Current issue

• 2009 Vol.25 No.14 Published:20 July 2009

  畜牧兽医科学

  Investigation and analysis on the current state of apiculture in Ningxia Luo Shudong, Wang Biao, An Jiandong, Wu Jie, Chu Zhongqiao, Lei Yaopeng 2009, 25 (14):  1-5.  Abstract + ( 1829 )   PDF ( 499822KB )   ( 976 ) The paper introduced the apiculture current state of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region based on the investigation from 2007 to 2008, we reviewed it from the aspect of foraging plants, resource of bees, beekeeping, enterprise of bee products and the apiculture administrate department of Ningxia, at the same time, we analyzed the current problems of the apiculture, and some corresponding developing countermeasures were put forward.

  Screening of the Formulation and Technology of Imidocarb Dihydrochloride w/o Emulsion Pang Tianjin, Bi Kedong, Zou Ming, Liu Huanqi 2009, 25 (14):  6-10.  Abstract + ( 1349 )   PDF ( 695823KB )   ( 849 ) Abstract: The objective of this experiment is to select the basic formula of imidocarb dihydrochloride emulsion(W/O). Screening of the oil phase, the emulsifie species , the amount of emulsifie and the oil-water ratio by the univariate analysis, the optimum formulation and technology of imidocarb dihydrochloride emulsion(W/O) by means of orthogonal test; Basic Formula of imidocarb dihydrochloride emulsion(W/O) were determined, finally, it were screened out that white oil was the optimum oil phase, the optimum hydrophilic surfactant OP-10 was the optimum emulsifier, the Optimum Combination of white oil, the lipophilia surfactant Span-80 and the optimum hydrophilic surfactant OP-10 was preliminaryly ascertainmented. the optimum dosage of the emulsifier in the emulsion is 10% of the prescription , the optimum oil-water ratio was 7:3, the optimum formulation and technology was determined that the emulsifying temperature 50 ℃, emulsifying time 3 min, stirring speed 8000 r/min. through the obove formulation screening and the Process optimization, 2% imidocarb dihydrochloride emulsion(W/O) was prepared.

  Observation of the Vitro bacteriostasis Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine on the Major Pathogenic Bacteria Causing Mastitis Zhang Shaohua, Sun Dandan, Shi Wanyu, Qin Jianhua, Zhong Xiuhui, Bao Yongzhan, Ren liqin 2009, 25 (14):  11-14.  Abstract + ( 1663 )   PDF ( 551565KB )   ( 919 ) Three kinds of major pathogenic microorganisms that cause mastitis of diary cows were selected and the in vitro antibiosis effects of 21 kinds of Chinese medicinal herbs such as Radix Scutellariae et.al. were tested through the method of stiletto. Twenty four nutrient agar medium were divided into there groups. Smear Escherichia Coli on A1-A8 nutrient agar medium homogeneous. Smear S. aurous on B1-B8 nutrient agar medium homogeneous. Smear Streptococcus agalactiae on C1-C8 nutrient agar medium homogeneous. Then slotting uniform upon the nutrient agar medium, respectively, each plate six hole. Add 20μL of every medical solution into each hole, and two holes were made to parallel samples. Add 21 chinese medicine to A1-A7，B1-B7，C1-C7, respectively,and A8,B8,C8 were the normal control which were added deionized water only. These nutrient agar medium were incubated at 37℃ for 24 h. Bacterial existence and antibacterial circle diameter were observed. We found that different medicine for different strains produce different effects.The experiment results showed above supplied the scientific evidence for filtering Chinese medicinal herbs to prevent and cure the mastitis.

  Effect of Chicken α- interferon on Immune Function of Chicken Chang Kai, Ma Fenglong, Shan Hu 2009, 25 (14):  15-17.  Abstract + ( 1397 )   PDF ( 519474KB )   ( 855 ) Abstract: 80 ten-day-old chickens being healthy and having even weight were randomly divided into 4 groups,20 for each group. The first group was control group injected physiological brine. Chickens from the second to fourth groups were respectively injected 1000 units,10000units and 100000 units α-interferon. Immune organ index number, lymphocyte conversion ratio, interleukin-2 content, Serum complement activity were determined. The results showed that Immune organ index number, lymphocyte conversion ratio, interleukin-2 content, Serum complement activity of the third group were higher than the others.

  农业生物技术科学

  Advances in studies on propagation of a living fossil plant- Wollemi pine (Wollemia nobilis) Niu YanLi, Du Juan, Yu ZhiJun 2009, 25 (14):  18-21.  Abstract + ( 1249 )   PDF ( 495751KB )   ( 721 ) Wollemia nobilis is a monotypic genus in Araucariaceae and one of the oldest living fossil plants in the earth. At present it is on the verge of extinction, so effective propagation measures must be taken in order to protect it. However, there were few reports about it. This paper summarized the research progress of propagation and other fields about Wollemia nobilis, and further discussed the application prospects.

  Study on the Field Screening for Transgenic Alfalfa by Smearing Kanamycin on the Leaves Yan Liping, Xia Yang, Liang Huimin, WangYouping,, Liu Cuilan, Wang Zhenmeng, Li Li 2009, 25 (14):  22-26.  Abstract + ( 1982 )   PDF ( 3353316KB )   ( 1033 ) Kanamycin can be used to select the transformed plants containing the nptⅡgene. In order to assay the optimal screening concentration to nptⅡ gene, Kanamycin was smeared to the surface of the transformed alfalfa leaves. It showed that 1000mg/L Kanamycin with 12 days’ selecting was best. This method was compared with PCR as well, and the results suggested that the equivalent ratio was 93.8 % in the resistant plants. Accordingly, a simple method of filed screening gene transgenic alfalfa has been made. This result is very useful for the transgenic alfalfa to be screened and cultivated.

  Extraction of Genomic DNA and Optimization of ISSR Reaction System with Orthogonal Design in Bramble Dong Xiaoli, Tang Haoru, Chen Qing, Wang Xiaorong, Hou Yanxia 2009, 25 (14):  27-31.  Abstract + ( 1585 )   PDF ( 1008055KB )   ( 889 ) Abstract: Using one of the excellent germplasm resources of bramble Rubus coreanus as material, three different DNA-extracting methods (SDS method, CTAB method and modified CTAB method) were employed to be compared in order to isolate high-quality genomic DNA from young leaves. The results showed that the SDS method, the CTAB method and the modified CTAB method can extract DNA. But the modified CTAB method was better than the other two methods, because it could obtain high quality DNA with less impurity. By orthogonal design, a satisfactory ISSR reaction system was established, i.e. a total volume of 25 μl system, it contained 1×PCR Buffer, 2 mmol/L Mg2+, 1.5 U Taq DNA polymerase, 0.2 μmol/L primer, 0.4 mmol/L dNTP and 20 ng DNA template. We tested this reaction system and it worked well with primer UBC835 using in ten bramble cultivars and UBC873 using in eight bramble wild materials.

  Developing Restorer Lines with Intermediate Amylose Content by Molecular Marker- Assisted Selection in Rice Hou Liheng,, Xia Mingyuan, Qi Huaxiong , Yuan Qianhua, Yin Desuo 2009, 25 (14):  32-36.  Abstract + ( 1622 )   PDF ( 890800KB )   ( 789 ) To breed new hybrid rice with intermediate level amylose content (AC), a new rice variety with intermediate AC, HC086, was used as the donor parent of Wx gene, crossed with 4 restorers (R898, R476, R838, R6547) to raise their AC, combining the marker-assisted selection (MAS) of PCR-AccI testing technology. Analysis of genotypes and AC of improved lines revealed that the AC of new lines with new Wx gene were elevated from10.6-14.4% to 18.0-21.4% , and the F1 hybrids derived from new lines crossing to Guangzhan63S and Y58S reached to the intermediate AC level with no obvious change in main traits.

  Study on Three Methods Screening Transgenic Rapeseed Tagging NPT-II WEI Xian-Ya , , 2009, 25 (14):  37-41.  Abstract + ( 1343 )   PDF ( 2515272KB )   ( 1024 ) Abstract: In order to obtain the simple method of sieving the seeds of transgenic rapeseed tagging NPT-II. Using three methods such as Kanamycin daubing vane, dipping seeds and MS culture medium containing Kanamycin to study. The results indicated that the best Kanamycin choice press was 200 mg/L. The method of Kanamycin daubing vane can distinguish to Km- resistance or not for 4-5 days. Four plants were chosen in this method and its PCR detection was positive. The reliability reached 100%. The method of dipping seeds can distinguish to Km- resistance or not for 2-3 days. Five plants were chosen in this method and its PCR was positive. The reliability reached 100%. The method of Kanamycin MS culture medium can distinguish to Km- resistance or not commonly for 2-3 days. Twenty plants were chosen in this method but only five saved in transplanting. The result of PCR detection is that there plants were positive and two were negative. The reliability reached 60%. So, it could be thought Kanamycin daubing vane and dipping seeds were ideal methods for fast screening transgenic rapeseed and descendant’s heredity analysis.

  UV-B and Plant DNA：Damage and Repair He Yongmei, Zu Yanqun, Li Yuan 2009, 25 (14):  42-46.  Abstract + ( 1406 )   PDF ( 508337KB )   ( 1079 ) Stratospheric ozone depletion enhanced solar UV-B radiation reaching the earth surface, resulting in damaging to DNA of plant epidermal cells, induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimmers (CPD) and 6-4 photoproducts. The sensitivity of plant DNA to UV-B was related with different UV-B radiation intensity and different plant cytoplast, and the dose-effect relationship was showed. Generally, the organisms could repair DNA damage induced by UV-B radiation. Plant could repair DNA damage induced by UV-B through many methods, mainly included light-repair, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair and recombination repair etc. The reparation of DNA damage was positively related with UV-B radiation intensity，generally. The contents were reviewed in this paper involved DNA damage induced by UV-B, The sensitivity of plant DNA to UV-B radiation, reparation of DNA damage and further research keys.

  Isolation and Culture of Protoplasts in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) ling , , , , 2009, 25 (14):  47-50.  Abstract + ( 1497 )   PDF ( 904467KB )   ( 726 ) Abstract: The effect of different enzyme combination, time of enzymolysis, osmtic pressure on protoplast isolation of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were studied. Young leaves and somatic embryiogenic calli of peanut cultivar Huayu20 were used as materials. The results showed that the appropriate enzyme solution was contained 2% cellulase, 0.2% pectinase and 0.7 mol/L mannitol. When cultured for 10 hours in dark, the protoplast yield was 4.86×105 protoplasts, and the activity was 75.6%. After purification, the protoplast was cultured in the modified liquid MS medium containing 1mg/L NAA and 4 mg/L BAP. The first cell division occurred within 2 to 3 days. Then some of the cells divided and developed into colonies. After 5 to 6 weeks, colonies were transferred in the liquid MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L 2,4-D and 3 mg/L BAP. After 7 to 8 weeks of incubation, protoplast-derived calli up to 1-2 mm in diameter were transferred onto the solid MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L NAA and 5 mg/L BAP, for callus proliferation. After 3 to 4 weeks of transferring, the calli grew to 7-9 mm in diameter.

  The Method of Total RNA Isolation from the Wild Banana Leaves ZHANG Miao-Xia , 2009, 25 (14):  51-54.  Abstract + ( 1557 )   PDF ( 689208KB )   ( 1189 ) Total RNA was isolated from wild banana leaves by using the methods of TRIZOL Regent kit，RNAsio Regent and improved CTAB. The quality of total RNA was analyzed through gel electrophoresis and UV spectrometer. The results indicated that the RNA isolated by the method of improved CTAB showed clear bands of 28SrRNA and 18SrRNA，and the value of OD260／OD280 was 1.80-1.95，the value of OD260／OD230 was 1.75-2.10. RNA isolated by the other two methods degraded seriously．RNA could be reverse to cDNA．The cDNA was used for RT-PCR amplifying，but the electrophoresis figure by RT-PCR showed that there was one distinct band using the RNA templet isolated by the method of CTAB. These results demonstrated that the quality and purity of the RNA obtained by the method of improved CTAB could meet the demands of molecular biology experiment．

  The Application of Molecular Techniques in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Wang Jin, Xu Guizhen, Li Yurong, Cheng Zengshu, Chen Silong 2009, 25 (14):  55-58.  Abstract + ( 1563 )   PDF ( 481003KB )   ( 842 ) In the recent years, the molecular techniques developed rapidly, and it was used in sesame. The principle and characteristic of molecular markers, including RAPD, ISSR, SRAP, SSR and AFLP which were used in sesame study, were introduced in this paper. Applications of molecular techniques were reviewed in genetic diversity of germplasm resources and identification of molecular markers linked to important trait in sesame. The molecular markers foreground was viewed about sesame.

  Studies on variation and correlations of the main traits of Cistanche deserticola germplasm 2009, 25 (14):  59-62.  Abstract + ( 1077 )   PDF ( 502985KB )   ( 970 ) 【OBJECTIVE】To study on the variation level and correlations of the morphology, yield, quality and agronomic traits among different germplasm of C. deserticola. Methods: The morphology and yield traits of 61 individual plants were measured and weighed. At the same time, the quality traits were determined using HPLC method recorded in Chinese pharmacopoeia. Then, all the 16 traits were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS11.0 statistical analysis software. Results: Analysis of variance on all the traits shows that there are significant differences between different germplasm, especially the yield and quality traits. The coefficient of variation among the contents of acteoside was as high as 91.6%. As well, the diameter and length of the under-part were correlated significantly (at the 0.01 level) with the fresh and dry weight. However, there were no positive correlation between the quality traits and the morphology or yield traits. But the contents of echinacoside were negative correlated with the diameter of the upside of the stem. Conclutions: Results showed that there was ample diversity in morphology and quality traits, which will be a theoretical and material basis for Cistanche deserticola breeding. At the same time, correlation results provide scientific references for breeding objectives, cultural practices and collecting periods.

  Rapid Extraction Total DNA from Purple Tsai-tai and Characterization with SSR Molcular Marker Bai Zhanbing,, Ding Zhuoyi,, Li Xuefeng,,等 2009, 25 (14):  63-66.  Abstract + ( 1341 )   PDF ( 710407KB )   ( 961 ) To take full advantage of originating in China's Purple Tsai-tai resources. It can quickly extract the total DNA is the use of molecular biology research foundation. This method is a simplified CTAB method, can rapid extraction of large quantities of Purple Tsai-tai DNA, Extraction rate equivalent to the speed with extraction kit. Extraction amount is much larger than the kit, which can also adapt to other crops.

  Identification of an Antagonistic Actinomycete 111A202 and Its 16S rDNA Sequence Analysisi Yan Xia, Lin Yanbing，Li Huifen 2009, 25 (14):  67-69.  Abstract + ( 1640 )   PDF ( 921566KB )   ( 1121 ) An antagonistic actinomycete named 111A202 was isolated from the cotton field in Xinjiang Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Its morphology, physiological and biochemical properties, cellwall pattern were characterized. The 16S rRNA gene of strain 111A202 was sequenced and analyzed for similarities to related bacterial species. Results showed that strain 111A202 is a member of the Genus Streptomyces, and the strain was named (S. albidoflavus 111A202).

  食品科学

  Testing and Evaluation of Chemical Hazards in Rice Cake Zhang Shufen, Wang Quanlin, Ying Lu, Zhou Ziyan 2009, 25 (14):  70-75.  Abstract + ( 1568 )   PDF ( 575392KB )   ( 999 ) Abstract: In this paper, the chemical additivs in rice cake for marketing, such as decolourant, preservative and antioxidant, have been evaluated based on hazard analysis principle. Study results indicated that the misapplication chemical additives in rice cake have been appeared potential safety hazard. The reasons of misapplication chemical additive were analyzed, and some measures and suggestions for keep away from safety risk were also put forward.

  Purification Study on Exopolysaccharides Produced by Streptococcus thermophilus Tx from Tibetan Kefir , , , ,刘慧 LIU Hui 2009, 25 (14):  76-80.  Abstract + ( 1352 )   PDF ( 1014664KB )   ( 741 ) Abstract:【OBJECTIVE】In order to get the pure exopolysaccharides produced by Streptococcus thermophilus Tx from Tibetan Kefir. The purification methods were analyzed, and at last the best purification method was found;【METHOD】Sepharose CL-6B was used to make a classical purification, Using ultraviolet scan and chromatogram to identify the purification effect, the purification detection;【RESULTS】Optimization purification conditions: adoption sodium chloride 0.05～0.06 mol/L, the velocity 0.25 mL/min, the sample concentration 1.0 mg/mL, the sample capacity 1.0 mL;【CONCLUSION】On optimization purification conditions EPS purity is 98.01%, 1.4 times larger than former, which provides the basement for the study of EPS structure and function.

  Establishment and Application of HACCP System in Production of Clear Apple Juice Concentrate for Export ZHANG Shao-Ying , 2009, 25 (14):  81-85.  Abstract + ( 1406 )   PDF ( 499561KB )   ( 819 ) HACCP System is applied in the production of clear apple juice concentrate for export. All Hazards which affect the food safety in the production of apple juice concentrate were studied, and 5 critical control points (Receiving material, Sorting, Pasteurization Ⅱ,Filtrating ,Checking Seal) were determined. Every critical limit was set on the ground of experience and experiment. The action of monitoring and correction was established. And we explain and analyze HACCP system so as to effectually use it, thus we can achieve the food safety of clear apple juice concentrate.

  农业基础科学

  National Cotton quality and safety of the census results and recommendations Wang Yanqin, Yang Weihua, Xu Hongxia, Zhou Dayun, Feng Xin’ai, Kuang Meng 2009, 25 (14):  86-90.  Abstract + ( 1514 )   PDF ( 550683KB )   ( 943 ) Abstract: The census of the national cotton quality and safety was completed in 2003-2007. In the three main cotton-producing regions , 546 basis points were selected for a survey of cotton production, while 2201 samples were taken for cotton fiber quality testing, Master of Chinese cotton production and quality of the basic conditions and found that a number of inherent problems and made a few suggestions for improvement.

  Cucumber seed germination and Physiological and Biochemical characteristics responsed to different concentrations of Nickel stress 2009, 25 (14):  91-94.  Abstract + ( 1243 )   PDF ( 520084KB )   ( 835 ) Abstract: Cucumbers were used to study the effect of seed germination and the activity of hypocotyls superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) responsing to different concentrations of nickel (Ni2 +) stress. The results indicated that: Ni2 + treatment has activative effect under low concentrations but inhibitory effect under high concentration for cucumber seed germination, and the inhibitory effect gradually increases with the increasing concentration; the content of MDA in cells increases slightly at low concentrations of Ni2 +, and then increases gradually as the concentration of nickel increases ; the activity of SOD and CAT in the endogenous protective enzyme system increases first and then reduced with the increasing concentration of Ni2 +.However,the activity of POD keeps increasing with the increasing concentration of Ni2 +.

  Study on Some Contents of the Medium and Trace Elements in Tobacco Leaves in Guiyang Area of Hunan Province Ding Yongle, Huang Fei, Han Xiaozhe, Song Ruifang, Deng Zhengping 2009, 25 (14):  95-98.  Abstract + ( 1549 )   PDF ( 463235KB )   ( 656 ) Abstract: In order to study on the changing condition of some contents of the medium and trace elements in tobacco leaves in Guiyang area in recent years, detected the medium and trace elements contents of different positions of tobacco leaves at Heping and Qiaoshi townships of Guiyang area in 2005 and 2007 with the methods of ICP and compared with that of Zimbabwe. The results showed that, compared with that in 2005, the contents of B, Fe and Cu were decreased evidently and were at a lower level in 2007, and at the same time the content of Mn was slightly lower but with a moderate content. Compared with the tobacco leaves of Zimbabwe, the tobacco leaves of Guiyang area were poor in B, Fe and Cu. The study suggests to increase the application amount of the medium and trace elements in Guiyang area.

  林业科学

  The Research on Landscape Disturbance of Ecotourism Zhang Yamei, Zhu Yufang, Li Ruoning 2009, 25 (14):  99-103.  Abstract + ( 1094 )   PDF ( 515282KB )   ( 656 ) The rise of ecotourism and prosperity brings a series of landscape disturbance. The paper with a point of view of landscape ecology analyzes and explores the landscape disturbance of ecotourism, the paper researches disturbance of landscape pattern and landscape elements in ecotourism, that research the landscape of different form of disturbance, and that describes evaluation of landscape disturbance, we acquire corresponding countermeasures on the basis of the research, that gives some proposals for solving the current existent contradiction between ecotourism and landscape protection.

  Monitoring dynamics of Euzophera batangensis Caradja and forecast its extent of injury with Sex-pheromon Liu Manguang,, Wen Xiujun, Zhang Xiuhong, Hou Junming Jin airong, Han Huizhi, Wang Zhenliang, Li Mengchai 2009, 25 (14):  104-107.  Abstract + ( 1378 )   PDF ( 1211201KB )   ( 844 ) the main period of the moth appeared is from the middle ten days of April to the latter part of August.there is not another peak-hour except overwintering generation in the period from the end of August to the beginning of May. The synthetic pheromon can catch the male moth at night，the sole rush hour is 0：00-3：00. The synthetic pheromon can forecast the extent of injury，the formula is y =0.0181x and y =1.0242x.in this formula,y is the amount of the catched males,the first x is the amount of the damaged jujube trees，and the next is the larva density in the forest.

  农艺科学

  Analysis about Management Measures of Peanut Planting Production in Different Region of Shangdong Province ZHAO ZHAO Xiu-Fen , , 2009, 25 (14):  113-117.  Abstract + ( 1418 )   PDF ( 497349KB )   ( 1050 ) The status and problems of management measures on peanut planting production in different region of Shangdong province were discovered through analyzing farmers’ questionary. Results show that the variance range of peanut yield was wide, renovating velosity of varity was slow, and the ratio of repeated cultivation just was 4.1%. The ratio of previous crop straw retures was 14.5%. Soil preparation was carried out by most farmers before planting. Farmers of turning the soil and no-tillage were 48.9% and 17.2%, respectively. Overmuch nitrogen and phosphorus were applicated, an d the ratio of farmers of application manure just was 13.1%. and the ratio of base and topdressing were unreasonable.

  Influence of no tillage on root growth and rhizosphere environment in rice ⅡInfluence of no tillage on activities of antioxidant enzymes in root Zhou Jiamin, Xun Shihong,,, Jiang Ligeng 2009, 25 (14):  118-121.  Abstract + ( 1435 )   PDF ( 458781KB )   ( 598 ) Pot experiments were conducted in the early and late seasons of 2007 to compare the differences of activities of antioxidant enzymes in rice root under no tillage, conventional tillage and root separating cultivation conditions. Results showed that activities of SOD, CAT and POD in the root of no tillage rice or no tillage side in separating cultivation were lower that in root of conventional rice root or in root of conventional side in separating cultivation at elongation stage, while their contents of MDA were higher. However, this trend was exactly opposite. It can be concluded that, compared with conventional tillage rice, no tillage rice was provided with the characteristic of slower root senescence at later growth period.

  General type maize planting density of different modes of study 2009, 25 (14):  122-125.  Abstract + ( 1139 )   PDF ( 457954KB )   ( 762 ) Abstract: The common plant varieties of maize Nongda 108 in a fixed set of three density premise, General type maize planted by adjusting the ratio of production to explore different levels of density changes in the rule. The results showed that: high-density production more than the low-density that of production, the size of the line for the cultivation of the common plant type Nongda 108, did not yield significant changes in production and density are closely related, and no pattern of cultivation Too.

  The study of Sorghum planting mode in Arid and Semi-arid Area , , , , 2009, 25 (14):  126-129.  Abstract + ( 1365 )   PDF ( 623898KB )   ( 779 ) Abstract: This paper study the effects of cultivation, fertilization and the quantity of fertilization for sorghum yield, in order to find a new planting mode for the Arid and Semi-arid Area. The results showed that , the water raised 31.16~35.55%, the yield increased 27.69~28.71%, the apparent utilization of nitrogen increased 4.18%~5.26%, the utilization of water increased 24.52%~27.38%.

  Study on Cultivated Technology for Super high yield of Summer Maize in Huanghuaihai Region Zhang Shoulin, Wang Yaochuang, Qi Tingxiang, Cheng Lixin, Xu Guoju, Su Yujie, Qin Yongtian, Li Yanchang 2009, 25 (14):  130-133.  Abstract + ( 1874 )   PDF ( 540836KB )   ( 1281 ) Field experiments were conducted to study multiple cultivated technologies for super high yield of summer maize at Huanghuaihai Region with an elite hybrid Xundan 20, which has high and stable yield, multiple resistances and compact structure. Planting density, yield components, agronomic traits, leaf area index and group leaf area duration were analyzed in the study, the results showed that Xundan 20 had long trimness in high density. The high value of leaf areas kept over 60 days, and the effective illumination hours（PAR_Avg≥300mmol/s/m2）were over 780 hours in the whole developing stage. Through the multiple agricultural technology usage, the yield of summer maize in this experiment was above 15000kg/hm2 in 2005 and 2007.

  Effects of Nighttime Temperature Increases on the Seedling Quality of Double Season Rice 2009, 25 (14):  134-137.  Abstract + ( 1099 )   PDF ( 690311KB )   ( 741 ) By using the different nighttime temperature in two glass-houses, the experiments were conducted to study the effects of nighttime temperature increases on the seedling quality of double season rice. The results showed that: nighttime temperature increases can accelerate leaf appearance of rice seedlings obviously, and increase dry matter accumulation. But the root growth ability(the root number×average root length) and root length were decreased by nighttime temperature increases.

  植物生理科学

  Effects of Chitooligosaccharide on the Germination and Related Enzyme Activities of Tobaco Seeds ,Gao Zhi-Mou , , , 2009, 25 (14):  138-141.  Abstract + ( 1654 )   PDF ( 694417KB )   ( 774 ) The germination vigor, germination rate and related enzyme activities of K326 tobacco seeds socked with chitooligosaccharide solution of different concentrations were tested, respectively, to explore the effects of chitooligosaccharide on the germination and related enzyme activities of tobacco seeds. The results indicated that within the concentration range from 0.2 mg/mL to 1.0 mg/mL, chitooligosaccharide could improve significantly germination vigor and germination rate of tobacco seeds, and that the optimum concentration for treatment was 0.4mg/mL. The germination vigor and rate of seeds treated by the optimum concentration were 40% and 6% higher than those of the control, respectively. The peroxidase (POD) activities in the germination seeds treated by 0.4mg/mL chitooligosaccharide were significantly higher than that of the contrast (seed socking with water). And the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) in the germination seeds treated by 0.4mg/mL chitooligosaccharide were also significantly higher than those of the control of not-seed- socking. The possible mechanism in improving germination vigor, germination rate of chitooligosaccharide was discussed based on the results mentioned above.

  Effects of the Fertilizers Made from Animal Tissues on the Content and Relationships of Micro-element in Rhizosphere Soils and Leaves of the Potted Walnut Cui Nannan, Kong Yun, Gao Xiahong, Fun Zhanguo, Yao Yuncong 2009, 25 (14):  142-147.  Abstract + ( 1361 )   PDF ( 826661KB )   ( 687 ) Pot plant experiment was conducted to study the effect of the different fertilizer made from animal tissues on content change and relationships of micro-elements nutrient in rhizosphere soils and leaves of two-year Xiangling walnut (Juglandaceae nigira cv.xingling). Six kinds of formulations of blood meal, egg shell meal, chicken manure and ammonium phosphates were selected as the fertilizer treatments to measure the content and relationships of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn in rhizosphere soils and leaves of young walnut in growth period. The result showed that: the content of the micro-element in rhizosphere soils of walnut showed the tendency to increase first and then decrease and the change trend of the content of the micro-element in leaves was different with fertilizer treatments. Compared with the control, the content of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn in rhizosphere soils and leaves of walnut were improved significantly, but the promoting effects of different fertilizer treatments on elements were different on test point. Correlative analysis showed that there were significant positive relationships among the micro-elements in rhizosphere soils and leaves of walnut, there were some significant negative relationships among the micro-elements in the content of elements of rhizosphere soils to that of leaves of walnut plant. It was speculated that comprehensive effect of the formulation of fertilizer made from animal tissues--blood meal:40g,egg shell meal:30g,ammonium phosphates:10g（T6）on Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn in rhizosphere soils and leaves of walnut was better than other treatments.

  Analysis of differential proteomics in the roots of allelopathic rice responding to lower phosphorus stress Lu Jinchi, Wang Haibin, Chen Rongshan, Liu Changhui, Guo Xukui, Lin Zhihua, He Haibin,, Lin Wenxiong, 2009, 25 (14):  148-152.  Abstract + ( 1525 )   PDF ( 880519KB )   ( 819 ) To reveal the molecular mechanism of rice responding to lower phosphorus stress, the differential expression of proteins in the roots of allelopathic rice PI312777 was detected by the method of differential proteomics. Eleven proteins with obviously different abundance were producted by MALDI-TOF/MS. According to the function of proteins, those proteins were classified into three categories: In the first category, proteins were related to signal transduction-Cytochrome B5, Receptor-like kinase; In the second category, proteins were associated with plant growth-Putative chloroplast SPR receptor cpFtsY, Putative cdc2-like protein kinase cdc2MsC, Auxin transport protein, Proline-rich protein family-like; In the third category, proteins were related to allelochemical metabolism-Putative salicylic acid carboxyl methltransferase, Putative 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, Putative cytochrome P450, Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, Putative squalene monooxygenase. In addition, the eleven proteins were all up-regulated with the exception of Cytochrome B5 and Putative squalene monooxygenase.

  Effects of High Temperature Stress on Several Physiochemical Indexes of Tall Fescue 2009, 25 (14):  153-156.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   PDF ( 604057KB )   ( 842 ) Abstract: Studied the changes of physiological Indexes ,such as RWC(relative water content), CAT activity,MDA content,PRO content,of tall fescue “Houndog5” under the optimum temperature (15℃,25℃) and high temperature (35℃, 45℃). Compared with the temperature of 15℃, the results showed that the RWC and the CAT activity decreased significantly, MDA and PRO content increased obviously under high temperatur,then cell membrane-lipid peroxided,membrane structure be destroyed,physiologic function disordered and resistance decreased,these were main reasons of tall fescue oversummering hard and get ill easily.The correlation analysis showed that RWC and CAT had significant positive correlation(r>0.95), RWC, CAT and MDA, PRO had significant impositively correlation(r> -0.95), MDA and PRO had significant positively correlation(r>0.95). Therefore,to select RWC and PRO determined easy as important parameters of breeding heat resistant variety will reduce lots of workload and improve work efficiency.

  Effects of Salicylicacid on The Ideotype And Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes of Narcissus Ttazetta L. Var.Chinensis Roem. 2009, 25 (14):  157-160.  Abstract + ( 1523 )   PDF ( 1232032KB )   ( 833 ) The leaves of Narcissus tazetta L.were sprayed with different concentrations of Salicylicacid (SA) . After treated with SA, the dwarfing effect are significantly different and the activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) in the leaves 、root and petals were increased. While the activities of Peroxidase (POD) and contents of Malonadehyde (MDA) were decreased.Aad the Permeability of plasma membrance (PMP) was decreased,the florescence was prolonged with different concentrations of SA ,in which the 3 mmol/L was the best.

  Effects of copper stress on Brassica chinensis L Quality indicators 2009, 25 (14):  161-163.  Abstract + ( 1370 )   PDF ( 592714KB )   ( 970 ) Copper stress led to the reduction of nitrate content of plants. Nitrate reductase (NR) activity and vitamin C showed in negative correlation of copper stress.The contents of soluble protein lightly increased, then declined distinctly under the higher concentration of copper stress.The contents of soluble sugar increased in low-copper solution, then reduced when the copper concentration is above the certain degree.

  Effect of Organic N on the Pigments Metabolism and Relating Enzyme Activity of Growing Flue-cured Tobacco Leaf Wei Fengjie, Ding Hongying, Zhang Dongyu, Zhang Hongtao 2009, 25 (14):  164-167.  Abstract + ( 1226 )   PDF ( 627649KB )   ( 785 ) Pot experiment was conduction to study the effect of organic N on the pigments metabolism and relating enzyme activity of growing flue-cured tobacco leaf. Results obtained are as follows: The content of Chlorophyll、Chlorophyllase、Carotenoids during the growth of flue-cured tobacco leaf under the organic N condition. Under the mineral N, the proportion of chlorophyll a/b were holding invariableness, but the proportion of chlorophyll a/b were lower during the later anaphase under the organic N condition. During the former and metaphase the content of neoxanthin under the organic N condition were more, but conditions were changed during the later anaphase. The content of lutein andβ-carotene in condition of organic N were remarked more than theirs in the mineral N condition. Two conditions had sameness effect on vioxanthin. During the former phase of flue-cured tobacco leaf the activity of LOX(mineral) were higher, but after 30 days the activity of LOX(organic) were remarkable higher than minerals. Proportion of the carotenoids and the relation of the pigment and relating enzyme had changed under the organic N. The experimentation indicated that chlorophyll and carotenoids had no remarkable relationship with the chlorophyllase and LOX during the growth of flue-cured tobacco leaf. This experimentation preliminary showed that β-carotene、neoxanthin were more were the one biochemistry reason of the aroma more under the organic N, and activity of LOX and chlorophyllase(under the organic)during the latter growth phase were the one physiology foundation of the better quality of flue-cured tobacco leaf under the organic N in Henan province.

  Relationship of Climatic Scab and Nutrition of Flue-cured Tobacco and Soil Yang Shaocong, Zhang Yanjun, lv Yanling, Duan Yonghua, Zhang Junyun, Fei Yong, Rao Min, Liao Kai 2009, 25 (14):  168-172.  Abstract + ( 1415 )   PDF ( 599055KB )   ( 594 ) Abstract: This article in view of the tobacco climate scab question which often occurs in Yuxi tobacco production. According to the internal factor (Nutrition of Tobacco), take the rhizosphere soil and the leaves of all part position of plant as the exploration object, the distribution of disease in the field and the change of leaf nutrient has been researched by the method which combined field investigation, gathering pair samples and detection and analyse indoor. The result showed that climate scab mostly (83.5%) occurred on between 4th to 7th leaf (From down to up) during the earliest of anthesis. The internal factor is that it contented overmuch Nitrogen, Calcium and Magnesium but lack Potassium in the plants of tobacco which climate scab occurred on. Thus the rates of N/K, Mg/K and Ca/K were increased that result in unbalancing of between Nitrogen, Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium. Also, the basic reason what with overtop content effective Nitrogen (especially NO3－N and NH4－N ) and interchanging Magnesium and Potassium and lower content effective Potassium in the soil. Key word: flue-cured tobacco; climate scab; nutrition of soil; nutrition of tobacco

  土壤肥料科学

  Distribution of Organic Carbon Storages in Purple Paddy Field Basined on Region Scale tangxiaohong_00@yahoo.com jianglj_00@.com 2009, 25 (14):  173-177.  Abstract + ( 1280 )   PDF ( 1233981KB )   ( 1938 ) Basined on soil type methods and region scale, the distribution of soil organic carbon storages in purple paddy soil of Chongqing were investigated. The results showed that the storage of SOC in Banan district of Chongqing was 6.48×106 t and average SOC density in Banan district with 8.31 kg m-2 was higher than that of China. Carbon density of paddy soil in Banan district ranged from 1.73 kg m-2 to 3.70 kg m-2 at the depth of 0-20 cm, while that in profile ranged from 5.13 kg m-2 to 14.07 kg m-2. Storages of SOC at the depth of 0-20 cm and at the depth of 100 cm were 1.18×106t and 4.39×106 t, respectively. The whole distribution trend of SOC density with strip was high heterogeneous characters and the similar accumulation of SOC storages was observed among the same type of soils.

  Effects of Boron application methods on growth, Leaf yield and quality of Yunyan87（Nicotiana tabacum. L） Liu Youcai, Xu Jianping, Xu Zhigang, Liu Yanzhong, Xu Gang, Nian Fuzhao 2009, 25 (14):  178-181.  Abstract + ( 1307 )   PDF ( 716660KB )   ( 782 ) A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of boron（B） application methods on the growth, leaf yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, the results indicated that, compared to the treatments of applying boron(B) to tobacco plants basically or no B fertilizer application, the tobacco plants applied B by foliage dressing had higher growth potential, and produced much more tobacco leaf and better leaf quality. The tobacco plants foliar sprayed B whole plants gave much more output, and higher 12.4%、56.1%、37.3%、48.1% than that of foliar sprayed on the central leaves, upper leaves or lower leaves. Foliar spraying B promoted potassium uptake by plants, transforming from slowly available potassium to available potassium, and had a positive effects on adjusting and controlling the total sugar, potassium accumulation and nicotine in cutters.

  Effects of AM fungi on the chemical components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.under different N-applied levels 2009, 25 (14):  182-185.  Abstract + ( 1333 )   PDF ( 511691KB )   ( 732 ) Abstract: The effects of AM fungi on the chemical components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.under different N-applied levels in the pot culture were studied. The results showed that AM fungi had significant influences on the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. under different N-applied levels. Mycorrhizal infecting rate, soluble sugar, soluble protein,and N content of host plant were promoted by inoculation AM fungi under N-applied levels. Meanwhile, AM fungi had positive effects on the content of tanshinone of root content and whloe-plant. AM fungal inoculation is conducive to the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. and raise seedlings of chemical ingredients. The inoculation effect of AM fungi was the best under 0.085~0.17g N/kg soil.

  园艺园林科学

  Effect on the cold resistance in Red fescue( Featua fubra L. ) soaking the seeds with salicylic acid Chi Chunyu, Lian Yongquan, Zhao Yan, Li Jingyi, Ding Guohua 2009, 25 (14):  186-189.  Abstract + ( 1440 )   PDF ( 590004KB )   ( 754 ) Abstract: In this article the seeds of Red fescue (Featua fubra L.), a cold-season type turf grass, were soaked with five kinds concentration of salicylic acid (SA) as 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 mmol/L. Under cold stress of 4 ℃ for 48 hours, the proline content, the Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the electrolyte leakage in the Red fescue were determined. The result showed that the suitable concentration salicylic acid could increase the proline content, decrease the content of MDA which was a product of membrane lipid peroxidation, and reduce the electrolyte leakage rate in the Red fescue, which could improve the cold resistance ability of the Red fescues.

  On Regressive Estimation for Leaf Area of Strawberry Chen Xiujuan, Chen Weiping, Mi Lin, Gao Zhihong, Li Jinfeng, Zhang Zhen, Qu Shenchun 2009, 25 (14):  190-193.  Abstract + ( 1511 )   PDF ( 487677KB )   ( 930 ) Based on leaf area measurement experiments on six main cultivars Strawberry in southern of Jiangsu province, using DPS data processing system to analyze the relationship between “leaf length - leaf width - leaf area”, and getting to regression equations of these six kinds of strawberry on “leaf length × leaf width” and on leaf area; and setting up a common regression equation through combination of data. Data show that coefficients of determination of above regression equations are more than 0.97, relevance is extremely significant; coefficients of determination of general regression equations also reach more than 0.98, relevant test is extremely significant level, too. This paper provides a convenient, fast and feasible vivo measurement method to measure vivo strawberry leaf area.

  Rural Landscape and Environmental Construction in France to China 2009, 25 (14):  194-196.  Abstract + ( 1461 )   PDF ( 415830KB )   ( 923 ) With China's socio-economic development in rural areas, villages are the largest settlements .Making a deep research on the rural landscape and environment is the need for sustainable development, and also the need for social development. Through analyzing the current situation of China’s rural environment construction and drawing lessons from the French rural environment construction mode, this paper aims to propose constructive suggestions for it.

  Preliminary Report on Grafting Nursery of South Wild Jujube, Choerospondias axillaris 2009, 25 (14):  197-200.  Abstract + ( 1583 )   PDF ( 484921KB )   ( 715 ) Abstract:Effects of grafting methods, height of stock, source of scion, the storage time of scion, and different date of graft etc on survival rate of axillary wildjujube were studied. In early March, while the height of stock reached 15～25 cm , one year eugenic shoots were selected as scion, which should be grafting as fresh as possible and should be grafted after being pared to reduce the exposure time in air, the joint of the scion and the stock were level and smooth, Thus, the grafting survival rate can reach 85% or more by cut grafting or side grafting. However, it is worth noting that Small plastic bags were set on the grafting seedling in order to water proof when grafting taken on rain day.

  The Germplasm Resources and Utilization of Wild Lilium in Jinfoshan Mountain Lin Maoxiang, Liu Zhengyu, Ren Mingbo, Zhang Jun, Zhang Zhiwei, Shen Jie 2009, 25 (14):  201-203.  Abstract + ( 1208 )   PDF ( 427362KB )   ( 896 ) Abstract：According to investigation statistics, there are 11 species (varietas) wild Lilium in the nation-level scenic area on Jinfoshan Mountain, therein, there are 1 species of just growing in the area, and 2 species are belong to mode plant. Some utilization suggestions for wild Rhododendron in the nation-level scenic area on Jinfoshan Mountain were put forward in this paper.

  Effects of Low Temperature on Post-harvest Quality of GuiFei Loquat Fruit Xu Ling, Yu Dong,, Xu Jiahui,, Wei Xiuqing,, Zhang Limei, Zheng Shaoquan, 2009, 25 (14):  204-206.  Abstract + ( 1515 )   PDF ( 585658KB )   ( 769 ) Research on low-temperature conditions on the GuiFei loquat quality of post-harvest.The results showed that low temperature could inhibit the fruit of weight loss and delay the decrease of sugar and acid.Tests showed that hardness of loquat fruit dropped during the first period , while the later period increased.The edible rate and soluble solids content have decreased of each processing.The experiment results showed that the optimum storage temperature of GuiFei loquat fruit was 6-8 ℃, under which fruit quality could be well kept for 20-30 days.

  植物保护科学

  Study on Annual Life History and Population development of Diamondback Moth Plutella xyloslella Linnaeus in Natural Change Temperatura Zhang Zhiyan, Zheng Xiangrong, Luo Qinghuai, Zhou Qirong, Cai Heng, Long Jiankun 2009, 25 (14):  207-212.  Abstract + ( 1316 )   PDF ( 1875423KB )   ( 803 ) Abstract: Diamondback Moth Plutella xyloslella Linnaeus were reared in natural change temperature for 2 years continuously. There are 12 generations a year. Its threshold temperature (C) was 2.2℃ and effective temperature summation (K) was 613.58 daydegree. The average egg quantity of each female adult in different generations were given. With local meteorological data, the growth and development, activities in winter and population dynamics trend of this insect pest were analysized and discussed.

  Comparison of biological activity of Acorus calamus with different extract methods against Blattella germanica Hu Yujin, Yang Weiqiu, Cai Wanlun ,Yang Changju, Hua Hongxia 2009, 25 (14):  213-217.  Abstract + ( 1398 )   PDF ( 533570KB )   ( 634 ) Insecticidal activity of five kinds of different solvents and four kinds of methods extracts of Acorus calamus rhizome against third instar larvae and adult male of Blattella germanica were investigated, respectively. Firstly, Insecticidal activity of the petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and methanol soakage rhizome extracts of A. calamus were compared against B. germanica. methanol soakage extract produced higher mortality. The mortality of third instar larvae and adult male was observed after 120 h of exposure at the concentration of 22 mg/ml was 96.67% and 100%, respectively. In succession, Insecticidal activity of four kinds of methods extracts of A. calamus rhizome against B.germanica were studied, respectively. Supercritical fluid (CO2) extract presented significantly the higher activity than the other three. The mortality of third instar larvae and adult male was observed after 24 h of exposure at the concentration of 10mg/ml was 96.25% and 78.75%, respectively. So, the highest mortality was found in supercritical fluid extract of A. calamus rhizome against third instar larvae and adult male of B.germanica.

  The age identification and population age structure of Rattus norvegicus Yang Zaixue, Zheng Yuanli, Pan Shichang, Zhou Zhaoxia, Long Guixing, Zhou Xianming 2009, 25 (14):  218-223.  Abstract + ( 1351 )   PDF ( 536386KB )   ( 813 ) We analyzed the weight of 3059 samples of Rattus norvegicus (1573 female, 1486 male) which were captured in Yuqing, Xifeng, Dafang, Sandu and Guanling County in Guizhou provience from 1986 to 2008. The average body weight was 108.30±49.00g，There was no significant variation in weight by sex. According to the frequency distribution of weight, the Rattus norvegicus were divided into 5 age groups. The weight division standard for each age group was determined: Juvenile (≤60.0g), Sub-adult (60.1~110.0g), Adult Ⅰ(110.1~160.0g), Adult Ⅱ(160.1~210.0g), Old-adult(>210.0g). There is significant variation in population reproductive capacity in different age groups. Population reproductive capacity of Rattus norvegicus would increase continuously with growth within age categories. Adult group I, group II and the old group were the main reproductive contributors. The research shows that the average pregnancy rate, mean litter size and average descent rate of testicle were 46.60%, 7.00and 91.49%, respectively. There is significant seasonal variation in the population age structure. The population age structure changes were almost the same.

  Research Situation of Soybean Aphid( Aphis glycines) Liu Xinglong, Li Xinmin, Liu Chunlai, Wang Keqin, Wang Shuang, Liu Yu 2009, 25 (14):  224-228.  Abstract + ( 1370 )   PDF ( 560196KB )   ( 843 ) Abstract: Aphis glycines , a native of eastern Asia. Currently it has become one of the major pests in agriculture in the world.This paper summarizes the current status of research on soybean Aphis. Its distribution in the soybean-growing regions , life history , primaty host and secondary host ,damage to cultivated soybean,natural enemies and integrated management were reviewed and introduced.

  Invasion and monitoring methods of Pomacea canaliculata for in China Li Xiaohui, Hu Yinchang, Song Hongmei, Wang Peixin, Wang Xuejie, Mu Xidong, Liu Chao, Luo Jianren 2009, 25 (14):  229-232.  Abstract + ( 1502 )   PDF ( 511093KB )   ( 1716 ) Pomacea canaliculata, one of IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, has caused serious harm in China. This paper reviewed that invasion and monitoring methods of Pomacea canaliculata for in China, and analyzed the current problems in scientific research. We thought that an integrated technology system must be set up in order to prevent and control harm.

  生态农业科学

  Research Advances in N、O Isotope and Sources of Nitrate in Groundwater Jia Xiaofang, Li Yuzhong, Xu Chunying , Li Qiaozhen 2009, 25 (14):  233-239.  Abstract + ( 1520 )   PDF ( 669559KB )   ( 1141 ) Nitrate pollution of groundwater has become a widespread concern. The most fundamental solution is to find the source of nitrate and cut it off. Different sources of nitrate have different N, O isotopic composition. The use of δ15N and δ18O on a tracer study in nitrate pollution of groundwater is currently an important direction. This paper describe many pretreatment methods、analysis technologies of N, O isotope、existing problems and future development directions.

  Purification Effect of Carex dispalata on Sewage 2009, 25 (14):  240-245.  Abstract + ( 1368 )   PDF ( 658233KB )   ( 929 ) With water culture experiments, the growth character of Carex dispalata and the purification effects of TN、NH3-N、TP、CODCr in three types of sewage (low concentration, medium concentration and hingh concentration) were studied. The results indicated that Carex dispalata grew best in the medium concentration sewage , The biomass of Carex dispalata in the medium concentration sewage was significant higher than in the low concentration treatment（p <0.05）and no significant little higher than in the high concentration treatment. The purification effects of Carex dispalata in three concentration treatments were significant better than the contrast treatments. In the three concentration treatments (low, medium, high), the removal rates of TN were 87.04％, 88.84％ and 68.87％, respectively. The removal rates of NH3-N in three concentration treatments were 96.70％, 98.81％ and 98.68％, respectively. The removal rates of TP were 94.48％, 96.98％ and 96.75％, respectively, and CODCr were 63.20％，83.80％ and 82.33％, respectively. The removal rates of NH3-N, TP and CODCr in medium and high concentration treatment were all significant higher than in the low concentration sewage（p <0.05）, the removal rates of NH3-N and TP in medium and high concentration treatment both reached more than 95%. The removal rates of TN in medium and low concentration sewages were significant higher than in the high concentration sewage（p <0.05）, no significant differences were showed between medium and low concentration sewage. The experiment showed that TN、TP、CODCr fell quickly in the early days of the experiment. The study showed that Carex dispalata could purify sewage well, it can be used as restore plant in the remediation of sewage.

  Recent advances in the interaction between invasive plants and belowground ecosystem Zhang Guihua,, Peng Shaolin, Li Guangyi, Li Qinfen 2009, 25 (14):  246-251.  Abstract + ( 1531 )   PDF ( 544543KB )   ( 1255 ) Abstract: The invasion of non-indigenous plants threatens the integrity of natural ecosystem and annually causes serious economic losses worldwide. Though several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the plant invasion, the mechanistic bases of the invasiveness of alien plants and invisibility of invaded communities are not well understood. For decades, the interactions of exotic plants with components of native ecosystem have focused on aboveground flora and fauna and neglected the interactions with belowground soil microbes and nutrient availability. With the development of biological invasion research, people have found soil microorganisms and nutrient cycling are closely connected with aboveground plant community and feedback exists among them. In this paper, we review some of recent research and ideas about the interaction between invasive plant species and underground ecological processes, concerning two aspects: (1) the interaction between invasive plants and soil microorganisms, approaches employed by exotic plants to invade successfully: degrading mutualism between native plants and soil microbe, affecting the structure and function of microbial community through allelopathy, escaping native soil-borne enemy, indirectly changing nutrient cycling with altered microbial community and the invasion facilitated by indigenous microbe. (2) the interaction between exotic plants and soil nutrient such as nitrogen (N), phosphate(P), potassium(K) and other nutrient elements. We propose that information gathered from previous research would have important implications for the restoration of native ecosystem.

  Effect of invasive plant Solidago canadensis L. on photosynthetic physiology of wheat 2009, 25 (14):  252-255.  Abstract + ( 1593 )   PDF ( 573736KB )   ( 747 ) Invasive plant Solidago canadensis L. and the native plant Solidago decurrens Lour. were used as donor plants, and wheat was employed as a receiver to study the effect of the solutions containing water extracts from the two different donors on photosynthetic physiology content of wheat receiver. The result showed that the specific solutions containing water extracts from Solidago canadensis L. and Solidago decurrens Lour. significantly decreased Chlorophyll content, changed fluorescence induction kinetics parameters of Chlorophyll a, and in turn reduced photosynthetic efficiency. The solution with water extracts from invasive plant Solidago canadensis L. inhibited photosynthetic physiology of wheat leaves more seriously than that from native plant Solidago decurrens Lour.

  农业资源与环境科学

  A Detailed Simulation Study on GIS-based Agricultural Climate Resources Spatial Distribution in Chongqing 2009, 25 (14):  256-262.  Abstract + ( 1173 )   PDF ( 4491934KB )   ( 827 ) Topographic factors including elevation, slope, aspect, hill shade and latitude, longitude were taken into consideration in terms of the complex geography and distinct tridimensional variety of climate resources in Chongqing. Applied the multi-factors sunshine hours simulation and small grid simulation methods in the prediction model, the author, supported by ArcGIS, precisely calculated the spatial distribution of the length of annual sunshine hours, annual temperature, annual active accusation temperature and rainfalls in Chongqing which were expressed visually in this paper, and also compared it with traditional spatial interpolation methods including regression and kriging . The results have shown the following findings: Multi-factors sunshine hours simulation can achieve better results in sunshine hours simulation; while small grid simulation with Spline interpolation and small grid simulation with IDW interpolation are better for annual average temperature, 10℃ accumulated temperature and annual rainfalls respectively. Based on these, the major characteristics of Chongqing agricultural climate factors spatial distribution were analyzed in the end. The results of the research are not only useful for utilizing and developing the local climate resources, but also provide detailed data and scientific support for agricultural sustainable development.

  Effect of straw mulching on soil physical and chemical properties , soil microorganism and environment Wu Yongquan, Qu Ming, Sun Fen, Chen Zufu 2009, 25 (14):  263-268.  Abstract + ( 1644 )   PDF ( 569911KB )   ( 1002 ) Previous studies had showed that straw mulching treatment can reduce the atmosphere pollution compare to burning straw. But the most important effect of it is that it can efficiently accommodate soil water, fertility, soil atmosphere and heat. It can also incerase soil porosity, soil water permeability, the content of water stable aggregate, soil organic matter, soil available nutrient, the soil microbial biomass and enhance the activity of soil enzyme. Meanwhile, straw mulching treatment can decrease the contamination of speciese heavy metal to soil. Considering the economic benefit, mulching straw can also improve crop yields. In conclusion, mulching straw which is one of the efficient measures of the agricultural sustainable development can improve ecological, social and economical benefits.

  Studies on Osmanthus fragrans Germplasm Resources in Hefei 2009, 25 (14):  269-274.  Abstract + ( 1177 )   PDF ( 505138KB )   ( 631 ) Based on the studies on cultivar resources of sweet osmanthus in Hefei of Anhui Province, 39 cultivars are classified into four groups,among them, 21 in Luteus Group,8 in Albus Group,6 in Aurantiacus Group, 4 in Siji Group. Each group is formulated a cultivar classification system ,and characters of each cultivar are described. We found some problems existed in resource.The first , cultivars of sweet osmanthus flowering in autum are more than the cultivars of sweet osmanthus flowering in four seases.The second,the producers do not have clear targets of produce.The third , the producers are lack of classification knowledges about sweet osmanthus.The last, there is not a garden which only cultivate sweet osmanthus. In view of these problems, the researchers should introduce more varieties of Siji sweet osmanthus from the other areas.To teach the producers some knowledges about classification of sweet osmanthus.To guide and help the producers construct the garden just for cultivating sweet osmanthus.

  Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation in the Site Selection of Logistics Park Based on AHP Method Take the Example of Wuhu City Xu Xiaomei, Liu Yingying, Chen Lingling, Shu Yujie 2009, 25 (14):  275-279.  Abstract + ( 1858 )   PDF ( 3237695KB )   ( 896 ) Abstract: In order to provide layout plan for the logistic park in Wuhu City and discuss the best distribution of program, through the analysis of the various factors that affect the site selection of logistic park, This article introduced analytic hierachy process, as well as establish the comprehensive evaluation index system, which was followed by utilizing the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to appraise the programme, thereby finally get the optimal programme for the distribution of the logistics park.

  Study on species diversity of plant community on the purple soil slope in Hengyang Basin Chen Zhiyang, Tian Xiaomei 2009, 25 (14):  280-282.  Abstract + ( 1388 )   PDF ( 508498KB )   ( 899 ) By analyzing the plant community on the purple soil in Hengyang Basin,the results show that:(1) The main types of vegetaon in the Hengyang Basin.The tree species are 8 families 10 genera and 12 species, the shrub communities are 20 families 42 genera and 58 species ,the herbage are 28 families 58 genera and 78 species in total;(2)there are an tendency in richness and bio-diversity in Hengyang Basin,the north-facing slope＞the south-facing slope;the down slope＞the middle slope＞the upper slope.

  热带农业科学

  Current Status of Tropical Crops Germplasm Protecting Xiong Huibo, Sun Juan, Li Qiong 2009, 25 (14):  283-285.  Abstract + ( 1133 )   PDF ( 420984KB )   ( 913 ) Tropical crops germplasm is an very important part of crops germplasm.Because of its unsubstitutability,tropical crops germplasm becomes important day by day. The article has reviewed from current status,the problems exising in protecting and its importance et al.

  农业信息科学

  The Development of the Program PLFAEco for Analysis of the Phospholipid Fatty Acids (PLFAs) Biomarkers Detected from the Microbial Community in Soil Samples Lin Yingzhi, Liu Bo, Zhang Qiufang, Fu Xiurong 2009, 25 (14):  286-290.  Abstract + ( 1592 )   PDF ( 1156572KB )   ( 963 ) Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) were widely used as the biological mark to analysis the microbial community diversity qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the Sherlock MIS(MIDI Inc.), A Perl script program PLFAEco was developed to analysis the PLFAs of the soil samples. The function of it concluded: calculation of the Shannon-Wiener (H1), Brillouin (H2) and McIntosh (H3) diversity index, the abundance (S), Pielou evenness (J) and Simpson index (D); calculation of the Mean and SD; analysis of Cluster and PCA and output the statistics graphs. Output was formated into a HTML webpage included the data table and graph, and the files(CSV format) were provided for data exchange with orther software. It took short time to complete PLFAs data analysis and was the powerful tool for data process attaching to the MIDI system. This program had been used to analysis the flue-cured tobacco soil and the stroma cushion of non-pollution pigsty. User can download the program, manual and the example data from www.dagri.org.

  The Advance of Rice Recognition and Monitoring By SAR Zhang Erhai, Tong Xaoping, Fu Yulan 2009, 25 (14):  291-295.  Abstract + ( 1404 )   PDF ( 564609KB )   ( 1199 ) Synthetic Aperture Radar（SAR）is a more effective remote sensing data source for rice recognition and monitoring than optical remote sensing in the regions with more wet and cloudy sky due to its all-weather, all-time, high resolution and wide covering characteristics. This paper summarizes SAR types and its features used for rice study, introduces the backscattering model for rice monitoring, and analyses the main factors influencing backscattering coefficient. The paper also reviews the studies of rice recognition and monitoring based on SAR in domestic and abroad. Finally, the paper draws the prospect in the related areas.

  农村能源科学

  Study on Effect of Different Storage Methods on Sugar Content of Sweet Sorghum Stalk of Sweet Sorghum Zhang Hui, Fu Li, Pang Huanming, Feng Guojun, Zhang Lei, Tu Guoqiang, Ye Kai 2009, 25 (14):  296-298.  Abstract + ( 1099 )   PDF ( 571019KB )   ( 841 ) With the purpose of extending storage period of sweet sorghum stalks, the content changes of total sugar, soluble sugar, reducing sugar, sucrose and cellulose inside stalks of New No.4 Sweet Sorghum were studied under the conditions of both vertical stacking storage and horizontal stacking storage at 157-199-day storage period. The results showed that the content of total sugar, soluble sugar, reducing sugar, sucrose inside stalks of horizontal stacking storage are higher than that of vertical stacking storage . Cellulose content is almost same with both storage methods. This research provides a scientific reference for solving storage problems of stalks during fuel ethanol production with sweet sorghum stalks.

  三农问题研究

  An Evaluation by Factorial Analysis Method of Agriculture Industrialization－A case of Beijing Huang Yinghui, Kong Suran, Tang Heng, Shi Yajun, Kang Weixin 2009, 25 (14):  299-303.  Abstract + ( 1566 )   PDF ( 689214KB )   ( 706 ) Agriculture industrialization is basic trend of modern agriculture and basic operating mode of market agriculture. We design a set of guide line, which measure the actuality of agriculture industrialization. And we evaluate that of 13 administrative divisions of Beijing by factorial analysis method. We conclude there is unbalanced status in different administrative divisions evidently. There is some weak link of agriculture industrialization in particular administrative divisions, and proper measures should be adopted, such as strengthening leading enterprise, fostering co-operatives and improving interest coordinating mechanism.

  Analysis on the Gray Related Degree of Rural Economy and Rural Finance in Hebei province Wang Bin, Du Yingna, Yu Shuhui, Wang Xiufang 2009, 25 (14):  304-306.  Abstract + ( 1269 )   PDF ( 1809660KB )   ( 778 ) In this paper， the use of gray related theory， analysis the relationship between rural finance and the rural economy of Hebei Province. And through the establishment of a gray model， this paper analysis of rural financial development factors on the impact of rural economic development level. The structure of rural finance development is the largest factors to the rural economic. This study has a positive role in guiding to set up rural economic development of rural financial support system in Hebei Province.