Current issue

• 2010 Vol.26 No.13 Published:05 July 2010

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  The Analysis on the Vector of Labor Intensity Factor for the Sericulture Operation in Rural Wang Daigang 2010, 26 (13):  1-5.  Abstract + ( 1224 )   PDF ( 550377KB )   ( 918 ) For sericulture operation in rural, It is analyzed by character of labor intensity vector frame, density component, interaction relations and so on, with factor resolve method of vector. Research deem: it is effective method of reduce labor intensity for sericulture operation, with adjust labor intensity vector substance, reduce labor intensity density component, simplify interaction effect of more kind production and so on. Pass through some measures comprehensive reduce labor intensity for sericulture operation, with survey structure change of labor force in rural, estimate labor intensity of new sericulture technology, reduce physiological stress of sericulture worker, enhance psychology endure capacity of middle and old age worker.

  Study on the abstraction and antibacterial activity of swine neutrophil in vitro 2010, 26 (13):  6-9.  Abstract + ( 1259 )   PDF ( 510310KB )   ( 1019 ) The antibacterial peptide has the broad spectrum antibacterial activity which in the organism to induce and express the micromolecule peptides. These peptides are the organism non-specific immunological response products, and they are the important ingredient in the immunity system of organism.At present the research of swine antibacterial peptides mainly to aim directly at swine intestine and blood in domestic. In domestic they also mainly have progressed the reseach about swine intestine, Although the study on the abstraction and antibacterial activity of swine blood has been few reported, in domestic has not actually seen the report about it.because of among the swine blood the white blood cell excute archfunction in the immunity system,at the same time the neutrophile granulocyte have approximately composes 70% of the quantity in white blood cell, and it is reasonable that abstract swine antibacterial peptide from blood. So the experiment abstract micromolecule peptides in neutrophil of fresh swine blood, according the active characteristic of micromolecule peptides to abstracte and identificate the antibacterial peptides. Meanwhile through grading-up extraction artwork, elevating yield and content of antibacterial peptides.

  Prokaryotic Expression and Identification of the Transpeptidase Domain of PBP2a of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus 2010, 26 (13):  10-13.  Abstract + ( 1407 )   PDF ( 629408KB )   ( 1042 ) The mecA fragment which encodes the transpeptidase domain of penicillin binding protein 2a(PBP2a)of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),to express and identificated the transpeptidase domain of PBP2a by western blot. The mecA fragment which encodes the transpeptidase domain of PBP2a was amplified from the genomic DNA of MRSA by PCR, and then the objective gene fragment was cloned into pGEX-6p-1 plasmid. The recombinant plasmid pGEX-6p-1-TPase was transformed into BL21.The expression was induced by IPTG and the expressed product was identificated by western blot.The results indicated that the corresponding prokaryotic expression vector was successfully constructed, and the transpeptidase domain of PBP2a was successfully expressed, which established the foundation for further investigation.

  Preparation and Application of Hyper Immunized Serum of Haemophilus parasuis Xu Yindi, Wang Zhifang, Zhu Wenhao, Jiao Haiyan, Liang Yue, Guo Chengliu 2010, 26 (13):  14-16.  Abstract + ( 1244 )   PDF ( 636167KB )   ( 1377 ) The standard sera Haemophilus parasuis(Hps) , which were isolated and identified by Dr. Cai Xue-wang of Huazhong Agricultural University, were cultured, killed and immuned rabbits twice. The rabbits were challenged by ear vein injection and blood from heart. The antibody titers were detected by Gel Diffusion (GD) test. The rabbits were blood by jugular vein if the titers were more than 1:8. The serum were separated and used to detected the serotype of Hps which were isolated from Henan pig farms by the lab with GD method. There are 12 strains serovar 4, 9 strains serovar 5, 6 strains 13, 2 strains serovar 14 and 1 strains serovar 2, and no other serovar among 33 isolates. The results showed that serovar 4, 5, 13 were the major prevalent serotype in Henan.

  Growth model and correlation analysis between body size and body weight of Huainan partridge duck Li Jianzhu, Tang Xuefeng, Zhao Yunhuan, Zhao Pin 2010, 26 (13):  17-19.  Abstract + ( 1376 )   PDF ( 444115KB )   ( 1130 ) Average week bodyweight of Huainan partridge duck from 0 week-old to 9 week-old were fitted with Gompertz model，Richards model and Logistic model. The results showed that Gompertz model was the best model and the index of fitness was0.99, the inflection age of growth was 5.29 weeks，and bodyweight at inflection age was 1071.81g, the largest weight gain per day. was 35.73g , the growth model: Y=2913.49×exp(-exp(1.23-0.23x)). The body weight was significantly positively (p＜0.01) related to the body slope length, heart girth, shank length. The regression equation was set up to estimate the body weight of Huinan partridge duck by the body slope length, heart girth, and shank length and the equation wasY=0.067Ｘ1＋0.046Ｘ2＋0.061Ｘ3－1.005.

  Pig Farming in Large Scale and Environmental Conservation: Dilemma and Choice Tan Ying, Li Dasheng 2010, 26 (13):  20-22.  Abstract + ( 1077 )   PDF ( 450153KB )   ( 1184 ) Pig farming in large scale is the main way in nowadays and in future. It will increase the pig output and decrease the price; however it will bring the environmental pollution and contamination. It learns from the America’s experience and lessons in the pig farming in large scale of American. It proposes that it ’s important to purification soil, air and water in the process of pig farming. It is a keystone to use excrement in cycle and bioremediation. It also puts forward that it should control the pig scale and cost exteriorizations

  Studies on Transformation of Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) into Tomato 2010, 26 (13):  23-29.  Abstract + ( 1212 )   PDF ( 1605728KB )   ( 1100 ) The aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) was studied as target gene in this study, and the plant expression vector pBI-ALDH has been constructed.Tomato 03HN31 Cotyledon was transformed by A.rhizogenes R1000. We detected the transformed plants by multiple molecular biology methods (PCR, outhern blot and RT-PCR) and resistance-correlated physiological indices (relative electric conductivity and malondialdehyde content). Results showed that the ALDH gene had been integrated into the genome of tomato and expressed at transcriptional level. Moreover, the relative electronic conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content showed different between transformed tomato plants and controls under stresses of drought, high-salt and hypothermia etc, which indicated that the damage of transformed plants plasma membrane was decreased the antioxidant capacity was increased under stress. The transformation ratio is 10.78%.

  Cloning and Preliminary Functional Analysis of GbGAI1 Gene which Enconding DELLA Protein from Gossypium barbadense. L Qu Tingyun1, Wang Shuansuo2, Peng Ming1,3, Cui Baiming1, Zheng Yinying1 2010, 26 (13):  30-35.  Abstract + ( 1456 )   PDF ( 1384708KB )   ( 1139 ) Gibberllins(GAs) plays important roles in cotton fiber development .DELLA proteins, a negative regulator in the signaling pathway of GAs. The gene GbGAI enconding the DELLA protein in Gossypium hirsutum L, was isolated and cloned . The typical domains of DELLA proteins were also found in the GbGAI proteins .over-express lines of GbGAI were got by dipping the 35S:GbGAI vector into the wild type Arabidopsis Columbia, and these lines showed phynotypes such like late flowering ,severely dwarf et al. Which exactly were same to the GAs deficient or insensitive mutant.

  Study on the characteristics in the embryonic development of hawthorn resources with the different ploidy Tan Yinyin, Dong Wenxuan, Wang Yuxia, Zhao Xiaodong, Chen Wei 2010, 26 (13):  36-40.  Abstract + ( 1187 )   PDF ( 827980KB )   ( 929 ) In this experiment, with the material of the diploid hawthorn resources of Shandong Hong Mian Zha and the triploid resources of Mo Pan Shan Zha in full fruit period, the change of kernel rate was surveyed by regular observation, and the embryonic development process and characteristics were studied using paraffin method. It was found that in the condition of opening pollination, the kernel rates of both resources appeared in downtrend. The kernel rate of Mo Pan Shan Zha was significantly lower than the kernel rate of Shandong Hong Mian Zha, and especially during 25 days to 40 days after anthesis, the kernel rate declined rapidly and finally reached to 9.8% only. The final kernel rate of Shandong Hong Mian Zha reached to 58.3%. The ovule of two accessions of the hawthorn resources grew in the anatropous way. Their embryo sac matured before the flowering phase, and the developmental type of the embryo sac was Polygonum type. Hawthorn endosperm was the one of nuclear type. The manner of their embryonic development was Chenopodiad type. The zygote divided at about 8 days after the blossom, and the globular embryo, which still located near the micropyle end, was formed one month after the flowering stage. Some proembryos of Mo Pan Shan Zha were virgulate which were different from Shandong Hong Mian Zha.

  Study on Genetic Diverity of Cauliflower Germplasm Resources by RAPD Analysis Chen Yang1, Zhou Xianzhi1, Chen Sheng1, Wu Yufen1, Zhao Yijie2 2010, 26 (13):  41-46.  Abstract + ( 1153 )   PDF ( 873590KB )   ( 894 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was applied to elucidate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of 37 cauliflower cultivars. 【RESULTS】There were 6random primers were selected from 80 random primers, six primers obtained 38 bands, of which 13 bands were polymorphic and accounted for 34.2% of the total bands. RAPD cluster analysis with primer S17 showed that 37 germplasm materials of cauliflower cultivars were separated into 4 groups, when genetic distance was 0.41. 【CONCLUSION】The genetic diversity of the cauliflower cultivars inconsistent with their geographical origins and growth period.

  Alfalfa Establishment of in Vitro Regeneration System of Zhaodong Alfalfa and Pleven6 Ma Xiaochun1, Zhang Yuexue2, Zhang Hailing2, Shang Chen2, Li Jikai2, Xu Xianglin 2010, 26 (13):  47-52.  Abstract + ( 1519 )   PDF ( 629679KB )   ( 1136 ) The cotyledons and hypocotyls explants from Zhaodong alfalfa and Pleven6 alfalfa ，the establishment of in vitro regeneration system. The results are as follows : the best callus induction medium of Zhaodong alfalfa was MS +2 .0mg/L2,4-D +0.5 mg / LKT +3% sucrose and of Pleven6 was MS +1.5 mg/L2,4-D +0.5 mg / LKT +3% sucrose; Differentiation medium: MS +2.0 mg/L6-BA +0.5 mg / LNAA +3% sucrose; Differentiation subculture medium: MS +0.3 mg/L6-BA +0.1 mg / LNAA +0.3 mg / LKT +3% sucrose; Induced rooting medium: 1/2MS +0.5 mg / LNAA +1.5% sucrose. At the same level of the experiment, induction rate and differentiation rate of Zhaodong alfalfa was significantly higher than pleven6 alfalfa, and both cotyledons used shorter differentiation time and higher differentiation rate than hypocotyls.

  Production of Taxol and Taxanes by Cell Engineering Gao Mingbo1,2, Li Xingtai2, Ruan Chengjiang1,2, Fan Shengdi1 2010, 26 (13):  53-57.  Abstract + ( 1190 )   PDF ( 643519KB )   ( 1437 ) Taxol is an important anticancer drug and taxanes are metabolic precursors or branch metabolites of taxol with special physiological activity. Pharmaceutical source is the main problem that restrict their application. Cell engineering is a potential technique to produce taxol and taxanes , being environment friendly, easy to control, in accordance with the strategy of sustainable development. Production of Taxol and taxanes in cell culture is reviewed and some advice is given to solve problems in the research.

  The study on the method for isolating mitochondrial DNA from the carrot leaf Zhang Zhi1,2, Wang Yongqin2, Guan Xuanli1,2, Li Meilan1, Hou Leiping1, Liang Yi2 2010, 26 (13):  58-62.  Abstract + ( 1491 )   PDF ( 706549KB )   ( 1250 ) In this experiment, high-salt differential centrifugation and differential centrifugation of sucrose sedimentating were used to extract mitochondrial DNA from carrot leaves. No nuclear DNA-contamined mitochondrial DNA was obtained by adding DNase Ⅰ and changing the force of centrifuging and sedimentating of mitochondrial. To crack mitochondria, SDS and proteinase K were used. Pure mitochondrial DNA was successfully obtained by phenol / chloroform / isoamyl alcohol extraction to remove protein, and digestion with RNase A.Chloroplast-specific primers were designed to detect mitochondrial DNA purity. The results showed that using the optimized method of differential centrifugation of sucrose sedimentating extracting carrot mitochondrial DNA not only operate simpler but also obtain mitochondrial DNA with higher purity and higher yield(34.46 μg mitochondrial DNA per gram of leaf ).

  Effect of Nitrogen Ion Beam Implantation on Rice and Change of Activity of Antioxidant Enzyme and Malondialdehyde Content in Mutant Wang Guangyuan1, Wu Haihua2, Li Guangxin1, Yu Xiaohui1, Mei Qing1 2010, 26 (13):  63-66.  Abstract + ( 1270 )   PDF ( 524524KB )   ( 1106 ) Abstract: A new rice variety, Jindao 10 named 990162 originally, was bred by method of nitrogen ion beam implantation. The activity of antioxidant enzyme and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured in organs of root, stalk and leaf, and in developmental stages of tillering and elongation to compare the antioxidant capacities of two rice cultivars, 990162 and Nihonbare. The results showed that the activity of antioxidant enzyme and MDA content had no significant differences between the two rice cultivars, and also no significant differences between the two developmental stages in same organ of any one cultivar. However, significant differences were found among the three organs. In tillering stage, SOD activities in leaves were 2.0- and 1.8-fold higher than that in roots in 990162 and in Nihonbare, respectively; CAT activities in leaves were 2.2- and 2.3-fold higher than that in roots in 990162 and in Nihonbare, respectively. In elongation stage, CAT activities in leaves were 2.2- and 1.8-fold higher than that in roots and in stems in 990162, and were 1.9- and 1.8-fold higher than that in roots and in stems in Nihonbare, respectively; MDA contents in leaves were 1.4-times higher than that in roots in 990162. These results indicated that the antioxidant abilities of the two rice cultivars were similar and the antioxidant capacity of leaf was the strongest.

  An activity-screening method for transformants containing accurate xylanase gene Liu Liangwei, Li Yunfeng, Guo Xiaodan 2010, 26 (13):  67-70.  Abstract + ( 1072 )   PDF ( 690825KB )   ( 999 ) In enzyme engineering, screening for transformant containing accurate gene is labor-intensive and time-consuming. In this study, xylanase gene was cloned into pET20b to transform E. coli strain BL21(DE3) competent cells. 10 transformants were inoculated in 0.5ml LB for culturing overnight, 9.5ml LB was added and cultured for 2.5h. After induction for 5h, cells were harvested and lyzed by freezing-thawing procedure in a simplified lysis buffer. 7 transformants were regarded as positive for having activities closer to or higher than that of the positive control, thereafter, plasmid DNA was sequenced to confirm gene’s accuracy. Different from previous method screening transformant for gene, the present method screened transformant for enzyme activity, called activity-screening method. The preliminarily assayed activities were compared for finding out transformant having high activity. The procedure lasted for 2~3 days, having characteristic of high-throughput for assaying transformant’s enzyme activity in parallel.

  Advances in conversed non-coding sequences within genomes Xu Ying1, Hu Lizong2, Li Jilin1, Zhang Yanming1 2010, 26 (13):  71-74.  Abstract + ( 1277 )   PDF ( 458785KB )   ( 1661 ) Abstract: With the achievement of many model organism genome sequencing project and accumulation of a large number of sequences, genome functional annotation，especially for conserved non-coding sequences(CNSs), has become a great challenge confronted to us. Conserved non-coding sequences may regulate gene expression via a direct or indirect interaction of transcription factors or specific proteins. CNSs, known as a phylogenetic foot-printing, have been extensively studied and concerned. Consequently, CNSs would become a next and new hotspot of genome researches. The overview, main features and research strategies of conserved non-coding sequences was summarized based on the process of knowing CNSs. The molecular mechanism of the formation and function of CNSs were described in detail. Finally, the theoretical and applied roles of CNSs in biological researches were further prospected.

  Advances on Plants’ Nitrogen Assimilation and Utilization Wu Wei, Zhao Jun 2010, 26 (13):  75-78.  Abstract + ( 1906 )   PDF ( 535260KB )   ( 3104 ) Abstract：The paper has made detailed summarization of the nitrogen utilization of plants from the the following three parts: the effect of nitrogen on plants growth and development, the physiological and molecular mechanism of the nitrogen utilization in order to provide theotetic guidence for the crop nutritional breeding and improve its nitrogen utilization efficiency.

  Biblio-metrology analysis of food safety Zhou Pengju, Lu Wenru 2010, 26 (13):  79-89.  Abstract + ( 1187 )   PDF ( 681720KB )   ( 1043 ) For real-time understanding of the present status and forward trends of domestic and international food safety research and maintaining technological competitiveness, this paper conducts the biblio-metrology research about literature relating to food safety in Web of Science Citation Database of ISI Web of Knowledge, analysing the present status of international and domestic research with comparative studies, and comes to two conclusions: first, the number of global food safety papers in recent years has consistently been in the continued growth momentum, the momentum will continue in the future, this trend of China is the same as the world’s ; second, the research of China's food safety is still far behind the advanced level, mainly reflected in the total number of papers have been cited and the number of each paper has been cited.

  Studies on The Elution of Catechin in a Fixed Bed Packed With Macroporous Resin ADS-8 Based on BP Neural Network Xiao Liandong, Li Huixing, Zang Jin, Xu Bin 2010, 26 (13):  90-93.  Abstract + ( 1322 )   PDF ( 635272KB )   ( 943 ) Abstract：Catechin from Xinyang tea extracts was as raw material. The experiments were carried out to study the elution of catechin in a fixed bed packed with macroporous resin ADS-8. The BP neural network was used to simulate the process of elution. The factors were predicted and analysed by the model which based on BP neural network . The optimal conditions were temperature 20℃, flow rate 1.0mL/min，ethanol concentration 30%. Error of the modle was 0.00108523 and the correlation coefficient of experimental data and simulated data was 0.984. The model based on BP neural network was feasible.

  The content of amino acid in the poultry meat and its nutritive evaluation Qian Aiping, Yan Sun’an, Lin Xiangxin, Cheng Weiwei 2010, 26 (13):  94-97.  Abstract + ( 1397 )   PDF ( 549870KB )   ( 1460 ) It was analysed the amino acid composition of the seven kinds of poultry meat. By applying the egg protein as standard protein and WHO/FAO reference model of essential amino acid (EAA) as an appraisal criterion ,the nutritional value of the seven kinds of poultry meat was evaluated by fuzzy pattern recognition and ratio coefficient of amino acid(AA).The results showed that the mutton had highest AA contents，the rabbit meat had the highest amount of Lysine. The meat protein was rich in all kinds of amino acid(AA), and it had more proper proportion, especially it had higher tasty amino acid such as glutamic acid and aspartic acid, which accounted for 18% and 10% respectively.

  Microanalysis and Fast Analysis on Fatty Acids of Peanut Seed by Gas Chromatography 2010, 26 (13):  98-103.  Abstract + ( 1339 )   PDF ( 853835KB )   ( 1264 ) Abstract: The content of fatty acids is an important index for oil crops. The traditional methods of detecting fatty acids need more samples and more time, which is difficult to select hundreds of materials for breeders. To detect the fatty acids or to propagate is ambivalent when the material detected has few seeds. In this experiment, a fast microanalysis was studied for detecting fatty acids of peanut. A part of about 0.020g cut from one seed of peanut was used, extracted oil using the mixture (benzene: petroleum ether=1:1) for 5 minutes, and methyl esterificated using sodium hydroxide-methanol solution (c= 0.5 mol L-1) for 10 minutes, then the supernatant fluid was injected into the GC system. Using this method, the work which usually need several hours, now can be completed in 15 minutes, thus lots of time can be saved. By comparing this method with traditional method (GB/T 5009.6-2003, GB/T 17376-1998) for detecting fatty acid compositions, it was confirmed that the results got from this method was exact and credible.

  Analysis of Soybean Seedling Phosphorus Efficiency and its Component Factor 2010, 26 (13):  104-108.  Abstract + ( 1099 )   PDF ( 510055KB )   ( 919 ) To explore the characteristics of phosphorus efficiency of soybean seedlings, study the relationship of phosphorus efficiency of soybean and its component factor. This test use 4 "P-inefficient" soybean genotypes D03, D05, D17 and D18 and the "phosphorus efficiency" soybean genotypes D31, D34, D37 and D38, using soil culture experiment, set high、low-phosphorus treatment, the relationship of phosphorus efficiency of soybean genotypes and its component were studied. The results showed that low-phosphorus treatment, the four P efficient genotypes seedling plants P uptake than those evident advantages, D34 showed strong ability to absorb phosphorus, but there are three phosphorus efficient genotypes, phosphorus utilization efficiency adaptive advantage is not shown, only the D37 showed strong ability to make use of phosphorus. Correlation and path analysis showed that the level of phosphorus efficiency of soybean mainly by the strength of P uptake capacity determined, (-P) treatment significantly higher than (+P) treatment. P uptake and P utilization efficiency of a direct impact on the efficiency of phosphorus are large, but the far greater contributions to P uptake, while the indirect effects were relatively small. Low-phosphorus stress, phosphorus efficient genotypes are different mechanisms to adapt to the low, phosphorus uptake efficiency that P uptake is different phosphorus efficiency of soybean genotypes at seedling stage a major source of variation.

  Research in the variation of the alkaloid content from different germplasm and growth years of Phellodendron amurenses 2010, 26 (13):  114-117.  Abstract + ( 1381 )   PDF ( 967091KB )   ( 946 ) RP-HPLC was used to study the varation of the effective componts of Phellodendron (berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine) in different germplasm (Beijing, north-east) and growths years.Aiming to provide the basis for scientifically determining the best harvest period of Phellodendron, and protecting the resources. Method: A Alltima HP C18 column （250×4.6mm，5μm）was used, and the mobile phase consist of acetonitrile -0.1% phosphoric acid (40:60 contain 0.1% SDS) with the flow rate of 1.0ml/min, and 25℃column temperature, detective wavelength was 345nm. Results show that the content of the Berberine in beijing germplasm of more than two years and Northeast germplasm (Jilin Tonghua) of more than nine years can achieve the requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia Conclusion: the alkaloids content and the trends are different in different germplasm and years of growth of Phellodendron.

  Study on the Determination of Cadmium in Tobacco by Hydride Generation - Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry 2010, 26 (13):  118-121.  Abstract + ( 1494 )   PDF ( 644933KB )   ( 1115 ) Tobacco samples were dissolved by HNO3-HClO4-H2O2. Then, the concentration of Cadmium(Cd) was determined by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometery (AFS) with the best experimental conditions and instrumental settings, including the concentrations of the acidity of samples, carrier flow, reducer, Co2+ and the best settings of AFS. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the detection limits of Cd is 0.0031 μg/L, and the linear scope is during 0.00 and 3.00 μg/L, and the C.V. of the sample is less than 3.0%, and the recovery rate is 88.7%~99.5%. Therefore, the method characterized by veracity, stabilization and high precision will be effective to determine Cd in Tobacco.

  Spatial distribution pattern of the endangered plant Tsuga chekiangensis in different aspect 2010, 26 (13):  122-125.  Abstract + ( 1494 )   PDF ( 589792KB )   ( 953 ) Based on the investigation of the Tsuga chekiangensis plantations in the Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, the concentration class index, C, CI, Iδ, M*, PAI and CA were used to research spatial distribution pattern of the Tsuga chekiangensis plantations in different aspect. .The results showed that the spatial distribution pattern of Tsuga chekiangensis Flous was random pattern in population, but the courses of distribution pattern were different in different aspect.

  Construction and application of Geographic Information System of wetland eco-environment monitoring and management 2010, 26 (13):  129-133.  Abstract + ( 1283 )   PDF ( 574226KB )   ( 1469 ) The wetland eco-environment monitoring of weather, atmosphere, biology, soil, natural disasters is the scientific basis of wetland ecosystem management. The Geographic Information System of wetland eco- environment monitoring and management is composed by spatial database and attribute database which are integrated by system, the Geographic Information System has functions of data collection, data input, data output, data statistics, data inquiry, spatial analysis, transforms of map scale and map projection and etc. The system above has some effects in wetland ecosystem management, such as classifying wetland and estimating wetland vegetation biomass by using remote imagines, analyzing wetland landscape transform and wetland degradation, evaluating wetland and assisting wetland natural reserve construction.

  Study on nut characters of walnut (Juglans regia L.) in Maijishan Scenic Area,Gansu province 2010, 26 (13):  134-139.  Abstract + ( 1500 )   PDF ( 608435KB )   ( 1277 ) Maijishan scenic area ,Gansu province is an important component of biological diversity and representatives of the western ecotone of Qingling range. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) in Maijishan scenic area is native and has a long cultivation history. The seventeen walnut trees selected in Maijishan scenic area were empolyed to study the nut quality of the area comparing with seven walnut trees selected in Taishan and two cultivars. It was showed that the nut of walnut in Maijishan scenic area was smaller than that in Taishan. The average nut weight of walnut in Maijishan scenic area and in Taishan were 9.98g and 22.49g respectively. The average of nut weight，thickness of shell ，horizontal diameter and horizontal diameter of suture of walnut in Taishan were higher than that of walnut in Maijishan significantly at P＜0.01, the average of vertical diameter of walnut in Taishan was higher than that of walnut in Maijishan significantly at P＜0.05，but the kernel ratio was lower than that of walnut in Maijishan significantly at P＜0.01. There was no significant difference in the average content of fat and protein of walnut between in Maijishan and in Taishan , but there were differences in the content of fat and protein among walnut trees selected in Maijishan and Taishan significantly at P＜0.01. The content of fat of Maijishan elite tree GS-17 was the highest (70.24%), the content of protien of Maijishan elite tree GS-12 was 20.31%.There were no significant differences in composition of fatty acids and amino acids of walnut trees selected in Maijishan and Taishan , but the composition of essential amino acids of all selected walnut trees was higher than that was published by the USDA National Nutrition Database. This research laid scientific basis for the useing of walnut resources in Maijishan scenic area .

  Effects of Ridge and Furrow Planting on Soil Moisture Variation and Growth in Summer Maize 2010, 26 (13):  140-143.  Abstract + ( 1383 )   PDF ( 584209KB )   ( 989 ) In order to study the effects of ridge and furrow planting on summer maize production in North China, field experiment of three planting patterns of ridge planting, furrow planting and flat planting have been designed to investigate the influence of different treatments on soil moisture variation, leaf water potential, growth, grain yield of maize. The result show that soil moisture, leaf water potential, leaf area, dry matter accumulation in furrow planting treatment are higher than ridge planting and flat planting treatment, the grain yield of furrow planting treatment increase 3.81% and 11.62% than ridge planting treatment and flat planting treatment respectively.

  Effect of the Agua of 30% Aminoacyl Ester and Ethephon on the Agronomic Character of Maize 2010, 26 (13):  144-148.  Abstract + ( 1237 )   PDF ( 730307KB )   ( 972 ) Abstract:Study on the effect of maize special synergistic agent on agronomic characters of maize in the density of 75 000 plants/hm2. The result indicated that there were obviously different on the different level synergistic agent to maize; intelligent use synergistic could decrease the plant height, ear height, lodging rate, empty stalk rate, lobe length, increase stem diameter and 1000 kernels weight, stabling ear length, ear diameter, lines per ear, kernel number per line, kernel rate, increase the maize yield. The suitable use consistency of maize Luoyu 5 is 150-200 mL/hm2.

  Effects of Different Planting Densities and Planting Dates on Yield Components in Coix (Coix lachryrma-jobi L.) 2010, 26 (13):  149-152.  Abstract + ( 1256 )   PDF ( 501296KB )   ( 1049 ) To increase the yield of coix (Coix lachryrma-jobi L.) in the northern region and provide a scientific basis for genetic breeding. Effects of different planting densities and planting date on yield and its components in coix were studies using two-factor randomized block design. The results showed that the difference of yield and its components affected by plant densities and planting dates were both significantly. The optimum combinations comprised 60cm×80cm spacing-row, seeding around April 27, with respects to increasing economic benefits of coix. Properly early seeding and sparse planting density could increase the yield and economic benefits significantly. Seed number per plant and 100-seed weight should be regarded as the most important indexes for yield improvement, followed by tiller number and seed setting rate.

  Grain Yield and Planting techniques of Yongyou 6 for Late Season with Mechanical Transplanting 2010, 26 (13):  157-160.  Abstract + ( 1247 )   PDF ( 552026KB )   ( 996 ) （OBJECTIVE）It is positive significance to research machanical transplanting technology for late rice to solve the problem of higher cost and more labor the traditional transplanting by hand; （METHOD）We selected suitable late rice varieties by machine transplanting and carried out the experiments of the rate of nitrogen; （RESULTS）The results showed that Yongyou 6 had a suitable growing period and large panicle by machine transplanting. The grain yield was increased with more transplanting density by machine. The productive panicles were increased with more nitrogen fertilizer , but the total grains per panicle and filled grains was decreased. It is the most suitable planting method that was transplanting density of 13900 hills / 667m2 (30 cm × 16 cm) and nitrogen fertilizer rate of about 11kg per 667m2; （CONCLUSION）Yongyou 6 got higher yield in late season with machine transplanting under higher density and less nitrogen rate.

  Analysis on the main Characteristics and Yield Components of Conventional new Varieties Xiang zaoxian 46 2010, 26 (13):  161-163.  Abstract + ( 1277 )   PDF ( 520341KB )   ( 978 ) Abstract: This paper analyzed the main characteristics of Xiangzaoxian46 and the yield component of six experiment points in Hunan Hejiashan Original Breeding Farm. The aim was to fully tap the yield potential of Xiangzaoxian46 and increase further its production. The results showed that Xiangzaoxian46 were better than Jinyou402 in plant height, spikelets per panicle, seed set and 1000-grain weight; resistant to lodging and piricularia leaf spot of rice,Moderate to bacterial leaf blight; In analysis of production structure, the coefficient of variation of effective panicles and spikelets per panicle was large, a large significant positive association was found for yield, and the equation on linear regression is y=-24923.7+27.6x1+39.5x2+173.4x3+215.8x4. In cultivation and management, we should research the effective panicles and spikelets per panicle and coordinate the relationship between grains per spike.

  The Application of Grey Hybrid Combination Evaluation in Soybean Breeding of High Yield and High Oil 2010, 26 (13):  164-168.  Abstract + ( 1011 )   PDF ( 543058KB )   ( 848 ) Grey system theory and methods were used in order to value 30 hybrid combinations of soybean. The scientific basis of soybean breeding was provided by grey evaluation. The results showed that: When yield was as a breeding target，9 combinations, for example, Tongnong 13 × SAPPRO, Tongnong 13 × ARIRA, Tongnong 13 × EXP etc., of which comprehensive characters showed the best and were awarded the first-class combination. 11 combinations, for example, 2002 lines × EXP, Jilin 35 × PEMVy, Jilin 38 × PEMVy etc., performed the better and were rated as second-class combination. The remaining 10 combinations were in general and rated as the third-class combination. When fat content was as a breeding target，9 combinations, for example, Tongnong 13 × SAPPRO, Jilin38 × SAPPRO, Tongnong 13 × EXP etc., of which comprehensive characters showed the best and were awarded the first-class combination. 11 combinations ,for example,2002 lines × PEMVy, Tongtong13 × Yi3, Jilin 47 × ARIRA etc. performed the better and was rated as second-class combination. The remaining 10 combinations were in general and rated as the third-class combination. First-class combinations should be expanded to the scale of cultivation in next year, and were selected carefully in all subsequent generations. High quality plants were selected in hybrid offspring in second-class combinations. Third-class combinations, if there is no special advantages, should be eliminated.

  Effects of Chitosan Supported Cu(Ⅱ), Mn(Ⅱ) Complexes on Seed Germination and Salt-tolerance of Seedling Growth of Maize 2010, 26 (13):  169-173.  Abstract + ( 1115 )   PDF ( 680551KB )   ( 1031 ) Abstract: The effects of chitosan supported Cu(Ⅱ), Mn(Ⅱ) complexes on some physiological characteristics of seed germination and salt-tolerance of seedling growth of maize were investigated, seed and seedlings were treated with chitosan supported Cu(Ⅱ), Mn(Ⅱ) complexes solution and 120 mmolL-1 NaCl solution. The results showed that chitosan supported Cu(Ⅱ), Mn(Ⅱ) complexes solution increase seed germination percentage, germination index and salt tolerance index. Under salt stress conditions, the increment speed of proline content、the reduction velocity of chlorophyll content、the reduction velocity of soluble protein content and the increment speed of soluble sugar content decreased, the increment speed of SOD activities increased in stressed seedlings. It was suggested that chitosan supported Cu(Ⅱ), Mn(Ⅱ) complexes solution improve the salt tolerance of seedlings in maize.

  Experimental Study on Application of Root Elongation of Grass and Lily of Heavy Metal Tolerance Mechanism 2010, 26 (13):  174-178.  Abstract + ( 1241 )   PDF ( 541233KB )   ( 988 ) Abstract: With the rapid development of mining industry, metallic tailings are affecting the growth and development of plants to a great degree. The current study examined experimentally the tolerance mechanisms of Gramineous and Liliaceous weeds to the increasing concentrations of heavy metals (tolerance index) by using root elongation experiments. 5mg/L, 10mg/L, 20mg/L, 50mg/L and 100 mg/L Cu2+ were applied for 14 days to dermine the physiological and growth index of plants. The results indicated that low-concentration Cu2+ has promoted, while the high concentration Cu2+ inhibited plant growth. Contaminated by Cu2+, both the tolerance indexes of Festuca rubra and Ophiopogon japonicus declined. By contrast, O. japonicus was more tolerant to the stress of heavy metals than F. rubra. O. japonicus therefore is a preferential plant for the restoration of soils contaminated by heavy metals and the rehabitation of tailings wasteland.

  Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Cold - resistant of Pyrus Nanguo 2010, 26 (13):  179-182.  Abstract + ( 1351 )   PDF ( 617058KB )   ( 981 ) Abstract: Effect of Plant Growth Regulators PP333, 6-BA, PP333+6-BA on growth and cold-resistant of Pyrus Nanguo was studied with 2-year Pyrus Nanguo seedlings through Pot experiment. The results showed that: seedlings height is moderate, stem diameter is enlarge, relative conductivity and MDA content is the lowest, both branches soluble sugar content and proline are the highest in spraying the concentration of 450 mg.L-1 complex dispensing PP333 +6- BA (mixed 1:1 by volume) and seedling the cold tolerance is the strongest.

  Effect of Polyethylene glycol on Seed Vigor and chilling Resistance of radish Seedlings 2010, 26 (13):  183-186.  Abstract + ( 1255 )   PDF ( 708618KB )   ( 1016 ) Polyethylene glycol （PEG-6000）was used to study the effect on seed vigor and chilling resistance of radish seedlings. The results showed that 20%PEG significantly enhanced germination potentiality 、germination index 、 vigor index. Under Low temperature, 20% PEG treatment significantly increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the activity of peroxidase (POD), improved proline content significantly ,reduced malondialdehyde(MDA) content and relative electrical conductivity in leaves of radish seedlings. 20% PEG improved chilling resistance of radish seedlings.

  Effect of Si on Biomass and Physiological Characteristics of rice under Cd Stress 2010, 26 (13):  187-190.  Abstract + ( 1254 )   PDF ( 589778KB )   ( 1146 ) Abstract：The water culture experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of Si (0、30、60、90 mg/L, SiO2) under 3 mg/L Cd stress on seedling biomass, Cd content in plants, catalase (CAT) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and proline (Pro) content. The results showed: the fresh weight of rice shoots and stems was increased by 11.1%～14.39%, that of roots was increased by 15.7%～25.7%, the height of plants was increased by 8.0%～13.6%, the content of Cd in plants was decreased by 23.9%～26.5%, the activity of CAT was increased by 12.3%～16.6%, the content of MDA was decreased by18%～25% and the content of Pro was decreased by 31.5%～33.7% compared with the treatment without Si addition. The correlation was significant between the treatment adding Si and not. A negative correlation between CAT activity and Cd content of rice plant was found(r=0.980＊＊;n=5). A positive correlation between MDA content and Cd content of rice plant was found(r=0.956＊;n=5) and the same correlation was found between Pro and Cd content of rice plant(r=0.990＊＊;n=5). These results suggested that Si addition could inhibit Cd adsorption by the plants, improve physiological characteristics of rice, alleviate the toxicity of Cd to rice and promote the growth of it.

  Effect of Nd3+ and Burdock oligosaccharide on the Germination Power of Angelica sinensis Seeds 2010, 26 (13):  191-193.  Abstract + ( 1200 )   PDF ( 566327KB )   ( 1010 ) To solve the problem of the technology of Angelica sinensis in introduction and cultivation. The effects of different temperatures, Nd3+ and Burdock oligosaccharide (BOS) on germination rate were studied. The results showed that the germination rate of Angelica sinensis seeds was highest at 25-28 ℃; different concentration of Nd3+ promoted the germination rate of seed respectively, the optimum concentration of Nd3+ was 80mg/L; the low concentration of BOS promoted the germination rate of seed, but the high concentration of BOS inhibited the germination of seed, the optimum concentration of BOS was 1g/L .We conclude that Nd3+ and BOS can promote the germination rate of Angelica sinensis seeds.Both of Nd3+ and BOS on increasing the germination rate of Angelica sinensis seeds may be applied in introduction and cultivation Angelica sinensis in future.

  Hexokinase regulate sucrose cleavage catabolism during the development of Cabernet Sauvignon 2010, 26 (13):  194-199.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   PDF ( 768472KB )   ( 1251 ) Abstract: Wine grape(Vitis vinifera L.)Cabernet Sauvignon fruit were used to study the relationship of Hexokinase and key sucrose metabolism [enzymes acid invertase and sucrose synthase activity(cleavage direction)]. Using HPLC analyse the content of sucrose, glucose and fructose in berry; and the hexokinase, acid invertase and sucrose synthase enzyme activity are checked . During the development, the sucrose content was small; The gradient of Hexokinase compared with glucose, fructose was opposite; When glucose and fructose content was low, the soluble acid invertase and sucrose synthase activity began to rise; When glucose and fructose content was high, the soluble acid invertase and sucrose synthase decreased.Correlation analysis showed that sucrose content was significantly related to glucose and fructose content, glucose and fructose content was significantly negatively related with soluble acid invertase and sucrose synthase activity. hexokinase activity negatively correlated with all factors, but no significant correlation.

  Effects of Fertilization Systems on Soil Fertility 2010, 26 (13):  200-206.  Abstract + ( 1359 )   PDF ( 691400KB )   ( 927 ) Through the datum of Guangzhou cropland soil monitoring plots from 2002 to 2008, the states of soil pH value, organic matter, total N, alkali-hydrolytic N, Olsen-P, NH4Ac-extractable K varied with the different fertilization systems and the curves of soil routine monitoring indexes were detected and analyzed. The results indicated that balanced fertilization of N,P,K (NPK treatment), especially when combined with manure (OC treatment), not only enable high and stable yields as we all know, but also had significant effects on maintaining or improving soil fertility; on the contrary, unbalanced fertilizations (NK treatment, NP treatment, PK treatment) not only make for “short board” effect on the yield, but make for worse unbalanced on the soil.

  Study on Variation of Soil Moisture in Karst Regions, Southwest China 2010, 26 (13):  207-212.  Abstract + ( 1134 )   PDF ( 667911KB )   ( 879 ) The Karst regions of southwest China are greatly suffered from rocky desertification. The research on the variations of soil moisture is important to the repair of local ecosystem. Soil samples were collected from Libo and Puding in Guizhou province. The variations of soil moisture under typical rocky desertification stage were studied. The results were as follows: (1) As the rocky desertification progressed, the content of soil moisture decreased. (2) The content of soil moisture varied with time significantly. It reached the highest in summer and then kept decreasing until winter. As the rocky desertification progressed, the soil moisture decreased. (3) The storage and releasing capacity as well as the available soil moisture content of non-degraded soil is higher than that of degraded soil obviously. (4) Soil moisture content was related to soil properties such as bulk density, porosity and particle composition and soil organic matter. Forest conservation is an effective way to prevent rocky desertification and soil erosion by enhancing the content of soil organic matter and soil moisture.

  Effects of formula fertilization on rice 2010, 26 (13):  213-218.  Abstract + ( 1311 )   PDF ( 608292KB )   ( 1278 ) Abstract: An experiment was carried out to study the effect of formulated fertilization on agronomic characters and yield of rice according to the theory of“3414”regression optimum design, and studied experiment of fertilizer by N、P、K. The results show that, Effect of formulated fertilization on agronomic characters in the different treatment of rice, and actual yield of each fertilizer treatment was enhanced by comparing with CK, in the field of middle levels of N, low P and K, application of N 180 kg/hm2, P 90 kg/hm2, K 67.5kg/hm2 can reach the highest yield of 10234.5kg/hm2. Regression recommended that the optimum fertilizing quantity of N, P, K is N 191.55 kg/hm2, P 95.85 kg/hm2and K 64.80 kg/hm2. N 188~192kg/hm2, P 85~90 kg/hm2 and K 63~66 kg/hm2 are strongly recommended by equation of experiment of fertilizer and the best fertilization, and experience of spread manure in agriculture.

  Effects of enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation and nitrogen levels on microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in barley 2010, 26 (13):  219-224.  Abstract + ( 1202 )   PDF ( 797612KB )   ( 833 ) Field experiment with barley was conducted to investigate the dynamics of soil microbial biomass C and N as affected by enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation and N supply. The experiment was designed with 2 levels of UV-B radiation and 3 levels of N supply, i.e. 30, 150 and 300 kg N ha-1. The results indicated that, compared with control, enhanced UV-B radiation increased microbial biomass C and N in non-rhizospheric soil, regardless of N supply levels; but decreased microbial biomass C and N in rhizospheric soil, except for low N supply level. Irrespective of UV-B radiation, high N supply level depressed microbial biomass N in rhizospheric soil as well as microbial biomass C and N in non-rhizospheric soil.

  Determination of the formulation of special fertilizer for spring maize in corn belt of Jilin 2010, 26 (13):  225-229.  Abstract + ( 1350 )   PDF ( 517736KB )   ( 1435 ) The study has used Spring Maize nutrient resources management theory, though to analyze “3414” fertilizer test in central Jilin, Statistics farmer’s investigations, reference literature and combine the base fertilizer application in corn which Agricultural workers present used. The results shows that the dose of fertilizer NPK application in Jilin is 200 kg/hm2、76 kg/hm2 and 68 kg/hm2,amount of base fertilizer is 52 kg/hm2 ，Corn Fertilizer dosage is 400kg/hm2, the ratio of N-P2O5-K2O is 13-19-17。

  Effect of N Fertilizer on the Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice 2010, 26 (13):  230-234.  Abstract + ( 1598 )   PDF ( 515722KB )   ( 1725 ) This study was conducted to compare the yield and N use efficiency in two popular rice varieties under different N fertilizer rate. Japonica cultivar Liaoxing 1 and japonica hybrid cultivar Liaoyou 5238 were grown under seven N treatments in 2008. The results showed that the application of N fertilizer could improve the rice yield. However, the improving range decreased obviously with the increase of N fertilizer applied amount. When the nitrogen fertilizer was applied at 15kg N/667m2, both Liaoxing 1 and Liaoyou 5238 got the highest economic returns among the treatments, and the outputs reached 636.7kg/667m2 and 637.3kg/667m2, respectively. The total amount of nitrogen accumulation in rice increased, but the nitrogen physiological efficiency, agronomic efficiency, partial factor productivity, nitrogen dry matter production efficiency and nitrogen grain production efficiency reduced with the increase of N fertilizer application rate. We also found that Liaoyou 5238 had strong ability to absorb nitrogen and transform nitrogen to grain under lower N fertilizer applied amount treatments, and, even if less fertilizer was applied for Liaoyou 5238, it would get the same yield level to Liaoxing1.

  Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Proportion on Yield and Efficiency of Nitrogen Fertilizer Utilization of Rice in Cold Region 2010, 26 (13):  235-238.  Abstract + ( 1260 )   PDF ( 462808KB )   ( 900 ) Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Proportion on Yield and Efficiency of Nitrogen Fertilizer Utilization of Rice in Cold Region

  Simulation on Coupled Movement of Soil Water and Heat with Straw Mulching 2010, 26 (13):  239-242.  Abstract + ( 1302 )   PDF ( 574186KB )   ( 1175 ) The soil water and heat coupling numerical simulation are developed on the basis of isothermal moisture movement model in the 1950s. Along with the development of straw mulching water-saving technology, the research of numerical modeling of the soil water and heat made a further progress. Considering the effect of straw mulching layer，simulation on coupled movement of soil water and heat under straw mulching became complicated. This paper introduces the process of soil heat and water transport numerical simulation from bare soil to straw mulching , the empirical formula of the water movement parameters and the solution of boundary condition under straw mulching.

  Study on the Fertilization of Vegetables and Soil Nutrient Condition and Countermeasures in Greenhouse 2010, 26 (13):  243-246.  Abstract + ( 1778 )   PDF ( 499414KB )   ( 1007 ) Abstract: Xianyang vegetables cultivation area is one of representatives of sunlight greenhouse in Shannxi province, where the fertilization and the nutrient, salinity as well as PH of greenhouse soil, is investigated and analyzed in terms of planting years. The results show that most of vegetable greenhouses are insufficient of organic fertilizer, that fertilizer is partially or excessively applied, that application methods is constrained traditionally and application benefit is undesirable, that the organic elements, total nitrogen, available nitrogen in soil is low, while nitrate nitrogen（NO3-）, phosphorus and potassium abounds. All these factors caused the nutrient imbalance, salinity increase and PH decrease of soil. Solutions are suggested according to the study: the expansion of soil test and formula fertilization technique, the increase of application of fine organic fertilizer, the amelioration of fertilizing method, the selection of new-type special fertilizer, and the enhancement of cultivating management, etc.

  A Study on the Change in Soil Nutrients under the Condition of Bamboo Shoot Planting in Linan 2010, 26 (13):  247-250.  Abstract + ( 1267 )   PDF ( 548818KB )   ( 1066 ) By comparing the soil analysis data of 2002 and 2009 gathered from two main types of soils on the two fixed-location soil fertility monitoring sites under the condition of bamboo shoot(CV. Ventricousinternode) planting, the results showed that eight years later, pH values of two plough-layer soils fell respectively from 4.74 and 5.14 to 3.39 from 29.60 g/kg and 26.96 g/kg to 50.67g/kg and 42.84 g/kg; total N from 1.70 g/kg and 2.16 g/kg to 2.98 g/kg and 2.59 g/kg; total P from 0.76 g/kg and 0.94 g/kg to 1.27 g/kg and 1.44 g/kg; total K from 29.10 g/kg and 32.40 g/kg to 33.40 g/kg and 38.70g/kg. Moreover, an increase at a different extent was observed when comparisons were made in the contents of soil available N, P and K, but a decrease in the contents of available B, Zn, Mn and Cu was found when comparisons were made. After the bamboo shoot growth for the lasting eight years, an increase in soil exchangeable H+ and Al3+, along with a decrease in the total amount of soil exchangeable Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+, has resulted in a fall in base-saturation percentage. As a conclusion, there was an increase in the content of soil macronutrients and in soil acidity but a fall in the content of soil micronutrients under the condition of consecutive bamboo shoot growth for years in Linan.

  Analysis the soil enzyme activity of Areca catechu in Eastern region of Hainan 2010, 26 (13):  251-254.  Abstract + ( 1177 )   PDF ( 694904KB )   ( 963 ) In eastern region of Hainan, collected the soil samples of Areca catechu garden in different years and different regions. Using the titration method and colorimetry, it was determined for catalase, urease, polyphenol oxidase, dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, protease, reductase, and cellulose-decomposing enzymes.The results showed that: The soil enzyme of antithesis area larger than root zone is catalase, urease, polyphenol oxidase, reductase, cellulose-decomposing enzyme. The soil enzyme of antithesis area larger than garden area is catalase, polyphenol oxidase, reductase. The soil enzyme of root zone larger than antithesis area is protease. The soil enzyme of root zone larger than garden area is the acid phosphatase enzyme, protease.Root zone soil enzyme of 12 years more than 24 years is catalase, urease, acid phosphatase, reductase.Root zone soil enzyme of 24 years more than 12 years is the protease, cellulose-decomposing enzyme.

  Research on contents in organic matter in three kinds of soil 2010, 26 (13):  255-257.  Abstract + ( 1059 )   PDF ( 530803KB )   ( 1057 ) In order to research the amount of CO2 produced by soil respiration, At the campus and 是outhern campus in wild soybean, Wafangdian man-made wetland, all collected 9 different used patterns of soil. Then content in soil organic carbon was sured. The results showed the content in average organic matter at campus was the highest in three kinds of soil, it reached 11.34g/kg; the content in average organic matter at Southern campus of wild soybean was 8.97g/kg, the lowest content of average organic matter at Wafangdian man-made wetland was 8.33g/kg. Through analysis of variance, the content in average organic matter at the campus was great significantly higher than that in average organic matter at southern campus of wild soybean and Wafangdian man-made wetland; the content in average organic matter at the southern campus was great significantly higher than that in average organic matter at Wafangdian man-made wetland. The content in average organic matter at between No.1and No.2 sowing wheat soil was not significantly different. The content in average organic matter at no used saline-alkali soil at southern campus was great significantly higher than that in average organic matter at used saline-alkali soil at southern campus.

  Effect of Site-specific Nitrogen Management on Grain Quality in Rice 2010, 26 (13):  258-260.  Abstract + ( 1042 )   PDF ( 430192KB )   ( 924 ) Taked Shanyou 63 and Huai dao 9 as materials, effects of site-specific nitrogen management (SSNM) on grain quality in rice were studied. The results showed that SSNM increased milling quality, whereas decreased chalky grain percentage and chalkiness, leading to an improvement in appearance quality. SSNM also decreased amylose content and protein content.

  Induction and Identification of Polyploids in Wild Cymbidium Lowianum 2010, 26 (13):  261-266.  Abstract + ( 1260 )   PDF ( 3718008KB )   ( 897 )

  Flower Development Contolled by MicroRNA 2010, 26 (13):  267-271.  Abstract + ( 1412 )   PDF ( 578879KB )   ( 2761 ) Abstract：MicroRNAs are 20 to 24 nt, small noncoding RNAs. Specificity is provided by base pairing of the miRNA to miRNA target sequence, leading to translational repression or degradation of mRNA. Three miRNA families (miR172, miR159/miR319 and miR156) involved in flowering time regulation has recently been reviewed. miR156 is a master regulator in the phase changing from vegetative phase to reproductive phase; miR172 is involved in the regulation of ?owering time and ?oral organ identity in Arabidopsis thaliana through regulation of expression of APETALA2 (AP2)-like genes. The over expression of miR319 and miR159 results in several developmental defects, included a delay in flowering. In addition, we demonstrate some other miRNAs related to floral development. Finally, some perspectives are discussed.

  Studies on drought resistance of 3 side slope greening plants 2010, 26 (13):  272-278.  Abstract + ( 1029 )   PDF ( 822536KB )   ( 939 ) In order to compare the drought resistance capabilities among tree species, 7 physiological indexes were measured and studied by treating water stress of potted seedlings of three tree species in Beijing region. The results showed that with the increase of drought stress, leaves water contents, relative water contents, chlorophyll contents and photosynthetic rate decreased obviously, leaves soluble sugar contents, leaves proline contents and leaves relative conductivity increased. Many potted seedlings dead when the soil water contents were lower than 4%. After 20d drought treatment, leaves water contents of Amorpha fruticosa, Rhus typhina and Vitex negundo decreased 18.85%,15.52% and 12.28%, relative water contents decreased 42.06%,29.63% and 16.42%, chlorophyll contents decreased 59.17%,63.29% and 45.67%,the photosynthetic rate of Vitex negundo was smallest influenced，Amorpha fruticosa was largest influenced, leaves soluble sugar contents increased 85.80%,25.29% and 34.56%, leaves proline contents increased to 7.34 times,4.29 times and 5.02 times of 0d numerus, leaves relative conductivity increased 38.69%,14.17% and 25.93%. Compare the physiological indexes that had high correlation with soil water contents, the drought resistance capabilities of Vitex negundo were greater, and then were Rhus typhina and Amorpha fruticosa.

  Establishment of technique of proteome two-dimensional electrophoresis of the leaf of Lactuca sative L. 2010, 26 (13):  279-283.  Abstract + ( 1246 )   PDF ( 696756KB )   ( 970 ) In order to establish a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) protocol for proteomic study of Lactuca sative L., with leaves of Lactuca sative L. (S24) as material, we used TCA / acetone precipitation method extracted leaf protein, compared the two kinds of standard curve for protein concentration determination of the impact and also discussed on the lysis method , process of IEF and some key technologies of 2D electrophoresis. The results showed that: Compared with the traditional standard curve, using the improved standard curve more accurate determination of protein concentration. A two-dimensional electrophoresis atlas with good repeatability and high resolution was obtained. A system of two-dimensional electrophoresis of leaves of Lactuca sative L.was successfully established.

  The Application of Taoist Ecological Ethics and Health Preservation Culture to the Healing Landscape 2010, 26 (13):  284-288.  Abstract + ( 1122 )   PDF ( 563201KB )   ( 1061 ) Healing landscape design has becoming a hot topic in recent years. Although a number of related theories have been raised, there is a deficiency of current design guideline. Chinese Taoism always regards"Unity of heaven and man","Imitating the nature" as the basic methodology, which respects harmony between man and nature.It emphasizes that good ecological environment can contribute to people's physical and psychological health,in addition, Taoist health preservation culture gives great inspiration to keep healthy.This paper, under the guidance of Taoist ecological ethics and health preservation theory, discusses the design idea, space division and plants landscape of healing landscape and tries to find some guidelines for the healing landscape design, with a view to design the healing landscape with Chinese characteristics.

  Effect of Interplanting of Herbage on the natural enemies of fruit tree in Pear Orchard 2010, 26 (13):  289-293.  Abstract + ( 1311 )   PDF ( 519284KB )   ( 950 ) Abstract: 【Objective】 This article is to study the influence of the grass on the natural enemies of insect pests of the pear trees. 【Methods】Three ways of planting grass were applied and the results were weighed by trays. 【Results】The results showed that it is effective to protect natural enemies of insect pests of the pear trees by planting clover, Common vetch and natural grass and the number of natural enemies is 387,300,149 respectively. Finally the results also show that complete soil tillage is unfavorable to the protection of natural enemies. This is mainly because that the grass in the pear orchard can also provide a shelter to insect pests. Among three ways of planting grass, the number of insect pests is most by planting natural grass, then the planting clover and Common vetch, complete soil tillage is the least. The number is 3267, 2622, 2026, 122 respectively. Though these data we also see that natural enemies and insect pests have similar growth regularity. 【Conclusion】Compared with complete soil tillage, planting the grass is helpful to protect biological diversity, especially natural enemies of insect pests in the pear orchard. Among them, planting clover will have better results.

  Transferability of SSRs from Cucumis melo to Summer squash 2010, 26 (13):  294-297.  Abstract + ( 1561 )   PDF ( 776384KB )   ( 1082 ) Simple sequence repeat (SSR) is a popular tool in genetic studies. Currently, only a few SSR markers are available in summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.), whereas plenty of SSR markers have been developed in its close relative Cucumis melo. In this study, 25 SSR primer pairs from Cucumis melo were tested in summer squash. Approximately 24% of them generated repeatable and clear products in summer squash, indicating a relative high homology between genomes of the two species. Of the transferable SSR markers, 6 primer pairs generated polymorphic products in 34 summer squash genotypes with a total of 16 alleles. Based on the SSR fingerprints, a relative low level of polymorphism was detected within the materials originated from F1 hybrid commonly seen in market while a high level of polymorphism was detected in those introduced from National Vegetable Ggermplasms Resource Center（NVGRC）

  Effects of Sun Light on the Red Color Formation in the Flesh of Red-Fleshed Peach 2010, 26 (13):  308-311.  Abstract + ( 1425 )   PDF ( 666524KB )   ( 1077 ) Qingdao local red-fleshed peach variety “Dabalu” was used to explore if the red color formation in red flesh needs sun light directly. Anthocyanin content in red flesh and other fruit quality attributes were measured with bagged and exposed fruits. The results showed that the red color formation was inhibited greatly by bagging . The ability of anthocyanins synthesis could restore after bag-moving. Bagging also reduced the content of acid, sugar, carotenoid and chlorophyll. It is proposed that red color formation in the flesh of red-fleshed peach requires sun light in some ways.

  Sensitivity of Botryosphaeria berengeriana f.sp.piricola to Tebuconazole 2010, 26 (13):  312-318.  Abstract + ( 1482 )   PDF ( 680179KB )   ( 1002 ) Abstract: Forty isolates of Apple Ring Rot（Botryosphaeria berengeriana f.sp.piricola） were collected from typical and representative location of Henan Province.The sensitivity of these isolates to tebuconazole was tested by colonial growth-rate.The result showed that the 50% effective concentration values (EC50) to the 47 strains for tebuconazole ranged from 0.0172 to 1.6026 μg/mL, and the mean EC50 values ( ±Se ×t0. 05) were 0.3978±0.1171 μg/mL. Isolate ZZ1 (EC50 1.6026 μg/mL )showed the lowest sensitivity to tebuconazole, strain LB1(0.0172 μg/mL) was the most sensitive strain to tebuconazole, its toxicity ratio was 620.38-fold compared to strain ZZ1. The results suggested that the population of Botryosphaeria berengeriana f.sp.piricola Henan province is sensitive to tebuconazole and populations with significant resistance have not been observed. A sensitivity baseline of Botryosphaeria berengeriana f.sp.piricola isolates in Henan province was set up.

  EFFECT OF DEAN ON EISENIS FOETIDA ACUTE TOXICITY AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES ACTIVITIES 2010, 26 (13):  319-323.  Abstract + ( 1302 )   PDF ( 592412KB )   ( 1030 ) Abstract: The author of this article adopted an acute toxicity method to measurate the semi-lethal concentration (LC50) of Eisenis foetida that were disposed in dean with different concentrations. The variation of E. foetida antioxidant enzymes activities toxic was tested by means of enzyme activity in this paper.The results showed that LC50 of 48 hours was 81.371 mg L-1. Compared with comparative groups, dean drugs had a significant effect on E. foetida SOD,CAT and POD activities (p＜0.05). The SOD and CAT activities in the animal specimen increased when they were disposed in low concentration dean (60.342-75.044 mg L-1). But SOD and CAT activities in the animal specimen decreased at different levels when concentrations of dean increased to 83.691 mg L-1.But it could bring out a decrease in the activities of POD firstly and then an increase. A conclusion was achieved that within certain range of concentrations, dean pouring into natural soil could cause coercion to E. foetida ,have an effect on normal behavior of animal individuals and even cause death of them, and they could also lead to direct and indirect influence on soil ecosystems and the subspecies which were fed by E.foetida.

  Study on Physiological and Biochemical Characters of Endophytic Bacterial Strain TS-5 from Densefruit Pittany Root-bark and Its Antibacterial Activity to Botrytis cinerea 2010, 26 (13):  324-327.  Abstract + ( 1136 )   PDF ( 1106626KB )   ( 951 ) The endophytic bacterial strain TS-5 from medicinal plants of Densefruit pittany, root-bark was tested for its inhibiting effect against Botrytis cinerea. The physiological and biochemical characters, antagonistic activity, classification and growth condition of TS-5 in vitro were measured. The results showed that the strain had antagonistic activity against the gray mold disease, the inhibition zone was 10mm , antagonistic rate on leaves was 33.72%. According to the morphology observation and physiological and bio-chemical reactions, the strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis. Tests showed that the optimum growth condition is 30℃ at pH 7 for 48 hour. The bacterial strain is aerobic.

  A Preliminary reporter on the occurrence and harmfulness of Odontotermes formosanus in jinqiu pear 2010, 26 (13):  328-331.  Abstract + ( 1312 )   PDF ( 565996KB )   ( 941 ) Jinqiu pear is a fine late-maturing variety in the south of china. Serious Harmfulness of Odontotermes formosanus in Jinqiu pear was first found in its survey of pest species. The distribution and harmfulness of this insect in the pear garden was investigated systematically by drawing-lined method. The characteristics of its occurrence and harmfulness and spreading trends were ascertained. This insect has a certain selectivity. The trunk of the tree is smooth and small cracks on it was no damaged and the trunk rough and deep cracks on it was more serious damaged. The rate of damage of pear trees went up from 0.91% in 2005 to 41.39% in 2009, which shows index growth. The insects spread to the surrounding by the old nest. Trees in the gentle slope is more serious than that in the steep slopes. Damage period is from annual April to November.

  Review and Prospect About Biology and Control Techniques of Soybean Aphid 2010, 26 (13):  332-334.  Abstract + ( 1063 )   PDF ( 445594KB )   ( 1012 ) Aphis glycines also known as greasy insect, honey insect, is one of the important pests in Soybean production in China. It is cause serious impact on Chinese soybean yield and quality. In recent years, has become a worldwide pest. In order to better sustainable hazard prevention and control aphids, Author review of the application of natural enemies of soybean aphid, Botanical extract on prevention and treatment of aphids, Soybean Aphid Screening Resources and Biological technology research. Put forward his point of view for the future of the sustainable control of soybean aphid.

  Impacts of insecticide-spraying instrument, usage volume of water and adjuvant: Control efficacies of chlorantraniliprole·thiamethoxam against rice stem borers 2010, 26 (13):  335-338.  Abstract + ( 1341 )   PDF ( 545311KB )   ( 1035 ) A scientific and reasonable application technology is very important to increase control efficacy and reduce usage volume of pesticide. Field experiments were conducted to control rice leaf-roller, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis with 40% chlorantraniliprole·thiamethoxam WG in 2009. The results showed that perfect control and excellent persistent effect of two rice stem borers could be achieved with above insecticide. When same doses of 40%chlorantraniliprole·thiamethoxam WG were applied, first of all, control efficacy was extremely affected by nozzle and usage volume of water within 7 d after treatment. Furthermore, during the period of another 7 d, the impact of sprayer and usage volume of water were significant for it. Lastly, there was not obvious on influence of usage volume of water, dosage and adjuvant at the end of 21 d after treatment. However, when 40% chlorantraniliprole·thiamethoxam WG was used to control C. medinalis and C. suppressalis through same sprayer and nozzle types, the role of these three effectors on effectiveness was decreased in turn.

  Comparative analysis on sustainable development of Shaanxi ,Sichuan and Chongqing based on Emergy ecological footprint method 2010, 26 (13):  339-344.  Abstract + ( 1332 )   PDF ( 554394KB )   ( 942 ) Emergy ecological footprint method (EEF) is based on the ecological footprint of the regional ecosystem to assess the sustainable development of the emergy analysis method.Taking the three provinces of Shaanxi, Sichuan and Chongqing as the research objects, the three eco-economic system sustainable situation was analyzed by using the per capita emergy ecological carrying capacity and ecological footprint as well as EEF per 10000 yuan GDP in 2007, and an objective evaluation to the region's priority of co-operation was given between Shaanxi and Sichuan-Chongqing from the perspective of sustainable development. The results show that: the ecological deficit of Shaanxi Sichuan, Chongqing in 2007 is 3.604hm2, 1.467hm2, 1.268hm2 respectively, million to GDP is 3.162hm2, 2.31hm2, 1.632hm2 respectively. These three regions are all in non-sustainable development situation, and the situation is the most serious for Shaanxi, which is in the lowest resources efficiency use ; The development of Shaanxi , Sichuan and Chongqing will face a certain resources shortage, they have to rely on imports, or over-development to maintain the rapid economic development which will inevitably lead to a series of ecological problems and cause the challenge to the original model of development in these three places during the new period. Only through some appropriate changes and adjustments , can the development of the local be sustainable, thus promoting the western's development.

  Effects of stimulated nitrogen deposition and cutting on soil microbial biomass in a typical steppe in Inner Mongolia 2010, 26 (13):  345-348.  Abstract + ( 1254 )   PDF ( 533787KB )   ( 1133 ) In order to explore the influence of soil microbial biomass by nitrogen deposition in steppe, the way of stimulated nitrogen deposition was applied to treat with plots via N, the influence of cutting on soil microbial biomass C and N at different N-treated levels was researched. The results showed that different N-treated levels didn’t have significant influences on soil microbial biomass C and N, but had the trend of improve soil microbial biomass C and N; interaction of cutting and N-treated decreased soil microbial biomass C and N. Different N-treated levels could decrease roots weight of grassland vegetation, promote soil acidification. The constraint to soil microbial biomass C and N was the best under N-treated of 20g N?m-2?a-1.

  Research about clay minerals on removal soluble Nitrogen and Phosphorus in polluted water 2010, 26 (13):  349-353.  Abstract + ( 1490 )   PDF ( 693666KB )   ( 1201 ) Through a series of simulation tests on soluble Nitrogen and Phosphorus in polluted water, the removing study according to the different sorts and amounts of six clay minerals including activated carbon,,kaoline, synthetic zeolite, vermiculite, perlite and montmorillonite was carried out. Correspondingly ,The percent of removing the ammonium nitrogen is 1%，4%，78%，11%，2%，26%；The percent of removing the nitrate nitrogen is 32%，6%，4.5%，3.6%，0.8%，56%；; The percent of removing the soluble phosphorus is 35%，-22%，9%，11.7%，3.6%，16.8%. The results showed that the synthetic zeolite is the best flocculating agent for ammonium nitrogen, Activated Carbon is the best flocculating agent for nitrate nitrogen and soluble phosphorus. Integrated removal efficiency and economic benefits, removing the ammonium nitrogen, the best concentration of the synthetic zeolite is 1.5g /l, the unit amount of adsorption is 11.8mg/g，the adsorption rate is 59%.For removing the nitrate nitrogen , the best concentration of the activated carbon is 12g /l , the best concentration of the activated carbon is 12g /l, the unit amount of adsorption is 0.108mg/g，the adsorption rate is 51%.For removing the soluble phosphorus, the best concentration of the activated carbon is 12g /l and 2.0 g / l, the unit amount of adsorption is 0.26mg/g，the adsorption rate is 26%.

  Study the cultivars comparison of Helianthus Tuberosus L. and planting technology of low cost and high quality in non-infield of Qinghai and Xinjiang Provinces 2010, 26 (13):  354-358.  Abstract + ( 1491 )   PDF ( 682779KB )   ( 1055 ) The field experiments were carried out in arid region in Xinjiang Province and cold non-infield in Qinghai Province to study the cultivars comparison of Helianthus Tuberosus L. and intensive planting technology of low cost and high quality. The results were as follows: there were variances of biological characteristics among Nanyu 1, Qingyu 2, Qingyu 1 and Nengyu 1 in Qinghai. The tuber yields of Nanyu 1 and Qingyu 2 were higher than the other cultivars. The biological characteristics of cultivars in Xinjiang differed from those in Qinghai. The tuber yield of Nanyu 1 was far higher than the other cultivars in Xinjiang. The tuber of Nanyu 1 with the treatment of E were highest, and under the treatment of C were lowest. The tuber amount of biomass of Nanyu 1 was different under different treatments. Like Nanyu 1. The tuber yield of Qingyu 2 with the treatment of E was highest, and under the treatment of C was lowest. The tuber amount of biomass of Qingyu 2 was also different under different treatments in Xinjiang. The tuber of Nanyu 1 with the treatment of E was highest, and under the treatment of B was lowest in Qinghai. The tuber amount of biomass of Nanyu 1 was different under different treatments. The tuber yield of Qingyu 2 was higher than Nanyu 1 in Qinghai, and with the treatment of B was highest, while under the treatment of E were lowest. The amount of biomass tuber of Qingyu 2 was also different under different treatments in Qinghai. The result was shown that the effects of the measures for cultivation on tuber yield of Helianthus Tuberosus L. in Qinghai and Xinjiang Provinces were significant.

  Quantitative Evaluation of Land Intensive Utilization Degree Based on Multi-factor Indexes—A Case Study of Nancheng County, Jiangxi Province 2010, 26 (13):  359-362.  Abstract + ( 1142 )   PDF ( 554394KB )   ( 907 ) Abstract The condition of the land intensive use of Nancheng County is discussed in this paper, adopting the multi-factor comprehensive evaluation model，devided by townships and based on three target layers and twelve evaluation indicators. It turns out that the land intensive use conditions in different townships differ: the intensive use condition of Jianchang and Tianjingyuan are above the average level, while Longhu, Xunxi and Hongmen are below the average level. On this basis, the paper further studies the gradient of land intensive use and puts forward suggestions to the future direction of land use in different areas.

  null 2010, 26 (13):  363-365.  Abstract + ( 1067 )   PDF ( 510767KB )   ( 1073 ) null

  The Analysis on Development Motivation of Industry Base on Environment and Influencing Factors ——An Example of Strawboard Industry 2010, 26 (13):  366-370.  Abstract + ( 1144 )   PDF ( 815700KB )   ( 886 ) Straw wood-based panel industry is a child of wood-based panel industry, while closely related with the forestry industry. The three closely linked and belong to the logical relationship between indulgence and being indulgence, in the industrial characteristics and development process that has a lot of consistency. From the industry perspective, the three driving forces of industrial development with a considerable degree of consistency, especially with straw and wood-based panel industry, the consistency of wood-based panel stronger. Straw man-made board is different from other wood-based panel sub-industries in the fundamental characteristics of their new industries and raw material differences. Sort out wood-based panel industry trend, internal and external environment and influencing factors, for the analysis and research motivation straw wood-based panel industry has a very important significance. In this paper, wood-based panel industry development path, the strategic environment and the major influencing factors of important reference, combined with its straw man-made board features new industries to analyze and refine a straw-based panels industry dynamics, and motivation should be straightened out to form the framework of dynamic factors , in the industrial development in the initial motivation to explore and analysis.

  Construction of jasmonic acid -induced expressed cDNA Library of latex in Hevea Brasiliensis 2010, 26 (13):  376-379.  Abstract + ( 1309 )   PDF ( 785868KB )   ( 985 ) Abstract：Employing mRNA purified from the total RNA of latex in Clone 7-33-97 Hevea brasiliensis treated by 0.1% jasmonic acid (JA), a JA-induced expressed cDNA library was constructed from latex in Hevea Brasiliensis. The titer of primary library is 1.9×106 pfu/mL. The sizes of inserted fragments in the vector were between 500-5000bp, the average size was about 1 kb. These data indicates that this cDNA Library has a high quality, and therefore provides a useful tool for the cloning of JA responsive genes in latex of Hevea brasiliensis.

  Feasibility of Monitoring Chestnut Diseases and Pests with Hyper Spectral Remote Sensing 2010, 26 (13):  380-384.  Abstract + ( 1232 )   PDF ( 578713KB )   ( 1255 ) As one of the most serious disasters among the natural disaster system, forest pest and agricultural disaster occurs in large scales, which will hold back the sustainable development of forest and agriculture in China. Hyper spectral remote sensing used for forest pest and agricultural disaster overcomes the shortcomings in traditional methods and it has broad application prospects. But the application of the technology in the economic fruit pests monitoring prediction has not been reported at home and abroad. Chestnut as a national long-term strategic reserve of food supplies is one of the fastest growing economies fruit. Plant diseases and pests constraint on chestnut yield and quality. The satisfactory statistical results prove that estimating chestnut pests with hyper spectral remote sensing data is feasible．It provides a realistic basis for the realization of “precision agriculture”. The proposition and research is an important search and of important theoretical and practical significance to remote sensing exploration．

  Research of Flood Real-time Forecasting model 2010, 26 (13):  385-387.  Abstract + ( 1326 )   PDF ( 535161KB )   ( 932 ) The formation speed of floods is rapidly in southern China riverbasins, so the flood is very difficult to be forecasted and defended, which often causes substantial losses to agricultural production. This issue researched the problem of flood real-time forecasting by the runoff model and real-time error correction techniques. The research result shows the real-time model can effectively improve accuracy and stability of the flood forecasting. .

  The dynamic change and simulation and prediction of sensitivity of the Karst rocky desertification of Guizhou 2010, 26 (13):  388-395.  Abstract + ( 1340 )   PDF ( 3278299KB )   ( 950 ) Abstract: Karst rocky desertification can be defined as follows: it is the process of land degradation involving serious soil erosion, extensive exposure of basement rocks, drastic decrease of land productivity and the appearance of a desert-like landscape of land surface which is under irrational social economic activitis of human beings in the fragile Karst environment in Subtropical Zone. The sensitivity evaluation of rocky desertification is for the purpose of the recognition of the region which is liable to cause rocky desertification and evaluating the sensitive degree of rocky desertification upon human activitis. And it is to analyze the regional distributive laws of the sensitivity of rocky desertification and explicit the regional area which is liable to cause and the possible degree according to the formation mechanism of rocky desertification. In this study, the combined qualitative and quantitative meathod is selected to investigate the sensitivity of rocky desertification of Guizhou Province in 1962 and 2000.

  Effects on Changing Grain Size of Landscape Indices in Sushuihe Watershed 2010, 26 (13):  396-400.  Abstract + ( 1240 )   PDF ( 1654510KB )   ( 1023 ) Landscape indices are simple quantitative indicators that can highly concentrated the information of landscape pattern, reflect its composition and certain aspects of characteristics of spatial configuration .In this paper, taking sushuihe watershed as an example, using the TM image in 2008 of this watershed, apply RS and GIS technology ,and with the help of Fragstats software we analysis the 12 kinds of usual landscape pattern indices from the different scale. The result shows: (1) PD、ED、LSI、SHAPE-MN、FRAC-MN、CONTAG and AI showed a gradual downward trend With the increasing grain size. (2) PAFRAC showed a gradual upward trend with the increasing grain size. (3) LPI、SHDI and SHEI showed a complicate trend with the increasing grain size.

  Construction and Implementation of Digital City Spatial Data Management System 2010, 26 (13):  401-405.  Abstract + ( 1405 )   PDF ( 756930KB )   ( 968 ) To resolve the query giving priority to efficiency of date, data Sharing and Integration, data security controls and real-time data updates. Digital Urban Spatial Data Management System using C#.NET+ArcGISEnging9.3.1 to develop, to achieve integrated management of data, collection storage of data, integrated query of data, metadata definition, map service release, and making it the basis of the cities all walk of life, full realization of the digital city spatial data sharing. It will provide sound quality and high efficiency for the departments and public.

  The overview of Aquaculture Equipment Standard 2010, 26 (13):  406-408.  Abstract + ( 1026 )   PDF ( 418343KB )   ( 1023 ) Aquaculture equipment is the key link for the production safety and quality assurance in aquaculture, and is consist of water quality improving equipment, feed processing equipment, aquaculture cages and storage & transportation equipment etc. Aquaculture equipment standard system is the component of fishery standardization, and is mainly used in all links for controlling the safety, design, production and examination of aquaculture equipment. This paper describes the aquaculture equipment standard system in China, and discusses the developing direction of China aquaculture equipment standard.

  Study On the Chromosome Karyotype of Perccottus glenii 2010, 26 (13):  409-412.  Abstract + ( 1103 )   PDF ( 1140955KB )   ( 1015 ) The Karyotype of Perccottus glenii was studied through the chromosome metaphase prepared from the cells of the gill、kidney and intestines by the colchicine-hypotonic-air drying technique and Giemsa staining.It was observed by Leica microscope.The analysis of chromosome Karyotype of Perccottus glenii was according to Levan’s standard.The result shows that the number of the Chromosome of Perccottus glenii is 2n=44,n=22. Its fundamental arm number(NF) is 82. Its karyotype comprises 18 pairs of submetacentric chromsome, 1 pair of subtelocentric chromosome and 3 pair of telocentric chromosome.That means 2n=36sm+2st+6t.According to the analysis of the conformation of the chromosome ,there is no sex chromosome existing.

  The research on customer satisfaction of leisure agriculture garden 2010, 26 (13):  413-419.  Abstract + ( 1196 )   PDF ( 963900KB )   ( 988 ) From the perspective of microcosmic, this paper created a tool to measure customer satisfaction of leisure agriculture garden. Then, I sampled some people in Nanjing agriculture garden at random. Finally, I made up the customer satisfaction model of leisure agriculture garden by structural equation model. I found that structural equation model is a valid tool to measure customer satisfaction of leisure agriculture garden, and entertainment is main factor for customer satisfaction, followed by the farm's reputation, once again for personnel services, then the price perception, and finally the farm environment.

  The Rearch on Tourism Interpretation System of Meijiawu tea culture village 2010, 26 (13):  420-425.  Abstract + ( 1183 )   PDF ( 854593KB )   ( 1056 ) Interpretation system is the necessary base that the educational function of the destination, services, functions of the utilization develop and it is an important platform that exchange between the flavor Farmer Household Tourism and tourism place. The author makes the study on the set conditions of Interpretation system , conditions use and satisfaction of tourists, taking the tea culture village in MeijiaWu as an example. For problems of interpretation system, the corresponding countermeasures of building must be taken. In the building of the rural village flavor tourism interpretation system, we should improve several aspects ,it includes in enrichment the content ,advancement the facilities explain grade,increased the form,faretheewell planning and unification.

  Study on the Resources and Exploiture Pattern of Dark Tea Culture Tourism in Anhua County 2010, 26 (13):  426-430.  Abstract + ( 1546 )   PDF ( 567152KB )   ( 1299 ) Anhua county in Hunan Province has beautiful scenery, also has a very long history of dark tea culture. It is of great significance for Anhua to exploit Dark tea culture tourism so as to integrate its tourism resources，to promote the strategic position of tea industry , to upgrade the taste of its tourism culture, and to promote the economy comprehensively . By analyzing the Dark tea culture and tourism resources, the following three-dimensional exploiture pattern were proposed, that is ornamental tourism products, experience products and art tourism products together developed.

  Countermeasure and Proposal on the Counter Measures for Developing Modern Agriculture of City Type along Coastal Lines around Tianjin TIAN Yu-Min TIAN Yu-Min 2010, 26 (13):  431-437.  Abstract + ( 1073 )   PDF ( 589111KB )   ( 1053 ) The strategic location of the development of Tianjin’s agriculture is to develop a modern coastal urban agriculture and achieve agricultural modernization ahead of other parts of China. The development of the coastal city of Tianjin-based modern agriculture, modern agriculture to build urban-type industrial structure, system, optimize the urban-type soft environment for the development of modern agriculture, strengthen the agricultural system innovations, building institutional safeguards system to enhance quality and safety of agricultural products, strengthen food safety supervision, to ensure that food security, strengthen the agricultural ecological environment, enhance education and training farmers to improve their quality.

  Research on the financing difficulty of agricultural industrialization’s development and the development of financial support system 2010, 26 (13):  438-442.  Abstract + ( 1173 )   PDF ( 466602KB )   ( 963 ) The establishment of a sound rural financial support system is an important prerequisite of the development of modern agricultural industrialization, as well as the progress of rural economy and social. On the basis of analyzing the financing difficulty of agricultural industrialization’ development, this paper thought it should take the following six aspects to build a new rural financial support system to promote the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. Those are the establishment of legal protection system, innovative financial management system, improve the system of agricultural support policies, improve the credit guarantee system, build a system of agricultural insurance, as well as strengthening the financial safety control.

  Discussion on the Development Mechanism of Using Participatory Approaches to Build New Rural in Tibet 2010, 26 (13):  443-447.  Abstract + ( 1196 )   PDF ( 789281KB )   ( 934 ) Abstract: The participatory development theory originated from the traditional development model of reflection and the aiding to developing countries. It provides a new theoretical perspective to address the issue of rural development. The Fifth Session of the Sixteenth Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party proposes the major historic task of building a new socialist rural, which is a long and arduous social system project and may require extensive participation and support. Based on the theory of participatory development theory and the new problems in building new rural in Tibet, the question of how to establish participatory development mechanism of building new rural in Tibet is raised from two aspects.

  Cultivating Law Consciousness of Migrant Workers in Constraction of The New Socialist Countryside 2010, 26 (13):  448-451.  Abstract + ( 1217 )   PDF ( 463068KB )   ( 1080 ) Cultivating Law Consciousness of MigrantWorkers in Constraction of The New Socialist Countryside Zhang yanhua (The party school of Zhengzhou municipal commottee,Henan Zhengzhou ) Abstract:The issue of migrant workers from rural areas has attracted attention from people from all walks of life. It is important for Chinese societal harmony to solve the issue appropriately. Migrant workers in Cities have made great economic and political contribution for the society. But this huge fringe group in cities is faced many problems. The main reason is that they can not maintain their right and interests by law. On analyzing the cause, we adopt effective measures to completely solve the issue of migrant workers from rural areas. Key words: migrant workers; law consciousness; cultivate approach

  Study on the Grey Prediction of population aging process of Qingdao City from 2009 to 2040 2010, 26 (13):  452-455.  Abstract + ( 1318 )   PDF ( 568853KB )   ( 1104 ) The accurate prediction of population aging process in a country or region is an important basis for the establishment of corresponding macropolicies. Stochastic process in grey prediction is regarded as time-dependent grey process within a certain range of variation. According to GM (1,1) modeling mechanism, the prediction models of the number and the proportion of aging population in Qingdao City are set up. The number and the proportion of the aging population from 2009 to 2040 are attained based on the prediction models.The number of the aging population in 2035 will be double the one in 2009.The causes of the population aging of Qingdao City are analysed. The first cause is the impact of the two birth booms of Qingdao City between 1950s and 1960s. Secondly, the proportion of youngsters population is reduced as a result of the birth control from the beginning of 1970s.The corresponding countermeasures are put forward ,such as extending gradually the length of work and raising the retirement age to solve the problem of labor shortage, and establishing perfect old-age social security system of the city and the countryside.

  Analysis of the cause of agricultural problems in China 2010, 26 (13):  456-458.  Abstract + ( 1364 )   PDF ( 424964KB )   ( 904 ) null