Current issue

• 2009 Vol.25 No.16 Published:20 August 2009

  Implementation of the Dairy Cow Diet Diagnosis System Based on B/S Mode 2009, 25 (16):  1-7.  Abstract + ( 1143 )   PDF ( 4939161KB )   ( 736 ) With respect to the problems that diet nutritional components are considered one-sidedly in the process of diet diagnosis of dairy cows, we firstly put forward that diet formula can be optimized by virtue of the results of the process of diet diagnosis of dairy cows through a comprehensive consideration on diet nutritional components and nutritional deficiency diseases, instead of considering diet nutritional components only. In this study, the dairy cow diet diagnosis system of B/S mode was developed by using the architecture of JSP+Tomcat+MySQL based on web 2.0. The advanced and practical system can effectively solve many problems , such as the less formula pertinence existing in dairy cow diet, the inevitable nutritional disease of dairy cow, and so on.

  畜牧兽医科学

  Study on Botanical Morphology of Combination Material of CIMMYT Forage and Common Maize , , , , , , , , 2009, 25 (16):  8-12.  Abstract + ( 1444 )   PDF ( 4639178KB )   ( 656 ) It was studied the botanical morphology difference of CIMMYT forage and hybrid and backcross offspring with hybrid combination of CIMMYT forage and four common maize inbred lines as study material .The result indicated, the CIMMYT forage characteristics of the overgrowth, strong tillerity and high yield could inherit to the offspring ,and the inherit ability was higher. It was obviously difference of seedling, plant, and its grow habit, flower apparatus and seed between CIMMYT forage and common maize. The hybrid offspring of CIMMYT forage and common maize keep the strong trait of growing and development, but the flower and seed character were look like common maize. The backcross offspring were not different to common maize besides with some tillers, distinct multi-ear and atavism.

  Optimization of fermentation conditions for animal feed probiotics, Brevibacillus brevis YSJ-0401, inhibiting against Escherichia coli Chen Lu, Su Mingxing, Liu Bo, Huang Sufang, Ge Cibin, Zhu Yujing 2009, 25 (16):  13-16.  Abstract + ( 1556 )   PDF ( 882314KB )   ( 852 ) To optimize the fermentation conditions for a feed probiotics, Brevibacillus brevis YSJ-0401, which was found to inhibit Escherichia coli obviously. The best fermentation conditions for highest inhibition of YSJ-0401 were studied based on time, temperature, shaking speed and medium pH. The results showed that its inhibition zones against E. coli were 10.00-13.00 mm after cultured for 24-84 h, 9.00-14.00 mm at 24-39 ℃, 13.75-15.00 mm under the shaking speeds of 90-210 r/min and 10.50-14.50 mm at pH values of 6.0-8.0, respectively. In conclusion, the best fermentation conditions for YSJ-0401 against E. coli were as follows: pH 7.5, 30 ℃, 48 h culture time and 90-210 r/min shaking speed.

  The Sequence Analysis of Partial AIF Gene in Alpaca and the Gene Localization in Different Coat Color Trait Liu Guomin, Dong Changsheng 2009, 25 (16):  17-20.  Abstract + ( 1409 )   PDF ( 9614275KB )   ( 572 ) A highly homologous sequence to AIF gene in Alpaca was obtained through selecting from established cDNA library of Alpaca skin and ESTs analysis. After verification by sequence analysis, the new gene was designated as AIF, and submitted to Genbank. In similarity comparison with AIFgene sequence of norway rat, mouse, and human being, the similarities were 100%, 91%, and 71.6%, respectively. Immunohistochemistry was applied for further investigating the expression and location of this gene in Alpaca skin. Results showed that positive expressions of AIF were found in hair root, root sheath, hair bulb, and dermal papilla, with higher expression in brown skin than grey skin. Our findings indicated that the gene could be related to the establishment of Alpaca coat color and hair growth.

  Study on in Vitro Antifungal Activity of Dictamnine against Candida albicans Liang Xiaoying, Guo Na,, Wang Lisha, Jin Jing, Shi Jianping, Lu Huijun, Deng Xuming, Yu Lu 2009, 25 (16):  21-24.  Abstract + ( 1274 )   PDF ( 524473KB )   ( 774 ) Candida albicans (C. albicans) and other fungi an important human and veterinary pathogens. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of dictamnine alone and in combination with fluconazole (FLC) against clinical 22 clinical Candida albicans were tested, and checkerboard assay was used to analyzed the ractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of the combination of dictamnine and FLC. The result showed that dictamnine had good antifungal activity alone and in combination with FLC against Candida albicans.

  Study on Optimum Preparation Process in Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid by Orthogonal Design Li Yuwei, Lian Ruili 2009, 25 (16):  25-27.  Abstract + ( 1650 )   PDF ( 2056329KB )   ( 1158 ) Objective:To optimize the preparation process of the Shuanghuanglian oral liquid. Methods:An orthogonal design was adopted and optimized the process of preparation process in shuanghuanglian oral liquid.We determined the index of orthogonal experiment in apparent grade to study the influence made by different preparation processes of Shuanghuanglian Oral liquid upon the colour and the clarity. Results: The optimum conditions for shuanghuanglian oral liquid by orthogonal test optimized process were as follows:water for ten times the quantity of medicinal materials in the process of decoction, ethanol with 75% in the process of deposition,pH with 7.0,12 hours about laying aside time. Conclusion:The result of this experiment is reliable. Clarity of the oral solution prepared by the optimized process is better. Manufacturing process consumes shorter time, so it is propitious to the batch production.

  The Primary Study of Pathogen of Duck Hemorrhagic-necrotic hepatitis Chen Shaoying,, Chen Shilong,, Lin Fengqiang,, Jiang Bin,, Wang Shao,, Cheng Xiaoxia,, Zhu Xiaoli,, Zhang Shizhong,, Li Zhaolong,, Cheng Youquan 2009, 25 (16):  28-31.  Abstract + ( 1835 )   PDF ( 8159212KB )   ( 618 ) Eight virus strains were isolated from the liver and spleen of the dead young muscovy ducks, mule duck and sheldrake characterized with symptoms of different degree dot/spot haemorrhage and necrosis in the liver. These isolates could caused the muscovy duck- embryo and chick-embryo to die that showed the hemorrhage and necrosis in embryo-livers. 1-2 old-day birds above infected with these isolates had the same character with clinically dead birds and the virus could be isolated from artificial infected birds. These isolates could proliferate in MDEF and result in CPE.The virus could proliferate in the cytoplasm in order of crystals. The viron was shown spherical, icosahedron, cubic symmetry, no-envelope,with double-layered capsid, about 70nm in diameter by electron microscopy. These isolates had no haemagglutination activity and were not sensitive with chloroform, ether and FUDR. The PAGE analysis of the viral genome revealed that isolates genome were related to avian reovirus (ARV), composed of ten segments of dsRNA (L1-3、M1-3 and S1-4). Moreover, the specific band could not be amplified from isolates by specific primers of MDRV. Above all, these isolates temporarily belong to new-type duck reovirus, Orthoreovirus Reoviridae

  农业生物技术科学

  Genetic Difference Analysis between Colored Cotton and White Cotton by SRAP Markers Ling Lei, Li Tingchun, Li Zhengpeng, Cai Yi, Sun Xu, Su Xiang, Lin Yi, Cai Yongping 2009, 25 (16):  32-38.  Abstract + ( 1540 )   PDF ( 743132KB )   ( 846 ) The genetic diversity of colored cotton was studied by SRAP, and the results of SRAP-PCR of 30 spices of cotton materials were analyzed by NTSYS software. Twenty-nine primer combinations were selected from 88 primer pairs , which amplified 132 polymorphic bands with an average of 4.55 polymorphic bands per primer pair. Cluster analysis by using UPGMA method based on the data of SRAP amplified bands by 29 primer pairs showed that Jaccard’s similarity coefficient ranged from 0.5405 to 0.9109. The results indicated that the genetic difference between colored cotton and white cotton can be distinguished by SRAP, and SRAP molecular marker can be applied to study the colored cotton genetic diversity efficiently.

  The callus culture and cytohistological observation on Acacia. spp Ye Lingjuan, Lai Zhongxiong, Su Qizhen, Lin Shanshan, Lin Qingliang 2009, 25 (16):  39-44.  Abstract + ( 1434 )   PDF ( 17932494KB )   ( 466 ) The different effects such as plant growth regulators, light conditions, and genotypes on the maintenance of the three species of Acacia were compared in the experiment, and the results showed that the medium supplemented with 0.2-1 mg昄-12,4-D was beneficial to the maintenance of calli. Moreover, the calli could be kept loose and soft under the weak light by comparing the effects of different light conditions. And the superior inoculation amount was 0.3 g calli in each bottle. By the cytohistological observation on different calli in acacia, it showed that there were different Morphological cells and calli in different species of Acacia, which also changed during the culture.

  Development of Genetic and QTLs Analysis for Cold Tolerance in Rice DENG Hua-Bing 2009, 25 (16):  45-50.  Abstract + ( 1379 )   PDF ( 503442KB )   ( 1327 ) Genetic research on cold tolerance at germination ,seedling,booting and flowering stage in rice ,and recently expounded progress on quantitative traits loci(QTLs) analysis for cold tolerance in rice were reviewed. Some proposals and prospects of studies on cold tolerance of rice in the future are put forward in this paper.

  The Establishment of RAPD Reaction Program of Fujian Banana Liu Jinfu,, Pan Dongming,, Dai Lichun, Chen Qingxi, Zhuang Xiqing，Li Yinghao 2009, 25 (16):  51-55.  Abstract + ( 1484 )   PDF ( 6247482KB )   ( 736 ) Using the improved method of CTAB，high purity DNA was obtained from banana leaves．Based on the common RAPD reaction program and adjusting experiments，the optimal amplification program was described as follows：94℃ for 5min；45 cycles at 94℃ for 1 min，38℃ for 1 min and 72℃ for 2 min；72℃ for 2min at last. PCR system（25μL total volumes）contains：20ng of genomic DNA，200200μmol/L of dNTP，2.5μL of 10×PCR Buffer，0.20μmol/L of primer，0.75U Taq DNA polymerase，17.85μL of ddH2O． Key words：banana；Template DNA；RAPD

  Construction and Expression of Prokaryotic Expression Vector for Sex-determining Gene Sry Zhang Yanping, Zhang Yanquan, Guo Enmian, Zhu Baochang 2009, 25 (16):  56-60.  Abstract + ( 1603 )   PDF ( 2805698KB )   ( 888 ) Sex of breeded animal is a very important character for stockbreeding, while for mammal, the sex determination is started by gene Sry. So, to obtain SRY protein and study it’s interaction with other correlative genes plays an important role in making up efficient and economic technique for sex control of breeded animal.In this experiment, we used PCR、plasmid recombination、restriction digest and sequencing to construct pET-21b-Sry for sex determining gene of mice – Sry and detect it’s validity. While, we adopt protein expression induced by IPTG、 SDS-PAGE and western-blotting to achieve and detect SRY protein from prokaryotic expression. All the results of PCR、plasmid recombination、restriction digest and sequencing displayed Sry fragement from mice and prokaryotic expression vector pET-21b-Sry were abteined succesfully. Then, the validity of Sry-His protein in BL21(DE3) was proved with western blotting using anti-Sry and anti-His. In conclusion, Prokaryotic Expression for Sry-His was carried out in this experiment.

  Ammonium Molybdate Method for Detecting the Activities of Rice Catalase PENG Jian , , , , , 2009, 25 (16):  61-64.  Abstract + ( 2195 )   PDF ( 641901KB )   ( 1664 ) Abstract:To detect the activities of rice catalase ,ammonium molydate method is accurate, convenient and efficient .The reliability of the method was verified by using flag leaf of Neiliangyou 6 and Xiushui 09 and comparing the accuracy and the precision with ultraviolet absorption method.The first,the average of two method have no significent difference .The second, the Coefficient of Variation of ultraviolet absorption method respectively is 0.78% and 0.58%,and the Coefficient of Variation of ammonium molydate method respectively is 0.35% and 0.42％.

  Construction of highly efficient technology system of anther culture on rice Wang Wumei, Tai Dewei, Zhang Xiaozhong, Qian Zhen, Lin Cuixiang 2009, 25 (16):  65-68.  Abstract + ( 1459 )   PDF ( 483453KB )   ( 836 ) In order to enhance the efficiency of anther culture of rice and culture a large of green plant of pollen, some critical technologies of anther culture was discussed through the effects of our trails and other studies of anther culture on rice，and then a highly efficient technology system of anther culture on rice for common condition was Constructed . This system suggested that, in the condition of enhancing the Callus inducting rate in the way of the selection of gene types and alternate using of induction media, improve on other techniques specially the techniques of plant conducted and managements of green plantlet planting and then improving the plant regeneration rate and living rate of green plantlet planting.

  食品科学

  USEPA Acute Dietary Exposure Assessment Method for Pesticide Residue in food Chen Chen, Li Yun, Chen Zhijun, Qian Yongzhong 2009, 25 (16):  69-74.  Abstract + ( 1981 )   PDF ( 512723KB )   ( 1089 ) Food pesticide residue data are used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to determine potential dietary risk from acute exposures. An acute dietary risk assessment determines the pesticide exposure resulting from a single-day consumption of food. Toxicity and food residue data used by EPA in assessing acute dietary risk are obtained from studies submitted by chemical companies in support of pesticide registration. The primary source of food consumption data used by EPA in dietary risk assessments is the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII1994-96, 98) conducted by USDA. The current method of the EPA is to use a tiered approach for dietary risk assessment that proceeds from very conservative assumptions about food residues, to inclusion of more realistic residue values measured closer to the point of consumption, including food residue measurements in a specially designed market-basket study, government-sponsored monitoring data, probabilistic methodologies, market share information, and food processing data. China could refer to the EPA method of acute dietary risk assessment, before the pesticides are to be registered for use. This would involve the establishment of comprehensive food consumption database and market residue monitoring database.

  Effects of different growing period on Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek medicine constituents Huang Yizhong, Pan Daren, Wang Zhancheng, Ning Wenjun, Zhou Yifei 2009, 25 (16):  75-78.  Abstract + ( 2302 )   PDF ( 669564KB )   ( 594 ) Abstract: Three medicine constituent contents (indirubin; indigotin; ketone ) of Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek leaves and stems in three different origins gathered from different periods were analyzed by means of HPLC detemination.The results showed that: contents of Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek medicine constituents are changed with the seasons. Indirubin and indigotin content have reached the maximum value in November, it is the best period to extract indirubin and indigo , but it is the best period for ketone extraction in October. Therefore, the medicine material of Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek can be extracted in accordance with the different optimum medicine constituent period.

  Research Progress on Anti-viral Effect of GreenTea Extract Xu Jun, Gao Zhenxing, Song Shuhong,Yang Xiujun, Zheng Wenming 2009, 25 (16):  79-82.  Abstract + ( 1884 )   PDF ( 509944KB )   ( 1020 ) In recent years,various viruses bring about a serious threat to human health. It is difficult to cure various diseases caused by different virus. Active research and development of new antiviral drugs is the target of many researchers.Green tea extract is a mixture of some polyphenols whose main ingredient are several kind of catechins. Many studies have shown that these substances could fight against a variety of viruses strongly.This article is a review about the extract methods of green tea extract, its main ingredients, its anti-virus mechanisms. The summerized various theories of anti-viral mechanism lay a solid foundation for its in-depth study.

  Synthesis of Acrylamide Artificial Antigen and Preparation of Anti-Acrylamide Polyclonal Antibody , , ,刘慧 LIU Hui 2009, 25 (16):  83-85.  Abstract + ( 1489 )   PDF ( 551745KB )   ( 896 ) Abstract: Artificial antigen of acrylamide was synthetized by couple method, and anti- acrylamide polyclonal antibody were obtained by immunizing method. The Glutaraldehyde method was used to conjugate Acrylamide to Bovine Serum albumin(BSA), and artificial antigen, acrylamide and BSA were respectively taken on UV spectrum scan. Rabbits had been immunized with artificial antigen, and the titer antiserum from those rabbits were testified by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; The result showed that artificial antigen was synthesized successfully between Acrylamide and BSA, and titer of anti-acrylamide serum was above 8100; Anti-Acrylamide polyclonal antibody was prepared by immunizing method of artificial antigen.

  农业基础科学

  Characters of Temperature and Humidity in Colony of Rice Cultivars with Different Type Zhou Lihong, Li Xiufen, Zhao Fengyan, Wang Bolun, Liu Shumei 2009, 25 (16):  86-90.  Abstract + ( 1177 )   PDF ( 934545KB )   ( 710 ) In order to study the characters of temperature and humidity in colony of rice cultivars with different type, using 3 cultivars as materials (Shendao-11, Liaojing-294, Shennong-9816), the temperature and humidity in colonies of different types of rice were analyzed. The result indicated that among the different rice cultivars colonise of rice varieties, the diurnal variation of the temperature and humidity is consistent with the atmosphere. The pulsatile change of dew point in colonies was bigger than that of temperature and humidity. The variational current of dew point was high at noon. The difference of humidity is much larger than the difference of temperature in rice colonies. The difference of temperature and humidity in colonies of rice cultivars were gradual augmentation from the first ten days of August to the middle ten days of September. The temperature in colony of curved panicle cultivar was higher than that of erect and semi-erect panicle cultivars from August to the middle ten days of September. But the humidity in colony of curved panicle cultivar was lower than that of erect and semi-erect panicle cultivars at the same period. The distinction of temperature and humidity in colonies were unconspicuous between the erect and semi-erect panicle cultivars.

  Progress on TMV Resistant Breeding of Tabacco Xu Shi-jian ,Li Yong Ping,Xiao Bing Guang 2009, 25 (16):  91-94.  Abstract + ( 1232 )   PDF ( 475424KB )   ( 1118 ) The development of the varieties resistant to TMV is one of the important objectives in tobacco breeding. The symptoms of tobacco plants infected by TMV and the methods of the control of TMV were introduced. The germplasms resistant to TMV, the progress on the development of tobacco varieties resistant to TMV and the application of biotechnology were reviewed. The suggestions on developing efficiently the tobacco varieties resistant to TMV were put forward.

  Detection of Essential Oils from Pogostemon Cablin by GC-MS Liu Zhihua, Zhou Deying 2009, 25 (16):  95-98.  Abstract + ( 1281 )   PDF ( 491597KB )   ( 816 ) Abstract [Objective] To set up the method of detecting the essential oils from Pogostemon cablin and establish the quantitative determination on Pogostemon cablin content. [Method] The essential oil was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively on GC-MS instrument. For controlling the quality, GC fingerprint of Pogostemon cablin was set up by using GC-MS. [Result] Nine compounds including patchouli alcohol and pogostone were identified among 19 main peaks in three samples sold in the market.[Conclusion] The fingerprint can help distinguish the quality and assess the differences of Pogostemon cablin in various areas in China.

  林业科学

  Research of the effect on the physical properties of Different“Conversion of Farmland to Forest”Practices Zhao Yan, Yang Yue, Sun Baoping, Guo Jianying, Zhou Wenyuan 2009, 25 (16):  99-105.  Abstract + ( 1399 )   PDF ( 661921KB )   ( 879 ) The full implementation of Gansu Dingxi forests the past 10 years, has achieved remarkable results. In this paper, key areas of returning farmland to forest stability Dingxi City area as an example, through the collection, field surveys, sampling and laboratory analysis, comparative study of different vegetation types with returning control to (agricultural land and natural grassland) of soil physical properties changes. Including soil water content, bulk density, soil porosity, soil water-stable aggregates structure. The results show that: the natural grassland and highest water content of Tamarix were 13.44% and 13.52%. Apricot of farmland and water content as low as 8.01% and 8.2% respectively. 0-60cm soil layer in different caragana little change in bulk density and the smallest, the largest changes in upper and lower fields. 20-60cm in returning farmland to forests and the porosity is higher than the natural grassland and agricultural land, natural grassland and farmland non-capillary porosity changes in small and large up and down is not conducive to soil infiltration. Robinia pseudoacacia, Caragana, Tamaricaceae of water-stable aggregates the content of most agricultural fields were 3.4,2.8 and 2.4 times. After returning farmland to forest, woodland soil physical properties have been significantly improved, and agricultural land and natural grassland as compared to black locust, improved Peashrub best. Therefore, returning farmland to forest areas during the recovery process of vegetation to the soil depth understanding of local environmental characteristics, so the light of local conditions, appropriate and suitable tree.

  Review of Study on Forest Certification System — the Necessity of Forestry Enterprises'Power Mechanism in the Implementation of Forest Certification Huang Xiaoling, Yang Jianzhou, Xie Zhizhong 2009, 25 (16):  106-111.  Abstract + ( 1149 )   PDF ( 520769KB )   ( 751 ) This paper review of study about major research areas and research directions on forest certification and the development of forest products trade in both at home and abroad. Meanwhile, it sums up the main methods and basic conclusions of related research. Review around the following issues: different countries’ and regions’ forest certification; the construction of forest certification system and its development trends; China’s forest certification standards’ construction ; the connection between forest certification and the development of trade in forest products. The study suggest that developed countries’ practical experience on forest certification on the sustainable development of trade in forest products has significant reference value in promoting China’s trade in forest products .That is , it is important to study the power mechanism of forestry enterprises’ implementation of forest certification from China’s forestry reality.

  Branching Patterns Variation of Leucaena leucocephala In Different Management Patterns Lin Yongming, Wang Daojie, Ge Yonggang, Yang Meiling 2009, 25 (16):  112-115.  Abstract + ( 1292 )   PDF ( 560894KB )   ( 686 )

  Genetic Diversity of Pinnus massoniana Populations in Gupeng, ShuilangGuangxi Li Zhihui, Chen Yi, Zhang Donglin, Yang Mohua ,Jiang Yi, Ding Guijie, Tan Xiaofeng 2009, 25 (16):  116-119.  Abstract + ( 1791 )   PDF ( 828090KB )   ( 696 ) Abstract: Genetic diversity of Pinus massoniana Lamb. （mass pine） populations were evaluated using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular technique. Amplification was conducted with 10 primers for 85 individuals selected from 2 populations. A total of 177 polymorphic were detected in Gupeng，The percentage of polymorphic marker (P) was 94.359%.The Shannon’s information index (I) and Nei’s gene diversity (h) were 0.4728 and 0.2765, respectively, A total of 168 polymorphic were detected in Shuilang.The percentage of polymorphic marker (P) was 94.38%.The Shannon’s information index (I) and Nei’s gene diversity (h) were 0.5190 and 0.3510,which indicated a high genetic diversity at species level. Gene differentiation coefficient among Gupeng groups was 0.0481 and 0.0363 among Shuilang,1gene flow of Gupeng groups was 9.8877, gene flow of Shuilang was 13.2643,which concluded that gene flow was not the factor for genetic differentiation among groups.

  Appraisal for Soil Fertiliy of Forestry Soil Polluted by Heavy Metals in Antimony Mine of Len-Shuijiang City Tong Fanngping, Long Yingzhong, Yi Jianxin, Yi Aiqin, Shi Wenfeng, Li Gui 2009, 25 (16):  120-122.  Abstract + ( 1502 )   PDF ( 599679KB )   ( 754 ) The fertility index of forestry soil polluted by heavy metals in antimony is appraised with improvement nemero index by selected pH, soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium.The result showed that the soil fertility in Lianmeng and Chang Longjie site is poor. The soil fertility in Qilipu site is general. The soil organic matter and available potassium is enrichment but available phosphorus is poor. The available nitrogen in Qilipu site is enrichment but the available nitrogen in site Lianmeng and Chang Longjie is very poor. The poor fertility is one of cause trees growth badness and low survive ratio.

  农艺科学

  Effect of Different Density on Yield and Population Growth Quality in Colored Rice Zhang Rongping,, Dai Hongyan, Cai Guangze, Ma Jun, Xiao Yong 2009, 25 (16):  123-127.  Abstract + ( 1240 )   PDF ( 612294KB )   ( 760 ) Yield and population growth quality of colored rice were studied under five different densities with two colored rice of black glutinous (Y4) and red japonica (Y5).The results indicated that the density influenced yield mainly by changing the number of effective panicles. The 4×104 plant/666.7m2 treatment had a significant lower yield than the other treatments. The treatment with a density from 12×104 ~ 16 ×104 plant/666.7m2 had a higher yield and effective tiller rate. It is concluded that properly increasing the density was beneficial to improve the yield and to construct the population growth quality of colored rice. The suitable density of Y4 and Y5 is respectively 12×104 plant/666.7m2 and 16 ×104 plant/666.7m2, moreover, the durability to density of Y5 is stronger than Y4.

  Studies on the influence of different harvest maturity to tobacco quality in Hongda Xie Lizhong,, Gan Jianxiong, Ye Zhiguo, Wang Chaoming 2009, 25 (16):  128-131.  Abstract + ( 1291 )   PDF ( 440944KB )   ( 659 ) Abstract: Maturity is the central element of tobacco quality, so appropriate harvest maturity is very important to tobacco quality of Hongda. After analysis and evaluation of raw tobacco with different harvest maturity, the results showed that no significant difference was in visual quality, balanced carbon and nitrogen metabolism and harmonious chemical composition were in 6-7 tenth yellow for lower tobacco leaves, 8-9 tenth yellow for middle tobacco leaves, and 9-10 tenth yellow for upper tobacco leaves, and similar results were in smoking quality.

  Research and Prospect of Dichogamy -two-line Breeding in Cotton Zhang Shengxi, Yi Wenkai, Li Tao, Wang Changan, Fu Yuankui 2009, 25 (16):  132-135.  Abstract + ( 1454 )   PDF ( 523212KB )   ( 630 ) Abstract: Based on research of dichogamy-two-line hybrid breeding in cotton for several years, this paper summed up the principle and method of dichogamy -two-line breeding in cotton. It was of characters of simple procedure, low cost and easy-selected combination of the characteristics of strong advantages. The advantages and usage prospects of dichogamy-two-line breeding were analyzed.

  植物生理科学

  Determination of Macro-and Trace-elements in Radix Codonopsis Cultivated in Fengxian,Shaanxi Province Cao Xiaoyan, Wang Zhezhi 2009, 25 (16):  136-138.  Abstract + ( 1373 )   PDF ( 499892KB )   ( 546 ) The macro-and trace-elements（iron, zinc, copper , Manganese, calcium, potassium, sodium and magnesium）in radix codonopsis were determined by FAAS assisted with microwave digestion procedure. The method is simple and convenient and has good repetition. The results showed that: Abundant macro-and trace-elements were detected in radix codonopsis. The contents of the 4 macro–elements were K (8166.7 ug/g) >Na (2562 ug/g)>Ca (2455.7 ug/g)> Mg (1762.7 ug/g). The contents of the 4 trace–elements were Fe (543.7 ug/g) >Zn (66.3 ug/g) >Mn (16.2 ug/g) >Cu(8.3 ug/g). The results will provide scientific datas for discussing the relationship between the contents of these elements in radix codonopsis and the medical effects.

  Effect of low temperature on different type of maize Cao Ning, Zhang Yubin, Yan Fei, Yang Zhenming 2009, 25 (16):  139-141.  Abstract + ( 1570 )   PDF ( 1417057KB )   ( 814 ) Root growth, shoots and roots biomass of spring maize(Nongda 364, Xianyu 335) were investigated with a pot experiment simulating low temperature stress. The experiment results showed that low temperature restrained root surface, root volume and length of axile root. There was significant genotypic variation in total root length and lateral root length in response to low temperature stress. The result showed that low temperature stimulated lateral root growth of Nongda 364, but inhibited lateral root growth of Xianyu 335. Analysis of biomass indicated that low temperature stress increased root/shoot.

  土壤肥料科学

  The Effect of Nitrogen Optimized Management Method on Grain Quality of Winter Wheat Zhao Rongfang,, Cao Ning, Cui Zhenling, Chen Xinping 2009, 25 (16):  142-145.  Abstract + ( 1289 )   PDF ( 532831KB )   ( 589 ) Abstract: The field experiment was conducted to study the Effect of nitrogen optimized management method on Grain Quality of Winter Wheat. The main results were as follows: There was no significant differences in the winter wheat grain yield between optimized N supply rate (90+30) and other N supply treatments (Soil Nmin + N Fertilizer). Gross protein and gluten contents of winter wheat grain of optimized N supply rate (90+30) was significantly higher than that of highest N supply rates (150+90), but there was no significant differences compared with other nitrogen supply rates. Nitrogen optimized management method with the aim of high yield, high efficiency of nutrient resource and friendly environment effect got excellent grain quality of winter wheat.

  Effects of Potassium in the Different Soil Types on the Factors of Yields Formation of the Strong Gluten Flour Wheat Sun Bin, Cao Wenmei, Wang Yingjun, Wang Xizhi, Pei Ruijie, Chao Jianli, Wang Liqiu, Liu Songtao, Wang Lihe 2009, 25 (16):  146-149.  Abstract + ( 1310 )   PDF ( 503496KB )   ( 520 )

  Studies on Effects of Controlled-release BB Fertilizer on Soil Enzymes Activities during Watermelon Growing Period Jing Dawei,, Yang Guanghuai, Ma Wenli, Liu Chunsheng 2009, 25 (16):  150-152.  Abstract + ( 1355 )   PDF ( 511322KB )   ( 527 ) Abstract: In this paper, the field experiments were carried out to study the effects of controlled-release BB fertilizer applied on soil enzymes activities during different growth stages of watermelon. The results showed with the application of controlled-release BB fertilizer, the activities of soil urease, neutral phosphatase and sucrose were better than conventional fertilizer treatment because of the significantly controlled release effects of the controlled-release BB fertilizer.

  Analysis on the Soil Nutrition and Strategy on the Planting in NanPing Areas of Fujian 2009, 25 (16):  153-155.  Abstract + ( 1253 )   PDF ( 390651KB )   ( 711 ) Abstract : The nutrients in 159 soil samples collected from tobacco-growing areas in Nanping of Fujian provinces were analyzed．The results showed that most soils texture was caly loam or loam or sandy loam, the average soils pH value was 5.59±0.31, 38.99% of the average soils pH value is less than 5.5；the high soil organic matters and available nitrogen were found，the average contents of soils organic matters was34.86±7.88 g/kg， alkalihydrolyzable N was188.3±40.0 mg/kg，49.69%of the average contents of soils organic matters was over 35 g/kg； the average contents of soil available P was36.5±27.2 mg/kg，35.85% of the average contents of soil available P was lower than 20 mg/kg；the results showed that soil available K was so low，the average buffer available　K、available K was362.8±241.0 mg/kg ，62.3±31.4mg/kg，respectively,　only 1.26% of soil available K was over 150mg/kg.The fertilization suggestion of controlling N， increasingPand K were recommended. For acid soil , application of lime was recommended.

  The Research Development of Silicon Nutrition and Fertilizer Application in Rice 2009, 25 (16):  156-160.  Abstract + ( 1349 )   PDF ( 551061KB )   ( 1307 ) Silicon is one of useful nutritional ingredients for growth of Rice and has important influence on yield and quality of it. Analyzing current situation of studying silicon nutrition and fertilizer, this paper summaries the research works on capacity for supply silicon of soil and reasons to add silicon, silicon uptake properties of rice, physiological effects of silicon fertilizer, impacts of silicon on Rice Production, and these indicate silicon play an important role in rice nutrition.

  园艺园林科学

  Effect of temperature stress on Photosynthesis in Myrica rubra leaves Shao Yi, Ye Wenwen, Xu Kai 2009, 25 (16):  161-166.  Abstract + ( 1450 )   PDF ( 804549KB )   ( 909 ) Photosynthetic and respiratory rates of different waxberry varieties (“Biqi” and “Dongkui” under low temperature stress (2℃ and 10℃) and high temperature stress (35℃ and 40℃) were determined by using an oxygen electrode. The results showed that net photosynthetic rate of Myrica rubra leaves reduced markedly when compared to control one (25℃) as the temperature stress being severer, while respiratory rate increased accordingly. Neither net photosynthetic rate nor respiratory rate came back to natural level while the Myrica rubra leaves freed from temperature stress. Besides, studies on photosynthetic and respiratory rates under different temperatures (2, 10, 35 and 40℃) of NaHCO3 solution also showed the similar results. It proved that temperature played important role in Photosynthesis of Myrica rubra leaves.

  Effect of Jasmonic Acid and Methyl Jasmonate on the Plant Development and Resistance Li Hongli,, Sun Zhenyuan, Zhao Liangjun, Han Lei, Ju Guansheng 2009, 25 (16):  167-172.  Abstract + ( 1931 )   PDF ( 634809KB )   ( 1178 ) The jasmonic acid and jasmonates (JAs) in plants are a group of newly recognized endogenous substances．This paper reviews its physiological functions from several aspects, including its biosynthetic pathway, the effect on plant development and drought, salt, disease resistance．Meanwhile, the relationship of JAs with stomatal movements, plant metabolism and other hormones such as ABA，SA，Ethylene is also introduced.

  Study of the difference on Strawberry Growth and physiology(Fragaria ananssa Duch) of different AM Fungi Yin Baozhong, Liu Xuejing, Gao Feng, Zhen Wenchao, 2009, 25 (16):  173-176.  Abstract + ( 1658 )   PDF ( 532237KB )   ( 767 ) In order to investigate more information on the effects of AM fungi on the strawberry growth and physiology, this test adopt the method of potted plant, and used six inoculation treatment，take the plant in natural environment as the control(CK), to analyze the effect of different AM fungi on the growth of strawberry. The results showed that all the growth target have different degrees improvement , comparing with CK treatment after the strawberry root was infected by the six of AM fungi, and the activity of root also increased significantly; Early of treatment, it was declined on a certain degree for PAL and POD , and then began to show the situation of increasing significantly compared with CK treatment ; Inoculated fungi can enhance the content of chlorophyll b and carotenoid significantly, but only a little effect on total chlorophyll. Compared with different inoculation treatment, we think the effect of Glomus mosseae on growth-promoting of strawberry was most obvious. treatment ; Inoculated fungi can enhance chlorophyll b and carotenoid content significantly, but only a little effect on total chlorophyll. Compare with different inoculation treatment, we think Glomus mosseae is the best AM fungi on strawberry growth and physiology.

  Leaf Epidermal Characters of 6 Species in Peucedanum and its Taxonomic Significance , 2009, 25 (16):  177-180.  Abstract + ( 1021 )   PDF ( 4159471KB )   ( 660 ) Leaf epidermis of 6 species in Peucedanum from China were examined under light microscopy. They are reported for the first time.The microscopic observation showed that: imperatorin (P.praeruptori) stomatal only lies under the skin, red imperatorin (P.rubricaule), Songpan imperatorin (P.songpanens), long imperatorin (P.turgeniifolii) Dianxi imperatorin (P.delavayi) and the sharp thorns imperatorin (P.elegans) leaves both sides epidermal stomata; Stomatal types are irregular in shape; upper and lower epidermal cell shape or irregular polygons; anticlinal walls pattern can be divided into nearly straight, wavy shallow and deep wavy. Stomatal density and stomatal index is the difference between the species. Therefore, the type of crystals in epidermal cells and some distinct characters varies obviously with species, in particular among species allies.

  Studies on method of culturation in vitro of Nephrolepis exaltata Si Liang, You Haibo 2009, 25 (16):  181-183.  Abstract + ( 1227 )   PDF ( 472073KB )   ( 707 ) using the stem apex of the stolon of Nephrolepis exaltata as explants ,It shows that the most appropriate induction culture medium is MS +BA0.5mg/L,the ratio of induction is 90%.The most appropriate secondry culture medium is MS+BA0.7mg/L，multiplication coefficient was to be 7.2；The most appropriate roots-planting culture medium is 1/2MS + IBA 0.2mg/L + 1.0% Ac,and the rooting rate is up to 100%.

  Hops root transplanting tissue culture experiments Research Wang Rong, Yan Chunxia 2009, 25 (16):  184-186.  Abstract + ( 1537 )   PDF ( 451733KB )   ( 602 ) Abstract: The sixth generation of hops used in vitro were used to study the differentconcentrations of auxin, medium nutrients and carbon sources of glucose concentration on in vitro rooting of the effects of transplanting. The results show that the IBA concentration of 0.05mg / L is best to take root; not rooted in the culture medium B5(substantial) + MS (micro-, organic matter), the Organization of substantial inhibition leggy; when the medium glucose concentration of 15%, seedling the rooting rate and the highest survival.

  Control Experiments of Aphamosligma jarsuine of Cuiguan Pear Covered with Bagging Fei Fang, Wang Chunmei 2009, 25 (16):  187-189.  Abstract + ( 1230 )   PDF ( 451945KB )   ( 793 ) Aphamosligma jarsuine on cuiguan pear was controlled by pirimicarb 50% ultrafine WP at 3000x dilution, in which three group treatments, I: spraying the aphicide at 3d before bagging, 25d and 48d after bagging; II: spraying the aphicide at 3d before bagging and 25d after bagging; III: praying the aphicide at 3d before bagging and 48d after bagging,were conducted. The results showed that treatment I was the best performance. This method was worth being extended.

  A study of hydroponic culture on Cattleya hybrida Zhang Yuping, Qiu Jie, Chen Jinhua 2009, 25 (16):  190-193.  Abstract + ( 1371 )   PDF ( 497150KB )   ( 631 ) In this paper Cattleya hybrida was used as the main test material to study the technology of hydroponic culture. With different concentrations of 1-naphthlcetic acid (NAA) treatment to induce aquatic root system, the aim was to choose the best concentration of NAA. After the water-cultivated-root growed, different nutrient solutions (clear water, 1/4MS, Hoagland solution and the KC nutrition) were used to culture the plantlet of Cattleya hybrida in order to find suitable nutrient solutions to promote Cattleya hybrida growth and development. During the culture of Cattleya hybrida, the other aim was how to prevent root rot of Cattleya hybrida. The results showed that lower concentrations NAA could promote water-cultivated-root to grow, the best concentration of NAA was 5mg/L for the induction of root. The reasons causing root rot were that plants could not inhale enough oxygen, the NAA concentration was too higher, or the algae growth. Not using Pharmacy, reducing the concentration of NAA, or changing water usually would prevent root rot. KC nutrition was a better nutrition for Cattleya hybrida.

  植物保护科学

  Progress in the Studies on Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides Microbial Remediation 2009, 25 (16):  194-200.  Abstract + ( 1486 )   PDF ( 569780KB )   ( 1154 ) Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides are major kinds of practically used pesticide, and their residues do great damage to natural organisms, environments. Microbial remediation technology because of its high efficiency and green solution to pesticide contamination has become an important technology in agriculture. In this paper, the progress of microbial remediation for the pyrethroid pesticide waste in the environment was reviewed, its advantages and disadvantages of the microbial remediation was analysed. In addition, the current situation of Bacillus thuringiensis formulations to be used in micro-bioremediation of pesticide residues was also discussed.

  The Classification of Some Species of Rice in Heilongjiang Province Based on the Its Resistance to the Blast Song Chengyan, Wang Guiling, Liu Naisheng, Zhou Xuesong 2009, 25 (16):  201-205.  Abstract + ( 1391 )   PDF ( 487521KB )   ( 635 ) Abstract: In order to utilize the resource of the rice in Heilongjiang Province resisting against the rice blast, we classified some japonica rice cultivars of Heilongjiang province according to the resistance to the blast using 7 stable pathogenicity Japanese strains. We inferred genetic types of parts of the species of the rice based on the analysis of their reactions to the comparison of 12 differential strains. As a result, we classified 141 rice cultivars into 39 ones, and primarily inferred the genetics types of 60 species, which has provided the cultivars with resistance source and paved the basement for carrying out the analysis on the resistance of the rice to the blast.

  Changes of Related Defense Enzyme Activity in Resistance to Melon Powdery Mildew Zhao Guangwei, Xu Yongyang, Xu Zhihong, Zhang Jian, Kong Weihu 2009, 25 (16):  206-209.  Abstract + ( 1535 )   PDF ( 590720KB )   ( 813 ) The changes of related defense enzyme activity in the resistant reaction to melon powdery mildew were studied through determined the activity of POD, CAT, PPO after artificial inoculation. The results showed that activity of POD, CAT, PPO had no obvious difference between resitant and susceptible control.The three kind of enzyme activity all increased compared with their control after inoculation. CAT activity of resistant variety was higher than susceptible variety. POD activity is opposite. PPO activity of resistant variety was higher than susceptible variety until five days after inoculation.

  Study on the Control Effects of the Mixture of Emamectin Benzoate and Enspray against Ectropis Obliqua Warren or Acaphylla Theae Walt. Liu Shuangdi, Chen Chunfen, Pan Jiushun 2009, 25 (16):  210-214.  Abstract + ( 1238 )   PDF ( 1141290KB )   ( 592 ) Abstract：【Objective】Study on the control effects of the mixture of Emamectin Benzoate and Enspray against Ectropis obliqua warren or Acaphylla theae walt. 【METHOD】To do the Comparison Experiment by using two kinds of mixture ,3000 times Emamectin Benzoate and 300 times Enspray,2500 times Emamectin Benzoate and 250 times Enspray,and using two kinds of agricultural chemicals,1000 times ethion and 1000 times dimethoate,before the High Day for the second generation of Ectropis oblique and the first peak of Acaphylla theae walt in the north of Guangxi province.【RESULTS】The Control Effects of the two kinds of mixture against Ectropis obliqua on 2st,7rd,40th days later: 82.46%~87.78%,93.95%~97.36%,83.33%~88.39%. And the control effects of the two kinds of agricultural chemicals against Ectropis obliqua on 2st,7rd: 81.78%~76.32%,77.97%~75.45%.the number of worms 30th later is as same as before using the chemicals. The control effects of the two kinds of mixture against Acaphylla theae walt on 2st,21th,40th days later: 85.15%~89.13%, 96.91%~98.70%,93.84%~95.59%. And the Control Effects of the two kinds of agricultural chemicals against Acaphylla theae walt on 2st,21th: 90.07%~71.81%,35.35%~31.17%.the number of worms 30th later is as same as before using the chemicals.[CONCLUSION] the Mixture of Emamectin Benzoate and Enspray have good control effects and long lasting time against Ectropis obliqua warren or Acaphylla theae walt,and can be extended on tea-Harmless production.

  Cold Resistant Screening of Tea Germplasm Resources Applied by Physiological Index of Leaves in Wintering Period Hong Yongcong, Wang Yu, Ding Zhaotang, Zhang Xinfu 2009, 25 (16):  215-218.  Abstract + ( 1294 )   PDF ( 555220KB )   ( 633 ) Abstract: Physiological index of leaves were analyzed and frozen injury in field were investigated, which were sampled from thirty specimens of tea germplasm resources proved to have a high index of leave anatomical structure. The results indicated that four indexes of those gemplasms varied significantly, including relative permeability of plasma (X1), content of soluble sugar (X2), content of soluble protein (X3) and frozen injury. The computing formula of physiological index of leaves (Y1) was made to be Y1 = 0.45X1 + 0.3X2 + 0.25X3. The stepwise regressive model of frozen injury index (Y2) was made to be Y2 = 2.799 + 0.050X1 - 0.401X2 - 1.850X3. Those germplasms could be clustered to three different groups, among which nineteen germplasms belonged to the first group and the second group were well-judged to have strong resistance to cold. The evaluation system built by physiological index of leaves could be used to identify cold resistance in period of young seedling, which could remarkably raise the efficiency in screening tea germplasm resources resistant to cold.

  生态农业科学

  Study on the Stratagem of Livestock development in Agricultural Hilly-red Soils Regions of Southern China , , 2009, 25 (16):  219-224.  Abstract + ( 1155 )   PDF ( 637900KB )   ( 1037 ) Though the animal husbandry in the southern hillside with red soil has been developed greatly with the improving of the science technology, the overall level was still on the low side and the restricting factors to development were still existed. The strategic stress was to develop ruminant husbandry in a great extent. The animal husbandry could be promoted by developing the forage-saving herbivore depend on the resource advantage, developing the distinctive husbandry products depend on the regional advantage, developing the science and technology, combining the resources exploiting and ecological protection, exploiting the developing model about farming-pastoral coupling, and so on.

  Preliminary study on eco-restoration effect of releasing suspension-feeding animal on west Wuli lake Meng Shunlong, Chen Jiazhang, Hu Gengdong, Qu Jianhong, Wu Wei, Fan Limin, Ma Xiaoyan 2009, 25 (16):  225-230.  Abstract + ( 1440 )   PDF ( 859269KB )   ( 774 ) Samples were collected once a month from March 27th to November 6th (8 times aggregately) from the water of west Wuli lake, released with suspension-feeding animal such as spiral shell (C. cathayensis), mussel (Hyriopsis cumingii), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Aristichys nobilis), a mode of eco-restoration method, and the water in east Wuli lake were sampled at the same time, as the control. Total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), CODMn and chlorophyll-a (Chla) in the samples were analyzed at laboratory and pH value, transparency (SD) and dissolved oxygen (DO) of water in the sampling locations were also monitored at the time of sampling, witch were used as main quality indexes for evaluation of effect of the eco-restoration method on purifying eutrophication water. Results showed that in the eight times of monitoring after releasing suspension-feeding animal in west Wuli lake, transparencies in west Wuli lake taken on a trend of increasing, and the mean value improved by 26.8%, with the biggest value of 60cm improved by 91.7%, compared with that of the background. Concentrations of total phosphorus in west Wuli lake decreased and the total phosphorus achieved the Ⅱclassification of environmental quality standard for surface water (GB3838-2002) at the time of March, April, May, June, July and November, accounting for 75% of the total monitoring times. Although total nitrogen belonged to the below Ⅴ classification of environmental quality standard for surface water (GB3838-2002), it decreased compared with that of the background. The comprehensive trophic state indexes (TLI(∑)) changed from the west Wuli lake being higher than the east Wuli lake before releasing suspension-feeding animal to the east Wuli lake being higher than the west Wuli lake after releasing suspension-feeding animal. So, releasing spiral shell, mussel, silver carp and bighead carp in eutrophic lake could improve transparency, reduce nitrogen, remove phosphorus effectively and make the degree of eutrophication decrease finally.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Vermicomposting of Combination of Crop Stem and Cow Dung by Eisenia foetida Chen Zeguang, Zhou Ying, Ma Xiong, Xu Weijia, Huan Xiajuan 2009, 25 (16):  231-236.  Abstract + ( 1164 )   PDF ( 593266KB )   ( 615 ) 【Objective】 In order to provide theoretical basis for making full use of crop stem (wheat stem and corn stem) and cow dung, a trail was conducted to estimate the Eisenia foetida growth and reproduction performance, physico-chemical index of the vermibed in the combinations of the residues .【Methods】 The crop stem and cow dung were combined by the C:N ratio of 20, 25, 30. Each pot include 100g air-dried residue and 8 ind worm, which were sampled at 15d, 30d, 45d, 60d. Growth, reproduction performance and physico-chemical index were determined. 【Result】 The results indicated that individual weight, growth rate, reproduction rate declined with the growth. Growth index had difference among period, C:N ratio and combination（P < 0.05）. Total number of worms increased at first, then declined. Reproduction rate had difference among different C:N ratio（P < 0.05）. TOC and C:N ratio declined with the growth, but TKN increased with the growth, all of them had difference between period, combines and C:N ratio（P < 0.05）.【Conclusion】 Growth and reproduction performance and physico-chemical index had difference between period, combinations and C:N ratio（P < 0.05）.

  Preliminary Study on Characteristics of Phosphorus Losses from Rice Fields ,Zhang Wei, , Ai Shaoying,, Yao Jianwu,, Li Mengjun,, Yang Lijuan 2009, 25 (16):  237-243.  Abstract + ( 1132 )   PDF ( 1088903KB )   ( 821 ) Four in-situ experiments were conducted to investigate the runoff loss characteristic of nitrogen and phosphorus in typical rice fields in Guangdong province, South China under the condition of natural rainfall. The results showed that conventional-fertilization treatment (F) affected insignifcantly (p > 0.05) the runoff loss of phosphorus in comparison with F0. The majority of formation of phosphorus runoff loss was particulate phosphorus (pp).

  The research of the effect on wild soybeans to concentration of ions in saline soil 2009, 25 (16):  244-249.  Abstract + ( 1184 )   PDF ( 826840KB )   ( 601 ) Using saline soil and wild soybean as object, the amount of N of wild soybeans’ root, stalk and seed and N, Na+,K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,Cl-,HCO3-,SO42-and CO32-in the soil was measured. The research discussed what effect the wild soybean would produce to saline soil. The results showed that the amount of N in saline soil would be validly increased by planting wild soybean in the saline soil at pot. In the terms of flower and harvest, the amount of N in the soil was more 98 and 113% than that in the uncultured saline soil. The amount of ions in the soil with dissolving water and its sum were decreased by planting wild soybean in the saline soil at the pot. In the term of harvest, the amount of Na+,Cl-,HCO3-and SO42- in the soil at the pot was less 95.2,85.3,47.6 and 95.5% respectively than that in the uncultured saline soil; the sum amount of water-solubility saline ions in the soil was less 90.5% than that in the uncultured saline soil. It would produce the effect of meliorating saline soil at the pot. In the term of harvest, the over ground biology quantity of the wild soybean was very large and wild soybean would grow in every salinity of the term of growing. It would make the saline soil be covered with plants

  Development of a Method for Determination of Fipronil Residue in Cereal and Soil Zhao Xiaoning, Tang Feng, Tang Jun, Hua Rimao 2009, 25 (16):  250-254.  Abstract + ( 1178 )   PDF ( 1097917KB )   ( 827 ) A method was developed to analysis residue of fipronil in cereal and soil. After acetonitrile was added, the samples were sonicated in an ultrasonic water bath and then centrifuged, filtered, and cleaned up by a column containing neutral alumina and active carbon, successive eluted by ethyl acetate /n-hexane (3:5，V/V). The pesticide residues were determined by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Recoveries at spiked concentrations between 0.01 to 0.5mg/kg were 80.60%~99.66% with RSDs less than 9%.The limit of detection was 0.01mg/kg. The sensitivity and accuracy of the proposed method were fit for analysis of pesticide residue in cereal and soil.

  The Study of Organization Concerning the Protecting Program for Biodiversity in Weifang Liu Zhanglu, Zhao Lanyong, Wu Xiangchun, Qi Haiying 2009, 25 (16):  255-258.  Abstract + ( 1639 )   PDF ( 495334KB )   ( 790 ) As the global environmentanl situation has become gradually worse and human being’s sense of environment protection has been strengthened, the significant function of biodiversity in aspect of environmental protection receives more and more concern, the protecting work of biodiversity has been carried out in global scope. The author based on the geographic and climatic conditions, economic development state as well as the current situation of biodiversity in Weifang, Shandong, works out a kind of protecting program for biodiversity, following the relevant laws and regulations in the field. This thesis carries out the full-scale systematic introduction to this protecting program for biodiversity.

  Effects of Climatic Factors On The Land Desertification In Liaocheng Liu Zizheng, Liu Ziting,, Zhang Wenjuan, Zhang Baohua, Tang Qingxin, Zhang Jinping 2009, 25 (16):  259-262.  Abstract + ( 1476 )   PDF ( 533230KB )   ( 675 ) By using the data of the third desertfication investficatiom and monitoring planning of Shandong province and corresponding climatic data during 1960～2005 of Liaocheng, this paper analysed climate factor’s feature and its impacts on land desertfication. The results of this study are as follow: (1) The land desertfication of Liaocheng is highly associated with the change of climatic factors. Land desertfication positively correlated with temperature and wind speed and days, and had complex relationship with the amounts of precipitation and evaporation. (2) Compared with other seasons, spring, with high temperature, low precipitation, high evaporation and strong wind, is the main factor influencing land desertfication in Liaocheng.

  Study on Chinese Agricultural EKC: Evidence from Fertilizer 2009, 25 (16):  263-267.  Abstract + ( 1294 )   PDF ( 484208KB )   ( 904 ) 【OBJECTIVE】on account of evolution of the relationship between Chinese agricultural economic development and environment, this paper Carries out an EKC research to find evidence of an inverse U-shaped relationship between economic growth and fertilizer use. 【METHOD】By using nonlinear regression method, this paper analyzes fertilizer, population and agricultural output value (AOV) data from 1952 to 2007 year in China.【RESULTS】The result shows that, there is not only an inverse U-shaped relationship between per capita fertilizer use and per capita AOV in China, but also total fertilizer use. Moreover, there is a turning point between per capita fertilizer use and per capita AOV in most provinces of China. That means, there is a downward tendency of Chinese fertilizer use in all. The fertilizer use in some provinces, however, will increase for period of time.【CONCLUSION】On the whole, The tendency towards growth of fertilizer use has, basically, been arrested. The basic reason is the change of people’s consuming behavior and agricultural mode of production.

  Climate Risk and Dealing Measures for Large Scale Sugarcane Planting in North Boundary Climatic Transition Zone of Liuzhou Zhang Lingyun, Li Jiawen 2009, 25 (16):  268-272.  Abstract + ( 1185 )   PDF ( 613058KB )   ( 630 ) Through analysis the advantages and disadvantages conditions of sugarcane growth climatic resources and the climate risk of frost， drought and flood in Rongan county, which belong to sugarcane north boundary climatic transition zone in Liuzhou city. The paper Propose climate dealing measures for large scale development sugarcane production in Rongan county, demonstrates the feasibility of large scale sugarcane planting in Rongan county, through making good use of special mountain climate resources and material and human resources to avoid unfavorable factors.

  热带农业科学

  Evaluation of three protein extraction methods for Hevea brasiliensis C-serum suitable for 2-DE Li Dejun, Yan Jie, Deng Zhi, Chen Chunliu, He Peng, Wu Min, Chen Shoucai 2009, 25 (16):  273-279.  Abstract + ( 1863 )   PDF ( 720876KB )   ( 887 ) Abstract: The C-serum is a major component of the latex, but there is no effective protein extraction method from the latex C-serum for 2-DE, which badly limits the utilization of the 2-DE on protein analysis of rubber tree. In this paper, three protein extraction methods were used to extract protein from the latex C-serum. Analyzing the protein yield and quality for the 2-DE, we systematically evaluated three protein extraction methods. As for protein yield, TCA/acetone method showed the highest protein yield (0.86 mg protein/ml C-serum), followed by E-TCA method (0.72 mg protein/ml C-serum) and phenol extraction method (0.66 mg protein/ml C-serum). On 2-DE gel from phenol extraction method, only 447 protein spots were detected with a dark background and considerable vertical and horizontal streaking. When the sample from E-TCA method was loaded, there were about 821 protein spots separated on the gel, and the gel showed less contamination. In contrast with phenol extraction method and E-TCA method, the TCA/acetone method indicated about 1052 protein spots with clear background and almost free of streaking on the 2-DE gel. In conclusion, the TCA/acetone method was more suitable for the latex C-serum protein extraction for 2-DE. To our knowledge, it is the first time that the protein extraction methods from the latex C-serum for 2-DE have systematically been reported, which is expected to accelerate the proteomic study of the latex C-serum.

  农业信息科学

  Advances in PKS-NRPS databases Yao Lin, Guo Donglin 2009, 25 (16):  280-283.  Abstract + ( 2353 )   PDF ( 477158KB )   ( 2764 ) Polyketides and nonribosomal peptides are extremely important classes of bioactive secondary metabolites, and controlled by PKS and NRPS. With the rapid development of bioinformatics, foreign NRPS-PKS database and prediction software has been introduced. This brief review will discuss some important NRPS-PKS databases and prediction software.

  Research of Visual Plant Growth Based on Open L—System Jiang Mingming, Zhao Xiaochun, Tang Te 2009, 25 (16):  284-287.  Abstract + ( 991 )   PDF ( 552624KB )   ( 877 ) In this paper we introduced a modeling method with Open L-System to simulate the development of plant．Based on the previous　structure model, after analyzing the morphology of plant and its environment, a virtual plant model considering its development and environmental function was constructed.

  农业工程科学

  Variability of Roughness Coefficient and Its Effect on Border Irrigation Performance Wang Weihan,, Jiao Xiyun, Zhu Yan,, Li Feng, 2009, 25 (16):  288-293.  Abstract + ( 1328 )   PDF ( 1426784KB )   ( 654 ) Abstract:【Objective】Roughness coefficient is one of the basic technical parameters in the design and management of surface irrigation system. The spatial variability and poor estimates of roughness coefficient can affect the evaluation and management of surface irrigation system. In this paper, the variability of roughness coefficient and its effect on border irrigation performance were studied. 【Method】The water advance and water depth along the 110m border strips were observed, then the roughness coefficient was calculated by numerical solution of Manning formula, the variability of roughness coefficient and its effect on border irrigation performance were analyzed. 【Result】The results indicate that the average roughness coefficient of bare land is 0.038, its variation degree is moderate. The simulation results for 26 border strips indicate that the biggest relative error of application efficiency and distribution uniformity are 6.48% and 66.67% separately, in which the average and actual roughness coefficient are adopted. 【Conclusion】Therefore the variability of roughness coefficient is not ignored in the actual design and management of surface irrigation.

  水产渔业科学

  Study on toxicity and chilling sensitivity of flounder Paralichthys olivaceus embryos microinjected cryoprotants Wu Pengfei,, Ding Hao, Tian Yongsheng, Chen Songlin 2009, 25 (16):  301-308.  Abstract + ( 1269 )   PDF ( 847683KB )   ( 738 ) Abstract ：The cryopreservation of fishes embryos has not reached an applicational level.The main reason is the characteristics of fishes embyros, such as big physical volume, the bad permeability of vitelline membrane, etc, which casued that traditional techniques for the incorporation of cryoprotectants could not make the cyroprotectants come into the inner part of embryos sufficiently and cryoprotectants could not protect embryos effectively. But the method microinjection which was used to incorporate cryoprotectants into the yolk sac of fishes embryos, could offset the shortage of traditional methods to some extent and raise the protection degree of cryoprotectants to embryos. Several factors relating to cryopreservation of flounder Paralichthys olivaceus embryos by vitrification were studied: cryoprotectants, microinjection volumes of cryoprotectants, microinjection concentration of cryoprotectants,and the cooling sensitivity of embryos after being microinjected were analyzed. From the results, it indicated that, 1, the becoming microinjection volume was 750pl. 2, the toxicity of five single-agent cryoprotectants sequenced as follows PVP>Sucrose，DMSO>MeOH>PG, among these cryoprotectants, the embyros injected with PG got the highest survival rate and hatching rate, with PVP got the lowest, however, there was a cryoprotectant mixture PM, its toxicity was much lower than PG and the embyros injected with it got higher survival rate and hatching rate than with PG. The toxicity of cryoprotectans increased as the concentration of its increased.3, the survival rate of embryos microinjected with 6M PM was 25.07±1.57% after being coolled in -20℃ for 10 minutes by programmed cooling method, whenas ,the survival rate of controls dealt with five steps balance method was 20.88±2.84%, which indicated that the chilling sensitivity of embryos with microinjection decreased.

  农村能源科学

  Analysis on Development Prospects of Castor Industrialization in Our Country Zhang Yan，Qiao Jinyou 2009, 25 (16):  316-319.  Abstract + ( 1277 )   PDF ( 482552KB )   ( 1166 ) Abstract: This paper analyzed that the ascendency potential,existing foundation, advantage and development prospects on castor industrialization development.Strategies and suggestions of development prospect on castor industrialization in our country could be recommended. Itcould provide reference and quotation on decision of the government ,tapping the new resources of energy crop in strengthen , realizing the development of castor industrialization , foreign exchange through exports , increasing income for agriculture , increasing benefit for agriculture farmers,improving the ecological environment.

  休闲农业

  Study on Constructing the admittance and evaluation standard of Farm Inn in Hebei province Kang Xiaomei, Qin Anchen, Jia Zhe, Yang Huijuan, Peng Yurong 2009, 25 (16):  320-323.  Abstract + ( 1204 )   PDF ( 829664KB )   ( 998 ) The farm inn of Hebei province develops rapidly, in one hand it promotes economic development, in another hand it also brings negative influence of tourism industry in Hebei province. Regulating the operation of farm inn is the urgent task of tourism development in our province. Based on searching and learning the farm inn standards which operated in other provinces, we have put forward the admittance requirements and constructed the evaluation standard of farm inn in our province. In order to providing a useful reference to farm inn of Hebei province, ensure it can development sustainablely and healthyly.

  三农问题研究

  Calculating basic public services gap between urban and county and analyzing on equalization technology roadmap: a case of Fujian 2009, 25 (16):  324-331.  Abstract + ( 1256 )   PDF ( 2012824KB )   ( 446 ) Service gap and population mobility are very important factors to promote equalization of urban and rural basic public services. This paper discusses the effect of increase of population mobility on equalization of urban and rural basic public services on base of calculating and analyzing changes in gap of urban and rural public finance expenditure, basic education and medical services. Comparing technology roadmap of equalization objective of urban and rural basic services through population movement to public financial expenditure, the paper gives a suggestion of ensuring that every one can get lowest level public service by public financial expenditure and accelerating equalization process by population movement.

  The study on the influence of income on the milk consumption of urban residents in China 2009, 25 (16):  332-337.  Abstract + ( 1044 )   PDF ( 547955KB )   ( 803 ) The influences of income on milk consumption of urban residents was studied based on the summarize of the characteristics of urban residents at present. The results were: income is the major factor that effects the milk consumption of urban residents, the higher the income was, the higher the consumption of urban residents. At the same time, the milk expenditure increased with the per capita disposable income. The milk consumption of income elasticity of demand is the highest among the husbandry foods.

  Analysis of the Establishing Modes about Rural Technological Cooperative 2009, 25 (16):  338-342.  Abstract + ( 1115 )   PDF ( 466893KB )   ( 625 ) Through summarizing about the establishing ways about rural technological cooperative in our country, the author sums up establishing modes about rural technological cooperative which include technology talent, pooling of technology, technical backstopping, leading enterprise. On the basis of contrast and analysis these modes, the author proposes that we should guide and support in the government, keep the farmers remaining dominant, support by science and technology, bond with benefit in rural technological cooperative. We should vigorously establish and develop rural technological cooperative in our country.

  Current our country village government difficult position and strategy inquisition LI Wen_Zheng 2009, 25 (16):  343-347.  Abstract + ( 1306 )   PDF ( 507891KB )   ( 701 ) Presently, our country village government faces the village economy development condition not to be good, the village relations administration, the county township relations benefit, the village culture is poor and weak, the villagers autonomous system urgently awaits to consummate, farmer benefit expression machine-made flaw, village society non-organization phenomenon still serious and so on difficult positions. Therefore, should construct the management service villages and towns government positively, promotes the village society to govern the main body the benign interaction, the reconstruction county territory public service system, the display village commission's organization function, takes the society autonomously in the village government positive role, the deepened public finance organizational reform, the strengthened county level financial resource, develops the village economic organization labor services exporting, cultivates the village cornerstone.

  Research on the model of China's government supporting Farmer professional cooperatives 2009, 25 (16):  348-352.  Abstract + ( 1254 )   PDF ( 496343KB )   ( 880 ) In order to promote the development of farmer professional cooperatives in our country, China's government departments at all levels have taken a variety of support,including direct government support model, indirect government support model and "direct + Indirect " government support mode. Although this three models have played an important role in the development of farmer specialized cooperatives,there are still some problems which can 't be ignored.So lots of research on implementation and optimization of these models need to be done.

  Research on the Development of Agriculture in China from 1978 to 2008 Ⅲ．Experiences 2009, 25 (16):  353-356.  Abstract + ( 1237 )   PDF ( 485107KB )   ( 557 ) 30 years of reform and opening up, China agricultural development has scored great achievements, and at the same time, accumulated a wealth of historical experience. According to comprehensive inspecting on the agricultural development of china from 1978 to 2008, the paper has concluded and outlined the 10 very important experiences in the development agriculture of China, which has an important reference value and guidance significance for sustainable development of China agriculture at new stage of new century.