Current issue

• 2009 Vol.25 No.13 Published:05 July 2009

  畜牧兽医科学

  SNPs Detection of CS-1 Gene and Its Relationship with Carcass and Meat Quality Traits in Qinchuan Cattle 2009, 25 (13):  1-4.  Abstract + ( 1493 )   PDF ( 817138KB )   ( 872 ) 【Objective】This research was to detect the polymorphism in exon 3 of CS-1gene and its relationship with some carcass and meat quality traits of Qinchuan cattle.【Method】PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing methods were employed to reveal the polymorphism of exon 3 and its flanking within CS-1 gene in 485 Qinchuan cattle, and analysing its relationship with some carcass and meat quality traits of Qinchuan cattle;【RESULTS】C→A mutation in 191bp and C→T mutation in 201bp of CS-1 gene exon 3 were found. There were two allele gene A and C in this locus with the corresponding frequencies of 0.1381and 0.8619. Statistical analysis indicated that individuals with genotype AC had superior thickness of back fat and marbling (P<0.05) when compared those with genotype CC; As for the tenderness, animals of AA and AC genotype were more excellent than animals with genotype CC(P＜0.05);【CONCLUSION】It suggested that this locus could be used as a molecular marker in Qinchuan cattle breeding for carcass and meat traits.

  Effects of several Chinese tradional medicine extracts on several fowl viruses in chicken embryo Wang Xuebing, Zhang Hongying, Xu Duanhong, Cui Baoan, Cheng Xiaojing, Li Xin, Ma Jiao 2009, 25 (13):  5-9.  Abstract + ( 1454 )   PDF ( 582010KB )   ( 905 ) The active ingredients were extracted from several Chinese tradional medicine by water ( for mulberry leaves, yinchenhao, portulaca oleracea ) or alcohol ( for wild chrysanthemum ) and their effects on reproduction of avian influenza virus (AIV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and avian infectious bronchitis virus(IBV) in chicken embryo were observed evaluated. The results showed that extracts from these Chinese tradional medicine possess certain blocking and inhibitory effect on these viruses reproduction within the range of safe concentration, especially the extract from Yinchenhao on AIV and NDV.

  Study on facture of transparent specimen in mice , , CAO Rong- Feng 2009, 25 (13):  10-13.  Abstract + ( 2150 )   PDF ( 633935KB )   ( 1890 ) The results of making transparence specimen of mouse skeleton were compared respectively, making mouse death in 4 different methods and dyeing them in 3 methods. The results shows, drown or etherization to make mouse death, Alcohol-fixed, defatted with 3% potassium dichromate, vitrification with Potassium hydroxide, coloration of bone with Alizarin Red S, the glycerol-ammonia were respectively coloration of cartilage with Alcian blue, vitrification with glycerol which had different concentrations, were the best conditions for making transparent specimen. Temperature controlling could reduce the time of specimen-fixed.

  Inhibition of classical swine fever virus replication by retrovirus-delivered shRNA in porcine fetal fibroblasts 2009, 25 (13):  14-17.  Abstract + ( 1447 )   PDF ( 1527767KB )   ( 919 ) Abstract: In this study, the recombinant retrovirus which contains the CSFV-specific shRNAs (small hairpin RNA) targeting Npro transcripts of classical swinefever virus was transfected into porcine fetal fibroblasts to drive expression of the CSFV-specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA), After stable selection, G418-resistant porcine fetal fibroblasts clones were established. Integration of the vector was proven by PCR, the viral proliferation within the cells was examined by indirect immunofluorescence assay and determination of virus titration respectively. The levels of replication of CSFV were dramatically decreased by this RNAi system in porcine fetal fibroblasts stablely transfected with the vector. Our results may be useful for therapy in CSFV and other viral infections and provide new clues for animal breeding or establishing feasible antiviral animal models.

  Development of Synthetical Peptide Vaccine of Foot and Mouth Disease Ma Lina, Liu Yongsheng, Chen Haotai, Zhang Jie 2009, 25 (13):  18-22.  Abstract + ( 1217 )   PDF ( 551722KB )   ( 1074 ) Vaccination is an effective measure of prevention for foot and mouth disease(FMD).With development of molecular biology and immunology , new type vaccines of FMD were developed.This paper reviews the reseach and development of synthetic peptide vaccine of FMD.

  农业生物技术科学

  Production and Identification of Primary Interspecific Generation Between Rape-Radish with Chorosome-D Addition Lines and Brassica Genome A Li Lijun,, Ding Yunhua, Li Chengqiong, Jian Yuancai, Li Li,Kang Jungen’ 2009, 25 (13):  23-27.  Abstract + ( 1614 )   PDF ( 1638220KB )   ( 753 ) F1 hybrids between rape-radish with chorosome-D addition line do and flowering chinese cabbage were aquired through sexual hybridization, and identified by morphological investigation, cytological examination and molecular marker technique. The result indicated that hybrids could be obtained from reciprocal crosses, most were all true hybrids except few seeds from reciprocal cross A3×do, and morphological characters of true hybrids were lean to the addition line do and their relative DNA contents tested by Flow Cytometry lied between their parents.

  HPCE Method Measures the Amino Acids in Nutritive Liquid at the Same Time Wang Lihua,,Wang Yongli,Wu Jiang 2009, 25 (13):  28-32.  Abstract + ( 1544 )   PDF ( 928241KB )   ( 955 ) Abstract: Research goal:12 native amino acids were separated and determined in 18 minutes by high performance capillary electrophoresis with UV detection.Method: the time is 30s ,the height is 25 cm;running voltage is 15 kV; bouncy silica 75 μm , buffer 10 mmol/L sodium tetraborate，30 mmol/LSDS,and 0.1 mmol/L Urea, pH =11.40. Conclusion:The conditions of separation and determination were gravitation sampling.

  Prokaryotic Expression of HbKCO1，a K+ channel protein from Hevea brasiliensis Cai Yuanbao,, Zhu Jiahong, Zhang Quanqi,, Zhang Zhili, 2009, 25 (13):  33-36.  Abstract + ( 1575 )   PDF ( 1002845KB )   ( 736 ) K+ channel proteins play key roles in ion balance in plant cells. With the help of eukaryotic or prokaryotic expression system, efficient expression of K+ channel protein is a prerequisite for further study of its biochemical characteristics and physiological functions. Here, a K+ channel gene，HbKCO1 was isolated from Hevea brasiliensis，and expression of recombinant HbKCO1 was investigated. ORF fragment of HbKCO1 cDNA was inserted into the vector pET-28a(+), resulting in pET-28a(+)-HbKCO1, and then pET-28a(+)-HbKCO1 was transformed in Escherichia coli RosettaTM(DE3) pLysS and BL21(DE3), respectively. In the optimum condition, recombinant HbKCO1 could be efficiently expressed in the E.coli RosettaTM(DE3) pLysS transformats after 3h induction of 1mM IPTG, but weakly expressed in the E.coli BL21(DE3) transformats. Prokaryotic expression of recombinant HbKCO1 was strain-dependent.

  Analysis of SSR Information in EST Resources of Kiwifruit (Actinidia ssp.) Jiang Chunya, Xu Xiaobiao, Liao Jiao, Ni Zhihua, Li Jing 2009, 25 (13):  37-39.  Abstract + ( 1544 )   PDF ( 430455KB )   ( 1029 ) 56,400 EST sequences were randomly selected from EST（Expressed Sequence Tag）sequences of kiwifruit in the database of NCBI. EST sequences were analyzed and the SSR （Microsatellite）could be found out by using the SSRHunter software. The results showed that the 7939 SSRs were identified from the randomly selected kiwifruit EST resources. Among which there were 5131（64.63%）dinucleotide,1237（15.58%）trinucleotide, 284（3.58%）tetra nucleotide, 397（5.00%）pentanucleotide and 890（11.21%） hexanucleotide SSRs. The frequency of SSRs was approximately 1/2.48 kb, which could exist to 1 SSR in 7 unigenes. The dinucleotide repeats appeared to be the most abundant SSRs, followed by trinucleotide and hexanucleotide repeats. Among them the repeat motif such as AG/CT was predominant in each type of SSRs accounting for 4654（90.70%）. We screened the SSR repeats in the EST of kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.), and will make better use of the EST-SSR resources of kiwifruit for further molecular biological studies.

  Tissue Culture and Rapid ProPagation of Pistacia vera‘Kerman’ Yu Fei, Duan Yunfeng, Leng Pingsheng, Ji Qianlong, Feng Dan, Yang Weixin 2009, 25 (13):  40-42.  Abstract + ( 1660 )   PDF ( 1780003KB )   ( 727 ) Abstract: The seeds and stem-segments were used as explants in the tissue culture of Pistacia vera‘Kerman’. Results indicated that: Mediums of 1/2DKW and 1/2DKW+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.05 mg/L were best medium for germination and differentiation; Multiplication coefficient was 3.6 on the medium of 1/2DKW +6-BA 4.0 mg/L + IBA 0.05 mg/L; Rooting rate was up to 75% on the medium of 1/2DKW +IBA 5 mg/L + NAA 1 mg/L; The suitable transplantation matrix was 3/4 sand + 1/4 vermiculite，and survival rate of plant with root was above 79%.

  Research Progress on ncRNA 2009, 25 (13):  43-45.  Abstract + ( 2123 )   PDF ( 400998KB )   ( 3308 ) Abstract: With the development of genome-wide sequencing technology ,more and more noncoding RNA(ncRNAs) were characterized, and their cellular roles are in the process of being revealed,Now ncRNA have become a hotspot in the life science. These small molecules exist in almost all higher eukaryotes,and have very important regulation roles in these organisms .Here we briefly summarize recent research progress on ncRNA.

  食品科学

  Research on Keeping Quality of Different Flesh Types of Prunus persica L.(Bastch.) Niu Liang, Wang Zhiqiang, Liu Shu’e, Song Yinhua 2009, 25 (13):  46-50.  Abstract + ( 1550 )   PDF ( 752307KB )   ( 725 ) Effects of post-harvest cold storage and Modified Atmosphere Package on fruit hardness(FH), weight losing(WL) and soluble solid content(SSC) of different peach or nectarine varieties were investigated. The results showed that: (1) There were obviously differences of fruit hardness among varieties of different flesh types. In room temperature, FH of ‘24-30’ and ‘Zhongtao No.2’ went down slower than ‘Zhongyoutao No.5’ and ‘Zhongyoutao No.10’. In cold storage, ‘24-30’, FH of Zongyoutao No.5’ and ‘Zhongyoutao No.10’ descent quickly after 2 weeks of storage while that of ‘Shuguang’ and ‘Zhongtao No.2’ quickly descent just after storage. (2) MA package could effectively slow down the decreasing of FH. There were obvious differences among different varieties while ‘Zhongyoutao No.10’ was less sensitive than others. (3) Soluble solid content went down after harvest and the procedure was slower in lower temperature. In room, MA package seems accelerate the descendent of SSC. This may result from that the package could prevent the diffuse of heat and promote the respiration. (4) The WL was obvious after harvest and the cold storage could greatly slow down it. There were some differences between different types of varieties.

  农业基础科学

  The interaction effects of water and nitrogen on the neutral aroma component of tobacco Li Lidan, Liu Guoshun, Peng Zhiliang, Zhang Shuangshuang 2009, 25 (13):  51-57.  Abstract + ( 1469 )   PDF ( 665836KB )   ( 688 ) Abstract：The interaction effects of water and nitrogen on the neutral aroma component of tobacco were studied by field experiment． The result showed that different irrigation, nitrogen application and their interactions on aroma component had reached a significant level except the effect of different irrigation to browning reaction substance. The content of products degraded by carotene and Neoplytadiene had reached the highest level at the irrigation of 450m3/hm2 .The content of browning reaction substance and products degraded by cembrane had increase firstly and then dropped at the irrigation range of 0～900m3/hm2. The content of products degraded by carotene, products degraded by phenylalanie, browning reaction substance and neoplytadiene had increased with the nitrogen application at mid irrigation (W2) treatment, the content of products degraded by cembrane had reached the highest level at the nitrogen application of 52.5 kg/ hm2. Keywords: irrigation; nitrogen application; interactions; neutral aroma component.

  Effect of soil fertility quality and yield and quality of the flue-tobacco on different green manure Xu Xiangyu, Wang Haiming, Yuan Jiafu, Zhao Shujun, Li Gen, Liu Ye, Cao Weidong 2009, 25 (13):  58-61.  Abstract + ( 1459 )   PDF ( 523334KB )   ( 825 ) A field experiment was carried out on planting tobacco soil in Hubei southwest to study the effect of different green manure crop on soil fertility quality and Flue-tobacco yield and quality. The result showed that the effect on soil fertility quality not notability; the effect on the flue-tobacco yield have notable different under different green manure, and wheat 、cabbage and cole higher than CK, horsebean is lowest. Planting green manure can ameliorated quality, and cole treatment was more harmony in chemic component, and than was cabbage.

  Effects of planting density and row distance on the yield of a hybrid maize cultivar ‘Hongda 8’ Tong Youcai, Zhang Huinan, Zuo Xiaolong, Liu Ze, Zhang Wei, Ruan Long, Chen Hongjian 2009, 25 (13):  62-65.  Abstract + ( 1508 )   PDF ( 425932KB )   ( 821 ) The suitable wide and narrow row distance and planting density of a newly bred maize hybrid ‘Hongda 8’ was determined by experiments with 6 wide and narrow row treatments under 5 planting densities. Results showed that the optimal planting density of ‘Hongda 8’ varied according to the wide and narrow rows deployment. Comprehensively, the optimal planting density of ‘Hongda 8’ was among 79,500-91,500 plants/hm2. Under a certain planting density level, maize yield varied with the wide and narrow row distance and the highest yield was realized when the wide row distance and narrow row distance reached 80 cm and 40 cm, respectively. Cultivating ‘Hongda 8’ with alternative wide and narrow rows could increase the yield when the crop was planted at a high density. The optimal planting stratedy for ‘Hongda 8’ was 80 cm and 40 cm for the wide and narrow rows alternatively under a planting density of 79,500 plants/hm2 which could lead to a maize production of 9,950 kg/hm2.

  Preliminary Studies on Leaves Structure in Resistant and Susceptible Cultivars of Citrus Wen Shouxing, Huang Jinghao, Chen Jin, Cai Zijian, Bao Rong, Zhang Lingyuan 2009, 25 (13):  66-69.  Abstract + ( 1498 )   PDF ( 3571986KB )   ( 948 ) Abstract: The anatomic structure of the summer leaves and the microstructure in 5 cultivars of citrus were studied. The experimental results showed that the leaf stomata density in lower epidermis was significant different among cultivars and in positive correlation with the disease resistance to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (r= 0.888). The microstructure of leaf was not significant different among the cultivars and showed no correlation with disease resistance. The stomatal density in leaf tissues could be one of the criteria for canker resistance of citrus.

  农艺科学

  Influence of no tillage on root growth and rhizosphere environment in rice ⅠInfluence of no tillage on dry matter production and grain yield in rice Xu Shihong,,, Zhou Jiamin, Jiang Ligeng 2009, 25 (13):  70-73.  Abstract + ( 1474 )   PDF ( 523300KB )   ( 699 ) Pot experiments were conducted in the early and late seasons of 2007 to compare the differences of dry matter production and grain yield in rice under no tillage, conventional tillage and root separating cultivation conditions. Results showed that rice indicated highly significantly lower dry root weight on the side of no tillage in both seasons under root separating cultivation condition. However, under the condition of single tillage pattern, rice indicated lower plant dry weight and dry root weight, greater ratio of dry root weight to dry plant weight and greater grain yield under no tillage condition, and the differences were not significant at most situations. It was inferred that no tillage made an obvious influence on rice root growth, but rice could get more grain yield by the harmony action between root and plant and the increased ratio of dry root weight to dry plant.

  Utilizing Rolling Convergent Backcross Method to Breed New Wheat Variety Yangmai 18 with Powdery Mildew Resistance ZHANG Bo-Qiao 2009, 25 (13):  74-77.  Abstract + ( 1527 )   PDF ( 770986KB )   ( 840 ) Abstract：The powdery mildew resistant line P045 with Pm21 developed by Cytogeneties Institute，Nanjing Agricultural University，was used as donor parent to backcross with recurrent parents Yangmai 158, Ningmai 9, and the rolling convergent backcross strategy and traditional identification method combined with MAS for powdery mildew resistance was utilized to breed new varies with resistance to powdery mildew. A new soft wheat variety Yangmai 18 with high yield and powdery mildew resistance was developed and registered in 2008 by this method. In two years regional yield test of Anhui province, Yangmai 18 showed high powdery mildew resistance, good soft wheat quality and better yield with 8.1% increasing than check variety．It is suitable to grow in the middle-lower Yangtze River region．

  Effects of nitrogen forms on wheat dry matter accumulation and distribution after blooming YIN Fei , , 2009, 25 (13):  78-81.  Abstract + ( 1421 )   PDF ( 481657KB )   ( 679 ) The effects of three nitrogen forms, i.e. ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and amide nitrogen, on wheat dry matter accumulation and distribution after blooming were studied using random block experiment design. The results showed that after wheat blooming, with the growth process moving forward, the wheat grain dry weight and aboveground dry matter increased continually. However, the dry weight of flag leaf, peduncle and sheath below spike, and glume decreased continually during the same period. The results also showed that nitrogen forms have a significant effect on wheat dry matter accumulation and distribution after blooming. The total aboveground dry matter was highest under nitrate nitrogen treatment. And the distribution rate of dry matter in flag leaf, peduncle and sheath below spike, and glume was lowest and in grain was highest under nitrate nitrogen among three treatments. Meanwhile, the nitrogen forms have a great effect on wheat yield. The yield was 7575.3kg/hm2, 7250.5kg/hm2, and 7156.2 kg/hm2 under the treatment of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and amide nitrogen, respectively. In this study, application nitrate nitrogen fertilizer had the finest effort on yield and had an increase by 5.8% in wheat yield than that under amide nitrogen treatment.

  植物生理科学

  Involvement of Ca2+ in ethylene biosynthesis of Cut Rose During Vasing regulated by Nitric Oxide ZHANG Shao-Ying , 2009, 25 (13):  82-87.  Abstract + ( 1595 )   PDF ( 854705KB )   ( 860 ) Cut rose ‘Kardinal’ were treated with 0.1 mmol?L-1 SNP(nitric oxide doner), 0.1 mmol?L-1 SNP plus 0.3 mmol?L-1的TFP(CaM inhibitor),0.1 mmol?L-1 SNP plus 10 mmol?L-1的TFP(calcium chelator), 6 mmol?L-1 Ca2+, 6 mmol?L-1 Ca2+ plus 0.05 mmol?L-1的PTIO(nitric oxide scavenger ) for 3 h. The objective of this study was to understand the effect of Ca2+ in ethylene biosynthesis of cut rose during vasing regulated by nitric oxide (NO). The result showed that Exogenous Ca2+ treatment improved NOS activity during the former vasing, maintained relative higher NO content in petals, postponed the increase of NOS activity during the latter vasing. Further study showed that EGTA and TFP treatment stimulated ACS and ACO activity, accelerated the increase of ACC content, advanced the ethylene biosynthesis in petals during vase; At same times, PTIO also inhibited the decrease of ACS, ACO activities and ACC content which induced by Ca2+ treatment. This also proved that Ca2+ and CaM participated in regulation of endogenous ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction during cut rose vasing.

  Ca2+ involved in Nitric Oxide content of wheat seedling leaves induced by SNP under drought stress 2009, 25 (13):  88-93.  Abstract + ( 1439 )   PDF ( 748621KB )   ( 750 ) Under 15% PEG-6000 Drought stress condition, the effects of sodium nitropprusside (SNP, an exogenous nitric oxide donor) at the concentrations of 1mmol/L SNP on NO content, Nitric Oxide-synthesis enzyme activities and the relation with Ca2+ in wheat seedlings leaves were investigated under drought stress. The result is that 15% PEG could apparently enhance NOS activity in wheat seedling, NO was quickly produced by cNOS, and the proportion of iNOS in NOS was increased slowly after 6h treatments. NO was also induced by NR, which was a little part of total NR activity. The 1mmol/L SNP treatment could apparently alleviate the drought-induced membrane lipid peroxidation, which consistent with the up-regulation of NOS, NR and NO. The effect of SNP was decreased after treatment of blocker of plasma membrane Ca2+ channels LaCl3. The above results indicated that exogenous nitric oxide donor (SNP) could apparently increase Nitric Oxide-synthesis enzyme activities and NO content, and Ca2+ was involved in regulation of NO level in wheat seedling leaves by SNP under drought stress.

  Research Progresses on Aluminum Toxicity and Tolerance Mechanisms in Plants 2009, 25 (13):  94-98.  Abstract + ( 1296 )   PDF ( 479442KB )   ( 1278 ) Aluminum (A1)toxicity is one of the most deleterious factors for plant growth in acidic soils. However, there is little information about the mechanism s of aluminum toxicity, thus exposing a constraint on carrying out relevant breeding and cultivation programs. In the past decades, many researches had been carried out on aluminum toxicity and tolerant mechanism in plants, and great progress was achieved. This paper reviewed the studies on aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plant. The main fields and projects for further research are also briefly discussed.

  Comparative Study on Allelopathy of Different Parts of Plant Datura Stramonium 2009, 25 (13):  99-102.  Abstract + ( 1512 )   PDF ( 661922KB )   ( 758 ) Abstract: To compare allelopathy of different parts of plant Datura Stramonium, the effective components from D. Stramonium root, stem and leaf were extracted with distilled water, and with the treatment with distilled water as CK, the effects of extracted liquid from D. Stramonium root, stem and leaf on seed germination and seedling growth of sesame and millet were studied. The results showed, after treatment by 0.2 g/ml extracted liquid from D. Stramonium leaf, the seed germination rates of sesame and millet were decreased by 83.0% and 83.3% than that of CK respectively, the root and shoot growth of seedling stopped; 0.4 g/ml extracted liquid from D. Stramonium stem decreased the seed germination rates of sesame and millet by 27.6% and 15.8%, root length of sesame and millet seedling by 93.3% and 64.7%, and shoot length of sesame and millet seedling by 51.2% and 18.0% than that of CK respectively. 0.4 g/ml extracted liquid from D. Stramonium root decreased the seed germination of sesame and millet by 31.2% and 56.2%, root length of sesame and millet seedling by 75.1% and 15.0% than that of CK respectively. So the extracts of D. Stramonium leaf had the strong inhibition on the seed germination and seedling growth of sesame and millet, and the extracted liquid from D. Stramonium stem and root also showed lighter inhibiting effects than that from leaf.

  Effect of Continuous Cropping on Growth and Activities of Enzymes in roots of American Ginseng Zhao Xiaomeng, Zhang Xuesong, Qi Jianjun, Zhou Lili, Li Xian’en 2009, 25 (13):  103-107.  Abstract + ( 1297 )   PDF ( 1302064KB )   ( 674 ) Abstract: In this paper, the root growth and protective enzymes of American ginseng after continuous cropping were studied to reveal the mechanism for the effects of continuous cropping on the American ginseng physiology. The root weight, root vigor and root enzyme activity containing the ascorbic peroxidase (APX), the catalase (CAT), the peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were carried out after three months American ginseng was planted in new soil, one- year, two- year and three-year continuous cropping land, respectively. American ginseng’s root weight in two- year, three- year, four-year planting land was 0.76, 0.83, 0.68 times of that in new soil respectively with significant differences (P<0.05). Root vigor was 1.30、1.35、1.65 times compared with the control (P<0.05). The differences of APX activity (3.52, 0.25, 0.12 times) was significant. SOD activity (0.72, 0.36, 0.37 times). CAT activity (1.86, 0.79, 0.74 times) in two-year continuous crop was remarkable (P<0.05), while three-, four-year continuous crop didn’t vary significantly. POD activity of two-year, three-year continuous crop (2.22, 2.50 times) showed significant differences while no significant distinction was detected in four-year continuous crop (1.43 times). which was similar variation to GR activity (2.57, 2.75, 2.41 times), Significant distinction of MDA was revealed in four-year continuous crop (1.18 times), but no distinction in two- year, three-year continuous crop (1.05, 1.06 times) was gained. With the increasing continuous cropping year, root weight declined, and root vigor went up. APX, CAT, POD and GR activity firstly rose and then decreased. SOD activity showed downtrend. MDA content was remarkably rising in four-year continuous crop.

  Photosynthetic Characteristics in Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco Effects in Different Levels of Cake Fertilizers Shi Qiuhuan, Wei Fengjie, Wang Haitao, Li Yongtao, Zhu Guangming 2009, 25 (13):  108-112.  Abstract + ( 1212 )   PDF ( 607923KB )   ( 610 ) Chlorophyll contents，net photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the flue-cured tobacco leaves were measured to study the differences in photosynthetic characteristics among different cake fertilizers rates, The result showed that the Chlorophyll contents of tobacco leaves were increased with the increasing rates of cake fertilizers and the PSⅡ potential activation，the maximal quantum efficiency, Qp of PSⅡ of tobacco leaves were increased too, and then stimulated the photosynthetic rates increasing. And the result of experiment showed that the photosynthetic capability of tobacco leaves were Improved and the net photosynthetic rates were increased with the suit increasing rates of cake fertilizers，but the photochemical quenching coefficient and ΦPSⅡ was decreased by high nitrogen level.

  Effects of Irrigation patterns on Photosynthetic Characteristics and root growth of strawberry Qian Xiaoqin, Nie Fan, Cai Yongping, Sheng Xinying,Nie Jingquan,Hong Sali’ 2009, 25 (13):  113-118.  Abstract + ( 1162 )   PDF ( 786646KB )   ( 748 ) With strawberry Fragaria×ananassa Duch cv. Toyonoka as experimental materials, the paper preliminarily studied the effects of three different irrigation patterns, (furrow irrigation, drip irrigation and half-substrate drip irrigation), on the yield, photosynthetic physiological indexes and the root growth of strawberry. The results showed that compared with furrow irrigation, the yield and growth increased with the half-substrate drip irrigation, and yield per plant increased 36.89% and 29.30% and the photosynthetic rate in blooming stage increased 41.56% and 34.46%; The WUE increased 28.69% and 24.65% in fruiting stage, and the root cap ratio increased 51.78% and 29.28%. The pattern of half-substrate drip irrigation and drip irrigation is more conductive than the furrow irrigation on root growth, the root volume increased 164.25% and 78.72% in blooming stage, and the root fresh weight increased 117.18% and 84.07%, and the root activity increased 70.98% and 48.38%.The half-substrate drip irrigation was an appropriate pattern for strawberry culture under clay soils.

  土壤肥料科学

  The soil nutrients levels and annual dynamic changes of Laoshan tea gardens Li Qian, Ding Zhaotang, Wang Yu, Zhang Xinfu, Hong Yongcong 2009, 25 (13):  119-123.  Abstract + ( 1331 )   PDF ( 620680KB )   ( 719 ) Soil samples from tea gardens located in Laoshan green tea planting area were tested, and the distribution and the seasonal dynamic changes of the soil organic matter, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of those samples were analyzed with variance analysis and cluster analysis by SPSS. The results showed that the tea garden soil nutrients of different seasons and different locations had significant difference. The soil nutrient level in chosen tea gardens could be clustered into three types by cluster analysis. Also soil nutrient in different tea garden was found to have a distinct annual variation trend.

  Cotton in Xinjiang arid area of inland water and fertilizer coupling research progress Chen Baoyan, Ma Xingwang, Sheng Jiandong, Yang Tao 2009, 25 (13):  124-128.  Abstract + ( 1373 )   PDF ( 515560KB )   ( 768 ) Water utilization in Xinjiang cotton production as the main limiting factors of collaborative relationship, through the water to improve water use efficiency for the key of high and stable yield cotton. In recent years, the study on coupling cotton in Xinjiang, scholars have concluded that the total yield and fertilizer, according to the proportion that drip irrigation, and can improve the utilization rate of fertilizers. Cotton growth on coupling for further clarify existing research, according to the proportion of cotton growth through research, Suggestions on coupling crop growth stage of cotton, according to established rules corresponding models yield formation mechanism to determine the optimum ratio of water consumption, growth, and further perfect build soil testing fertilization techniques - plants.

  The Status analysis of Fertilizer Application on Peanut in Different Region of Shangdong Province ,ZHAO ZHAO Xiu-Fen , 2009, 25 (13):  129-133.  Abstract + ( 1376 )   PDF ( 463995KB )   ( 750 ) The status and problems of fertilizer application on peanut in different region of Shangdong province were discovered through analyzing farmers’ questionary. Results show that appplication quantity of N, P2O5, K2O in peanut planting of Shandong province was181kg/ha,131kg/ha and 134kg/ha, respectively. The ratio was 1∶0.72∶0.74. Overmuch nitrogen and phosphorus were applicated by most farmers. Inorganic fertilizer and basal fertilizer were thought a lot of, and the ratio of farmers of application manure just was 13.1%. The rate of single element fertilizer and compound fertilizer was 1:2.08. Farmers of over 80% chose compound fertilizer as basal fertilizer, and application quantity was 110~130 kg/ha.

  Dezhou soil fertility change and analysis Li Huaijun, Liu Zhonghai, Qu Shangong, Dong Yumei, Song Guilan, Li Zhijie 2009, 25 (13):  134-137.  Abstract + ( 1190 )   PDF ( 568644KB )   ( 714 ) Abstract: [research goal]The diagnosis Dezhou soil fertility change rule, the low productivity soil science applies fertilizer for the Huanghuai sea level original area in provides the basis; [method]20 years carry on three time large-scale soil fertility distributed condition investigation, according to high school low and different soil type classification stationing, altogether adopt soil sample 63564, the monitor analyze more than 80,000 times; [result]Indicated that my city soil nutrient structure had the change, the organic matter has increased, but the content was somewhat low, the nitrogen was insufficient, although the phosphoric quantity increased the scope to be big, but the employment phosphate fertilizer still had the remarkable production increase effect. Since the fast-acting potassium content has reduced becomes 1998 gradual increase gradually after 1982. The partial soil trace element assumes the trend of escalation deficient. The soil fertility distribution is uneven, the scope is broad, although after people's cultivation, applies fertilizer and irrigates, the soil fertility improves, but the high production soil distribution area are few, the low productivity soil still held the quite great proportion, the improvement use and cultivates the fat potential to be very also big; [conclusion]Needs the fat rule and the fertilizer characteristic according to each kind of crops, implements measured that the earth formula applies fertilizer the technology, in increases executes the organic fertilizer in the foundation, in line with the steady nitrogen, the steady phosphorus, makes up Shi Jia and micro fat and the crops lacks any fertilizer to make up anything, lacks the how much fertilizers to make up how many principle, achieves the soil for to need fat basic balanced fat with the crops.

  The Effect of Potassium Optimized Management Method on Grain Quality of Winter Wheat Zhao Rongfang , , 2009, 25 (13):  138-141.  Abstract + ( 1418 )   PDF ( 547373KB )   ( 716 ) The field experiment was conducted to study the Effect of potassium optimized management method on grain quality of winter wheat in order to supply theoretic basis for nutrient optimized management with the aim of high yield, excellent grain quality, high efficiency of nutrient resource and friendly environment.. The main results were as follows: There was no significant differences in the winter wheat grain yield among different K rates. No significant differences of winter wheat grain gross protein and gluten contents was also found between optimized K rate（75 kg hm-2 K）and higher K rate（225 kg hm-2 K）, Potassium optimized management method with the aim of high yield, high efficiency of nutrient resource and friendly environment effect got excellent grain quality of winter wheat.

  园艺园林科学

  A Review on Responses of Turfgrass to Heavy Metal Stress Liu Junxiang, Sun Zhenyuan, Han Lei, Ju Guansheng, Qian Yongqiang 2009, 25 (13):  142-145.  Abstract + ( 1570 )   PDF ( 505929KB )   ( 947 ) Abstract: In this paper, the authors reviewed the present research status of the effects of heavy metal on turfgrass,which contained the effects on growth, physiology ,biochemistry and phytoremediation; the capability of absorption and accumulation.On the basis of the present status,pointed out the existing problems and future directions on this field.

  Effects of Paclobutrazol at Different Concentration on Growth and Florescence of Narcissus Guan Ainong, Liu Ye, Wang Zhizhong, Shen Hongxiang, 2009, 25 (13):  146-149.  Abstract + ( 1420 )   PDF ( 717317KB )   ( 773 ) In order to improve the morphological characters, Paclobutrazol(PP333) was applied at different concentration to Narcissus tuber before indoor water-culture. The results showed that the treatment by PP333 at 200-400 mg/L can effectively inhibit the vegetative growth of Narcissus. It was observed that the treatments reduced plant height, increased chlorophyll content, extended blooming period of individual flower. Therefore, the ornamental value of indoor water-cultured Narcissus can be significant improved by PP333 at suitable concentration.

  Preliminary Study on Adventitious Bud Regeneration from in Vitro Non-bud Stem of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.‘Fupingdazao’ Zhou Xiaoli, Peng Jianying, Duan Hongxi 2009, 25 (13):  150-153.  Abstract + ( 1262 )   PDF ( 1034583KB )   ( 673 ) The factors affecting adventitious bud regeneration from in vitro non-bud stem of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.‘Fupingdazao’ in MS media were studied, which included sterilization time, dark incubation time and plant growth regulator. The results showed that 8-10 minutes of sterilization time for young non-bud stem was suitable; 21 days of dark culture was optimal ;The best combination of plant growth regulators was confirmed on MS+6-BA 1.0mg.L-1+ IBA 0.1mg.L-1，on which regeneration rate and Adventitious buds per stem were 85.42% and 3.23 respectively, they were significantly higher than other treatment, and the adventitious buds could become developmental branch.

  Effects of Edible and chemical Pigments on Dyeing of Cut Platycodon gradiflorus Liu Wu , Zhang Yuping, Li Tujiao 2009, 25 (13):  154-156.  Abstract + ( 1632 )   PDF ( 506767KB )   ( 1023 ) In this paper effects of edible and chemical pigments on dyeing of cut Platycodon gradiflorus were studied. The results showed that Sunset yellow and Amaranth were more suitable for cut Platycodon gradiflorus than Brilliant Blue，Ponceau 4R , Egg Yolk color and Apple Green were not suitable for cut Platycodon gradiflorus. Suitable density and time of different edible pigments were Sunset Yellow(18g/L,6h), Amaranth(15g/L,7h), Brilliant Blue(12g/L,6h), Ponceau 4R(15g/L,6h), Egg Yolk color (18g/L,8h) and Apple Green (18g/L,8h). There are 7 varieties which are effective to cut Platycodon gradiflorus among 20 chemical pigments, the effects of tetra bromophenol blue （6g/L,8h）and Methyl Blueness (5g/L,8h) were better. The dyeing speed was fast when cut Platycodon gradiflorus opened in a great degree. Flower stems with more or less leaves were not significant different. The Vase life became shorter after dyeing but still had a period of 4~6 days for ornament.

  Research on Chinese elements application in Arrangement of modern Plants Landscape Li Jianwei, Liu Yali 2009, 25 (13):  157-160.  Abstract + ( 1267 )   PDF ( 518659KB )   ( 1049 ) Plant is one of most important element in Garden landscape, Chinese elements is the source of the Chinese characteristic landscape, In plain view farming culture of urban ecological community, proper kind of native plants under the influence of the principles of feng shui, and return mode in ancient Chinese science and way of thinking, is following the oneness, the harmony between man and nature and the principle of modern landscape, provides the ecological significance of the template. Poetry culture and traditional plant in modern plant landscape in the proper use of will bring good social effect. These Chinese elements to the modern garden plant landscape can explore ways of application and significance.

  植物保护科学

  Releasing Mechanism and Application of Herbivor-induced Plant Volatiles Song Xiaojun,,, Tang Chao, Qin Weiquan, Jin Qi’an, Wen Haibo 2009, 25 (13):  161-165.  Abstract + ( 1097 )   PDF ( 539296KB )   ( 1270 ) Herbivor-induced plant volatiles(HIVs) from plants damaged by pest can communication smong plants and can protect plants. They can manipulate relationships among plants, herbivores and their natural enemies, and it was very important for Herbivor-induced plant volatiles to manipulate insect behavior. In recent years, Herbivor-induced plant volatiles have attracted attention of people. In the paper, the releasing mechanism and the application of Herbivor-induced plant volatiles were reviewed. It was helpful to exploit and use Herbivor-induced plant volatiles for protecting plants and to carry out the new strategy of protecting plants.

  Detection to antimicrobial activity and prefractionation of antimildew agent from Calleria mellonella Zhao Qing, Li Jing, Lu Xiujun, Li Ruijun, Dong Jianzhen, Xie Xiansheng, 2009, 25 (13):  166-170.  Abstract + ( 1379 )   PDF ( 744964KB )   ( 722 ) Abstract: In this study, the antimicrobial crude extract was obtained as immunizing hemolymph from the last stage larvae of Calleria mellonella after induction. With three disparate treatment, fresh, frozen and heated, the crudes was carried out detection to two common bacteria and 16 kinds of plant pathogenic fungi, and separation with Sephadex G-50 gel filtration. The results showed that the three disparate treated substances have no visible antibacterial effect to E. coli , but a obvious effect to Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition of about 10 bacteriostasis units; have dissimilar effects to 10 kinds of fungi among the total kinds, and have a good inhibitory effect to Cytospora.coccodes (Wallr.)Hughes with fungistasis rate above 65%. After the gel filtration and activity detection, 50mM ammonium acetate was screened out as the more suitable eluents, the crudes were separated into strikingly unlike parts with obviously different antimicrobial activity.

  Testing for sensitivity to three fungicides in Phytophthora infestans from two Provinces of Hebei and Jilin in Chen Lianghua, Yang Zhihui, Ding Mingya, Zhu Jiehua, Han Yanqing, Sun Xiangrui, Wu Jinglian 2009, 25 (13):  171-174.  Abstract + ( 1661 )   PDF ( 576497KB )   ( 806 ) Abstract: Sensitivities to the azoxystrobin, mefenoxam and metalaxyl of Phytophthora infestans were tested for isolates collected from some areas of two Provinces of Hebei and Jilin in China, using an in vitro radical growth assay on fungcide-amended agar media. All tested 97 isolates from two provinces were sensitive to azoxystrobin. Of 65 isolates from Weichang county of Hebei province, the most ones were mefenoxam-resistant and the percentages of highly-resistant, intermediate-resistant and sensitive were separately 72.3%, 26.2% and 1.5%. Of 35 strains from Changchun city of Jilin province, however, majority was mefenoxam-sensitive and the percentages of sensitive, intermediate-resistant, and resistant strains were 81.3%, 15.6% and 3.1%, respectively. Of the 35 isolates sampled from Weichang county of Hebei province, all isolates were resistant to metalaxyl and the percentage of highly-resistant ones was 91.7%. Of 18 isolates sampled from Changchun city, major isolates were sensitive to metalaxyl and the percentages of sensitive, intermediate-resistant and highly-resistant ones were separately 77.8%, 16.7% and 5.5%. It was also detected that mefenoxam and metalaxyl could make mycelia grow well in the rye medium.

  Advances in Extraeellular Protease and Chitinase of Beauveria Bassiana Wang Gang,, Dong Jianzhen, CaoWeiping, Wang Jinyao, Wang Rongyan, Du Lixin, Song Jian, Feng Shuliang 2009, 25 (13):  175-178.  Abstract + ( 1336 )   PDF ( 478551KB )   ( 936 ) Abstract: The penetration of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria Bassiana to host’s cuticle is one of the key steps in infection. During this step, insect pathogenic fungi secreted several hydrolases, including proteases, chitinases and et al., which degraded host’s cuticle and helped fungi to penetrate cuticle. In this paper, we reviewed advances in the research of Extraeellular Protease and Chitinase of Beauveria bassiana.

  23

  Susceptibility of Cowpea Aphid (Aphis Craccivora Koch) to Dichlorvos, Cyhalothrin，Phoxim and Methomyl in Hainan 2009, 25 (13):  179-181.  Abstract + ( 1389 )   PDF ( 437186KB )   ( 1004 ) A preliminary investigation of the susceptibility of cowpea aphid to dichlorvos, cyhalothrin，phoxim and methomyl were performed in Jinjiang, Liangyuan, Yacheng and Tongshen villages, Hainan .province.The results showed that cowpea aphid from different areas had different susceptibility to dichlorvos, cyhalothrin，phoxim and methomyl. Cowpea aphid populations from Yacheng and Jinjiang villages were significantly resistant to cyhalothrin，phoxim, methomyl and dichlorvos, the resistant rates were 21.86-fold, 22.78-fold, 17.88-fold , 13.93-fold and 10.91-fold，12.59-fold, 11.47-fold, 13.49-fold as those of Liangyuan based on the results of LC50, respectively. The resistances of cowpea aphid from Tongshen village to cyhalothrin，phoxim, methomyl and dichlorvos were increased, its resistant rates were 1.58-fold, 12.27-fold, 4.45-fold and 2.28-fold as those of Liangyuan based on the results of LC50. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of the four cowpea aphid populations were better to cyhalothrin，phoxim, methomyl and dichlorvos. It’s time to beteer apply cyhalothrin，phoxim, methomyl and dichlorvos to control cotton ahpid in Hainan so as not to develop much more resistant cotton ahpid populations, respectively.

  Influence of Different Herbicide Combinations on Quality and Yield of Soybean Variety Hefeng39 WANG Hong-Wu 2009, 25 (13):  182-184.  Abstract + ( 1188 )   PDF ( 390094KB )   ( 745 ) Abstract : Influence tests of ten different herbicide combinations on oil and protein content ,as well as yield of soybean variety hefeng39 were carried out .The result were that all treatments can increase its oil content(from0.14% to 0.65%) ,only treatment A can increase its protein content 0.095%, treatments H can increase its yield 6%.

  植物保护科学

  Operating Procedure on survey methodology and integrated control Standard of the major diseases and insect pests in Houttuynia cordata Li Tao, Zhang Shengxi, Li Sucui, Liu Qibai, Zeng Weijun, Wu Xianjin, 2009, 25 (13):  185-189.  Abstract + ( 1320 )   PDF ( 529869KB )   ( 829 ) Abstract: This paper briefs the major diseases and insect pests in Houttuynia cordata and their patterns and symptoms, and identifying methods of them. The corresponding survey and sampling methods and classification standard were put forword. A set of standard operating procedures of control of them was sum up, by reference to “national food standard of A-pesticide application” and “ production standard of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Trial)”, according to the occurred rules of the major diseases and pests in Houttuynia cordata. It provided a guarantee for the standardization of production.

  Progress on Stripe Rust Resistance Genes and Resistant Breeding in Wheat Dong Shujing, ，Xu Weigang 2009, 25 (13):  190-196.  Abstract + ( 1574 )   PDF ( 533100KB )   ( 1751 ) The origin, chromosomal location and molecular markers of stripe rust resistance genes in wheat are summarized .The evolvement of resistance varieties and physiological race are reviewed.The stripe rust resistance genes in wheat are valued.And the applications of molecular markers in wheat of resistance breeding are discussed.

  Optimized of the Conjugal Transfer System of Stremptomyces roseoflavus Men-myco-93-63 Shen Fengying, Li Yaning, Liu Liqiang,Wu Weigang, Liu Daqun 2009, 25 (13):  197-201.  Abstract + ( 1706 )   PDF ( 788840KB )   ( 1586 ) Abstract：Streptomyces roseoflavus Men-myco-93-63 was isolated from potato scab (S. scabies) decline soil and its fermentation can inhibit many phytopathogenic fungi and control related important plant diseases such as cotton verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae) and cumber powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea Poll). The genetic integrate plasmid pSET152 and genetic damage plasmid pKC1139 used as the starting plasmid, ET12567 (PUZ8002, pSET152) and ET12567 (PUZ8002, pKC1139) used as the donor, Men-myco-93-63 spores and hyphae used as the receptor, respectively, the system for the conjugal transfer of pSET152 or pKC1139 from Escherichia coli in to Men-myco-93-63 has been developed. Different medium, such as MS, PDA, TSB agar, oats medium were selected for conjugal transfer, respectively. The results showed that MS medium is fit for conjugal transfer between Men-myco-93-63 and ET12567 (PUZ8002 ), and it was confirmed that plasmid pSET152 and pKC1139 had been successfully transferred to the Men-myco-93-63, respectively. When spores were used as the receptor, the pre-conditions of the germination of spores were 50 ℃ heat shock 10 min, 37 ℃ incubated 2.5 h in MS medium, and the conversion efficiency was 10-7 to 10-6. If the mycelium were uesd as the receptor, the conversion efficiency was 10-7 to 10-6, but the mycelium pollution can not be avoided. In addition, the coverage time on antibiotics effected the joint transfer efficiency significantly, 16 to18 hours was best.

  Observations on the behavior and habit of the adult Tirathaba rufivena Walker GAN Bing-Chun ,lin yi ming, , 2009, 25 (13):  202-205.  Abstract + ( 1317 )   PDF ( 633579KB )   ( 680 ) The behavior and habit of the adult Tirathaba rufivena Walker were observated in laboratory condition. The results showed that eclosion mainly occurred from 20:00 to 5:00 hours, and peaked from 20:00 to 22:00 hours. Both males and females were able to mate from 1-day -old to 5-day -old, and peaked on second night after emergence. Daily mating activity occurred from 20:00 to 6:00 hours，and peaked from 1:00 to 3:00 hours. Mating duration of adult lasted from 15 to 130 minutes, with an average of 83.53 minutes. The adult oviposited in the evening, average laying eggs were 429. The longevity of female and male adults was 12.13 days and 11.45 days，respectively.

  生态农业科学

  Absorption and Accumulation of Cu、Sb、Cd、Pb in wetland soils by Zizania latifolia from the South Dongting Lake Peng Xiaoyun, Zhao Yunlin, Lei Cunxi, Dai Meibin, Yi Hecheng 2009, 25 (13):  206-210.  Abstract + ( 1270 )   PDF ( 573544KB )   ( 570 ) To study the regulations on absorption and accumulation of heavy metals in Zizania latifolia.　we had collected some specimens of the dominant species of Z. latifolia which live in heavy metal polluted area of the South of Dongting Lake and its rhizosphere soil，then we analysised the content of Cu，Sb，Cd，Pb in them.　Results showed that the pollution level in soil was Sb > Cd > Cu，but the content of Pb did not exceed the stipulated standards.　Living in these heavy metal polluted soils，each part of Z. latifolia had no enrichment of Sb.　However，the ability of absorption and accumulation of other three kinds of heavy metals was root > leaf > stem.　 For different areas of the South Dongting Lake，acumulation ability of heavy metals in Z. latifolia was different.　In Xi Jihong2 area, the enrichment factor of Cu in roots of Z. latifolia was significantly higher than that of other six areas (P <0.05).　The enrichment factor of Cu in roots of Z. latifolia which live in Lu Mahu2 area and those of Z. latifolia which live in Xi Jihong2 area had no significant differences(P> 0.05)，but their enrichment factor both were significantly higher that of other five areas (P <0.05).　As a result，Z. latifolia has good prospect of application for remediating the region of the heavy metal pollution in the South Dongting Lake.

  Utilization of Fuzzy Mathematical Method in Environmental Quality Evaluation of Three Tributary Rivers of Beibei Yao Zhiyuan, Hao Qingju,, Jiang Changsheng,, Hu Biqin, 2009, 25 (13):  211-215.  Abstract + ( 1279 )   PDF ( 1435559KB )   ( 669 ) Abstract: Three tributary rivers (which are Bibei River, Motan River and Heishui River) in Beibei District of Chongqing were studied in this paper. Comprehensive evaluation of five monitoring cross sections and eleven pollution factors were conducted by fuzzy mathematical comprehensive evaluation model. The evaluation result showed that the water quality of the five monitoring cross sections has clearly seasonal changes, and the surface water quality of Heishui River is the best in the whole year, with Grade Ⅰ and Ⅱwater quality standard, met the standards of water environmental quality in addition to Pianyan section was Grade Ⅲ in February. However, water quality of Motan River is the worst, even with a bad Grade Ⅴ water quality standard, so it was in serious pollution and needs to be treated. The water quality were in Grade Ⅳ water quality standard in February and Grade Ⅲ in May and Grade Ⅱ in August. The evaluation results provide a scientific basis for pollution control.

  Dynamical Monitoring of Spartina Alterniflora Invasion by using remote sensing data in Luoyuan Bay, Fujian Pan Weihua, Chen Jiajin, Li Lichun, Wang Jiayi 2009, 25 (13):  216-219.  Abstract + ( 1491 )   PDF ( 783863KB )   ( 875 ) In order to investigate and monitor spartina alterniflora resources in the Luoyuan Bay, this paper illustrates the image process and interpretation based on the Landsat TM/ETM+ remote-sensing data of 2000 and 2006. On the base of the spectral analysis of different ground objects, NDVI and tasseled cap transform adopted on multi-spectral images, the algorithms for extracting and rectifying the spartina alterniflora from other landscape types were determined by decision tress classify in combination with visual interpretation. The results showed clearly and truly that the distribution and expansion trend of spartina alterniflora and prove that the remote sensing approach was useful for monitoring smooth cordgrass invasion in Luoyuan Bay. The spartina alterniflora was distributed in coastal wetland around the Luoyuan Bay. The areas of spartina alterniflora were increased 17.657 km2 from 2000 to 2006, and the yearly increasing rate was 10.74%. Meanwhile, the spartina alterniflora was experiencing a quickly expand period and was required to treat with by local government.

  农业资源与环境科学

  SPATIAL-TEMPORAL CHANGE OF PHOSPHORUS BALANCE AND THE DRIVING FACTORS FOR AGROECOSYSTEMS IN CHINA Cao Ning,, Zhangyubin, Chen Xinping 2009, 25 (13):  220-225.  Abstract + ( 1099 )   PDF ( 1618041KB )   ( 713 ) Using a statistic data which based on a GIS plat, P budget for national (1952-2004) and regional (1980-2002) level in China were calculated, and it’s spatial and temporal variabilities were analyzed to estimate the potential impacts of P surpluses or deficits to soil. At regional level, the P budgets ranged from -20 kg/ha to 425 kg/ha and -17 kg/ha to 450 kg/ha in 1996 and 2002, respectively. The percentage of middle P surplus (20-50 kg/ha) decreased from 34.2% to 24.1%, while high P surplus (50-100 kg/ha) increased from 29.3% to 33.4% between 1996 and 2002. P fertilizer application was the dominate factor affected the variability of P budget whether on the national or regional scale; plant structure was also a driving factor affecting the temporal variability of P input. The economic strength (agricultural income) of the farmer played an important role in the P application in the relatively undeveloped agricultural area.

  Study on the Effect of Agricultural Wastes as Substitute for Peat in Materials of Slope Ecology Protection Song Falong, Ma Youhua, Jiang Yun, Hu Hongxiang, Yu Hongmei, He Jinling, Huang Jieying 2009, 25 (13):  226-229.  Abstract + ( 1282 )   PDF ( 727618KB )   ( 910 ) In view of the problem of slope protection’s high cost which results from high cost of peat, The pot experiment on grass was carried out with the muck, the straw stalk, the cow dung, the waste of mushroom that replaced the peat coal to study the effects on grass growth and nutrient change of various materials . Through eight month-long the long-term experiment, the result indicated that several solid rejects' nutrient content can satisfy the plant growth of the long-term demand, and boost seeds coming up. 60 days later, the muck group was best and the mix material next, they were 8cm tall in average coverage rate above 95%, and comparison group coverage rate under30%. With the muck, the straw stalk, the cow dung, the waste of mushroom and so on to use as the peat coal, the result was that nutrient content stabilize in the high level finally, and those material may becomes the high quality material which substitute the peat coal.

  The Determination of Heavy Metals in Vegetable Soil by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry in Suburb of Harbin Zhang Sichong, Zhou Xiaocong, Ye Huaxiang, Wang Chunguang 2009, 25 (13):  230-233.  Abstract + ( 1588 )   PDF ( 1159846KB )   ( 1077 ) This paper is an experimental research about heavy metal Determination in Vegetable Soil in Suburb of Haerbin, Heilongjiang Province. When the determaination of heavy metals in Vegetable Soil by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectromtry 12 sammples were randomly selected and determined for five repeated experiments. Relative standard deviation of the results were all less than0.005％,0.006％,0.013％,0.003％ 和0.011％ of As,Cr,Cu,Pb,Zn,Compared with chemical method, the method of X-ray fluorescence spectrum has the advantages of the sampling being simple, the analytieal speed being quick,the result being accurate etc. The heavy metals in the sediment were determined by the method and the precision and reproducibity are in agreement with standard methods.The results of experiment show that this method may be used to determine heavy metals in the sediment．

  热带农业科学

  Application and result analysis of Tianbao Banana’s industrialization technology model 2009, 25 (13):  234-240.  Abstract + ( 1252 )   PDF ( 634324KB )   ( 673 ) In order to create “Tianbao Banana” brand, and promote industrial quality and efficiency and sustainable development, by implementing the project, Xiangcheng district government trains the top companies as carrier of project implementation to form a technology model of “top companies + farmers. + the base + standards ”. Advanced equipments are used, while industrialization management well done, systematism level raised. Xiangcheng district government sdudies and work out local standard in Fujian——standard text: “Tianbao Banana”, and guides the farmers to speed up the application and extension of standardized production technology by the principle of benefits driven, ensures quality optimization of banana and food security. “Tianbao Banana” has got Protection of Geographical Indications National Product. To be sure the implementation of project, organization leadship are strengthened, while model base are built, technology promotion network are strengthened, in addition high quality technology service carries out. Over the past 2 years, following achievements have been got: model area 152.7hm2, promotion area 2066.7hm2, average output 34932 kg/hm2, added output 11700t, added output value 35.291 million RMB yuan, cost saving 3.736 million RMB yuan, output input ratios 2.6. There is a great significance for pushing devolopment of high quality, high output, safe and efficient banana industry.

  Optimization of SAM-SSR System in Rubber Tree Yu Fei,, Feng Suping,, Tong Helin,, Wu Yaoting 2009, 25 (13):  241-245.  Abstract + ( 1402 )   PDF ( 1795547KB )   ( 794 ) Reyan88-13, a superior clone of rubber tree, was used as material to study the affects of SAM-SSR (digestion, linkage, suppressed amplification and pre-amplification PCR). The results showed that the optimal digest concentration, method and time of enzyme were 5U MseⅠand 5U PstⅠ,double digest for 1h; the optimal concentration of DNA template was 100~300 ng/ul; the optimal temperature and time of linkage were 16℃ overnight; And the suppressed amplification and pre-amplification PCR were set up based the productions of linkage and suppressed amplification diluted by 20 times respectively. The productions of SAM amplification were detected by 8% Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and the results showed, the amplified productions ranged from 200bp to 750bp and could be used to construct the SSR genomic library for rubber tree.

  农业信息科学

  Design and Implementation of Pollution-Free Agricultural Products Certification System Based on J2EE GUO Wei ,Xi Lei,Ma Xinming 2009, 25 (13):  246-249.  Abstract + ( 1298 )   PDF ( 507126KB )   ( 608 ) For the realization of digitization, standardization on the Nuisance-Free Agriculture Products，the adoption of UML modeling, the system achieved the digital certification of agricultural products based on J2EE platform lightweight framework“ Spring + Struts + Hibernate ”.System will not only be able to provide fast and convenient to declare agricultural products, environmental testing and certification of agricultural figures, but also be able to carry out the relevant electronic information storage. The system realized the efficient management of declaration and certification information.

  Researches on the Status and Countermeasures of Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Services 2009, 25 (13):  250-253.  Abstract + ( 1456 )   PDF ( 491730KB )   ( 790 ) Abstract: The rural science and technology service system was an important pillar to agricultural science and technology progress. It was the basic guarantee for the realization of agricultural industrialization and modernization. Therefore, it was an important element to the agricultural modernization construction. At the basis of literature review and field survey, this paper took a qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis to study external factors and internal factors on agricultural science and technology services. The results showed that China’s current agricultural science and technology service system was clearly not suited for the rapid development of market economy, the current main several pattern crossed and was not standardized. The new and effective linking mechanism had not yet to be established up, resulting in the organizational function of agricultural science and technology blank. Therefore, it was cried for countermeasures which could promote the development of the Guangdong, even whole the country, modern agricultural science and technology service system. In this context, this paper put forward several proposals for reference.

  农业工程科学

  Effects of different plasic film on fruit quality of peach in greenhouse Chen Xiude,, Gao Dongsheng,, Mi Qinghua, Tan Yue,, Guo Yucai,, Li Shaoxuan,, Xu Aihong, 2009, 25 (13):  254-259.  Abstract + ( 1791 )   PDF ( 774247KB )   ( 724 ) Four-year-old kansu peach ‘Taiwan farmers sweet’ (Prunus persica cv.tainongtianmi) which was grown in solar greenhouse was used as experiment material to research the comprehensive influence of Coating- anti-fog film and inner-added anti-fog film on light and temperature condition and fruit quality. Results showed as follows：Coating- anti-fog film has better ultraviolet-B transmittance, insulation and moisture retention than inner-added anti-fog film through the results. Meanwhile Coating-anti-fog film is more conducive to promoting the growth of the fruit, sugar, starch, also reducing the synthesis of organic acids and improving sugar acid ratio, but goes against the synthesis of protein. In a word Coating- anti-fog film is more conducive to improveing the comprehensive quality of the fruit.

  Development and Prospect of Tobacco Leaveves Bulk Curing Barn Tie Yan, He Zhijun, Luo Huilong 2009, 25 (13):  260-262.  Abstract + ( 1361 )   PDF ( 423455KB )   ( 802 ) Abstract: The achievements and the application of bulk cuing barn in China were reviewed. The existing problems of bulk curing barn were also discussed. The further research directions to improve the quality of bulk curing were predicted.

  水产渔业科学

  Genetic Diversity of Mitochondrial DNA D-looP Sequences of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix in Tai Lake ,Wang Maoyuan,, Yang Hong, Zou Zhiying, Li Dayu, Zhu Jinglin, Xiao Wei 2009, 25 (13):  263-267.  Abstract + ( 1384 )   PDF ( 689281KB )   ( 926 ) The PCR technique was used to amplify the mtDNA D-Loop in 30 individuals of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix collected from the Tai Lake. The PCR products were purified and cloned into pMD19-T vector and sequenced. As a result, 520 bp nucleotide sequences of partial D-Loop sequence obtained (the primer and some of the marginal sequences were excluded).By using CLUSTAL X(1.83) to align and compare the sequences of these 30 individuals with each other, 52 variation sites were observed, of which there were one deletions, 36 transition sites, 15 transversion sites and one transition-transversion sites. The pairwise genetic distances were computed by MEGA. The NJ phylogenetic trees was obtained through the cluster analysis over the pairwise genetic distance. As estimated by DNASP, the number of polymorphic sites(S) is 52; the nucleotide diversity (Pi) and the average number of nucleotide diferences (K) are 1.24%±0.35% and 6.368, respectively. It can be concluded that the variation in mtDNA D-Loop of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix in the Tai Lake is relatively rich and wealthy on genetic diversity.

  Effects of Non-starch Polysaccharide Enzyme on Digestive Enzyme Activity and Apparent Digestibility of Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) Chen Jing-Hua 2009, 25 (13):  268-272.  Abstract + ( 1245 )   PDF ( 580221KB )   ( 853 ) A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) enzyme on digestive enzyme activity and apparent digestibility of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). The NSP-enzyme pretreated soybean meal (SBM) was obtained by fermentation with Candida utilis. Four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated. The control diet contained 68.0% fish meal (FM) as the main protein source, whereas 45% of FM protein was replaced by SBM protein in the SBM diets with 0 and 0.2% NSP-enzyme. The NSP-enzyme pretreated SBM diet was formulated in which NSP-enzyme pretreated SBM protein replaced 45% of FM protein. At the end of the feeding trial, the digestive enzyme activities (P<0.01) and apparent digestibility (P<0.05) of fish fed the SBM diet without NSP-enzyme were significantly lower than those in control. Comparing with the SBM diet without NSP-enzyme, the fish fed the SBM diet supplemented NSP-enzyme showed significantly higher digestive enzyme activities (P<0.01) and apparent digestibility (P<0.05). The digestive enzyme activities and apparent digestibility of fish fed NSP-enzyme pretreated SBM diet were not significantly different from those of the SBM diet without NSP-enzyme (P>0.05).

  The Analysis of ITS-1 Sequence for Macrobrachium Hainanense Yao Jianhua, Fu Hongtuo,, Gong Yongsheng, Wu Yan 2009, 25 (13):  273-277.  Abstract + ( 1303 )   PDF ( 572085KB )   ( 924 ) In order to obtain genetic information of Macrobrachium Hainanense, this paper focus on the research by ITS-1 molecular marker technology. As showed by results: ①The length of ITS-1 is range from 1700bp to 1800bp, shorter than Macrobrachium nipponense.②The contents scope of bases(A,G, C ,G+ C) is 27%～30%,27%～31%,14～16%,43%～46% respectively. ③ Rich SSR information is contained in ITS-1 sequence for Macrobrachium Hainanense, such as repeats of (AG)n, (GA)n, (AGT)n, (AGC)n, (GCA)n and repeats of (AG)n, (GA)n are polymorphism locus. The proportion of which appear among individuals are 100%,100%,25%,12.5%,12.5%. ④Homology is demonstrated by BLAST between Macrobrachium Hainanense and Macrobrachium nipponense, Metapenaeus ensis. This article is that not only fills up Macrobrachium Hainan ITS-1 research gaps, but also provides a theoretical reference for Macrobrachium Hainan follow-up studies.

  三农问题研究

  The Research of China's Rural Finance Ecology Environment 2009, 25 (13):  278-287.  Abstract + ( 1504 )   PDF ( 670152KB )   ( 606 ) Abstract: Judging the rural finance ecology environment is based on the level of development and stability of rural regional economy, the stability of the financial laws and regulations and its perfection status of implementation at the rural areas, the extent of the sound credit environment at rural areas, and the ways of local government manage the rural financial activities and the extent of their intervention. At present, China’s rural finance ecology environment is facing the grim macroeconomic situation, serious gaps in rural finance, and the administration forces inappropriate intervention activities on rural finance. What’s more, rural finance also has low level of market-oriented and lag of the mercantile system construction, and is lack of legal environment and the awareness of social credit. Thus, to improve the status quo of rural finance ecology environment should plan the economy society development as a whole, eliminate the “dual structure”, and promote rural economic development; normative acts of local governments, establish the healthy interact relationship, meanwhile, set up simultaneously legal and law enforcement system, create a good legal environment for rural financial ecosystem, and comprehensively promote the construction of credit system and standardize the ecology of rural finance credit order.

  Analyses farming industry development situation of Jinzhong region in Shanxi 2009, 25 (13):  294-297.  Abstract + ( 1138 )   PDF ( 454813KB )   ( 694 ) Abstract: Jin Zhong is one of grain, vegetable, livestock products, main dry and fresh fruits producing area in Shanxi. Analysis Jinzhong region’s agro-industry development, processing enterprises Jinzhong to accelerate the expansion of processing scale, enhance R & D capability and quality management to increase the level of value-added products, the benefits of linking more closely the way the local farmers Driven increase revenue to better promote the advantages Jinzhong the development of agricultural industrialization.

  The Discussion on the Quality Requirements and Cultivation Path for the Innovative Talent in the Agriculture and Forestry High School Lei Guoquan, Wan Hailin, Liang Zheng, Cao Binbin, Xie Fen, Tong Ling 2009, 25 (13):  298-302.  Abstract + ( 1418 )   PDF ( 533028KB )   ( 601 ) Cultivate innovative talent is an inevitable requirement of the times ，and it is the fundamental task of the educating of the high school and the key of building an innovation-oriented countries. This article explain the Connotation, basic features and the urgency for the cultivation talent for the agriculture and forestry high school, discuss the requirement and the path for cultivation for the innovative talent in the agriculture and forestry high school, it will play a reference role for the agriculture and forestry high school to cultivate innovative talent.

  Survey and Analysis of Countryside Construction in Eastern Developed Area--A Case Study of Xinzhuang Town, Changshu Wo Fei, Wang Wei, Li Yujin, Li Yujin, Liu Fengzhi, Cai Yanming 2009, 25 (13):  303-306.  Abstract + ( 991 )   PDF ( 578249KB )   ( 536 ) In order to study situation and characteristics of countryside construction in eastern developed area of china, Xinzhuang town of Changshu was using as example. In this paper, the analysis was through investigation, questionnaire survey and random treatment assignment about eco-environment, living standard, human Services and public utilities. The contentment degree, acceptance degree and attention degree of them were also studied in this paper. Finally, some suggestions and measures of eco-environment and improvement were put forward. It can provide reference to such typical rural area management and establishment of rural environmental measurement.