Current issue

• 2010 Vol.26 No.11 Published:05 June 2010

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  Clone and Prokaryotic Expression of Porcine Interferon-α1 Gene Yang Yongsheng1, Chen Chunhua2, Song Qinye1, Zuo Yuzhu1 2010, 26 (11):  1-6.  Abstract + ( 1117 )   PDF ( 742770KB )   ( 1158 ) Abstract：A pair of specific primer for porcine interferon-alpha1 (poIFN-α1) was designed and synthesized according to gene sequence (EU364896), and poIFN-α1 gene was amplified by RT-PCR from peripherals blood lymphocytes (PBLC) of ternary hybrid piglet.Then poIFN-α1 complete gene was cloned into pGEM-T vector and sequenced. Moreover, poIFN-α1 gene with enzyme sites was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-6P-1 to construct recombinant expression plasmid pGEX-6P-poIFN-α1 and transform it into E.coli BL21 (DE3). Recombinat poIFNα1 was expressed and identified with expression conditions confirmed. The analysis of sequence indicated that the cloned poIFN-α1gene consisted of 546 bp encoding 181 aa with a signal peptide of 23 aa but without glycosylation site. The selected recombinant expressed approximately a 46 ku fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase (GST) and poIFN-α1 which was demonstrated by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The amount of fusion protein reached the highest when the recombinants were induced for 9 hours on 37℃ with 1.0 mmol/L IPTG. Clone and expression of poIFN-α1 gene laid a foundation for the study of antivirual activity and utilization of poIFN-α1.

  Genetic Diversity of microsatellite DNA among Nine Sheep Breeds Chang Shuang1, Liu Chousheng2, Lin Feng1, Qiu Xiaotian2, Han Xu2, Xu Limei3, Li 2010, 26 (11):  13-17.  Abstract + ( 1347 )   PDF ( 528801KB )   ( 989 ) Abstract: The genetic structure and genetic variation of 9 sheep population were analyzed by microsatellite marked method. A total of 137 alleles were detected, and the number of alleles varied from 7 to 23 and the number of effective alleles from 2.220 to 6.054.The average polymorphism information content varied from 0.473 to 0.746 ,and the average heterozygosity ranged from 0.513 to 0.782 respectively. Using Nei’s genetic distance and the UPGMA and the NJ method, 9 sheep population were classified into two categories.The clustering dendrograph drawn can reflected the geography distribution,the feature of genetic differentiation and genetic relationship among the 9 sheep population.

  Foundation of Predictive Model of Hybrid Yield Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with Effect-increasing and Effect-decreasing Loci of AFLP Zha Renming1, Sang Xianchun2, Zhao Fangming2, Ling Yinghua2, Luo Hongfa1, Li Yun 2010, 26 (11):  18-22.  Abstract + ( 1290 )   PDF ( 450135KB )   ( 1021 ) The positive, effect-increasing and effect-decreasing loci (PL, IL, DL), which were screened from the parental AFLP polymorphic loci (TL) by the yield traits of two sets of half-dialell mating crosses designed used 13 cytoplasmic male sterile lines and 19 restorers of rice, respectively, together with TL, were utilized to estimate parental genetic distances (GDs), and the models were founded to predict the traits of hybrids derived from different parents. The results were as follows: 1) PL occupied a few number of the TL, and its correlations between the predictive and authentic values of yield traits (termed as briefly predictive coefficient as following) were too low, as same as TL. 2) But The predictions by IL, DL or IL/DL (founding duality models) were increased significantly, e.g. the predictive coefficients were all above 0.6 such as IL for grain setting percentage, IL, DL or IL/DL for grain weight per plant, therefore, these models could be used as prophecy of rice breeding. 3) In addition, the predictions based on IL, DL or IL/DL from intersection of two sets of crosses were higher enough, four of which above 0.5, and was more suitable in molecular breeding due to less predictive loci required.

  Research Progress on Cloning and Translation of the Salt Resistance Genes in Rice Chen Yu, Yang Yanling, Xie Xiaofang, Ke Yuqin 2010, 26 (11):  23-27.  Abstract + ( 1256 )   PDF ( 527612KB )   ( 1654 ) Salinity is one of the factors which affect the growth and development of rice. At present, Soil salination, which followed with the industrialization progress, became one nodus in the rice breeding. In such situation, cloning genes of salinity resistance and raising transgenic rice of salinity resistance are the new methods for rice breeding. Transgenic rice with salinity resistance and new genes cloned recently were reviewed and its prosperity was also predicted here.

  A Comparative Study on Genomic DNA Extraction from Young Leaves of Dracaena cambodiana Pierre ex Gagnepain Dong Meichao1, Tang Yanqiong1, Mo Rao1,Yin Junmei2, Zhang Yingbo1, Chen Mei1, Li 2010, 26 (11):  28-31.  Abstract + ( 1558 )   PDF ( 1064480KB )   ( 1286 ) Abstract：To find a simple,rapid and effective total DNA extraction method for Dracaena cambodiana Pierre ex Gagnepain,four methods, CTAB、SDS、SDS-CTAB、Improved CTAB method,were compared.The total DNA was detected by agarose electrophoresis,Spectrophotometer and ISSR amplification.The result showed that the A260/A280 of total DNA extracted by the Improved CTAB method ranged from 1.7 to 1.9 with high-purity,low levels of impurity and good integrity.ISSR fragments amplified with DNA template extracted by Improved CTAB method showed clear bands,and good polymorphic,stability and repetition.The Improved CTAB method was effective for total DNA extraction Dracaena cambodiana Pierre ex Gagnepain,which was suitable for PCR amplification and other molecular biology researches.

  The Rapid Extraction of Rice Genomic DNA from Natural Dried Tissue Tian Yonghang, Luo Hongfa 2010, 26 (11):  32-35.  Abstract + ( 1447 )   PDF ( 524482KB )   ( 1185 ) After the alkali treatment for rice natural dried tissues, taking the alkaline leaching solution directly as a template for PCR amplification, the amplification results are stable, accurate, and are insignificantly different in comparison with the methods CTAB and SDS. The DNA extracted from natural dried rice flag leaf, leaf sheath ,culm ,glume husk and roots ,have good quality, and can meet with the SSR analysis.

  Acaricidal Activity of Extracts from Stellera chamaejasme against Tetranychus cinnabarinus Wang Wei1, Tong Baosheng2, Shi Guanglu1, Wang Younian1 2010, 26 (11):  36-39.  Abstract + ( 1291 )   PDF ( 501629KB )   ( 1096 ) The acaricidal effective of Stelera chamaejasme crude extracts desolved by petroleum either，methylene dichloride，chloroform，ethyl acetate，ethanol and methanol were evaluated against Tetranychus cinnabarinus.The LC50 value in the bioassay of contact toxicity were 3.2066 mg?mL-1，4.2477 mg?mL-1，5.5588 mg?mL-1，3.9356 mg?mL-1，5.9913 mg?mL-1，6.1026 mg?mL-1，which indicated the PE extracts was the best acaricide.But the PE extract’s corrected mortality of eggs，32.30 %，was the lowest of all. Chloroform extracts has the maximum mortality of 89.19 %(P?0.05)，while the four others’s were 72.90 %、86.89 %、69.72 %、61.53 %，respectively.

  rDNA Genetic Analysis of Rhizoctonia Solani CausingDamping-off of Carnation Chen Xiaobo1,2, Zhang Yunfeng2, Guan Huilin1, Zhou Tao2, Bi Yunqing3, Yang Banch 2010, 26 (11):  40-44.  Abstract + ( 1540 )   PDF ( 1478879KB )   ( 1323 ) This article determine pathogen in carnation which grows in Kunming is Rhizoctonia solani, after field investigation and sampling, indoor isolation, identification, separation of strain field and rDNA appraisal in separate strains. And compare with homology sequence, the results showed that the homology of different host regulatory bacteria homology, homology of minimum and maximum 98%, for 52%. From the homology analysis and the comprehensive analysis of the evolutionary tree, Rhizoctonia solani as a wider range of host pathogenic bacteria, its genome in the evolutionary process of mutation, relative mutual infection. Therefore, in the process of cultivation carnation, we should avoid planting crops in which genetics is relatively close before crop.

  Polyploid Induction of plant research summary Peng Jing1,2, Wei Yuerong2, Xiong Xinghua1 2010, 26 (11):  45-49.  Abstract + ( 1352 )   PDF ( 540667KB )   ( 2173 ) Abstract: In this paper, a large number of foreign-language literature available on plant polyploid breeding objectives and the status quo, a brief introduction of the characteristics of polyploid induction methods, and its implications for polyploid-induced around. Focuses on the method of induced polyploid, and pointed out that the problems in breeding and breeding in the future outlook.

  Chloroplast DNA polymorphism of dual purpose genic male sterile lines Ou Lijun1,2,3, Li Jinlong3, Tong Liang3, Liang Yunhao3, Yuan Yawei3 2010, 26 (11):  50-53.  Abstract + ( 989 )   PDF ( 781677KB )   ( 1008 ) The lengths of open reading frame (ORF)100 and ORF29-TrnCGCA, the intronic sequence of rps16 and the transcribed spacer of TrnTUGU-TrnLUAA in chloroplast of dual purpose genic male sterile line rice are studied using indica types and japonica types as controls. The results show that the lengths of ORF100 and ORF29-TrnCGCA in Zhu 1S, Lu 18S, Zhu 77S, H628S, 88S, Baitianlu S, G0543S, G03S, 1103S and W6154S are similar to those of typical indica, the others are similar to those of typical japonica. There are four special indica/japonica markers and the type of all dual purpose genic male sterile line rice based these special indica/japonica markers are same with the differentiation by ORF100 and ORF29-TrnCGCA. The materials such Zhun S, 810S, Zhongxin S, C185S and Peiai 64S those have japonica-type blood have more superiority than others based their quantity and quality of combination. Therefore, using dual purpose genic male sterile lines with japonica -type blood is an effective way to improve production of hybrid rice.

  Study On The Aromatic Constituents Comparison Of Tableland Tea And Old Plant Tea Of 9 Area Of Yunnan Zhou Bin1, Ren Hongtao1, Xia Kaiguo1, Zhang Jinsong1, Zhou Hongjie2 2010, 26 (11):  54-60.  Abstract + ( 1178 )   PDF ( 788301KB )   ( 1107 ) Abstrate:In this paper,the aromatic constituents of Tableland tea and Oldplant tea of 9 areas of Yunnan are collected ,which are analysed by GC-MS.We can get some results by comparing the quantity of the aromatic compounds through the Tableland teas、the Oldplant teas and between the Tableland teas and the Oldplant teas of 9areas of Yunnan. We find the quantity of the aromatic compounds is different ,and cant’s simply judge which one is better than others by the quantity of aromatic compounds.

  Progress of functional components of colour rice researches Ma Tingjun1, Ren Guixing2 2010, 26 (11):  61-66.  Abstract + ( 1269 )   PDF ( 808877KB )   ( 1444 ) This review introduces the concept of functional components of colour rice and summarizes the current research progress on this topic. The study was conducted to expose research of functional rice that posses health benefits, therapeutic values.We conclude that developing functional rice is becoming a hot research focus in the near future.

  Modification of chitosan nano-TiO2 composite membrane permeability of research Yuan Zhi1, Wang Mingli2, Wang Lijuan2, Lai Hong1, Wang Yacheng2, Li Xia1 2010, 26 (11):  67-72.  Abstract + ( 1114 )   PDF ( 830573KB )   ( 1113 )

  Effects of Yeast Dose and Fermentation Time on the Quality of Mantou Su Dongmin1, Hu Lihua1, Su Donghai2, Xin Xiulan2 2010, 26 (11):  73-77.  Abstract + ( 1345 )   PDF ( 1263090KB )   ( 1719 ) In this study, orthogonal experiment was carried on for analyzing effects of yeast dose(0.5%, 0.8% and 1.0%) and fermentation time(30, 40 and 50min) on the quality of Mantou. The result of sensory evaluation shows that sensory score is highest when yeast dose is 0.8% and fermentation time is 40min. It find from texture profile analysis that texture parameters come to culmination under this condition, and this verify the sensory evaluation results. Analysis of variance for results of sensory evaluation shows that neither is apparent. Range analysis taking into account interaction concludes that order of influence is firstly interaction, then fermentation time and last yeast dose. So, it need comprehensive consideration of the effects of yeast dose and fermentation time on the quality of Mantou in the practical production, in order to achieve maximum economic benefits.

  Study on the change rule with variance analysis of chemical component of tobacco in aging Yang Ruijia1,2, Chu Xiaoyan1,2, Wang Jianmin1, Jin Zhifu1 2010, 26 (11):  78-80.  Abstract + ( 1209 )   PDF ( 432602KB )   ( 835 ) Using the method of variance analysis, the change rule of chemical component of tobacco in aging was studied. The results showed that, with variance analysis, the significance of change of tobacco chemical component content in aging can be given, and the time area of fast and slow change can be distinguished. The variance analysis results showed that, in 16 kinds chemical components studied, 13 kinds had changed significantly in aging and their time area of fast change are usually than 18 months, these chemical components are the total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, protein, hydroxyproline, polyphenol, carotenoids, starch, pectin, volatile fatty acids, volatile alkaloid and pH.

  Determination and comparison of the basic nutritional components in four kinds of yellow rice wine Li Shuangmei 2010, 26 (11):  81-85.  Abstract + ( 1198 )   PDF ( 625266KB )   ( 1097 )

  Study on smoking quality and region difference of Puer flue-cured tobacco Li Xiangyang, Deng Yunlong, Deng Jianhua, Kong Guanghui, Zhang Xiaohai 2010, 26 (11):  86-91.  Abstract + ( 1134 )   PDF ( 453394KB )   ( 989 ) Puer flue-cured tobacco Smoking qualities were synthetically evaluated and analyzed by statistics. The conclusions were as follows: Aroma quantity, smoke concentration, physiological strength, after-taste, combustibility, ash color of lower leaves were consistent. Aroma quality, aroma quantity, undesirable taste, physiological strength, biting taste, combustibility, ash color of cutter leaves were consistent. Aroma quantity, physiological strength, biting taste, after-taste, combustibility, ash color of upper leaves were consistent. All of them were common sensing characters of Puer flue-cured tobacco. The smoking quality of Mojiang country Yutang village was best, and all smoking targets of upper leaves, cutter leaves, and lower leaves were preceding. The smoking quality of Ninger country Mengxian village and Zhenyuan country Jiujia village was in the next place.

  Changes of Photosynthetic Parameters in Leave of Fagopyrum dibotrys Mutants and Its Relation to Environmental Factors Lan Jinxu, Chen Caixia, Yang Nianwan, Xie Saiping, Li Ailian 2010, 26 (11):  92-98.  Abstract + ( 1235 )   PDF ( 737342KB )   ( 1016 ) The light response curve and diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate of different Fagopyrum dibotrys mutants bred by Co60γ irradiation was studied during rapid growth period for developing new germplasms by the Li-6400 portable photosynthetic system. The results showed that the red leaves and red stems had higher photosynthetic capacity under low light, but the green stem had higher photosynthetic capacity under high light; the diurnal net photosynthetic rate of three Fagopyrum dibotrys sunny day exhibited double-peak pattern, which was caused principally by stomatal limitation and midday depression were appeared; the diurnal net photosynthetic rate of green stem are higher than red stem and red leaves; light and higher temperature was main factor that affected the Fagopyrum dibotrys photosynthetic rate, red stem needs higher carbon dioxide concentration, but that suppress green stem and red leaves, and lower relative humidity was another factors affected red leaves photosynthetic rate. The researches indicated Fagopyrum cymosum mutants had lower photosynthesis capacity than original plants.

  Analysis of Grey Relational Degree on Starch Content of Mexico corn inbred line and their Characters Li Beiqi1, Wang Guiqiang1, Jin Yi2, Lu Yuncai1, Wu Yumei1, Li Sanxun1 2010, 26 (11):  99-102.  Abstract + ( 1377 )   PDF ( 418773KB )   ( 967 ) The grey relational degree between starch content and characters in CIMMYT Pob45, Pob46, Pob69, Pob70 was analyzed in this article. The grey relational degree order is ranged from maximum to minimum: ear weight> seeds of line>100-kernel weight>ear wide> ear length >Lines of ear. The corn starch mainly exists in the endosperm cell, but the endosperm weight occupies the corn grain over 90%.Therefore, a high-starch corn inbred would be chosen from the more seeds of line and heavy 100-kernel weight in breeding materials.

  Screening and utilization of high starch content sorghum Cheng Qingjun, Zhang Fuyao, Zhao Weijun, Chang Yuhui, Tian Chenghua, 2010, 26 (11):  103-106.  Abstract + ( 1199 )   PDF ( 398026KB )   ( 1038 ) 5 sterile lines, 16 restorer of sorghum and their hybrids were studied in this paper. Their starch contents were detected and analyzed. The result showed starch contents of sterile lines were 72.58%-77.84%, restorer were 72.33%-79.93%, hybrids were 74.66%-77.61%.The heterosis of the F1 hybrids on starch content was significant, and their starch contents were between two parents, starch contents of some hybrids were apt to high parent content, some were apt to low parent content, some were higher than high parent content, some were lower than low parent content. High starch content sorghum hybrids can be bred by high starch content parents.

  Value of Forest Ecosystem Services of Jiaozi Mountain Natural Reserve, China Zhang Zhijun, Tang Fanglin, Zhu Liyan, Li Baihang 2010, 26 (11):  107-112.  Abstract + ( 1415 )   PDF ( 774957KB )   ( 1245 ) Forest plays an important role as the main body of land ecosystem in global ecosystem. The research on forest ecosystem services evaluation has been the focus of discussion. In this paper, it was assessed the direct and indirect ecological service values, a case study of forest ecosystem in Jiaozi Mountain Natural Reserve, using shadow engineering method, opportunity cost method, market value method and other methods. The results prove that the ecosystem services value of the natural reserve is 3.67×108 yuan/a, economic value of per unit area is 22 274.65 yuan/( hm2?a), direct value is 895.17×104 yuan/a, accounting for only 2.44% of the total, indirect value is over 3.58×108 yuan/a, the ratio of direct value to indirect value is 1:39.95, the order of indirect value of ecosystem service is: erosion control > water conservation > provisioning of habit > air quality purifying > C fixation and O2 release > scientific and culture. Despite the Jiaozi Mountain Natural Reserve takes only 3.09% in total area of the Dongchuan District and Luquan County, the ecosystem services value accounts for 6.60% of total GDP in Dongchuan District and Luquan County in 2008. For each local individual, the available ecosystem services value can reach 470.69 yuan/a. In conclusion, the Jiaozi Mountain Natural Reserve plays a decisive role in maintaining the sustainable development for the local society.

  Primary Analysis of Structure of insect Community in two kinds of jujube Orchards Du Xuemei1, Zhao Ailing1, Wang Cuiying2, Li Dengke1, Shi Guanglu3 2010, 26 (11):  113-117.  Abstract + ( 1352 )   PDF ( 583485KB )   ( 1055 ) A survey of insect community including phytophagous insects, predacious insects and parasitoid insects were finished in the jujube Orchards of Shanxi Agriculture University (Ⅰ) and Shanxi Fruit Tree Institution (Ⅱ). Their structure characters were analyzed by individual number, species richness, , dominance, diversity and evenness. The results were showed as follows. Firstly, there were 8 orders, 27 families, 34 species in the jujube Orchards of Shanxi agriculture university (Ⅰ). And there were 6 orders, 39 families, 55 species in jujube Orchards in Shanxi fruit tree institution (Ⅱ). The percent of the predatory group and parasitic group in the jujube Ⅱ was higher than the jujube Ⅰ. Secondly, the species richness, total individual number, dominance diversity and evenness of the jujube Ⅱ were higher than the same date of the jujube Ⅰ. Finaly, The time dynamics of insect community in two kind of jujube orchards were analyzed by using the system cluster analysis. The results show that the whole communities of insects were divided into two phases which were transition and withdraw phase, flouring phase.

  Analysis of the different forest types on soil chemical property and nutrient status in National NatureReserve of Baishilazi Zhou Yongbin, Zhang Fei, Yin Mingfang, Wu Nannan, Shi Sun, Wu Ke 2010, 26 (11):  118-122.  Abstract + ( 1232 )   PDF ( 632842KB )   ( 1092 ) Abstract：Reasonable utilization and protection of forest resources in Baishilazi nature conservation area, analyzing the nutrients status and chemicalproperty of the forest soils in four different zones of the nature conservation area. The experiment result indicates: the PH of the soil in Baishilazi nature conservation area is acidity. The content of organic matter and nitrogen is rich;the content of pHospHorus is appropriate;the content of potassium is poor.Ranking the four different zones according to soil fertility from top to bottom is Erdaogou、Chibosong、Dalonggou、Xiaolonggou.In different forest stands, the soil nutrient is highest in mixed broadleaf-conifer forest, shaw is lower, Quercus Mongolica is lowest.

  Orthogonal test for optimization of extraction condition for Volatile Oil from Leaves of Pinus elliottii Engelm and Volatile Oil analysis by GC-MS Su Benchao, Xiao Wanjuan 2010, 26 (11):  123-126.  Abstract + ( 1592 )   PDF ( 1250994KB )   ( 1080 ) Abstract To optimize the extraction process of volatile oil from leaves of pinus elliottii Engelm，and the constituents analysis of volatile Oil. The volatile oil from leaves of pinus elliottii Engelm was extracted by steam distillation and the effect of the ratio of liquid to solid，and extracting time and soaking time on the extraction yield of volatile oil from leaves of pinus elliottii Engelm were studied through orthogonal test，and the constituents of volatile oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The optimum technology for extracting the volatile oil from leaves of pinus elliottii Engelm was as follows：the ratio of liquid to solid of 9:1，extraction time of 2h，and soaking time of 6h. one hundred and thirteen components in the volatile oil from leaf of Pinus elliottii Engelm were separated and thirty eight of them (88.83％)were identified. The main compounds were monoterpinenes, sesquiterpenes and some alcohol,esters. This study provides scientific proof for the further exploitation and utilization about leaf of pinus elliottii Engelm.

  Comparison between different ecological regions on maize yield and agronomic characters Dai Minghong1,2, Zhao Jiuran1, Yang Guohang1, Wang Ronghuan1 2010, 26 (11):  127-131.  Abstract + ( 1575 )   PDF ( 460293KB )   ( 1289 ) In order to further understand maize production characters in the Northern east - Northern China spring maize region and the Huang-huai-hai summer maize region. The two regions were compared on grain yield and some main agronomic characters of two cultivars (Nongda108 and Zhengdan958) based on National Maize Cultivar Regional Trial. Grain yield of spring maize in Northern east - Northern China was 1.4-2.0 t ha-1 higher than that of summer maize in Huang-huai-hai region. And this advantage could be displayed on growing period, plant height and ear height, and yield components as well. Comparing to summer maize, spring maize had ±30 d longer growing period, 0.15-0.23 m higher plant height, 0.09 -0.15 m higher ear height, 19.9-25.4% more kernel number per ear, and 9.7-16.5% higher thousand kernel weight. Yield increase of summer maize in Huang-huai-hai region could be promoted by increasing either kernel weight or kernel number per ear, while that of spring maize in Northern east – Northern China mainly depends on increasing kernel number per ear relatively.

  Study on Density Tolerance of Way Corn Varieties in Zhejiang Province Zhao Fucheng, Wang Guiyue, Tan Heping, Lu Desheng 2010, 26 (11):  132-135.  Abstract + ( 1480 )   PDF ( 451542KB )   ( 926 ) Abstract: 13 waxy corn varieties were used as materials to study on the yield and agronomic traits in two planting densities. The results showed that: the influences both density and variety on yield reached significant level. With increasing of planting density, yields of varieties had a difference increase. Yu Nuo 7, Zhe Nuoyu 3, Yan He Jin 2005 and Su Ke Hua Nuo 2008 were tolerance density. The yields of these varieties were more 15% higher than that of Su Yu Nuo 2.

  Study on Storage Characteristics of Coated Rape Seeds Xiong Hairong1, Zou Yingbin2, Xiong Yuanfu3, Wen Zhuyou4, Zhong Zong3 2010, 26 (11):  136-139.  Abstract + ( 1370 )   PDF ( 477440KB )   ( 996 ) Effects of two kinds rape seed coating on hybrid rape seeds and normal rape seeds’ storage characteristics were studied by detecting rape seed vigor in storage. The results show that the coated rape seed had a little change in germinant energy, germinant percentage and adult seedling rate at the different stages of storage period, meanwhile these parameters of uncoated controls decreased rapidly as the storage time prolonged. After 4 months’ storage， the germinant energy, germinant percentage and adult seedling rate of coated hybrid rape seeds increased 78.2～140.1％、81.5～87.6％ and 91.5～123.5％ compared with uncoated controls respectively, and however these ones of coated normal rape seeds increased 5.2～8.9％、10.8～19.6％ and 6.3～28.4％ compared with uncoated controls respectively，which showed that seed coating could improve rape seeds’ storage significantly，and have more positive effects on hybrid rape seeds than on normal rape seeds，and the seed film agent exhibited better efficiency than seed pelleting agent on rape seeds.

  Effects of Spaced Planting Cultivation on Characteristics Soybean Growth Pod and Yield Chen Zhiwen, Cheng Yunqing, Liu Jianfeng, Zhang Wenwen, Qin Xiaowei 2010, 26 (11):  140-143.  Abstract + ( 1202 )   PDF ( 452377KB )   ( 990 ) Soybean cultivar ‘Tiefeng-29’ was used as material to study the effects of planting density on growth， pod-bearing and yields. were 40，60cm， and plant spacing were 15，20，25 and 30 cm respectively. Yields and related indexes were investigated under different planting density in field culture conditions. The results showed that: plant and pod height were higher under 60cm row spacing conditions than those under 40cm row spacing conditions. Rules of row and plant spacing effects on number of node was not obvious. Numbers of branch and 100-grain weight was not affected by row and plant spacing. Pod number per plant， valid pod number and yield were significantly higher than other treatments under 40cm×30cm row and plant spacing condition. In conclusion， the proper planting density was 40cm×30cm for highest yields. Reasonable planting density was one of the key measures leading to high yields.

  Experimental Studies on the Characteritics of Protonema and Observation of the oil body Development in Timmiella diminuta (c. mull.) chen Yu Shuling 2010, 26 (11):  144-147.  Abstract + ( 1287 )   PDF ( 1133401KB )   ( 1018 ) 【Objective】This paper was provided new data and information to discuss about Timmiella diminuta (c. mull.) chen’s Development law ,artificial culture 【Method】In the configuration modified Knop nutrient solution, inoculated with 75% alcohol solution of disinfectant 3min spore capsule of the spores, select the nine main features of Spore germination, Protonema development and The process of the Gametophyte, analysis the Timmiella diminuta (c. mull.) chen）’s development characteristics ,and conduct photomicrography.【Result】Spores begin to grow in the first two days, in the sixth days, the spore germination rate has reached 90%. Protonema system is composed of Chloronema, Caulonema and Vesiculate protonema The formation of an empty cell make the protonema disconnect ,with no rhizoid. Oil bodies in the protonema of the development process, the oil bodies have no major changes in the size, but location is moved.【Conclusion】This type of moss spore germination --- Schistostega type, Protonema of the development of its growth environment is characterized by long-term adaptation results.

  Physiological Response of Crocus sativus L. under Al Stress by Exogenous Polyamines Xu Chunming1, Chen Wenhao2, Zhao Bing2 2010, 26 (11):  148-151.  Abstract + ( 1143 )   PDF ( 436446KB )   ( 942 ) Physiological Response of Crocus sativus L. under Al Stress by Exogenous Polyamines

  Study of S3307 on promoting Coloration of Apple Fruit Li Ming1, Hao Jianjun2, Yu Yang2, Yu Cuiling1 2010, 26 (11):  152-156.  Abstract + ( 1544 )   PDF ( 786348KB )   ( 1150 ) S3307 treatment promoted highly color formation of skin and enhanced some important quality for Hanguang apple. S3307 treatment was favorable for accumulation of anthocyanin content and reduction of chlorophyll content,and aslo improved soluble sugar content .The study show that S3307 treatment played a role on altering content and balance among hormones during maturation of fruit. S3307 treatment decreased GA3 content and improved GA3 content in fruit.

  The Advances of Study and Applications on Physiological Functions of Fruit Polyphenols Peng Gongbo1, Zheng Xianbo1, Ji Aiqing2, Meng Haijun1, Wu Guoliang1 2010, 26 (11):  157-163.  Abstract + ( 1514 )   PDF ( 592244KB )   ( 1703 ) Polyphenols of fruit tree as one of the important secondary metabolic substances, widely exist in fruit trees and fruit organs. They have some regulatory effects on the growth, development and adaptability of fruit trees, and they play an important part in various fields such as food, medical, feed and environmental protection in future because of their unique physiological and biochemical properties. In this paper，the study and aplication of physiological and biochemical function of polyphenols of fruit tree were reviewed，which can provide corresponding reference to development and utilization polyphenols of fruit tree further.

  Leafstalk Analysis and Soil Nutritional Diagnosis of Cabernet Sauvignon Grape Cultivar in Chang Li County of HeiBei Province Zhu Xiaoping1, Wang Tongkun1, Shi Chenchen2, Zhang Jingzheng1, Liu Wei1, Qi Yong 2010, 26 (11):  164-167.  Abstract + ( 1087 )   PDF ( 430518KB )   ( 913 ) To provide basis for increasing yield, quality and optimizing fertilization for Cabernet Sauvignon of different yields and quality levels in Changli County of Hebei Province, leafstalk analysis and soil nutritional diagnosis were carried out. The results showed that K、Zn contents of Cabernet Sauvignon plant were low in the orchard of middle and low yield and low quality, and the problem of Mg deficiency existed in all these three orchards, Fe content was obviously low in low yield and quality orchard. In the orchard of middle and low yield and low quality, soil O.M., avail N,.P, K, and Zn were low, and avail. Mg in the three types of orchard were relatively low. In the orchard of high yield and good quality, soil avail. N, K and Mg were of positive relation with relative elements in the leafstalks, in the orchard of middle yield and low quality, soil avail. N, K, P, Mg and Zn were of positive relation with relative elements in the leafstalks, while in the orchard of low yield and low level, soil avail. K, Mg, and Zn were of positive relation with relative elements in the leafstalks.

  Study on the characteristics of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium adsorption and desorption in oil shale and residue Zhang Hui, Yan Li, Du Jian, Wang Yuanfang, Guan Lianzhu 2010, 26 (11):  168-172.  Abstract + ( 1404 )   PDF ( 529624KB )   ( 973 ) Abstract：【OBJECTIVE】N,P and K adsorption and desorption characteristics of oil shale (debris and lean ore) and the residue (ash) were studied in this paper.【METHOD】An equilibrium method was used to study in this article.【RESULTS】the sequence of oil shale and residue to the nitrogen adsorptive capacity was the debris > the ash > the lean ore,the maximum adsorption capacity of the debris was 1429 mg/kg,which was 1.86 times of the ash and 2.29 times of the lean ore .The sequence of oil shale and residue to the nitrogen desorption rate was the debris > the ash > the lean ore.,the average desorption rate of the debris was 73.72%, which was 1.04 times of the ash and 1.09 times of the lean ore .The sequence of oil shale and residue to the phosphorus adsorptive capacity was the debris > the ash > the lean ore , the maximum adsorption capacity of the debris was 909.1 mg/kg，which was 1.27 times of the ash and 2.45 times of the lean ore . The sequence of oil shale and residue to the phosphorus desorption rate was the debris> the lean ore > the ash, the average desorption rate of the debris was 13.86%, which was 1.22 times of the lean ore and 2.67 times of the ash.The sequence of oil shale and residue to the potassium adsorptive capacity was the debris > the lean ore > the ash , the maximum adsorption capacity of the debris was 2500mg/kg,which was 2.00 times of the lean ore and 4.25 times of the ash . The sequence of oil shale and residue to the potassium desorption rate was the debris > the lean ore >the ash, the average desorption rate of the debris was 86.87%, which was 1.03 times of the lean ore and 1.22 times of the ash.. 【CONCLUSION】On conclusion,the adsorption capacity and desorption rate of N,P,K in oil shale debris were the highest ,so oil shale debris as keeping fertilizer agents have the possibilities of development .

  The Loss of Soil Phosphorus and its Environmental Assessment Li Xueping, Zou Meiling 2010, 26 (11):  173-177.  Abstract + ( 1076 )   PDF ( 448221KB )   ( 1192 )

  Long-term fertilization effect on content of WSOC in vegetable soil in greenhouse Wang Yan1, Yang Lijuan1, Zhou Chongjun1, Yan Yujiao1, Jin Xin2 2010, 26 (11):  178-181.  Abstract + ( 1577 )   PDF ( 532673KB )   ( 2519 ) For the study of soil water-soluble organic carbon in long-term fertilization under the conditions of the evolution of features, this study since 1988 through the beginning of the application of organic manure, chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer chemical fertilizer facilities in vegetable soils of long-term water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) content of conducted a study, analysis of soil water-soluble organic carbon content and changes in the distribution profile. With the B group (chemical fertilizer) than, A group (organic fertilizer and organic manure + chemical fertilizer) water-soluble organic carbon content increased significantly; 0-20cm ,20-40cm ,40-60cm soil layer of organic fertilizer 3 and nitrogen fertilization treatment with water-soluble organic carbon content with the increase of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer reduced; the processing water-soluble organic carbon content of 0-20cm soil highest in three layers of high and low high-trend. Long-term fertilization treatment showed that the soil water-soluble organic carbon in the soil Cultivation fertilization is sensitive to the application of organic manure can increase the water-soluble organic carbon content of soil.

  Effects of Long-term Uses of Chemical Fertilizers on Soil Quality Zhang Beiying1, Chen Tianlin2, Wang Bing3 2010, 26 (11):  182-287.  Abstract + ( 1503 )   PDF ( 510661KB )   ( 1917 ) Abstract: The chemical fertilizers uses play an important role in promoting crop production. But the negative effects on soil quality have come out day by day with the increasing and unreasonable uses of chemical fertilizers. Soil quality is the important premise of the agricultural sustainable development, and it is the comprehensive integration of the quality of soil fertility, soil environment and soil health. According to the numerous documentations, the authors analyzed the evolution of physical and chemical properties, nutritive elements, organic substance and biologic activity of soil, and the soil contamination caused by heavy metal and nitrate on the condition of long-term uses of chemical fertilizers. The results showed that the eco-agriculture which is suitable for local conditions should be developed. At the same time, the soil quality must be highly valued as an important part of the agricultural sustainable development.

  Formation characteristics and taxonomy of soils in Maoer mountains in Guangxi Huang Yuyi, Chen Guifen, Liu Bin, Lin Shiru, Yang Xinyi 2010, 26 (11):  188-193.  Abstract + ( 1482 )   PDF ( 538889KB )   ( 976 ) The climate, plant and soil resources in Maoer mountains in Guangxi were investigated, and the physical and chemical properties of soils of 6 soil profiles in different elevation collected from the mountain were studied. Based on the Chinese Soil Taxonomy, the diagnostic horizons and diagnostic characteristics of the soil profiles as well as related taxonomic classification category were also defined. The results showed that the eluviation, allitization and ferritization in the soil was strong. In the soils of B horizon of the soil profiles, the base-saturation percentage was low, at 12.5%～21.9%,while the exchangeable aluminum saturation percentage were high, at 78.1%～86.7%, and the content of free iron oxide was over 52.0%.The Sa values of B horizons in the soil profiles were 0.94～2.32. There were three groups including two orders in Maoer mountains.

  Effects of rice straw for three consecutive years to the yields and qualities of flue-cured tobacco and stalk return field late rice Huang Pingna1, Qin Daozhu1, Long Huaiyu2, Liu Shujun1, Huang Jing1 2010, 26 (11):  194-199.  Abstract + ( 1189 )   PDF ( 722094KB )   ( 859 ) Abstract In the tobacco-rice rotation district of southern Hunan, which is a high-quality tobacco leaf producing base, we achieve good results when using two kinds of rice straw to field methods for 3 consecutive years, to study the dynamics of soil available nutrients in tobacco fields, tobacco yield and quality, and late rice yield. The results show that rice straw to field can significantly increase soil available N, P, K nutrients, promote tobacco plants’ absorption and utilization of N, P, K nutrients. Compare the two kinds of rice straw to field methods, the release of tobacco field soil available N, P, K is in this order: Rice Straw Turning Pressure ≥ Rice Straw Mulching＞Control. Three years tobacco yields statistics: Rice Straw Turning Pressure and Rice Straw Mulching yields increase 14.1% and 8.0% on average, when comparing to Control respectively; and the second and the third years’ effects are better than the first year’s. The basic internal components of tobacco tend to be reasonable with 90% high and medium quality tobacco leaves. Late rice yields statistics: To conventional rice yield, Rice Straw Turning Pressure area and Rice Straw Mulching area’s yields increase 83.3% and 45.8% on average, when comparing to Control respectively. To hybrid rice yield, Rice Straw Turning Pressure area and Rice Straw Mulching area’s yields increase 13.6% and 12.3% on average, when comparing to Control respectively.

  Research Advancement in Nitrate Leaching and Nitrogen Use in Soils Chuan Limin1,2, Zhao Tongke2, An Zhizhuang2, Du Lianfeng2, Li Shunjiang2, Ma Li3 2010, 26 (11):  200-205.  Abstract + ( 2007 )   PDF ( 530300KB )   ( 2426 ) Nitrate leaching from agricultural land and the contamination of ground and surface water resources were two major environmental concerned problems in many parts of China. This paper have summarized nitrate leaching research in recent years, nitrogen amount, irrigation, and rainfall were major influencing factors. Also some effective methods were put forward to improve nitrogen use efficiency：Fertilizer based on mineral composition, organ and inorganic combined application, balanced fertilization, rational cultivation, water management, new type efficiency fertilizer application and so on. And theoretical basis was offered to reduce nitrogen leaching.

  Characteristics of water and salt transport in sand-layered soil underevaporation with the different ground water level Zou Guimei1,2, Huang Mingyong2, Su Derong1, Wang Zhenyu2 2010, 26 (11):  206-211.  Abstract + ( 1132 )   PDF ( 742148KB )   ( 985 ) Considering the fact that there were the coastal saline-alkali soil characteristics of shallow groundwater levels,spring and autumn easy to back salt intensely,micro-area required to change soil and lay across sand layer separated salt for landscaping.The impacts of sand porticle distribution of sand-layered soil and groundwater depth on water and salt migration characteristics were analyzed through the indoor soil columns experiment.The results show that the sand inclusion level of the water and salt inhibition rate was stone glass> small sand > liquid slag at the same ground water phase,namely, the migration rates of water and salt were intensified for the treatments with the worse sand distribution;when the sand-level distribution was consistent, the inhibition rates of water and salt in the groundwater table of 110cm were higher than the groundwater level of 80cm’s. The sand on the inhibition rate of water reduced with the evaporation lasted extension,however, the sand on the salt rejection increased with the extension of duration increased evaporation;after 30d’s evaporation,the effect of the sand layer against salt transport was more than the effect against water transport at the same evaporation duration. The study had provided a reference for coastal saline-alkali soil’s improvement as well as irrigation and draining water formulations.

  Effects of Dicyandiamide on Total-N and Nmin Content in Potato Field Ma Jianhua1, Fan Mingshou2, Bao Qiuli1 2010, 26 (11):  212-214.  Abstract + ( 1029 )   PDF ( 444308KB )   ( 964 ) The field experiment studies the effects of Dicyandiamide on the of total-N and Nmin content in the soil of potato in each growth stage. The results showed that：After fertilizing different forms of nitrogenous fertilizer,the content of soil total-N were significantly increased than that of comparison group(P<0.05)in each growth period of potato, It makes the point that fertilizing any forms of nitrogenous can be propitious to nitrous cumulation in potato field soil. It proved that Dicyanamide may inhibit nitrogen transform into nitrate-N observably.By comparison with fertilizing ammonium-N,N-minimum numerical values of the group which fertilize nitrate-N was bigger.It means that potato has assimilated more ammonium-N or most ammonium has been lost under this condition; Because nitrate fertilize’ increase production effect is significantly and mixing dicyanamide into ammonium fertilize has not increase potato output,So N-minimum of field is more after fertilizing nitrate-N fertilize maybe cause by ammonium fertilize lost more and not by potato assimilate more ammonium-N.

  Optimization for SRAP-PCR System of Rosa rugosa Based on Orthogonal Design Xu Zongda, Zhao Lanyong,Yang Zhiying 2010, 26 (11):  215-217.  Abstract + ( 1280 )   PDF ( 1299113KB )   ( 952 ) The orthogonal design was employed to optimize SRAP-PCR amplification .The results showed that the order of factors which affect on the result of PCR are Taq polymerase ,primers ,dNTPs , Mg2+ and DNA . A suitable SRAP-PCR system for Rose rugosa is that total 25μL reaction system containing 2.0 mmol/L Mg2+ , 0.20 mmol/L dNTPs , 1.5U Taq polymerase , 0.25 μmol/L primers and 1.0 ng/μl DNA. Use other primers and DNAs to test the system , the results showed that the system can be used in Rose rugosa.

  Effects of Topdress of Potash Fertilizer on Growth and Nutritious Quality of Onion Wei Hui1,2, Xue Chuanqian3, Zhang Zikun1, Liu Suhui1, Huang Zhijun1, Liu Shiqi1 2010, 26 (11):  218-221.  Abstract + ( 1470 )   PDF ( 513528KB )   ( 998 ) Abstract: This article studied the effects of topdress of potash fertilizer on growth and nutritious quality of onion by the small area comparison test. The results indicated that topdress of potash fertilizer could promote the growth, increase stem diameter, plant height and fresh weight of leaves, roots, stems and bulbs of onion. At the same times, topdress of potash fertilizer could improve the contents of soluble solid, sugar, protein and vitamin C, improve the nutrient quality of onion. The results of analysis of variance show that the amount of topdress of potash fertilizer 350 and 400 kg/hm2 in raising the onion yield and improving nutritious quality has had no differences. Therefore, the amount of 350 kg/hm2 is the best use of topdress potash fertilizer.

  Research on Heredity Trend of fruit characteristics of tomato germplasm resources Xie Fangli, Zhang Xichun, Li Fei, Chen Wenzheng 2010, 26 (11):  222-226.  Abstract + ( 1296 )   PDF ( 1655009KB )   ( 910 ) Abstract：Research on heredity trend of morphological characters of tomato germplasm resource,in order to understand the relationship among species.The experiment hopes to provide theoretical basis for the exploitation and utilization of tomato germplasm resources.Inheritance of some characters including stem length,foliage index,canopy were studied with 50 jianhuang,47(A-6t),93-29,A33-1,46(A-10t),93-11,A-17,49(7-1t),48(7t)and F1 progenies from 93-29×A33-1,50jianhuang×47(A-6t),46(A-10t)×93-11,50jianhuang×A-17,93-11×49(7-1t),3-11×48(7t). Through cross breeding can change the partial morphological characters of the tomato so as to improve the yield quality and resistance of the tomato.

  Isolated culture and Establishment of Regeneration System Of Sophora japonica in Higher Efficiency Zhang Xianyun 2010, 26 (11):  227-230.  Abstract + ( 1235 )   PDF ( 5752628KB )   ( 937 ) The paper studied the isolated culture and regeneration system of Sophora japonica using its shoots, and discussed the effects of different hormone combination on asepsis bud, callus, differentiation, reduplication and rooting. The results show MS+ BA1.0mg/L +NAA 0.1mg/L is optimum medium for induction of asepsis bud, callus; differentiation and reduplication; MB+BA1mg/L+NAA0.1+30g/L sucrose +8g/L agar is optimum medium for differentiation; 1/2MS+ NAA0.3mg/L is the optimum medium for rooting.

  Developmental Changes in Growth Characteristics and Nutritional Quality of Spring Chinese Cabbage Sun Zhaofa, Song Chaoyu, Li Ling, Zhang Shuxia 2010, 26 (11):  231-235.  Abstract + ( 1237 )   PDF ( 674352KB )   ( 905 ) Abstract: Spring Chinese cabbage (cultivar ‘Jujin’) was sampled at 7-day intervals from 7 days after balling to investigate the developmental changes in growth charateristics and nutritional quality. The results showed that the ball height increased until 2 weeks after balling. Ball circumference, blade area of outer leaf, and total area of outer leaf reached maximal value 4 weeks after balling, while the petiole area of outer leaf remained unchanged 1 week after balling. The more inner of the leaf located in the ball, the later the leaf ceased elongation growth. The fresh and dry weight of the outer leaf, inner leaf and root increased until 4 weeks after balling. The dry matter percentage of outer leaf, inner leaf and root decreased gradully, and stopped decreasing after 2, 3, 3 weeks after balling, respectively. Net yield increased until 3 weeks after balling. The leaf blade contended more protein and total sugar than the petiole, and less amino acid and soluble sugar. The nutrient content in the outer and inner leaf decreased or kept stable. In the central leaf , all nutritional substance tested increased with development.

  Study on Methods of Increasing γ-aminobutyric acid of Tea Leaves Huang Yahui1,2, Chen Jianhua1, Zeng Zhen2, Zheng Hongfa3, Huang Huaisheng3 2010, 26 (11):  236-240.  Abstract + ( 1237 )   PDF ( 526297KB )   ( 1107 ) For increasing the content of GABA in tea leaves,Anoxia stress,infrared ray and waterlogging were used to tea leaves in this experimentation.The results showed that anoxia stress and waterlogging are effective.

  The Preliminary Report and Research on Processing Performance of the disease-resistant varieties of grape introduced from the USA with high-quality juice Lu Pingbo, Gao Qichao, Wang Yuejin, Liu Nan, Wu Xingchang 2010, 26 (11):  245-249.  Abstract + ( 1154 )   PDF ( 516849KB )   ( 1020 ) Abstract: In order to enrich our country's system of grape juice varieties,five disease-resistant varieties of grape with high-quality juice introduced from the USA and grown in Yangling of Shanxi province in this work. Methods of field survey, determination of fruit quality, identification of disease resistance and research on processing performance was used to study the growth and processing performance of Concord, Campbell, Delaware, Catawba, Golden Muscat have been taken in a year. The results showed that the introduced grape juice varieties betray strong resistance; Concord, Campbell and Golden Muscat are of good fruit and juice quality with good processing performance; Of which, golden Muscat has a high yield and the average yield of each plant reaches 4.5kg; Campbell has higher juice ratio up to 70%; The Vc content, sugar-acid ratio and total phenol content of Concord are all high.

  Effects of Root-knot Nematode on the Physiological and Biochemical Indexes in Cucumber Seedling Grafted on Different Rootstocks Li Hua1, He Hongjun1, Gao Fengju1, Zhang Zikun2 2010, 26 (11):  250-253.  Abstract + ( 1439 )   PDF ( 520686KB )   ( 946 ) The physiological and biochemical indexes were studied in cucumber seedling roots grafted on 6 rootstock varieties and self-rooted cucumbers infected by Meloidogyne incognita. The results showed that the protective enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, APX) activities and root activity of the grafted plants were significantly higher than those in the roots of self-rooted plants, while the electrotyle leakage and the content of MDA is lower. Nematode resistance of cucumber seedlings grated on different rootstocks were different, and the tolerance size is DTT-RS-39 > Modified-Fiery Phoenix > Juejinglong >Fiery Phoenix > Youqingtaimu > Black Seed Pumpkin.

  The influence of plant growth regulator and mineral nutritions on the enlargement and proliferation of Oriental Hybrid bulb Cai Xuanmei1, Fang Shaozhong1, Guo Wenjie1, Wei Cuihua2, Lin Zhen1 2010, 26 (11):  254-257.  Abstract + ( 1229 )   PDF ( 401479KB )   ( 811 )

  Research of Influencing Factors in Multiple Shoot clumps Proliferation of Dendrobium huoshanense Zhai Yueting, Fu Yulan, Jiang Liang 2010, 26 (11):  258-260.  Abstract + ( 1366 )   PDF ( 435592KB )   ( 1084 ) In order to protect the wild resources of Dendrobium huoshanense in better and change their home of wild species. In vitro shoots of Dendrobium huoshanense test material, using three factors, three level L9 (33) orthogonal design to study BA, NAA, KT of different hormones and concentration on the propagation of adventitious buds of Dendrobium huoshanense subculture proliferation. The results showed that: Plant hormones BA, NAA, KT right Dendrobium huoshanense proliferation of in vitro multiple shoot clumps have a certain impact, in which the impact of NAA and KT even more pronounced and, through the SAS statistical analysis software to determine the optimal concentration of three kinds of plant hormones ratio are as follows: BA use 1.5 mg / L, NAA use 1.0 mg / L, KT selected 1.0 mg / L, Namely, the best medium formula of Dendrobium huoshanense subculture in vitro multiple shoot clumps as follows: MS+BA 1.5 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L+KT 1.0 mg/L+ Sugar 30.0 g/L+ Agar 8.0 g/L。

  Identification of the Pathogen of Maize Alternaria leaf spot Zhou Shuyang1, Wang Chunlei1, Qiao Zhixin2, Yang Hongyi1 2010, 26 (11):  261-263.  Abstract + ( 1547 )   PDF ( 608328KB )   ( 940 ) The pathogen of Maize Alternaria leaf spot was isolated and purified, and according to Koch's postulate, Alternaria leaf spot of maize was caused by the isolated fungi. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of pathogen was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the specific fragment was cloned and sequenced. The result showed that the sequence of ITS for the pathogen shared 99% homology with that of Alternaria tenuis in GenBank. The pathogen was identified as Alternaria tenuis based on the morphological characteristics and sequence of ITS.

  Study on Meteorological Degree Forecast Model of the Main Pests and Diseases of Winter Wheat in Shanxi Wang Zhiwei1, Zhang Dongxia2, Ma Yali1, Ban Shenglin1 2010, 26 (11):  267-271.  Abstract + ( 2031 )   PDF ( 480874KB )   ( 865 ) Meteorological conditions were the main influence factors of pests and diseases of winter wheat, and were closely related to the developmental stages of crops. Especially in the special year, if the influence factors selected by model had more obvious changes than normal years, the differences between the forecast results and the actual results was big, so the forecast model had some limitations. In order to enhance the practicality of forecasting mathematical statistics, historical data for many years should be used and predict methods should be used as many as possible in practice to access to higher forecast accuracy rate. In this paper, the meteorological conditions forecast index of the main pests and diseases of winter wheat (powdery mildew, stripe rust, wheat spider) were analyzed, the meteorological degree forecast model of the main pests and diseases of winter wheat was set up. Through the back testing with the historical data, the rate of backtracking and fitting for the forecast model was above 90%. In a word, the model set up by this method was applied to do the meteorological forecast of the main pests and diseases(stripe rust, powdery mildew, wheat spider) of winter wheat in general years in Shanxi. Key words: Shanxi province; winter wheat; insect pests and diseases; meteorological conditions; forecast model

  Toxicity Measurement of Several Fungicides on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from Citrus Hu Xiurong, Lu Lianming, Pu Zhanxu, Huang Zhendong, Chen Guoqing 2010, 26 (11):  272-275.  Abstract + ( 1755 )   PDF ( 459480KB )   ( 1446 ) Abstract: In order to select fungicides that can effectively control Citrus anthracnose, indoor toxicity of seven fungicides on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were measured using mycelium growth rate method, and the sensitivity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides to different fungicides were compared. The results showed that the toxicity of 25% Prochloraz EC was strongest, with the EC50 of 0.0741 mg/L, and the inhibitory effect of 25% pyraclostrobin EC, 30% difenoconazolepro?piconazol EC, 10% difenoconazole WG, 25% azoxystrobin SC, 60% pyraclostrobin?metriam DF, 50% Carbendazim WP decreased successively. The sensitivity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides to 25% Prochloraz EC and 30% difenoconazolepro?piconazol EC were higher than others. So that, the inhibition effect of 25% Prochloraz EC and 30% difenoconazolepro?piconazol EC were best and could be used as effective pesticides to control Citrus anthracnose.

  Grafting high resistance rootstock King Qing Yi Hao to prevent tomato bacterial wilt Zhang Zhanhong1, Xiao Jianwei1, Liu Yong2, Chen Shaoxiang3, Yang Jianguo1, Liu W 2010, 26 (11):  276-278.  Abstract + ( 1477 )   PDF ( 404559KB )   ( 1138 ) For preventing tomato bacterial wilt, the grafting experiment using high resistance rootstock variety Kang Qing Yi Hao and scion tomato variety Hong Shi Chuang was fulfilled. The results showed that in condition of fair tomato fruit quality, the grafting variety could significantly raise survival rate, resistance and yield comparative with tomato variety own-rooted seedlings, and not significantly comparative with the commoditized rootstock variety Xue Tie Ji.

  Mutagenesis breeding of Bacillus subtilis 515 strain for chitinase production and study on its fermentation condition Zhang Min, Hu Xiao, Wang Jinyu, Lei Xinyu, Zhao Danping 2010, 26 (11):  279-283.  Abstract + ( 1549 )   PDF ( 698240KB )   ( 1084 ) A higher chitinase production mutant with stable heritage ,was obtained from initial Bacillus subtilis 515 strain, which was separated from soil and by means of UV，LiCl and DES mutagenization.The optimum medium and fermentation condition for Bacillus subtilis 515 have been established through orthogonal test design. Under the established optimal culture conditions and in the established optimal medium, the chitinase activity of Bacillus subtilis 515 increased to.53u/ml compared with that the initial strain under the culture condition before optimization.

  Studies on the types of tea pests and major pest species occurrence rules in Shandong Province Duan Yongchun, Yuan Honggang, Zhang Yongliang, Sun Xucong, Zhang Yanyan 2010, 26 (11):  284-289.  Abstract + ( 1104 )   PDF ( 596691KB )   ( 1082 ) Due to climate and other environmental factors, differences in the occurrence of pests in Shandong tea growing area has its own characteristics. The authors observed large-scale investigation and, based on the identification of tea pests in Shandong Province have two classis four ordos 11 familias 15 species of pests, and against the major pest species, through the indoor observation and field investigations and collect its presence in the Shandong the law of the occurrence and damage the region for Shandong tea provides a theoretical basis for pest control.

  On Species Diversity of Pentatomidae insects from Shanxi Zhang Xiaohong, Zhang Hufang 2010, 26 (11):  290-294.  Abstract + ( 1089 )   PDF ( 479425KB )   ( 951 ) To explore Pentatomidae insects diversity of Shanxi Province, the paper has studied the variety of the Shanxi Pentatomidae ,basing on the collected specimens and related data, from the perspectives of taxa ,host plants , geographical distribution and faunistic features. The results indicate that Pentatomidae species in Shanxi Province were plentiful with 93 known species belonging to 53 genera and 6 families .They were the whole nation7.7% and 31.18 % and 33.33% respectively .Host plants were important economic crops, fruit trees, environment greening trees. Shanxi Province had high species diversity in geographical location .Species distributed was more in south-Shanxi and lees in north-Shanxi. The distribution was related to topography landforms, climate, and the special nature of Shanxi Province.

  Effects of Imidacloprid and other 10 Kinds of Pesticides on B36（Baciliius subtilis）WP to Control Tomato Hray Mould Ji Mingshan1, Wang Jiankun1, Wang Fang1, Qi Zhiqiu1, Wang Guojun2 2010, 26 (11):  295-297.  Abstract + ( 1512 )   PDF ( 550584KB )   ( 914 ) Instability efficacy of Bio-pesticides influenced by the environment has been the consensus among scholars. This paper studied the effects of Imidacloprid and other 10 kinds of pesticides used commonly on B36（Bacillus Subtilis）WP against tomato gray mould. The results showed that 1.8% Avermectin EC mixed with the B36 WP can significantly increased the prevention and control efficacy of B36 WP against tomato gray mould at 2.59 percentage points and 5.84 percentage points, respectively. Mancozeb 80% WP mixed with the B36 WP decreased control efficacy at 1.77 percentage points and 5.82 percentage points, respectively. The other pesticides cannot affect significantly the efficacy of B36 WP against tomato gray mould.

  Effects of Various Nitrogen Levels on Petiole Spot in Chinese Cabbage Liu Dong1, Yang Xiaoyun2, Wang Yuan2, Si Chaoguang2, Zhang Shuxia2, Zhang Qingxi 2010, 26 (11):  303-307.  Abstract + ( 1313 )   PDF ( 886392KB )   ( 932 ) Abstract: The effects of three nitrogen(N) levels （5，15，25mmol/L）hydroponic culture on plasmalemma permeability, polyphenoloxidase(PPO) activity ,the content of ammonium nitrogen and malonialdehyde (MDA) in Chinese cabbage disease-susceptible strains 03B9 and P8-2 and disease -resistant strains C24 and P8-1, and the relationship with petiole spot were studied. The results showed that high nitrogen level can increase the number of petiole spots. The content of ammonium nitrogen in disease -resistant varieties have fallen and the 14th day ammonium nitrogen of the treatment N25 is only 49.95% of the second day in C24.The effects of nitrogen levels are more significant in 03B9 and P8-2 than C24 and P8-1,so petiole spot may caused by the broken plasmalemma .

  Research on Fruit Ecological Cultivation in Red Soil Xiong Huibo1, Guo Linrong2, Weng Boqi3 2010, 26 (11):  308-312.  Abstract + ( 1255 )   PDF ( 544753KB )   ( 1120 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Developing ecological fruit industry and achieving sustainable development are the main directions of Chinese future fruit industry; 【METHOD】According to the main issues in current situation of fruit production and basing on the national conditions, the ecological cultivation system were researched and analyzed in this paper ; 【RESULTS】Then the construction idea and feasibility of fruit ecological in red soil were proposed; it also put forward taking fruit industry as the head and forage (market) as a key link, combining the utilization of waste resources into the mode construction of fruit industry circulatory system by extending industrial chain; at last, the economical, ecological and social benefits of application of fruit ecological cultivation system were discussed. 【CONCLUSION】It is suggested the mode which constituted of many ecological fruit production experiences, was a good mode of pursuing realization way of fruit industry sustainable development and ecological cultivation technology integration according to national conditions.

  Effects of Several Bio-insecticides on Arthropod Community in Autumn Cabbage Fields Ma Xiaorui, Miao Yong, Wang Yun, Shao Zhengfei 2010, 26 (11):  313-316.  Abstract + ( 1633 )   PDF ( 492104KB )   ( 925 ) The effects of three kinds of bio-insecticides, Aolu No.1, Abamectin and Bt on arthropod community in autumn cabbage fields were studied in this paper. The results showed that each of the three tested bio-insecticides had evident control effects on the major insect pest, Prodenia litura in autumn cabbage fields. Each of the three tested bio-insecticides had some short period effects on species richmmunity diversity. It was the best bio-insecticide in the three tested bio-insecticides for the control of insect pests in autumn caness of arthropod community in autumn cabbage field. Abamectin and Bt had some effects on the community diversities. Aolu No.1 increased evidently the community evenness and had no evident effects on the cobbage fields.

  Investigation and Classification of Anemone-form Herbaceous Peony Cultivars from Shandong Province Guo Xianfeng1, Liu Aiqing2, Huang Xue1, Yu Xiaoyan1, Zheng Lin1 2010, 26 (11):  317-323.  Abstract + ( 1421 )   PDF ( 4266969KB )   ( 1113 ) Anemone form is pretty special in Paeonia flower form category. The investigation and classification of anemone-form herbaceous peonies from Shandong province was carried out in order to promote identification, utilization and protection of this type peonies. The results showed that there existed 28 popular anemone-form cultivars, among which two cultivars are of prolification. On the basis of the investigation and recording, keys were compiled using comparative morphology and detailed morphological character of the cultivars was described. The results not only provide clear guide for identifying different cultivars with anemone form, but also provide a reference to the classification of other cultivars.

  THE ASYMMETRIC TREND OF CHANGE IN MAXIMUM AND MINMUM TEMPERATURE IN BEIJING Zhang Mingjie, Feng Shan, Zhu Tengran 2010, 26 (11):  324-329.  Abstract + ( 1097 )   PDF ( 837117KB )   ( 1001 )

  Establishment and preliminary application of scar marker in germplasm resource of Pleurotus abalones Xiong Fang, Zheng Minjiang, Liu Xinrui, Xie Baogui 2010, 26 (11):  330-335.  Abstract + ( 1306 )   PDF ( 2475461KB )   ( 1086 ) In order to solve the chaotic phenomena of naming Pleurotus abalonus variously in the market, this article mainly analyzes 16 Chinese regular Pleurotus abalonus cultivating bacterial strains by SRAP-PCR and RAPD-PCR augmentation, and then choose the special segments from electrophoretogram, transform the segment into SCAR mark, and further classify these 16 bacterial strains into 5 categories through the 4 pairs of SCAR particular primer, so as to settle the chaos of giving various names to the same kind or going to the contrary in the abalone mushroom market. This article not only provides the evidence for the foundation of the core classification of Pleurotus abalonus and the scientific record of the relevant resources, but also lays a foundation for the product standard rate establishment and for the standardized manufacture.

  Research progress on air microorganism Sun Pingyong1,2, Liu Xionglun2, Liu Jinling2, Dai Liangying1,2 2010, 26 (11):  336-340.  Abstract + ( 1183 )   PDF ( 510437KB )   ( 1601 ) The biological particles, such as bacteria, fungus, actinomycete, virus and so on, are widely distributed in the air. Air microbes are important biological components in ecosystem, they have a direct relation with ecological balance, and play much important roles in natural cycle of matter. They have not only important ecological functions, but also have close relation with air pollution, environment quality and human health. In this paper, the definition and character of air microbes, as well as the research progress and research methods of air microbes were reviewed. The Study vistas of the air microbes was viewed in the end.

  Yu-northeast trend Temperatuer changing on Winter wheat growth and Development Wang Huifang1, Zhang Qingzhen2, Zhang Mingjie1, Zhu Tengran1 2010, 26 (11):  341-345.  Abstract + ( 1174 )   PDF ( 601751KB )   ( 979 ) Abstract：The features of temperature changing in various time scales in Puyang and the effect son grain production caused by the warming-up climate are analysed by the method of linear analysis .The results are as follows :the temperatures in winter and in summer float respectively with the value 0.23-0.46℃/10a and –0.05-0.11℃/10a while the yearly average is 0.14℃/10a. Every year hot days with the temperature as high as or higher than 35 decrease by the degree of 3.36 days every 10 years and cool days with the temperature as low as or lower than –10 reduce by the degree of 2005 days every 10 years .The first day when the average daily temperature keeps above 0 steadily falls 4.91 days earlier every 10 years While the last day comes 1.02 days later every 10 years . Besides , the last day when the average daily temperature keeps above 20 steadily comes 2.0 days later every 10 years. there have been 17 warm winters ever since the year 1987 in puyang , with the most typical ones happening after 1995.The breed of wheat introduced to Puyang gets weaker in winter nature with postponed sowing date ,shorter overwintering period and longer growing period .As a consequence ,plant diseases and isect pests tend to be more serious and greater amount of agricultural chemical and fertilizer have to be applied. Conclusion: the local climate is changing with the tendency of warmer winter and cooler summer. Therefore ,the damage done by high or low temperature decreases ,the efficiency of acccumulating temperature increases and plants obtain a longer growing and milking period .Ever since the mid-1990s,more events of unusual warm winter happen .The last ten years are the warmest for the past 50 years .Meanwhile ,the average yearly temperature in winter is changing with a larger amplitude ,while the temperature in spring tends to be poor in stability ,that is ,the indefinite property of temperature gains. Although there exist more advantages for the local grain production in warmer climate, disadvantages stand out at the same time. Research is necessary to ensure grain safety by pursuing gains and avoiding losses.

  Research on Natural Reproduction Ability of Nitariatangutorum Community and Artemisiaarenaria Community in Minqin desert area Sun Dexiang 2010, 26 (11):  346-349.  Abstract + ( 1075 )   PDF ( 670165KB )   ( 1019 ) The Minqin county is model desertification area. Nitariatangutorum community and Artemisiaarenaria community are the two most important natural vegetation communities in Minqin desert area. The significance is significant on studies with natural regeneration ability of vegetation for the vegetation restores and protects. The author has studied natural regeneration ability of Nitariatangutorum community and Artemisiaarenaria community by localization observation. The result show: 1) The Nitariatangutorum community and Artemisiaarenaria community have ability to produce the sprout in sand dune and bottomland. 2) The difference is very significant between the seedling density of Nitariatangutorum in the Nitariatangutorum community and the seedling density of Artemisiaarenaria in Artemisiaarenaria community. The difference of seedling density is not significant between sand dune and bottomland and Between different year. 3) There are positive correlation between density and precipitation about Nitariatangutorum in Nitariatangutorum community and about seedling Artemisiaarenaria in Artemisiaarenaria community. Especially positive correlation is more remarkable between seedling density and same year May's precipitation and annual precipitation.

  A study on plant resourse investigation and adaptability estimation on ligneous ground cover plants in Xi’an area Qi Yunzhi, Li Sifeng, Li Bin, Li Rujuan, Li Yan, Ma Yankang 2010, 26 (11):  350-354.  Abstract + ( 1239 )   PDF ( 522061KB )   ( 945 ) Abstract:A total investigation and research have been made on the type, growth situation, regenaration ability and effect on landscaping of the ligneous ground cover plant in Xi’an area.The results show that there are 69 species ligneous ground cover plants in Xi’an area. It belongs to 30 families and 47 gemus. It is estimated seperately.that the adaptability of applied ligneous ground cover plant in Xi’an area and the recommendation has been proposed to develop the horticultural ligneous ground cover plant.

  Effect of by-Product of flue gas desulphurization(BFGD) Application on Wolfberry’s growth and Soi l Heavy Metals Concentration Li Qian1, Sun Zhaojun1 , Wei Yaofeng2, Wang Jing1, Li Ming1, Qin Ping1, Chen Xia 2010, 26 (11):  355-357.  Abstract + ( 1401 )   PDF ( 515620KB )   ( 934 ) A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of By-product of Flue Gas Desulphurization(BFGD) application on Wolfberry’s growth and Heavy Metals Concentration. The results showed that:Applying BFGD can effectively improve the germination and survival rate of Wolfberry,the effect of 1.0 ton/acre is better than 2.0 ton/acre,the germination was 81.5%,the survival rate reached 80.8%. The content of heavy metals in soils did not exceed the secondary standard of “soil environmental quality standard”,GB156-1995year;The contents of heavy metals of Wolfberry’s fruit and leaf in each treatment also are in line with the national standard of“contaminants in food limited”,GB2762-2005.so we can concluded that use BFGD to ameliorating saline-sodic soil is safe and feasible.

  Research and Prospect on Non-point Pollution from Agriculture Song Jiayong1, Li Yingtao1, Song Yu2, Yan Junjie1, Zhou Lin1 2010, 26 (11):  362-365.  Abstract + ( 1268 )   PDF ( 431388KB )   ( 1531 ) The Non-point pollution from agriculture contributes more to the watershed pollution at present, which is hard to be realized as a critical issue of river basin pollution because it is conceal, scattered, difficult to monitor and property right is so hard to identity. The paper analyzes the contemporary situation, characteristics, endange and prospect of the non-point pollution from agriculture in China.

  Primary Studies on the Induction of Pineapple Anther Callus and the Factors Influence Browning Jiang Jing1,2, Dou Mei’an2, Sun Weisheng2 2010, 26 (11):  366-369.  Abstract + ( 1221 )   PDF ( 610867KB )   ( 913 ) With pineapple as the test material, the anther callus induction optimum hormone combination was selected. At the same time,by orthogonal test, effects of genotypes, sampling periods, and concentrations of AgNO3 on callus induction and browning in the process of pineapple were studied. Results showed that the optimal combination of hormone was 2 mg/L 2,4-D+0.08 mg/L TDZ. The effects of those three factors on callus induction were different, and from high to low were AgNO3, sampling period, genotype, while the effects on browning from high to low were AgNO3, genotype, sampling period, and 50 mg/L was the optimal concentration of AgNO3.

  Study on the Efficacy of Yuhualing on control growth of branch tips and promote of flower of longan Ruan Jingzhou1, Lu Yuying1, Ou Shijin2 , Ban Yongming3, Luo Shengfang4 2010, 26 (11):  370-373.  Abstract + ( 1242 )   PDF ( 559513KB )   ( 871 ) Abstract: Adopt yuhualing into the control longan chongshao, Mainly through the leaves to absorb organic nutrition, And to enhance the effectiveness of leaf phorosynthesis, So that trees improve the nutrient content of organic, Regulating plant vegetative and reproductive growth of the relationship between, Reach effective control longan chongshao and improve the quality of flowers. The best period is before the young leaves did not show to take measures of control longan chong shao, At this time, Adopt 180 times yuhualing spray on the surface, Can effectively control chongshao, Flowering rate of up to 95.72%, Flower purity rate reaches 95.72%, The female flower rate reaches 45.21%. If processing is not prompt, When a flowered ear of young leaf already started to launch,Then must coordinate use with yuhualing and ethrel.

  Study on Employment-oriented Reform of the Practicing Education System for Food Nutrition and Detection Yan Xunyou, Wu Zhiyan, Shi Zhenxia, Guo Hongzhen, Ling Wei 2010, 26 (11):  374-376.  Abstract + ( 1353 )   PDF ( 423398KB )   ( 896 ) The technical experiment is the important key of training the innovation capable person, in this paper, the application of employment-oriented training of personnel goals in mind and the traditional food nutrition and detection of the practicing education problems discussed, at the same time the reforms and innovations were introduced in the teaching model of application-oriented food nutrition and detection professional practice in Langfang Teachers College.

  Practice of New Countryside Environmental Information Management System Construction in Guizhou Province Han Dejun1, Liu Jianzhong2, Xiao Dan1 2010, 26 (11):  377-380.  Abstract + ( 1316 )   PDF ( 469888KB )   ( 902 ) This article starting with new countryside environment sustainable development under Guizhou frail ecological environment background, it will be establishing one countryside environmental information management to simultaneously serve the government department, the researcher as well as the farmer. This article has designed the information management system construction principle, the foundation data target system, has discussed the information management system movement pattern and the main application prospect in this foundation.

  Study on Precise Comprehensive Agricultural Climate Regional Planning of Quality Wheat in Henan Province Yu Weidong1,2, Chen Huailiang1,2 2010, 26 (11):  381-385.  Abstract + ( 1382 )   PDF ( 1798576KB )   ( 1153 ) According to the relationship between quality wheat and meteorological conditions, the agricultural climatic regionalization indexes and different grades were studied and defined. Based on the geographic information and climate data of 114 meteorological stations in Henan Province from 1971 to 2000, the climatic elements in grids were established by using the principles of Geographical Information System. Quality wheat suitable planning area in Henan Province was divided to five regions by using Expert Marking Method, which were strong gluten wheat suitable region, strong gluten wheat and medium gluten wheat transition region, medium gluten wheat suitable region, medium gluten wheat and weak gluten wheat transition region, weak gluten wheat suitable region. The characteristics in each region were analyzed and suggestions were put forward as well.

  Study on the Mechanism, Characteristic and Challenges of Mechanism Construction of Cultivated Land Protection Li Guangdong, Qiu Daochi, Wang Ping 2010, 26 (11):  398-402.  Abstract + ( 1044 )   PDF ( 468500KB )   ( 939 ) The purpose of this paper is to make suggestions to improve the mechanism construction of cultivated land protection in China by explored the running mechanism, basic characteristics and existing problems. Methods of theoretic analysis, model analysis, Game Theory and figure analysis were employed. The results indicate that the characteristics of the mechanism construction of cultivated land protection in China include administrative and law mechanism occupy an important position, economic and market mechanism become a tendency and multi-game run through all process. Market failure, government failure, weakness of social supervision all lead to lagging of mechanism construction of cultivated land protection. It is concluded that many measures such as reforming land property right institution of rural area, changing the performance evaluation mechanism of government, regulating the participation platform and bring about simultaneity of economic encouragement and ecological compensation should be constructed in China as soon as possible, and what's more, questing new mechanism of cultivated land protection.