Current issue

• 2010 Vol.26 No.5 Published:05 March 2010

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  Establishment of the variant Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus by RT-PCR assay 2010, 26 (5):  1-4.  Abstract + ( 1172 )   PDF ( 1257905KB )   ( 1268 )

  Effects of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 on the Proliferation of Sika Deer Antler Mesenchymal Layer Cells at Different Generation 2010, 26 (5):  5-7.  Abstract + ( 1337 )   PDF ( 967444KB )   ( 934 ) 【Objective】To investigate the effects of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)on the proliferation of sika deer antler mesenchymal layer cells from different passages in vitro. 【Method】The mesenchymal layer cells were isolated from sika deer antlers of growing 90 day and cultured. The second, fifth and eighth population cells were incubated with 0, 1, 3, and 10 nM IGF1. Thymidine incorporation assay was applied after 24 hours of culture respectively to determine the radioactivity content of protein synthesis. 【Results】The average and maximal radioactivity content of protein synthesis value of the proliferation of cells from growing 90 day’s antler in the experimental group were the highest in the second population cells (32146 and 35973 DPM/mg respectively), decreased in the fifth population cells materially (2781 and 3206 DPM/mg), and decreased continuously in the eighth population cells (489 and 736 DPM/mg) and there was no significant difference compared with the control group. 【Conclusion】The sensitivity of sika deer antler mesenchymal layer cells to IGF1 varies from various passages. There was no difference in sensitivity to IGF1 in the eighth population cells at 90 days growing period of antler in vitro.

  The screening and identification of antagonistic bacteria against Penicillium expansum and the inhibitive effects of fermentation broth 2010, 26 (5):  8-13.  Abstract + ( 8390 )   PDF ( 4247140KB )   ( 8647 ) Dozens of strains of bacteria were isolated from the surface of fruits and the soil, they were selected through the plate confrontation method and six strains which have good antagonistic effect are obtained, among them two strains named T3 and T8 which the fermentation broth showed a significant antagonistic effect to Penicillium expansum are found. The antifungal activity of fermentation broth of T3 and T8 are studied. The stability experiment show that after treatment with 100 ℃ and two proteases, the fermentation broth of T3 performs good antagonistic effect, while antagonistic effect of the fermentation broth of T8 decreases a lot. The antifungal activity of T3 and T8 reach almost highest level after 2 days growth. It is also found that BPA was the optical medium to T3 and PDA was the optical medium to T8. The fermentation broth of two strains can cause hyphae deformity of Penicillium expansum. According to their morphological, physiological, biochemical characters, and the analysis of the sequence of 16SrDNA,T3 and T8 were preliminary identified as Bacillus subtilis, two strains of the similarity between the gene sequence is 93.45%.

  The application of several molecular markers in maize inbred lines of sub-group 2010, 26 (5):  14-19.  Abstract + ( 1052 )   PDF ( 982657KB )   ( 1134 ) The development and utilization of molecular marker technology has promoted the development of maize breeding, it overviews the characteristics and principle of five kinds common molecular markers such as SSR、RFLP、RAPD、AFLP、SNP ,at the same time ,the molecular markers in maize inbred lines into application groups are summaried.

  Study advances in molecular mechanism of the crop architecture relevant traits 2010, 26 (5):  20-25.  Abstract + ( 1114 )   PDF ( 983735KB )   ( 1406 ) Crop architecture is a collection of integrative agricultural traits that affect grain yield through formation of photosynthesis product and grain filling storage. The influence factors include plant height, tiller number, tillering angle and leaf angle. The review summarizes the molecular mechanisms that control plant architecture and analyze the feasibility that enhances further yield per unit through improvement architecture with genetic engineering.

  Molecular markers in the study of Rhizobium 2010, 26 (5):  26-28.  Abstract + ( 1490 )   PDF ( 944655KB )   ( 1252 ) Abstract: The development of molecular marker research Rhizobia a major breakthrough in genetic mapping of Rhizobium used in construction, molecular marker-assisted selection, genetic diversity and genetic distance analysis, species identification and other aspects. This paper mainly introduces the RFLP,RAPD,SSR,ISSR Etc.of the principle of different molecular markers, methods, characteristics of the study in the application of Rhizobium.

  Analysis on the Integration Pattern of Fruit Supply Chain in Beijing 2010, 26 (5):  29-35.  Abstract + ( 1040 )   PDF ( 1058666KB )   ( 921 )

  Study on Properties of Starch from the caudex of Vallisneria Spinulosa Yan 2010, 26 (5):  36-40.  Abstract + ( 1290 )   PDF ( 1993423KB )   ( 1208 ) The physical and chemical properties of the caudex of Vallisneria Spinulosa Yan starch granules and paste were systematically studied. The caudex of Vallisneria Spinulosa Yan starch granules are uniform in shape comparatively, close to ellipse and taper with smooth surface and different size from 8 to 36μm.. The caudex of Vallisneria Spinulosa Yan starch is attributed to B-type crystal structure and the degree of crystallinity is 47.2%. The initial temperature of gelatinization is 66℃. The starch paste has low transparence, more freeze-thawing stability, and not easy retrogradation and aging characters. The viscosity reduces along with the shearing speed increasing, showing pseudo plastic characteristic.

  Study on the Regional Characteristics of Tar Contents of Flue-cured Tobacco Leaf in Hunan Tobacco-Growing Areas 2010, 26 (5):  41-45.  Abstract + ( 1496 )   PDF ( 958901KB )   ( 1055 ) The regional characteristics of tar contents were analyzed by collecting the total of 195 flue-cured tobacco samples with 3 grades(B2F, C3F, X2F) in 2007 from Hunan tobacco-growing areas. The results showed that the means of tar contents in the flue-cured tobacco leaf of B2F, C3F, X2F were 19.94 mg/cigarette,15.93 mg/cigarette, 11.58 mg/cigarette, respectively. The coefficient of variation of C3F and X2F were big. The difference of B2F and C3F were not significant but the difference of X2F was extremely significant in different ecological areas. For same grade, the tar contents of flue-cured tobacco leaves in Northwest Hunan was higher and that in Center Hunan was lower than others. The difference of B2F were not significant but the difference of C3F and X2F was extremely significant in different locations. For same grade, the tar contents of flue-cured tobacco leaves in Xiangxi and Changde were the highest, that in Yongzhou and Zhangjiejie were comparative lower. For B2F and C3F grades, the tar contents of flue-cured tobacco leaves in Changshai were the highest, but X2F grade in Changsha was comparative lower. The tar contents of flue-cured tobacco leaf in Hunan tobacco-growing areas is divided into four types with the cluster analysis, less tar contents of lower tobacco leaf, less tar contents of upper and middle tobacco leaf, higher tar contents of lower tobacco leaf, higher tar contents of upper and middle tobacco leaf.

  Effects of Single and Complex Chitosan Coating on Grape Preservative 2010, 26 (5):  46-50.  Abstract + ( 1247 )   PDF ( 1181018KB )   ( 1182 ) In order to study the effects of a single and complex chitosan coating on keeping fresh and physiological metabolism of grape（Vitis vinifera L. cv. Heiti）during storage at room temperature, rate of good fruit and weight loss, respiratory intensity, content of titratable acid (TA) and malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined after treated with a single chitosan coating or complex film composed of chitosan and tea-polyphenols or allicin. The results showed that chitosan coating significantly reduced the respiratory metabolism and water loss, decreased the loss of TA content, and increase good fruit rate, as well as decreased MDA accumulation and maintained a higher level of SOD activity. By comparison, the keeping fresh effects of complex chitosan coating on grape were better than those of a single chitosan coating. Therefore, complex chitosan coating for the preservation of grapes have good application prospects.

  Review on Technique and Advance for Identification of products of designations of origin or geographical indications 2010, 26 (5):  51-54.  Abstract + ( 1567 )   PDF ( 955945KB )   ( 1165 ) The progress on Technique and Advance for Identification of products of designations of origin or geographical indications was reviewed, including in the sensory evaluation, analyzing physical and chemical index, trace element levels and determining stable isotope ratios. Special attention was given to Modern Detection Technology, such as E-nose, E-tongues, fingerprint analysis, determining trace element content and stable isotope ratios. It should be a good method for picking-up geographical characteristic, and improve abilities to identify products of designations of origin or geographical indications.

  Probe into Analysis Method of Plant Trait Series Data Models 2010, 26 (5):  55-62.  Abstract + ( 1438 )   PDF ( 1057881KB )   ( 1097 ) This paper defines the plant trait concept from a new angle, i.e. the basic trait features of heredity, course feature, fluctuation, learning character and divergence, discusses on the basis of these features the mathematical and statistical concepts and methods, e.g. the time series analysis, that might be introduced into the trait studies, and demonstrates the feasibility of this thinking and method through the studies with specimen on the traits such as quality and output of the proper xenia rape, autogamic rice and hybrid rice. The study on the substance accumulating courses of the rapeseed demonstrates that the accumulation of all the other substances except for the oil is a nonlinear course and obviously is the cubic function of the independent variables. The simple and function smoothing models of the soluble carbohydrate (SC), OIL and dry weight (DW) series are extremely significant, so are the linear models of the protein (PRO) and cellulose. However, the adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the basic energy supplier for the metabolism of many substances, is not significant, indicating that the process involved is extremely complicated and no suitable quantitative model can be obtained at present. The data analysis of the rice leaf area growth by means of the time series analysis software demonstrates that the result is apparently different from that of the rapeseed data. The rapeseed falls either in the exponential smoothing model or the linear trend model. Yet, of the 15 rice series, only 6 demonstrate the exponential smoothing model or linear trend model, and the rest exponential smoothing model with damping trend. Except for the sterile line that is of exceptional features, the restoring line, the filial generation I line, the multi-spike line and the big spike line in terms of single leaf weight all fall in the exponential smoothing model with damping trend. This result demonstrates the basic rule of changes in the rice leaf weight. Besides, the restoring line model and the filial generation (F1) line model are identical in three traits. In the simulation of the hybrid rice series with the restoring line and the sterile line, the corresponding variables of the restoring line play the major role, the sterile line has a secondary function only, demonstrating that the restoring line exerts a decisive function on the hybrid rice so far as the growth features of the rice leaf is concerned.

  Application Research of ITS Sequences in Tomato Germplasm Identification 2010, 26 (5):  63-67.  Abstract + ( 1158 )   PDF ( 1084014KB )   ( 1186 ) In this study, the primers of sequence was designed on tomato 45S rDNA , tomato genomic DNA as a template was amplified by PCR out of ITS sequences (internal translation spacer) , the cloned sequence is based on two wild tomato species and three cultivated species for molecular Identification and molecular analysis of genetic relationship. The results showed that: (1) five of the test materials are a small variation of ITS sequences, GC content was high up to57.0% ~ 65.4%. (2)using different clustering analysis showed that three cultivars tested materials have a closed genetic relationship, while the wild species of currant tomato (Solanum pimpinellifolium )are in different branches of taxa, indicated that their kinship with other species is relatively distant, at the same time the biological characteristics of Solanum pimpinellifolium significantly are different from other species.

  Genotype, Environment and Their Interactive Effects on Main Quality Traits of Sorghum 2010, 26 (5):  68-71.  Abstract + ( 1223 )   PDF ( 923726KB )   ( 977 ) Abstract: Ten sorghum varieties were planted in Shanxi, Liaoning, Gansu, Guizhou and Hunan. Starch, protein, tannin and fat were tested and analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences of the four quality traits among sorghum varieties and planting sites. Different regional test results indicated that the starch content variation was the smallest with an average of 2.59%, tannin was the largest of variation averaged 21.57%, protein and fat variation were 11.13% and 18.63%, it was higher than the starch and lower than tannins. It indicated change of starch content in different species is relatively small, while the tannin content was a great variation. There is a large choice and greater improvement potential. Analysis of the primary and secondary factors affecting the quality traits, results showed that the starch content was that interactive effects of genotype and environment were the main effects, but genotype was also great. Tannin content was that genotype was the main factors, protein content was that interactive effects of genotype and environment were the main effects, fat content was the average results of the environment, genotype, genotype × environment, because their squares percentage is closer. In the future, the introduction and breeding of species should consider these traits genotype, environment and interaction effects to enhance selection effects and production levels of the variety.

  Study on Collection Method and Component Analysis of Trace Volatiles from Hippophae rhamnoides 2010, 26 (5):  77-81.  Abstract + ( 1139 )   PDF ( 1085729KB )   ( 1180 ) Study on Collection Method and Component Analysis of Trace Volatiles from Hippophae rhamnoides Abstract: Leaves of Hippophae rhamnoides normally release small quantities of volatile chemicals. In volatiles collection and determination, the interference of background is the key factor influencing accurate quantitative analysis. For the great interference of odor from connecting pipe to volatiles, volatiles from Hippophae rhamnoides were collected using five connecting pipe from different places and material and their components were analyzed using TCT-GC/MS. The results indicated that, the impurity peaks from PVC made in USA were minimized. It is suitable for collection of trace volatiles. Furthermore, the main volatiles rom Hippophae rhamnoides included Nonane, Octane, 3-methyl-1-Butanol, Pentanal, 2-methyl- Butanal, 2-Hexen-1-ol, 2-Hexenyl benzoate in close natural state. The method can reduce interference and raise signal-to-noise ratio. The method will supply a new reference for collecting and analyzing volatiles of low-release plants.

  Research Progress of Eucalyptus dunnii Introduction and Raising Technology in China 2010, 26 (5):  82-86.  Abstract + ( 1217 )   PDF ( 973464KB )   ( 1129 ) Abstract: Eucalyptus dunnii is one of cold-resistant broadleaf trees, which was an exotic tree from Australia. It grows rapidly and its wood property is good. Eucalyptus dunnii could be plant more in the north semitorpics area of China. It has been done much test and research work on introduction, plus tree selection, raising technology and so on. It was given a review on Eucalyptus dunnii introduction and culture seedling technology in this paper. Breeding improved varieties and factory asexual propagation were the key points of planted forest of Eucalyptus dunnii.

  OPTIMAL CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY IN SWEET SORGHUM IN LINXI AREA , INNER MONGOLIA 2010, 26 (5):  87-92.  Abstract + ( 1710 )   PDF ( 891472KB )   ( 999 ) Abstract: Through the L9 (34) orthogonal design, the relation between seed manure, density and three economic indexs that production of sweet sorghum stem and Seed and stem saccharinity was studied in linxi area . The results showed: planting density is the major factor that affected production of sweet sorghum stem and Seed and saccharinity . The optimum condition of cultivation measure is urea 8.8 Kg/mu , diamidogen 6.2 Kg/mu , kalium slfuricum 10.6 Kg/mu and 6000 plants/mu of density in linxi area.

  Effective study of fertilizer on yield of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis (Fr.) Hand 2010, 26 (5):  97-100.  Abstract + ( 1430 )   PDF ( 847382KB )   ( 1239 ) Effective study of fertilizer on yield of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis (Fr.) Hand

  Effect of Low Pottassium Stress on Different Cotton Varieties in Seeding Stage 2010, 26 (5):  101-106.  Abstract + ( 1441 )   PDF ( 885565KB )   ( 1070 ) Abstract: Hydroponic culturing experiment was conducted to study screening of the potassium high efficiency among 12 cotton varieties. The result indicated that there were great difference among cotton varieties in the low potassium ability, cutivars siyang 328, jin 106, jinnongmian 3, longzamian 2 had stronger absorption ability, higher dry matter accumulation,and higher K utilization index in low K level which was contrary to xiangzamian 7, jin 102, longzamian 1, xiangnongmian 8. Potassium high-effect varieties chlorophyll contents are higher than low effect varieties, indicate that the potassium high-effect varieties have the ability transshiping potassium comparatively by force to the ground part , can maintain the cotton blade chloroplast physiology function. With the fact that potassium thickness comes down, potassium high-effect varieties MDA contents are lower than the low effect varieties, this oneself film system stability explaining the potassium high-effect varieties is fairly good , inverse is stronger in encountering low potassium coercing time to resist.

  The Study of Growth Status of Underleaf Pearl in the Influence of Mercury 2010, 26 (5):  107-109.  Abstract + ( 1227 )   PDF ( 844440KB )   ( 1075 ) Abstract: The influence of different mercury ion concentrations on the growth of water cultured Under Leaf Pearl was investigated. Results showed that mercury has significant influence on the growth of Under Leaf Pearl and its material accumulation. With the increase of the concentration of mercury, the content of Chlorophyll and Proline in the plant increases and the plant dies or inclines to die with a concentration of 40mg/L of mercury.

  Characteristics of Temporal-Spatial Variability of Soil Fertility in City Greenbelt Soil of Coastal Saline Soil 2010, 26 (5):  110-115.  Abstract + ( 1181 )   PDF ( 1189478KB )   ( 961 ) Urbanization not only makes land and geographical space a change， but also soil fertility has been a fundamental change.We calculated the membership and weight by using the fuzzy math method, principal component analysis and AHP method. This paper analyzed the temporal-spatialvariability of soil total salt, pH ,nutrient and the soil fertility index in the year of 1998 and 2008 in TEDA. We found that after 10 years of the soil survey in TEDA the soil total salt decreased markedly;soil available nitrogen,available phosphorus and organic matter increased remarkably;pH decreased slightly,available potassium rised slightly,and both change ranges were small; the soil fertility complex index increased significantly. The main reason for time-varying of soil fertility may be "shallow dense" type of underground pipe salt drainage engineering and artificial fertilization of scientific manner; the main reason for spatial variation of soil fertility is related to different sources of new soil and filling the zone in different time when the zone was construction built.

  Progress in Study of Biological Indexes of Soil Quality Evaluation and the Analysis of Correlation 2010, 26 (5):  116-120.  Abstract + ( 1217 )   PDF ( 850601KB )   ( 1239 ) The soil quality was in subjected of serious threat because of long-term failure and unreasonable using. Search for the index of soil quality has recently become a research focus. The traditional physicochemical index was not meeting the need of soil quality evaluation; therefore, search for the index which can reflect the dynamic change of soil quality is becoming important research task. Comprehensive review of soil microorganism, soil enzyme activities, soil animal and their correlations, in order to provide theoretical basis for the reasonable utilization and protection of cultivated land.

  Effect of Conservational Tillage Measures on the oxidation stability of soil Organic Carbon in Soil Aggregates 2010, 26 (5):  121-126.  Abstract + ( 1495 )   PDF ( 824879KB )   ( 1014 ) Abstract : A seven years’location experiment of wheat-corn rotation in Guanzhong plain was conducted for studying the effects of sub-soiling, rotary tillage and no-tillage on the oxidation stability of soil organic carbon in soil aggregates. The results showed that compared with conventional tillage, sub-soiling, rotary tillage, no-tillage and conventional tillage with straw incorporated all increased the content of total organic carbon and readily oxidizable organic carbon in soil aggregates. The effects of sub-soiling and rotary tillage were significant, but no-tillage have a little effect, Effects of sub-soiling, rotary tillage and no-tillage on the content of difficultly oxidizable organic in soil aggregates were insignificant. It implied that the increase of total organic carbon in soil aggregates by conservational tillage measures was mainly by enhancing the content of readily oxidizable organic carbon. The oxidation stablility coefficient (Kos) of organic carbon in soil aggregates was decreased by conservational tillage measures, but the effects was insignificant. The content of total organic carbon, readily oxidizable organic carbon and difficultly oxidizable organic carbon in smaller sizes (0.5～0.25mm and<0.25mm )of soil aggregates were higer than that in lager sizes (>0.5mm ) of soil aggregates. But the oxidation stablility coefficient (Kos) of organic carbon in smaller sizes of soil aggregates were lower than that in lager sizes of soil aggregates. The correlation analysis demonstrated that except for 5～2mm soil aggregates, correlation between soil organic carbon in different size of soil aggregates all were very significant, as well as the readily oxidizable organic carbon between different sizes of soil aggregates. The correlations between readily oxidizable organic carbon and total organic carbon in different sizes aggregates were very significant. the correlations coefficients of total organic carbon, readily oxidizable organic carbon between <0.25mm aggregates and the other sizes of soil aggregates were higher.

  Effects of Irrigation and Potassium Rate and Their Interaction on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco 2010, 26 (5):  138-141.  Abstract + ( 1192 )   PDF ( 767690KB )   ( 1036 ) A field experiment was employed to study the effect of irrigation and potassium rate and their interaction on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that yield, output value and proportion of superior leaves of flue-cured tended to increase with the increase of potassium rate. Both irrigation and potassium rate could improve yield, output value and ratio of high class leaves in different degrees, and the effect of potassium rate was more significant than that of irrigation. There was obvious interaction effect of water and potassium coupling on increasing the proportion of superior leaves. In different irrigation conditions, the models of the effect of potassium rate on yield, output value and ratio of high class leaf of flue-cured tobacco were all conic, which indicated that the effects of potassium on increasing yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco tended to decrease in higher potassium rate. Comparing with different treatments of potassium rate in economic characteristics, chemical components and smoking quality of the leaves, the appropriate potassium rate of flue-cured tobacco in Xiangxi was 240 kg/hm2.

  Effect of different potassium fertilizer amount on yield and quality of lettuce 2010, 26 (5):  142-145.  Abstract + ( 1156 )   PDF ( 834157KB )   ( 922 ) Lettuce with rich nutrients is broadly cultivated around the whole years in both north and south of China. Among the three nutrient factors (N, P, K), the most amount absorbed for lettuce was K, then N and the least P. The nutrient limiting factors for lettuce growth was N and K.As a quality nutrient, the proper use of potassium fertilizer was beneficial to promote its growth, yield and quality. A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of different potassium fertilizer amount (K1, K2, K3, K4) on yield and quality of lettuce.The results indicated that there were significant differences between the yields of lettuce. The yield of lettuce was increased by 2.0%～18.5％ and the effect was in the order of K2＞K1＞K3＞K4 and the increase efficiency of yield by potassium fertilizer in the order of K1＞K2＞K3＞K4.Comapred to CK1,the nitrate concentration in lettuce leaf and stem were increased by 12.9%～140%,but application potassium fertilizer reduced the nitrate concentration in lettuce stem and leaf by 12.2%～43.8% and 20.6%～35.0%.The relationship of nitrate concentration in lettuce stem , leaf and potassium fertilizer could be well described with quadratic regression equations.Comapred to CK1,different treatments mainly had negative effects on Vc and soluble sugar in lettuce stem ,but the contrary effect were showed in leaf .The K1 and K2 treatments had positive effects on Vc and soluble sugar of lettuce.The amino acid concentration in lettuce leaf and stem were mainly decreased under different treatments。K2 treatment （K2O 150kg/km2）was best treatment for higher yield and quality of lettuce.

  Studies on biological characteristics and biodiversity of grapevine ‘Wensuhong’ 2010, 26 (5):  146-151.  Abstract + ( 1213 )   PDF ( 1589532KB )   ( 1034 ) Abstract: 【OBJECTIVE】Grapevine ‘Wensuhong’ is an elite grapevine variety native to Wensu County, Xinjiang. Some vegetative mutations might exist in the garden. The objective of this study is to evaluate the biological characteristics and biodiversity of the fruit characteristics of the variety, 【METHOD】 The study was performed on the variety through field investigation and vegetative mutant selection. 【RESULTS】 The results indicated that the plants of this variety were vigorous growth, late maturation, productive. The grape bunches were moderate in degree of tightness, strong on bunch stalk. The berry was circular, identical, sweet, somewhat firm, crispy and with longer shelf life. The grape peel was attractively red. So it is a superior cultivated variety of table grape. There are many variations in the natural grapevine population. Seven diversity plants of the variety based on the fruit characteristics were selected. They were significantly different in bunches, berry morphology, press and pull resistance, soluble solid content and number of seeds in each grape. 【CONCLUSION】We could conclude that it was a potential variety population for cultivation extension and breeding via further sports selection.

  The Effects of Se on the photosynthesis characteristic and ChlorophyⅡ Fluorescence Parameters of Tomato Seedlings Leaves t under Low Temperature Stress 2010, 26 (5):  152-157.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   PDF ( 1272612KB )   ( 1102 ) A tomato variety Ligeer87-5 was used to study the effect of photosynthesis characteristic and chlorophyⅡ fluorescence parameters of its seedlings leaves by infliction 0.3,0.6,0.9,1.2 mgSe/kgNa2SeO3 liquor under low temperature stress, day time(12±1)℃ and night time(8±1)℃.The results showed that,with the extended of time of the low temperature stress,the photosynthetic rate（Pn）,stomatal conductance（Gs）, intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci）,and several fluorescence parameters including maximum fluorescence(Fm),photochemical maximum efficiency of PSⅡ(Fv/Fm),potential photoche- mical efficiency(Fv/Fo),photochemical quenching coefficient(qP),were decreased.At the same time,minimal fluorescence(Fo),nonphotochemical quenching coefficient(qN) were increased. Otherwise, tne different Se levels treatment could relieved effects of low temperature stress on chlorophyⅡ fluorescence parameters in tomato seedlings and the optimal treatment concentration of Se was 0.9 mgSe/kgNa2SeO3

  Preliminary Study on Physiological indexes of heat-resistance of Primula 2010, 26 (5):  158-163.  Abstract + ( 1374 )   PDF ( 1238329KB )   ( 1204 ) As most plants in Primula favorating in cold enviroment, high-temperature became a key factor in introducting as a cultivated plant.To study the response mechanism of Primula to high temperature, and select some Physiological indexes wnich would be considered as the system of heat-resistance for the primula and higher heat-resistance germplasm, the heat injury index, chlorophyll content, conductivity and MDA content, free proline and soluble protein content were measured of six primula who were Primula forrestii,P.denticulatessp.sinodenticulata,P. obconica,P. veris,P. malacoides franch and P. saxatilis under the different time in 42℃ high temperature stress. The result showed that: the heat injury index, conductivity and MDA content, free proline and soluble protein content were all would be considered as the system of heat-resistance for the primula, through the differences in heat resistance of the different kinds of Primula under the comprehensive analysis of the indexes, Primula forrestii and P. malacoides franch had higher heat-resistance, P. obconica, P. veris, P. saxatilis had ordinary heat-resistance, P.denticulatessp.sinodenticulata had lower heat-resistance.

  Plant regeneration of Vaccinium angustifdium stem 2010, 26 (5):  164-168.  Abstract + ( 1055 )   PDF ( 8805968KB )   ( 961 ) Effect of media, hormones, pH, dark incubation time, the stem site and different sealing materials on the regeneration of Vaccinium angustifdium ‘Blomidon’stem were studied.The results showed that: the appropriate medium was WPM; ZT 1.0 mg ? L-1 induced stem regenerated plants without callus was the best, ZT 5.0 mg ? L-1 + IBA 1.0 mg ? L-1 induced by the callus regenerated plants was best, regeneration frequencies were 100% and 91.67%; suitable pH was 5.0 ± 0.2; suitable dark time was 0 d or 10 d; the upper part of stem was the best part for vaccination; the cellophane was suitable sealing material.

  Comparative study on the Cold-resistance of Four species of Color-leafed Plants SOD, POD activity in Temperature 2010, 26 (5):  169-173.  Abstract + ( 1317 )   PDF ( 1039728KB )   ( 1575 ) The nature low temperatures in winter, to four kinds of color-leafed plants as test material, pairs of one-year-dormant branches of the SOD, POD content changes were determined, a preliminary study of the relationship with the cold and to study the different species SOD, POD changes in its activity due to low temperature stress the similarities and differences. The results show that its levels were elevated after the first showed a falling trend, which, SOD activity of the highest value in January, POD the highest value in February, while the maximum value of Prunus cistena SOD activity is higher than other three species, POD activity was presented as a minimum, Acer truncatum was no significant change in SOD activity, but POD activity increased 10.4-fold.

  Application of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy in nondestructive detection of fruits and vegetables quality 2010, 26 (5):  174-178.  Abstract + ( 1335 )   PDF ( 1163029KB )   ( 2009 ) Nondestructive detection of fruits and vegetables quality is highly important to the industry and trading. Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) has been widely used in nondestructive detection of fruits and vegetables quality, because of its good speed and efficiency. The objective of this review was to introduce the special attributes of NIRS, development of related NIRS spectrophotometer, and the application of NIRS in nondestructive detecting of fruits and vegetables quality, including sugar and acid concentration, maturity, and diseases condition. However, insufficiency of practical and robust NIRS models restricted the deployment of NIRS technology. In the future, portable NIRS equipments will be more useful for fruits and vegetables industry.

  Meanings of Yellow-system flowers and Ways Used in Gardens of Beijing 2010, 26 (5):  179-183.  Abstract + ( 1266 )   PDF ( 1042266KB )   ( 1134 ) Abstract: The yellow color represents Intelligence, shows Bright, takes along with the Supreme Power. Beijing is the capital of China, is the centre of politics, economy and culture. It is important to study the application of Yellow-system flowers. This article rested on correlation literature, induces the kinds of Yellow-system flowers, expoundes the history meanings and give Yellow-system flowers cultural color, points out the ways used in Beijing Gardens and put forward the future debelopment of Yellow-system flowers.

  Study on Difference of Growth and flowering in Salvia Splendens Varieties at High Temperature 2010, 26 (5):  184-188.  Abstract + ( 1114 )   PDF ( 1122655KB )   ( 961 ) Salvia splendens,a red bedding plant is used widely in landscape in the Summer and Autumn.High temperature exceeding 30℃ will seriously affect its ornamental value. The change of development stage and growth indexes of 9 Salvia Splendens after high temperature treatment was investigated. The seedling experiments were done in farmland under natural high temperature.The results showed that there are significantly different in growing period of Salvia Splendens under natural high temperature.‘Huo Wa’ and ‘Pround Red’ had the longer florescence.Plant high, rown diameter, inflorescence length and inflorescence number of nine varieties were significantly affected by high temperature stress and showed significant differentce in varieties.The tests also found that all the varieties of growth slowed down and there were a small number of leaves wilting.However,high temperature did not affect the flowering of Salvia Splendens.On the whole , ‘Pround Red’, ‘Queen’,’Huo Wa’ and ‘Hong Hai’ were tiptop in visual value and heat-tolerance.

  Studies on the Tissue Culture of the Stems and Vitro-grafting Technology in Seedless Watermelon 2010, 26 (5):  189-192.  Abstract + ( 1321 )   PDF ( 1022080KB )   ( 1013 ) In this paper,studies on tissue culture and grafting of vegetable motong in seedless watermelon are carried though. The results showed that different disinfectors have definite effectson bourgeonof watermelon embryo.In which,disinfectorof Chlorine Dioxide (250 mg/L)usedto treat watermelon embryo have advantages in germinationof watermelon embryo.The most ouitable mediumf or buds induetion from eotyledon of Citrulluslanatus was 1/2MS +IAA0.2 mg/L+sucrose 30g/L + agar 7g/L;Different consistencies of incretionhave also definite effects on multiplication of acervate buds ,and the succeedculture medium of MS +6-6-BA0.44 mg/L +IAA0.2 mg/L + sucrose 30g/L +agar 7g/L can obstain the most multiplicating rate;The result of studyon different consistencies of NAA in rooting of single bud showed that the culture medium of MS+NAA0.5 mg/L have th emost rooting rate(96. 2%).

  Effects of La on the photosynthetic capacity and antioxidant system in leaves of watermelon 2010, 26 (5):  193-196.  Abstract + ( 1172 )   PDF ( 1133494KB )   ( 1004 ) In order to support application of rare earth element La in watermelon production, grafted watermelon “Heifeicui” and “Jinshuai” on the foliage at straw period, incipient blooming period and fruit expansion period were sprayed with 0, 60,120,180 and 240 mg/L of La(NO3)3 solution, The activities of SOD,POD ,cell membrane permeability, photosynthesis rate and the content of chlorophyll, MDA in watermelon leaf were test. Results showed that the optimum concentration of La3+ could promote the growth of grafted watermelon. Compared to the control, the SOD activity ，the content of chlorophyll and photosynthesis rate in “Jinshuai” leaf were increased 12.65% ,33.00% and 4.10%; the activities of POD and MDA content decreased by 56.97% and 44.09%; the cell membrane permeability decreased by 35.41%. The physiological indicators in leaves of grafted watermelon “Heifeicui” showed the same tendency. The above analysis shows that the most suitable concentration of La(NO3)3 is 120 mg/L.

  The Contact of Handan Urban Green Space Landscape 2010, 26 (5):  197-200.  Abstract + ( 1012 )   PDF ( 1103918KB )   ( 902 ) Abstract: This article analyzes the contact of Handan green space landscape, generalizes the geographical environment connotation and the culture expression, points out the advantage and inferiority position. Finally, it proposes the opinion of advancing and integration to be useful with the urban green landscape heritage design.

  The primary study on the properties of substrate of mushroom dregs in different proportion and effects on jiangbing melon 2010, 26 (5):  201-204.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   PDF ( 1024059KB )   ( 1282 ) For it has not been researched and reported that apply mushroom dregs to vegetable seedlings raising, we matched mushrooms, perlite and slag according to different proportion to get different substrate, and compared its physical, chemical and nutrient properties which had been tested with ideal substrate properties; meanwhile, we sowed the seeds of jiangbing melon into the substrate contrasted with the substrate of raising tobacco seedlings with floating trays, and we tested the index and G score of jiangbing melon sowed in substrate dealt by different methods when the seedling age was 30 days. The result indicated that the substrate in a 6:1:1 (mushroom dregs: perlite: slag) ratio, no matter considering its physical, chemical and nutrient properties or healthy seedlings index and G score of jiangbing melon, is better than the substrate dealt by other different methods. So we can primarily determine the substrate based on this proportion we have tested could be the vicarious substrate for raising seedlings.

  Effects of induced by BR on resistance of seedling of tomato to chilling injury 2010, 26 (5):  205-208.  Abstract + ( 1077 )   PDF ( 1114100KB )   ( 1108 ) The seedlings of tomato at two or five leaves stage were treated with BR in this experiment,and the affects of low temperature stress on some physiological indexs were determined.The results showed that these BR solutions of different concentrations reduced the cell membrane permeability,restrained the MDA production,increased the content of solubility sugar ,proline and the vitality of root system,and improved the low temperature stress resistance ability.Comprehensive analysis of various physiological indexs showed that the treating of 5 leaves old tomatoes by 0.1mg/L BR can lower 32.7% to CK in chilling injury index，58.4% to CK in EC，and the content of MDA was just 25.5649nmol/g，the solubility sugar 137.27umol/g，the proline 542.3ug/g.And the vitality of root system had a stable change range which is 20.9%.

  Study of the rootstocks about Cymbidium faberi ’ chun he ding’ in Rapid Multiplication Techniques 2010, 26 (5):  209-212.  Abstract + ( 1192 )   PDF ( 1589011KB )   ( 888 ) Abstract: 【OBJECTIVE】Taking the rootstocks of Cymbidium goeringii as test pieces, Cymbidium faberi ’ chun he ding’ and common Cymbidium faberi were employ as parents, study on Multiplication and differentiation of rhizomes in vitro of Cymbidium goeringii. 【METHOD】 Four factors of medium ,6-BA and NAA、IBA were design to study the effects on differentiation of rhizome. 【RESULTS】 The result show that the growth rate was affected evidently by media,The 1/2 MS was used as basal medium,The optimal Multiplication Conditions For therootstocks were that 1/2MS +BA0.1 +NAA0.1, The best differentiation medium was1/2 MS+BA1.0+IBA1.0,Firstly using 1/2MS + BA1.0 + IBA1.0 and then using B5 + BA1.0 +IBA1.0 could gain a higher differentiation rate of the rootstocks to 76 Percentage. 【CONCLUSION】Rapid Multiplication Techniques were Cultivation Cymbidium faberi variety import technological means .

  Progress on the Research of Active Components in Antifungal Agricultural Antibiotics 2010, 26 (5):  213-218.  Abstract + ( 1132 )   PDF ( 1595724KB )   ( 1656 ) This paper reviewed the research progress and the importance of active components in antifungal agricultural antibiotics，especially those used extensively in agriculture, as well as discussed the developing prospects in future..

  Study on Biological Characteristics of Elasmus sp. a parasitoid of Tirathaba rufivena Walker GAN Bing-Chun 2010, 26 (5):  219-222.  Abstract + ( 1265 )   PDF ( 1215615KB )   ( 920 ) The Biological Characteristics of Elasmus sp. a parasitoid of Tirathaba rufivena Walker were observated in laboratory. The results showed that the adults emerged mainly in the evening, with the peak emergence of female and male adults at 1:00-3:00 and 23:00 -1:00 respectively. The sex ratio in laboratory populations (♀∶♂) was 1∶1.2. The female adults could mate and oviposite in 24 hours after emergence. The adult can reproduce in both ways of amphigony and parthenogenesis, the unmated females could only produce male progeny. Under 26±0.5℃ and 75±5%RH condition, the developmental duration of egg, larva and pupa were 0.9, 4.2 and 7.2d respectively. Feeding on honey water solution, the adult longevity could be prolonged. Key words：Tirathaba rufivena；Elasmus sp.；biological； developmental duration； longevity

  A investigation of alien invasive plants in Xi’an area 2010, 26 (5):  223-227.  Abstract + ( 1222 )   PDF ( 1139570KB )   ( 1025 ) Abstract: Through wide investigation and analysis for huge information and document, there are 68 species plants that can be considered for “Chinese important alien invasive and pernicious plants” in Xi’an area. These plants belong to 20 families. 14 are composite. 10 are leguminous plant.10 are grass.30 species of these plants originates from America. Others from Europe, Asia and Africa .Most of the 46 alien plants that had invaded this area are herb. And mainly field weeds. There is one species that is sorted in quarantine plant(darnel).The distribution, ecological environment, extent of injury of these alien invasive plants are studied. The main characters of local invasive plants are discussed. Proper prevention measure is proposed also.

  Induction of extracellular cell wall-degrading enzymes from Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense and their effect on degradation of banana tissue 2010, 26 (5):  228-231.  Abstract + ( 1072 )   PDF ( 1222579KB )   ( 1132 ) Five different carbon sources were used to study the induction of extracellular cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs) from Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense race4 (FOC-R4). The results showed that wheat bran and pectin can effectively induce cellulase (endo-1, 4-β-D-glucanase and β-D-glucosidase) and pectinase (polygalacturonase) from FOC-R4 respectively in vitro. It is indicated that both cellulase and pectinase can degrade pseudostem tissues of different cultivars of Musa spp., and the degradability of the latter was stronger than that of the former. After being treated for 24 hours with crude pectinase solution, reducing sugar content released by susceptible cultivars was about 1.82 folds of resistant ones, there were differences in sensitivity and resistance between resistant and susceptible cultivars to FOC-R4.

  Research on Harm to Broccoli Seedlings by Sugar Beet Noctuid and its Prevention and Killing Index 2010, 26 (5):  232-235.  Abstract + ( 1093 )   PDF ( 1217687KB )   ( 906 ) The changing population of beet noctuid was monitored on the broccoli farms from 2002 to 2008; the relation between larva quantity and Advanced age larva quantity was determined as well as the relation between Advanced age larva amount per plant and loss rate of damaged plants. The results indicated that the changes of beet noctuid population showed bimodal curve. Its peaks were from April to May and from August to November, which is consistent with the growing stages of broccoli plants on the fields. And there was a very notable linear correlation between Advanced age larva amount per plant during seedling period and loss rate of damaged plants. Its regression was Y=23.126X+1.5803 (n=17,r=0.8075**). Balanced and green prevention principle applied, the allowed economic loss was tested and the damage rate per plant was 3.09%（≈3%）. Then according to the model of relation between larva quantity and advanced age larva quantity, X=0.3204M+0.0378(n=17，r=0.8903**), it is suggested that the prevention and killing index for broccoli is 20 larvae per 100 plants.

  Acaricidal activity of extracts from Thymus mongolicus against Tetranychus cinnabarinus 2010, 26 (5):  236-238.  Abstract + ( 1276 )   PDF ( 1134276KB )   ( 855 ) The essential oils and its ethanol extract were prepared from Thymus mongolicus, and their contact toxicity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus were studied. The essential oil from T. mongolicus showed a strong contact toxicity with linear regress equation of Y=4.6691+1.4427 and LD50 of 3.95 mg/mL. Essential oil was extracted with hydrodistillation , and the contact toxicity of the essential oil against T. cinnabarinus was enhanced compared to ethanol extract with a relatively lower LD50 of 1.70 mg/mL. The contact LC50 value of essential oil and ethanol extract from T. mongolicus against T. cinnabarinus egg were 2.241 and 5.714 mg/mL, respectively. Key words: Thymus mongolicus; Tetranychus cinnabarinus; acaricidal activity

  The Efficiency of 5 Biological Pesticides against Nilaparvata lugens 2010, 26 (5):  239-241.  Abstract + ( 1123 )   PDF ( 1038275KB )   ( 1329 ) To understand the control effects of 5 biological insecticides against the younger nymphs of Nilaparvata lugens, the field trials were made in rice through field spray. The results showed that, 7 days after single spray respectively at a dosage of 3000 mL/hm2 and 1800 g/hm2, the control effects of veratridine 0.5% WP and Beauveria bassiana 4.0×1010 spores/g WP were better, i.e. 78.6% and 79.0% respectively, and the efficacy of the two biological insecticides was similar to that of buprofezin 25% WP at a dosage of 600 g/hm2, but these biological insecticides took effect more slower than chemical insecticides. When the two pesticides were mixed at a half dosage of the recommended dosage for spraying alone, the control efficacy of B. bassiana＋buprofezin was the best, i.e. 65.0% in 1 day and 87.6% in 7 days after treatment. Therefor B. bassiana and veratridine can substitute partly for chemical insecticides to control younger nymahs of N. lugens.

  Major insect pests and control strategies of Caragana spp. in west regions of China 2010, 26 (5):  242-244.  Abstract + ( 1025 )   PDF ( 1032646KB )   ( 1000 ) According to the eco-economic value of Caragana spp. and special geographical environment in west regions, the major insect pests and control strategies of Caragana spp. in west regions of China are briefly discussed， and the integrated management strategies should focus on the monitoring and early warning, and pollution-free control techniques, and based on the integrated management of insect pests. Change forest management models and breeding pest-resistant and drought-resistant species, select and apply high-effectively and low-toxic harmonious pesticides, develop biological technologies, and protect and apply native natural enemies, develop practical technologies of sex attractant and botanical attractant and so on. Finally, found the integrated management technologies system to control effectively the insect pests of Caragana spp..

  Historical invasion, expansion process and harm investigation of Pomacea canaliculate in China 2010, 26 (5):  245-250.  Abstract + ( 1420 )   PDF ( 536866KB )   ( 1682 ) Pomacea canaliculate is a global invasion aquatic animal and caused serious harm in some countries and regions. In the early 1980s Pomacea canaliculated was introduced to China, and then rapidly spread to southern provinces by cultivating. It has become the malignant aquatic animal of harm paddy and the other aquatic plant. In this paper, we investigated the history of Pomacea canaliculate introduction and spread, the invasion region and prevention situation in China based on literature research. The result indicated that the introduction and cultivation in aquaculture industry were the primary reason of invasion and spread of Pomacea canaliculate. Because of lack of scientific manage, Pomacea canaliculate has caused huge economic loss and destroyed the local ecosystem in most regions of southern China. This shows the weakness to manage the exotic species in our country, and it is very urgent to manage the invasive species.

  Effects of Microbe strains on quality of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco 2010, 26 (5):  251-253.  Abstract + ( 1200 )   PDF ( 880255KB )   ( 836 ) Abstract: The experiment was conducted to study effects of spraying different microbe strains by using randomized block design on quality of flue-cured K326, which is the major flue-cured tobacco variety in Fujian. The results indicated that YX21、YX12 can change the chemical components 0f tobacco, increase the contents of soluble sugar and decrease the contents of nicotine , And the smoking quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves treated was much better than the control.

  Study on the optimization of the autolytic conditions of Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Sing mycelium 2010, 26 (5):  254-256.  Abstract + ( 1173 )   PDF ( 1001610KB )   ( 1122 ) The phenomenon of autolysis is widespread among various kinds of microbes. However, there is hitherto no report on the autolysis of Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Sing. Liquid fermentation method was applied to culture the Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Sing mycelia and the effects of temperature, pH, osmotic pressure and oxygen supply on the autolysis of Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Sing mycelium were examined. The results indicated that the optimal conditions for the mycelium autolysis were 40℃, pH 9.0, 3-4%NaCl and anaerobic fermentation. This study provides the basis on which the further investigation of the Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Sing mycelium autolysis mechanism can be conducted.

  Kinetic characteristics of cadmium uptake by different tobacco cultivars 2010, 26 (5):  257-261.  Abstract + ( 1128 )   PDF ( 1058095KB )   ( 1087 ) Water cultures were carried out to investigate the kinetic characteristics of cadmium uptake by different tobacco cultivars and the effects of low temperature and metabolic inhibitor on cadmium uptake by tobacco seedlings. The results showed that the kinetic characteristics of cadmium uptake by different tobacco cultivars could be described by I=Imax?C/(Km+C). The Imax of cadmium uptake followed the order of Yunyan 85>G80,Guiyan 11>Xanthi,CF965 and RG17，the Km followed the order of Xanthi> Yunyan 85> G80> Guiyan 11,RG17 and CF965,while ?, which is the ratio of Imax to Km and showed the uptake ability of mineral elements, followed the order of Guiyan 11? Yunyan 85＞CF965＞G80＞RG17＞Xanthi. Low temperature significantly decreased cadmium uptake by all tobacco cultivars tested. Cadmium uptake decreased by more than 50% for G80, Xanthi and CF965, respectively, and decreased by 24%～44% for RG17 and Yunyan 85 at 2℃. Cadmium uptake by Guiyan 11 decreased by was inhibited by 55% at solution cadmium of 0.02mmolCd?L-1, and by 34% at solution cadmium of 0.22 mmolCd?L-1 when the metabolic inhibitor, 2,4-DNP, was supplied in the solution. The results implied that the active absorption dominated the process of cadmium uptake by G80, Xanthi and CF965, while passive absorption dominated in the process of cadmium uptake by the tobacco cultivars RG17 and Yunyan 85. For Guiyan 11, the cadmium uptake was dominated by the active absorption process at low cadmium concentration in solution, while as dominated by the passive absorption process at high cadmium concentration in solution.

  Antibacterial and antifungal activity of endophytic fungi from Tripterygiun wilfordii Hook 2010, 26 (5):  262-266.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   PDF ( 918727KB )   ( 1050 ) Antifungal and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi of Tripterygiun wilfordii Hook was investigated based on the isolation of strains. The results indicated that 22 different morphotype strains were obtained from the roots, stalks and leaves. Endophytic fungi lived widely in the body of T. wilfordii. The strains isolated from stalk were more than those from roots and leaves. Most of strains isolated were found to have some antibacterial or antifungal activity. The extract from mycelia showed the more significant inhibition activity than that of the fermentation broth. The endophytic fungi exhibited a greater inhibition on pathogenic fungi in comparison with pathogenic bacteria.

  Seasonal Changes of surface water in Minjiang River 2010, 26 (5):  267-271.  Abstract + ( 1281 )   PDF ( 1028233KB )   ( 1070 ) Based on monitoring data of pollutants in different seasons of the 11 spots in Minjiang River from 2007 to 2008, this paper preliminarily studied the seasonal changes of surface water. The results showed indicators of organic pollution of surface water varied with the season. The concentration of COD in July and November were highest through the year, and ranged from 5.0 mg.L-1to 28.0 mg.L-1during this year. The concentration of NH+4-N in January and March were highest, and ranged from 0.18 mg.L-1to 2.97 mg.L-1 during the year. The concentration of TN and the concentration of NO-2-N in November were highest. The concentrations of TN ranged from 0.81 mg.L-1 to 3.23 mg.L-1 and the concentrations of NO-2-N ranged from 0.01 mg.L-1 to 0.15mg.L-1. The concentrations of TP were highest in January and November. But the concentration of COD, NH+4-N and NO-2-N in September were lowest. Moreover, there are the very significant positive correlation Between COD ， NH+4-N ，NO-2-N and TN, NH+4-N and TP. Generally, Minjiang water was easily polluted in winter and spring, followed in autumn.

  Influence of nitrogen sources on uptake , accumulation in Elsholtzia splendens 2010, 26 (5):  272-275.  Abstract + ( 1224 )   PDF ( 947942KB )   ( 971 ) In order to understand the effect of the different nitrogen sources on Cu uptake, accumulation and growth of Elsholtzia splendens, nutrient solution culture experiment was conducted to compare two nitrogen sources (NH4NO3 and (NH4)2SO4) on growth of E.splendens at three different Cu levels (Control, 50, and 200 uM). The result showed that the influence of two nitrogen sources on shoot and root growth of E.splendens decreased in the order: NH4NO3>(NH4)2SO4. In particular, root dry matter yields of E.splendens increased especially by two nitrogen sources treatment even at high Cu (200 ?mol/L), but increased levels of NH4NO3 than (NH4)2SO4 treatment. Moreover, nitrogen sources had different effects on Cu uptake and accumulation by E.splendens, Plants grown with NH4NO3 treatment had significantly higher Cu accumulation in the shoots and roots as compared with (NH4)2SO4 treatment. Two kinds of nitrogen suppy, along with raising the level of Cu, the Cu content of E.splendens increase, but the root of the Cu content is much higher than the shoot of the content. Whatever the level of Cu, the Cu content in root /shoot ratio (R/S) were NH4NO3>(NH4)2SO4.

  Wildlife Tending of Endangered Herbal Plant Dysosina versipellis 2010, 26 (5):  276-278.  Abstract + ( 1145 )   PDF ( 993416KB )   ( 1042 ) Abstract:【OBJECTIVE】 To provide material and scientific evidence for the sustainable exploitation of Dysosina versipellis. 【METHOD】 Artificial pollination and resowing was carried out for Dysosina versipellis. 【RESULT】 Through artificial pollination, the flower ripening rates in Miaobashirenshan, Songfengduiwoshan and Huaipinshan increased from 8.1 %, 5.0%, and2.5% respectively to 73.4%, 91.6% and 30.0% respectively; With artificial resowing of cultivated Dysosina versipellis, cultivated seedlings,cultivated tissue culture seedling and tissue culture seedling, the survival rates were 96.7 %, 93. 3%, 50.0%and15.0% respectively. After one year,the roots weight increased 80.0%,86.2%,103% and 120%. 【CONCLUSION 】Artificial pollination markedly increases the ripening rate of Dysosina versipellis, and artificial resowing increases the number of species group and the number of species within the species groups.

  Accumulation and Distribution of Mineral Nutrition in the rootstock and scion of Hevea Brasiliensis under Sand culture 2010, 26 (5):  279-286.  Abstract + ( 1056 )   PDF ( 1147922KB )   ( 856 ) A study on the accumulation and distribution of mineral nutrients in the rootstock and scion of Heave Brasilliesis under sand culture. The results are as follows: (1) the contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg were increased in varying degrees under sand culture, but in the absence of exogenous nutrients, the increment of N, P, K, Mg contents decreased and the growth of rubber seedlings was influenced. (2) the capability of utilization for exogenous mineral nutrients varies due to different growth stages, N, and Ca start to be utilized in the second leaf-whorle stage, K, Mg in the first leaf-whorle stage and the utilization rate of P element was very few at that time. (3) the content level and distribution of mineral nutrients in the different parts and positions of rootstock and scion have a significant differences. More nutrients were accumulated in phloem, while Mg is mainly distributed in the upper xylem, P mainly distributed in the lower phloem.

  Cloning and Characterization of Jasmonic Acid-Induced AP2/EREBP Genes in Laticifer from Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) 2010, 26 (5):  287-293.  Abstract + ( 1160 )   PDF ( 1597154KB )   ( 982 ) Abstract: Jasmonic acid (JA) can significantly induce the laticifer differentiation of rubber tree(Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.). However, little is known about the molecular mechanism during jasmonic-induced laticifer differentiation. In previous study, we obtained 4 ESTs of AP2/EREBP transcription factor genes by scanning differentially expressed genes from a forward suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA library of barks, which were stimulated by JA at laticifer differentiation stage. In this study, we isolated these 4 cDNAs with complete open reading frames (ORFs) encoding AP2/EREBP proteins using RACE technique from barks of rubber tree. Amino acid structures analysis indicated that three of them belonged to ERF subgroups, and the remained one was RAV subgroups member. Expression analysis revealed that these 4 genes were all induced by JA in barks during JA-induced laticifer differentiation, and they were all strongly up-regulated and then decreased along with the treatment with JA. These results indicate that AP2/EREBP genes of rubber tree might be involved in JA-induced laticifer differentiation.

  Effect of Chitosan on the Membrane Lipids Peroxidation of Papaya Fruits 2010, 26 (5):  294-298.  Abstract + ( 1181 )   PDF ( 987517KB )   ( 955 ) In this experiment, the effect of chitosan(CTS) on the membrane lipids peroxidation of papaya fruits(CV. Malaya 6﹟) was studied, which were stored in artificial bioclimatic chamber under room temperature 25±2℃ after dip coating with different contents of CTS. The results indicated that proper content of CTS could reduce the activity growth of Lipoxygenase(LOX), slow down the production rate of superoxide anion(O2-), enhance the activity of Superoxide Dismutase(SOD) and Peroxydase(POD), decrease the content of malonaldehyde(MDA), thus keep higher firmness of papaya fruits during the storage. So it can be drawn a conclusion that CTS has effect on alleviating the peroxidation degree of membrane lipids, defering the store maturity time of papaya fruit. The best content of CTS is 1.25%.

  Differential Analysis of 2-DE Profiles and Preliminary Identification of Lutoids Proteins from TPD Tree in Hevea brisiliensis 2010, 26 (5):  304-308.  Abstract + ( 1271 )   PDF ( 1050844KB )   ( 1093 ) Tapping panel dryness (TPD) is one of the most serious threats to natural rubber production. It exists in almost every rubber plantation country and causes serious damage to natural rubber production. It is well known that elucidation of molecular mechanism of TPD is prerequisite for taking effective measures to prevent TPD. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of TPD, the expression profiles of lutoids proteins from TPD and healthy rubber trees was analyzed by 2-DE method and PDQuest7.40 software. After digesting peptides differentially expressed with enzymes, the peptide mass fingerprints were obtained with MALDI-TOF-MS, and then identified by searching SWISS-PROT and NCBI nr database. In this research, a total of 13 peptides differentially expressed were identified. Compared with the expression patterns from healthy tree, 11 and 2 proteins were upregulated and downregulated in TPD tree, respectively. These proteins might play important roles in TPD process.

  Development status and Analysis of HACCP information 2010, 26 (5):  309-313.  Abstract + ( 1491 )   PDF ( 997698KB )   ( 1060 ) HACCP information is the outcome of combining HACCP system and information technology, including basic information database, assistant decision model, information exchanging platform, HACCP management and control system and so on. It has great significance in ensuring food safety, simplifying the implementation of HACCP system and improving the effectiveness of HACCP certification. In this paper, domestic and international development situation of HACCP information were studied. It analyzed the necessity and problems in HACCP information work and gave some development suggestions for HACCP information construction in China. China needs to learn from successful experiences at home and abroad to explore our own HACCP information road. Based on current foundation, we should promote HACCP information construction and further ensure food safety.

  Study and Development on the information system of soil and crop fertilizer applied in Taizhou suburb 2010, 26 (5):  314-317.  Abstract + ( 1153 )   PDF ( 1462295KB )   ( 912 ) Abstract: By the agricultural information technology and methods, the information system V1.0 of soil and crop fertilizer applied in Taizhou suburb based on Visual Basic 6.0 and MapObjects 2.3 were developed. The system had such characteristics as whole function, abundant contents, high map productivity, friendly interface, feasible operation and so on. The system was integrated with many functions such as query and search, spatial analysis, precise N application decision-making, study and tutor and so on. It had also such functions as dependability, feasible use and extension and so on, which provided an assistant decision-making and a study roof for extending the soil management and precision fertilizer technology.

  Zigbee-based Monitoring System for Cold chain 2010, 26 (5):  318-321.  Abstract + ( 1243 )   PDF ( 961067KB )   ( 1262 ) Abstract: Aimed at need of Real-time monitoring for the entire process of cold chain, wireless sensor network node with characteristics of wiring easy, low cost, low power consumption based on ZigBee technology was established. It can be effectively implemented online collection and real-time monitoring for environmental information in logistics. The node is proposedusing Zigbee W ireless micro—controller JN5139-Z01-M02R1 as its core ，which is produced by Jennic Company and SHT75 as its sensors,which is produced by SENSIRON.The result of practical application demonstrates that the system is feasible and reliable.

  Research progress on germplasm resource and protection of Exopalaemon modestus 2010, 26 (5):  326-331.  Abstract + ( 1186 )   PDF ( 913635KB )   ( 1156 ) Oriental freshwater shrimp Exopalaemon modestus which is called white shrimp by the people is the most important commercial species, and it is very popular with the peoples in China. With the economic development and population increase, the white shrimp which has a shorter life cycle is becoming smaller because of the pressure of the external environment, and its germplasm resources have degenerated in a certain degree. With regard to its biology, genetics and other sectors has got a lot of accomplishments, but there have not uninterrupted research, and lack of systemic research. The protection policy and measure are inadequate for protect the germplasm resources of the white shrimp, while the government and the society have not attach the importance of the study for breeding and culture the white shrimp, the research state on these two sector are very slow. This paper summarize the utilization and status of existing studies of white shrimp from basic biology, genetics and other aspects, and proposed some protection strategies, thus for reference of protect and utilization the germplasm resources of whit shrimp legitimately.

  Reclaimed Water Farming Fish Heavy Metal Residues and Edible Risk Assessment 2010, 26 (5):  332-336.  Abstract + ( 1052 )   PDF ( 1017871KB )   ( 1220 ) With the increasing popularity of reclamation waste water, the edible risk of fish associated with reclamed water become the focus. We analysised the heavy metals and pesticide within the fish bred in reclaimed water, the results were lower than the contents limit proposed by the State Food Safe Provision.The content of Hg of fish in the reclaimed water was 4～9 times compared with the pond fish. With risk assessment technique, it showed ＜2.20×10-6. The total risk of five kinds of heavy metals intake surpassed the acceptable level.

  Comparison on preservation of grass carp with different chitosan coatings 2010, 26 (5):  337-340.  Abstract + ( 1353 )   PDF ( 897640KB )   ( 1131 ) The effects of chitosan coating on preservation of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) fillet were studied in this experiment. Four chitosan based film were designed, treatment 1 (1.5% chitosan), treatment 2 (1.5% chitosan + onion ethanol extract), treatment 3 (1.5% chitosan + ginger ethanol extract), and treatment 4 (1.5% chitosan + garlic ethanol extract), taking distilled water as the control group. Fish fillet were dipped into the solution described above for 5 minute, and then stored in a refrigerator maintained at 8℃. Sensory evaluation, total bacterial counts, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and pH of the fillet were determined at 0, 3, 6 day of the experiment. Sensory evaluation of all treatment groups were higher than that of the control group, but their bacterial counts, TVB-N and pH were all lower than those of the control group. Sensory evaluations of treatment 2 and 4 were higher than that of treatment 1, and their bacterial counts, TVB-N and pH were all lower than those of the treatment 1. Those results indicate that chitosan coating can inhabit the microbical growth and protein decomposition, and has a good ability to maintain the quality of fish fillet during storage; the extractions of onion and garlic have the antimicrobial ability and can increase the effectiveness of chitosan film in fresh-keeping

  Present situation of ethanol production from sweet sorghum stalk in China 2010, 26 (5):  341-345.  Abstract + ( 1340 )   PDF ( 808632KB )   ( 1427 ) Key technologies and main research contents of ethanol production from sweet sorghum stalk are introduced. More specifically, current researches including the breeding and cultivation of sweet sorghum, stalk storage, ethanol fermentation and integrated utilization of fermentation byproducts are investigated. In addition, the possible bottle necks of ethanol production from sweet sorghum stalk including raw material supply, fermentation and byproduct utilization are analyzed. Finally, development strategy is proposed.

  Study of Professional Town Technology Innovation Platform Construction Based on Public Good Theory——take Fujian for example 2010, 26 (5):  346-350.  Abstract + ( 1274 )   PDF ( 856673KB )   ( 918 ) Professional town technology innovation platform has the property of pre-public good. It prones to emerge low efficiency questions, such as free-riding and inadequate inputs in the construction and operation process. And it would make a direct impact on the innovation platform construction, development and functions. This article views from the perspective of public goods and take Fujian for example. Then it reaches the conclusion based on deep analysis of construction principles, approaches and problems. Finally, it proposes recommendations to promote professional town technology innovation platform construction.

  Rural Credit Guarantee Schemes and Experience of Four Transitional Economic Countries in Central and Eastern Europe 2010, 26 (5):  351-355.  Abstract + ( 1190 )   PDF ( 830842KB )   ( 805 ) Abstract:In the rural credit market a lot of farmers and rural small and medium-sized enterprises without credit guarantee condition of rural financial institution are not granted loan due to low rural marketization, high-risk and low-income and shortage of loan collateral. In order to alleviate the distress of difficulties of rural loan, many transitional economic countries in Central and Eastern Europe set up the credit guarantee system which serves for famers and rural economic development. Currently, China is active to build rural credit guarantee system. This study analyses in detail the operating model of rural credit guarantee fund and schemes of four countries in Central and Eastern Europe, and summarizes the methods and experiences from which China would learn.

  Strategies and Measures on Boosting Agricultural Industrialization Dependent on Science and Technology Innovation—V. Important Task on Post-earthquake Agricultural Recovery and Reconstruction 2010, 26 (5):  356-359.  Abstract + ( 980 )   PDF ( 862903KB )   ( 934 )

  the vision of Rule-of-law Culture Cultivation under the New Rural Construction 2010, 26 (5):  360-362.  Abstract + ( 949 )   PDF ( 783829KB )   ( 906 ) Rule-of-law culture is a progressive culture pattern,which includes the basic thoughts of law superiority, standard of right, the practical requirements of freedom, equality, democracy and power restraint. Nurturing rule-of-law culture with the fundamental, strategic importance is the most fundamental and crucial in Building Harmonious New Countryside. Government should play a leading role in nurturing rule-of-law culture of Harmonious New Countryside.