da-sen Xie,Qing-wu Peng,Li-xia Mu 2009, 25 (2):  172-175.  Abstract + ( 1370 )   PDF ( 580967KB )   ( 642 ) Fusarium wilt was one of the main diseases of Chieh-qua. For exploiting resistant germplasm, somaclonal variants were selected from adventitious buds by means of in vitro selection using fusarica acid (FA) as the selective agent. Then main traits of the somaclonal variants were studied. The result showed that the suitable concentration of FA for resistance selection was 60~80mg•L-1. The selected-colonies kept resistance to FA during subculture. The R1 and R3 lines from selected-colonies were resistant to fusarium wilt which resistance level were R and MR respectively. These progeny lines were similar to donor material in main agronomic traits except the resistance to fusarium wilt. The result showed that selection in vitro for Resistance to FA was one of optional methods for obtaining the resistance germplasm to fusarium wilt in Chieh-qua.

  Studied on Characteristics of Pollen Germination and Storage of Sweet Persimmon 2009, 25 (2):  176-179.  Abstract + ( 1342 )   PDF ( 449357KB )   ( 580 ) The effect of sucrose concentrations, boric acid, temperature, pH value and different storage conditions on pollen germination of sweet persimmon cv. Zenjimaru in vitro were studied. The results as follows: 25℃, 10% sucrose, 50mg/L boric acid and pH 6 were the optimal conditions for pollen germination, in which the rate of pollen germination was 69.53%. The suitable temperature for keeping pollen viability was -20℃ freeze dehydration, followed by -20℃ freeze, 4℃ low-temperature dehydration, 4℃ low-temperature, normal- temperature dehydration and normal-temperature. So reference basis for pollen-storage and artificial pollination of sweet persimmon in the production was offered.

  Design and Implementation of the Virtual Garden Roam System Based on Quest3D 2009, 25 (2):  180-183.  Abstract + ( 1440 )   PDF ( 533943KB )   ( 1307 ) Abstract：At present, Virtual Reality technology in the application of the garden is only in the exploration period, with the improvement of computer software and hardware equipments and the progress of visualization technology, the application and influence on garden are increasing broad. The article toke a city square garden design as the example and developed garden roam system with Quest3D. It introduced the design process of garden system and researched on landscape scene modeling, plant model and water model control, light and shadow setting, camera setting and other issues. It discussed the application of Quest3D in landscape design, studied the technology of interactive display in landscape and gave a very comprehensive explanation of methods and process about creating a garden system. It offered an efficient way to display the landscape design.

  Testing of Character Variability of New Variey “0120” 2009, 25 (2):  184-186.  Abstract + ( 1282 )   PDF ( 426110KB )   ( 582 ) Height, breadth and diameter of corolla are the important ornamental characters of petunia. The uniformity of three characteristic of the new variety “0210”are analysed by the ways of coefficient of variation and new multiple range test. The uniformity of three characteristic of the new variety “0210”and the variety “Dream” which is the most popular variety of petunia in the world are compared. The result indicated that The variability of breadth of the new variety “0210” is less than the purple, pink, white of “Dream”; The variability of height of the new variety “0210” is less than the purple of “Dream”, but more than the pink, white of the “Dream”. the difference of height is remarkable between the new variety “0210” and the pink and white of “Dream” ,the height of the new variety “0210”is close to the purple “Dream”; the diameter of corolla of new variety “0210” is 8.22cm, is more than the other variety “Dream”. but The variability of diameter of corolla is more than the “Dream”. Big flowers percentage of the “0210”is higher than the rose of the “Dream”.

  植物保护科学

  Study of Wenzhou Heavy Rain Associated with Super Typhoon 0505 2009, 25 (2):  187-191.  Abstract + ( 1239 )   PDF ( 495479KB )   ( 668 ) Using Japanese numberial products,wet positional vortex and east wind,a study of Wenzhou heavy rain associated with super typhoon 0505 is made.The results show that the physical common region,the developing of center intensity and positin of wet positional vortex maximum,east wind all reflected the heavy rain.So in similar to this weather,a more accurate forcasting can be offered.

  Serious Occurrence characteristics of Rice Leafroller（Third Generation）in Guangxi 2009, 25 (2):  192-195.  Abstract + ( 1317 )   PDF ( 525493KB )   ( 626 ) Rice leafroller（Cnaphalocrocis medinalis（Guenée）） is one of major rice pests, the second and third generation among 6~8 generations whole year seriously damage early rice. Influenced by pests source, climate and planting conditions etc. factors, there are several occurrence characteristics of third generation in guangxi, including occurrence wide range, large area, many adult peaks, long-period peaks, large number of moths, high population density, long-period damage, complex field insect, total occurrence area 756 000 hm2, being most serious occurrence one year since 1949. The authors analyze several main reasons, including suitable climate during occurrence period（from late May to mid-June）of third generation，large second generation residual base, large number of abroad migration moths, considerable quantities stranded third generation moths, delayed rice growing period, more bridge fields, adequate pest food, as a result of many rain days, labor tension, inadequate emergency control pesticides, being difficult to implement emergency control etc..

  Study on Cold hardiness of adults of Monolepta occifuvis and the initial temperature and Effective accumulated temperature of eggs Yang Lang,zhen-hua xian,guo-rong deng,li-fei huang 2009, 25 (2):  196-198.  Abstract + ( 1576 )   PDF ( 424228KB )   ( 613 ) Supercooling points and freezing points of adults of Monolepta occifuvis (Gressitt et Kimoto) were measured in laboratory from Nanning, Guangxi Province. The mean supercooling points of the female and male adults were －10.75℃ and －8.88℃ respectively, while their freezing point were －6.5℃ and －3.80 ℃.The results revealed stronger cold hardness in female adults than in male adults. Initial temperature and Effective accumulated temperature of eggs were measured under natural temperature. The results showed that the developmental threshold temperature and the effective accumulative temperature for the egg were estimated to be15.8±0.7℃ and 142.5±9.5 degree days, respectively

  Preparation of antiserum and development of an indirect ELISA to Bacillus BJ-6 strain 2009, 25 (2):  202-205.  Abstract + ( 1321 )   PDF ( 549383KB )   ( 644 ) The strain of Bacillus sp. BJ-6 was isolated from the soil of apricot trees and showed strong inhibitory activity against plant pathogens. Two antisera of Bacillus sp. BJ-6 were successfully prepared by immunized the healthy male rabbit with the antifungal protein antigen and the somatic antigen. In the indirect ELISA, The titers of the two antisera were 1∶3200 and 1:6400. The titer of HRP-labeled secondary antibody was 1:7000. In addition, the two antisera showed species-specific to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Key words：Bacillus；antiserum；preparation；ELISA

  Preliminary Study for Mutagenesis of Bacillus Thuringiensis 2009, 25 (2):  206-209.  Abstract + ( 1480 )   PDF ( 469512KB )   ( 805 ) The Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) which is considered as the most effective biopesticide ,is widely used in the world, but There were many disadvantages such as low ferment efficiency, narrow spectrum and low biological activity. In order to improve the effectiveness of Bt strain, in this paper, mutagenesis strain-improving of Bacillus Thuringiensis were studied to increase its biological activity. Different methods are as follows. Fiestly, ultraviolet mutagenesis was employed to mutagene the strain. Secondly, the strains were mutagened by DES, nitrous acid. mutagenesis conditions were optimized, The results indicate that the crystal protein were improved by these methods above, particularly through the ultraviolet mutagenesis method, The crystal protein increased by34.2%. The strain with a highly increased crystal protein concentra-tion was obtained.

  Determination of phenolic acids in decomposing products of maize straw and their allelopathy on pathogens of winter wheat soil-borne disease 2009, 25 (2):  210-213.  Abstract + ( 1657 )   PDF ( 473524KB )   ( 663 ) Maize straw residue was decomposed under laboratory conditions,and filtered at different time. Phenolic acids was measured by HPLC. The effects of phenolic acids on spore bourgeon and mycelial growth of pathogens of winter wheat soil-borne disease were tasted. The results showed that five kinds of phenolic acids were discovered in decomposing products of maize straw, the types and contents of phenolic acids were different in the decomposing products of different periods, Pathalic acid and Frulic acid in the decomposed liquid filtered at the same time are higher than other three kinds of phenolic acids ; the three kinds of pathogens and the bourgeoning of G.graminis and B.sorokiniana were accelerated and restrained by five kinds of phenolic acids, and the process was stronger with the increase of concentration.

  生态农业科学

  Effect of intercropping patterns on dry matter accumulation and yield components of maize and soybean Gao Yang,Zu-Gui Liu,Jin-Ping Chen,He-Zhou Wang 2009, 25 (2):  214-221.  Abstract + ( 1954 )   PDF ( 852899KB )   ( 817 ) Intercropping of maize and soybean is widely practiced in the northern China. A 2-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of intercropping patterns on dry matter accumulation and yield components of maize and soybean. Results indicated that there was no significant difference in dry matter of single maize for different planting patterns during earlier growing stage (before 79 DAS). During later growing period, there was very significant difference between biomass per plant of 1:3 intercropping (treatment I1) and sole maize, and significant difference between dry matter per plant of 2:3 intercropping (treatment I2) and sole maize. There was also significant difference between dry matter of individual plant of 1:3 intercropping and 2:3 intercropping. There was no significant difference in dry matter of single soybean for different planting patterns during whole growing season. Dry matter accumulation of single maize and soybean was fitted with Logistic equation for the intercropping and monocultures, correlation reached very significant level (P<0.01). Dry matter accumulations in the intercropped maize organs were higher than that of the sole maize because of edge effect. There was little difference in soybean organs for different planting patterns. Comparing with the sole maize, the intercropped maize had higher translocation rate of dry matter. Translocation rate of dry matter of the sole soybean was slightly higher than that of the intercropped soybean. When compared to the maize and soybean in the monoculture, the intercropping (I1 and I2 treatments) increased total yield by 6% and 320%, respectively.

  Study on screening and control effect bio-controlling strain of Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae 2009, 25 (2):  222-225.  Abstract + ( 1382 )   PDF ( 542233KB )   ( 559 ) 280 bio-bacterial strain of Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae was isolated and screened From 141 soil sample, especially inhibition radius of 19 bio-bacterial strain were greater than 17 mms.The greenhouse pot experiment showed that: bio-bacterial strain had control effect on Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae respectively, especially HJ01912, the contorl effect is to 73.80 % , but had no no significant diffrence with chemical reagent.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Progress on the separation techniques of xylitol from its mother liquor 2009, 25 (2):  226-228.  Abstract + ( 1178 )   PDF ( 420910KB )   ( 820 ) This paper discussed different production techniques and analysis methods of xylitol , as well as the research development of the technology of recycling xylitol from its mother liquor.

  Changes of Soil Organic Carbon Mineralization and Enzyme Activities from Different Urban Functional Areas 2009, 25 (2):  229-235.  Abstract + ( 1648 )   PDF ( 830953KB )   ( 823 ) Through incubation tests in laboratory, the mineralization of soil organic carbon(SOC) and enzyme activities of different functional areas were observed. Results showed that enzyme activities were significantly different, urease activity: park＞school＞residence＞industry＞road; phosphatase activity: park＞industry＞school＞residence＞road; invertase activity: residence＞park＞industry＞road＞school; But the dynamic patterns of SOC mineralization from different functional areas were similarly, the rate of SOC mineralization decreased quickly at the beginning, and then decreased slowly during the middle incubation time, and keep relatively constant during the later incubation time, and fitted to logarithmic equation with incubation time. Statistic analysis results showed that mineralization rate of SOC were significantly correlated with SOC, water soluble organic carbon(WSOC) and microbial biomass carbon(MBC), the coefficient is 0.850、 0.689、0.485 respectively. Soil enzyme had no direct relationship with SOC mineralization, but the correlation coefficient between microbial biomass carbon with urease and invertase were 0.606 and 0.642, thus have indirect effects on soil organic carbon mineralization.

  Bio-analysis on EPNs of Steinernema longicaudum BPS strain Li-juan ZHANG 2009, 25 (2):  236-239.  Abstract + ( 1467 )   PDF ( 471811KB )   ( 660 ) The biology analysis on EPNs of Steinernema longicaudum BPS strain, isolated from the oak tree soil near Sheng Quan nunnery in Pinggu district of Beijing, China, was studied to understand the potential of being bio-control agent. The results shown that after 72h infection at 25℃, BPS had similar effectivity to infect hosts at the dosages of 10 and 20IJs/larva. The proofreaded mortality (PM) of Galleria mellonella and Tenebrio molitor was 40.0%, 36.7% and 50.0%, 53.3%, respectively. The ability of BPS infection at the dosages of 40, 80 and 160 IJs/larva was increased while the dosages were raised up. The PM of G. mellonella and T. molitor was 73.3%, 86.7%, 90.0% and 70.0%, 80.0%, 90.0%, respectively. BPS infection at the dosages of 320 and 640 IJs/larva had same effect (100% PM) to both hosts. The heat tolerance of BPS at 40℃ for 1h and 3h, the PM was 98% and 100%, respectively. It was 92.4%, 55.4% and 45.7%, respectively at 37, 36 and 34℃ for 10h, and 100% for 20h. BPS ability of transverse diffusion at 30℃ was better than that at 18℃ and 25℃. There was 34.6% individuals could move 3.6 cm in 24h at 30℃.The results indicated that BPS had good capacity of host infection, heat tolerance and transverse diffusion. Hereby, it was concluded that BPS has the potential to development and application.

  Pollution and the Cluster analysis of Heavy Metals 2009, 25 (2):  240-245.  Abstract + ( 1453 )   PDF ( 624295KB )   ( 912 ) This paper dealt with the contents of heavy metals in surface sediments from Beiershili pool wetland, The result showed that the contents of heavy metals have excessed the cleaned site, we found that the contents of Hg、Zn、Cu、Cd、Pb were very high in sediment of Beiershili pool wetland , which the cluster analysis showed that Zn、Pb、Cu may be a type, Hg 、Cr、Ni may be a type, Cd、As may be a type in the heavy metals. The B5、B11～B18 may be a type, B6 may be alone type in the sampling sites.

  Development Dynamic and Management Strategies of Organic Tea in China 2009, 25 (2):  246-249.  Abstract + ( 1408 )   PDF ( 571185KB )   ( 813 ) Organic tea is the new and bright point for Chinese tea industry growth，and it has favorable ecological, economic and social benefits. Based on its development dynamic, this paper puts forwards some countermeasures of organic tea, in order to help the development of it.

  热带农业科学

  Optimization for Extracting Total DNA and ISSR-PCR System in Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Spreng Meiling Zou 2009, 25 (2):  250-254.  Abstract + ( 1573 )   PDF ( 970438KB )   ( 854 ) Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Gilg classified as Thymelaeaceae, is one of the valuble medicinal plants in our country. But its wilding resource has been profoundly damaged, and has been recorded in《China Plants Red Book》. The improved CTAB method which can extracting high-quality genome DNA of Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.) Spreng was much more simple and efficient than the conventional methods. And the extracted DNA was suitable for the polymorphic analysis based on PCR, such as ISSR-PCR. The optimal ISSR-PCR reaction conditions in Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.) Spreng was established by studying the main parameters. Results showed that the optimum concentration of five important components i.e. template DNA, primer, Mg2+, dNTP, Taq DNA polymerase in 20 µl reaction mixture was 25ng、0.8µmol/L、2.5mmol/L、0.2mmo1/L、1.0U, respectively, and at least 35 PCR cycles should be carried out to ensure sufficient PCR products.

  Effects of Plant Growth Retardants to Chlorophyll Content and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Leaf in Betelnut(Areca catechu L.) Seedling Stage Changming FU 2009, 25 (2):  255-257.  Abstract + ( 1554 )   PDF ( 426161KB )   ( 640 ) To discuss the stocky efficiency of plant growth retardants, characteristics of betelnut(Areca catechu L.) photosysthesis in seedling stage were studied. Field experiments with Hainan betelnut were conducted with 5 treatments , including 250mg/L and 500mg/L of paclobutrazol(PP333)、40mg/L and 80 mg/L of uniconazole (S3307)、natural water(CK)) fromJune to November in 2006 after transplanted 45 days. The content of chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of leaf in betelnut were investigated under different plant growth retardant treatments. The results showed that the content of chlorophyll、the potential activities of PSⅡ(Fv/Fo),conversion eficiency of primary light energy of PSⅡ(Fv/Fm) and photochemical quenching coefficient(qP)were distinctly enhanced，but the non-photochemical quenching coeficient(qN) and NPQ (non-photochemical quenching ) were decreased. 250 mg/L of PP333 was obvious. The conclusion was that the optimum PP333 concentration can add the open proportion of PSⅡ reaction center,promote photosynthetic electron transport,enhance the ability of photosynthetic electron transport,promote photostructure,and strengthen the sturdy stem of betelnut.

  农业信息科学

  Review and application prospects of information technology for agricultural products safety 2009, 25 (2):  258-262.  Abstract + ( 1472 )   PDF ( 672121KB )   ( 762 ) With the improvement of living standards, people pay more attention on safety of agricultural products, at the same time some potential safety problems in circulation of agricultural products were revealed. To ensure the safety of food is an important issue in food production, and thus a good control and monitor system is highly recommended. The traceability system of agricultural products safety and agricultural products safety production management system based on the HACCP system、RFID technology and network technology were built. This paper will make an introduction to them, give an informatization solution to ensure the safety of agricultural products, and analyze information technology in China’s agricultural products in the field of security application development prospects.

  GIS-based Spatial Interpolation of Air Temperature in Anhui 2009, 25 (2):  263-267.  Abstract + ( 1415 )   PDF ( 527005KB )   ( 1134 ) Spatial interpolation of climate data is frequently required to provide input regional agricultural climate resource assessment.In this paper,based on regression analysis combined spatial grid interpolation,the spatial interpolation methods of Inverse distance weight(IDW),Kriging,Spline and combined method are utilized for the comparison study on spatial interpolation of year mean air temperatures from 1971 to 2000 in the anhui province.Based on the mean absolute errors(MAE) and Root Mean Squared Interpolation Error (RMSIE) from cross-validation tests,the methods were ranked as IDW<Kriging<Spline for interpolating mean temperatures.On the whole,IDW gives lowest errors.

  Agricultural information technology and its Public Financial Support 2009, 25 (2):  268-271.  Abstract + ( 1319 )   PDF ( 500085KB )   ( 585 ) Agricultural information technology is an important feature and an important content of Agricultural Informationization. Firstly, to have an impartial comprehension of agricultural information technology, this text gives its definition and its function, and divides the agricultural information technology into foundation technology, common technology and proprietary technology according to the development level. Then, setting out from the Non-competitive consumer and the Non-exclusive consumer of Public Goods, the text respectively analyzes the public-spirited characteristics of foundation technology, common technology and proprietary technology. Finally, according to the differences among the public-spirited characteristics of foundation technology, common technology and proprietary technology, the text discusses support programs of Public Funds for agricultural information technology.

  Geometry Modelling and Visualization of the Apple Inflorescence 2009, 25 (2):  272-276.  Abstract + ( 1443 )   PDF ( 611911KB )   ( 570 ) Three-dimensional apple inflorescence modeling and visualization method is accurately proposed for the sake of achieving interactive designing, geometric modeling and reality realizing three-dimensional structure of apple flower and inflorescence. By observing and analyzing 3D structure of apple flower and inflorescence, we raised the 3D structure mathematical model of anthocaulus, receptacle, calyx, petal, androecium and pistil. At the same time, we get model parameter, integrate the apple flower and inflorescence topology structure information, reconstructed 3D structure of apple flower and inflorescence. In order to enhance the reality of the flower, we raised the generation approach of fine hair on anthocaulus, receptacle and calyx. The results indicate that this method is easy to control and prone to operate, it can reconstruct 3D structure of apple flower and inflorescence precisely and realize the visual simulation of flowering process with more realistic.

  水产渔业科学

  Effects of partially replacing fish meal with Aspergillus oryzae fermented soybean meal and unfermented soybean meal in diets on feed intake and growth of Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) Chen Jing-Hua 2009, 25 (2):  277-282.  Abstract + ( 1370 )   PDF ( 700501KB )   ( 583 ) A study was conducted to examine the effects of partially replacing fish meal in the diets with Aspergillus oryzae fermented soybean meal (FSBM) and unfermented soybean meal (USBM) on feed intake and growth of juvenile Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). The soybean meal were inoculated with a single A. oryzae strain and fermented to obtain one FSBM. The amounts of trypsin inhibitor, phytic acid, soyasaponins, stachyose and raffinose in FSBM were lower than those in USBM. Six isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated in which USBM protein respectively replaced 0% (control), 25%, 40% and 55% FM protein (diet 1-4), FSBM protein respectively replaced 40% and 55% FM protein (diet 5-6). At the end of the feeding trial, the feed intake (FI), specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency ratio (FER) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of the fish fed the diets containing 40% and 55% USBM were significantly lower than those of the control (P<0.01). The FI, SGR, FER and PER of the fish fed 40% FSBM were significantly higher than those of 40% USBM (P<0.01), but not significantly different from the control. The fish fed 55% FSBM also had lower FI and SGR.

  三农问题研究

  Analysis on the Influence Factors in Implementing tea Standardization 2009, 25 (2):  283-286.  Abstract + ( 1454 )   PDF ( 549985KB )   ( 847 ) Agriculture standardization is an inevitable trend of modern agricultural development. In this paper, a typical region and feature industry was studied. Through demonstration study, the influence factors of tea standardization extension, tea market and supervision in implementing tea standardization were analyzed. The study would be the feasible Basis for tea standardization development.

  Actively Promote the New Rural Ecological Civilization Construction 2009, 25 (2):  287-290.  Abstract + ( 1423 )   PDF ( 547148KB )   ( 764 ) Ecological civilization is the inevitable choice for the development of human society. The new rural ecological civilization construction is the significant strategic target in our country’s economy and society development. We should take positive measures from each aspect to promote the new rural ecological civilization construction process.

  Analysis on Science and Technology Need for Fruit Industry Sustainable Development——Based on fruit industry field survey in Pinggu District of Beijing 2009, 25 (2):  291-294.  Abstract + ( 1346 )   PDF ( 674704KB )   ( 533 ) Under the environment of demand improvement and limited nature resource, fruit industry is faced with a series of problems on development space, economic benefit, marketing and so on. The fundamental way for sustainable development of fruit industry lies in science and technology. Based on field survey in Pinggu District of Beijing, this paper summarizes the main problems on production, storage and processing, marketing, and makes suggestions on need for science and technology of fruit industry sustainable development.

  The measures in ecological compensation and policies study of agricultural non-point pollution in Chaohu Lake 2009, 25 (2):  295-299.  Abstract + ( 1922 )   PDF ( 705398KB )   ( 1271 ) According to pollution investigation of crop production, fish breeding and poultry raising in Chaohu Lake, we analyze the reasons of agricultural non-point pollution, and combine with the theory of externality to put forward controlling measures by ecological compensation, including project compensation, The adjustment of industrial structure, development of ecological agriculture and so on, at the same time we discuss ecological compensation policies in controlling Agricultural non-pollution.

  Empirical Research on Relationship Between Diversification and Production Efficiency YU Guo-xin 2009, 25 (2):  300-306.  Abstract + ( 1542 )   PDF ( 759823KB )   ( 726 ) Abstract: This paper based on Pluralistic Operation and the relevant theories of corporate diversification, use the panel data from the annual reports of Chinese agriculture listed companies from 2003 to 2006, analyze the relationship between diversification and corporate performance through model of multivariate regression and method of calculating total factor productivity by the flexible output of capital and labor. The results show that the overall business diversification level and business performance has a negative correlation,and moreover, the relationship between the overall business diversification and production efficiency was changed in the opposite direction for the agricultural listed companies. In contrast with the static data to analyze, production efficiency of horizontal diversification is more than vertical diversification; In terms of development trend, engaging in horizontal diversification will reduce production efficiency, and maintaining an appropriate degree of vertical diversification will promote production efficiency.