Current issue

• 2010 Vol.26 No.3 Published:05 February 2010

  23

  Analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in CAPN1 Gene in Qingyuan Partridge Chicken 2010, 26 (3):  1-5.  Abstract + ( 1032 )   PDF ( 1540628KB )   ( 977 ) Abstract：Qingyuan partridge chicken is a light-body type breed with good meat quality, in order to explore the molecular mechanisms of its good meat quality, we chose CAPN1 gene as candidate gene for chicken meat tenderness, and Recessive White chickens as comparison in the present study. PCR-SSCP and sequencing methods were used to investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms in CAPN1 gene. Six genotypes were detected, i.e. AA, AB, AC, BB, BC and CC. Sequencing results revealed that AA genotype was coincidence with the sequence accessed in Genbank, there is a 5 bp deletion mutation at position 2418, a T/C point mutation at position 2446, a C/T mutation at position 2484, and a C/T mutation at position 2508, there is a 5 bp deletion mutation at position 2418, a T/C point mutation at position 2446, and a C/T mutation at position 2484. Allele frequencies and genotype frequencies distribution were significant different in the two chickens.

  The Prevention and Cure Effect of Two Different Chinese traditional medicine Injection on the Endotoxin Renal Failure 2010, 26 (3):  6-10.  Abstract + ( 867 )   PDF ( 1313053KB )   ( 741 ) Abstract: Used the rabbits as the experimentation animal, researched the prevention and cure effection of compound honeysuckle and Herba Artemisiae Scoparia injection on endotoxin-induced acute renal failure(ARF). The 32 rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups, the comparison group, the model group, compound honeysuckle group and Herba Artemisiae Scoparia group, each group was 8.The rabbits of model and each prevention and cure groups were given an intravenous injection of E.coli O111B4 endotoxin(ET) solution with dose of 100μg/kg. After injection of ET, the two prevention and cure groups were injected compound honeysuckle and Herba Artemisiae Scoparia with intravenous injection, the dose of 100μg/kg respectively. The negative comparison group were injected just the right quautities of normal saline(NS) additionally. After 1h, a serial urine samples were collected by a bladder fistula at one time per hour, a totla of 6 hours. At the end of the collection of urine, the bleeding was immediately made from heart. The results showed that the rabbits of model groups developed Acute renal failure(ARF), The kidney function were prominent or significant prominent difference compared with the negative comparison group (p<0.05 or p<0.01), it compared with the model group that the compound honeysuckle group were prominently increased in urinary output, the excretion of creatinine, urine nitrogen and urine natrium (p<0.05 or p<0.01), renal failure rate and the excretion fraction were markedly decreased (p<0.05), endogenic creatinine clearance ratio, urine osmotic pressure and the clearance rate of penetration material were prominently increased (p<0.05 or p<0.01), the free water clearance rate were markedly decreased (p<0.05). The results showed that the compound honeysuckle had obvious prevention and cure effect to ARF induced by ET. The Herba Artemisiae Scoparia compared with the model, the urinary output, the excretion of creatinine and urine nitrogen, clearance rate of penetration material and endogenic creatinine were prominently inproved in the end of the experiment.

  Influence on the expression of c-fos gene by the different intensity light stimulation in hen mesencephalon and diencephalons 2010, 26 (3):  11-14.  Abstract + ( 944 )   PDF ( 3336564KB )   ( 776 ) In order to further know the mechanism in the effect of light on egg-laying in hen, the response of hen brain on different light intensity was investigated using c-fos method. The right eyes of 150 days old hens were weared a blinder for 7 days, and received the different intensity light stimulation for 1.5 hours and dark adaptation 1.5 hours. After perfusion with fixative, their brains were removed from the skulls and were made into continuous paraffin sections. Using immunohistochemical method, expression of c-fos gene in mesencephalon and diencephalons was examined. The result showed that a number of Fos-like immunoreactive positive neurons were observed in hen mesencephalon and diencephalons after a light stimulation, being mainly present in left stratum griseum centrale (SGC) of tectum, nucleus rotundus (ROT), nucleus geniculatus lateralis pars ventralis (GLV), nucleus semilunaris (SLu), isthmi pars principais (Imc, Ipc), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), arcuate nucleus (ARC), and nucleus nervi oculomotorii (OMv). The expression of c-fos gene was varied with the different intensity light stimulation in hen, the immunoreactive intensity was the highest in 20Lux and 30Lux group, secondary in 40Lux, the lowest in 10Lux group within SGC, ROT, SLu, Glv, Imc and Ipc. That was highest in 20Lux group, gradually weakened in 30Lux and 40Lux group within PVN and ARC. The immunoreactive intensity was increased with the intensity of light within OMc. It indicated that the responses in central nervous system to the light stimulation vary with their intensity.

  The effects of different dosages of Burdock fructooligosaccharide on performance and nitrogen balance in sheep 2010, 26 (3):  15-18.  Abstract + ( 910 )   PDF ( 1273041KB )   ( 734 ) The experiment was conducted to examine the effects of Burdock fructo- oligosaccharide(BFOS) as additives on performance and nitrogen balance after it added to the sheep basal diet . 40 Small Tail Han sheep and Poll Dorset F2 Hybrids,3~4-month-old male lamp with an initial weight of 32 kg were randomly divided into 4 groups, which were dose BFOS of 0、3.2、6.4、9.6g/d diet respectively. The results showed that: performance and N balance in sheep was not obviously affected by BFOS supplementation (P>0.05). However, Compared to the control treatment ,Sheep fed BFOS tended to improve performance(such as daily gain,feed conversion etc) and N utilization, decrease N excretion.The addition level was 9.6g/d,it could improve performance and nitrogen balance in sheep.

  Expression of Leptin Receptor in Digestive System of Small Tail Han Sheep 2010, 26 (3):  19-22.  Abstract + ( 942 )   PDF ( 2253899KB )   ( 835 ) In the present study, we analysed expression of the leptin receptor in normal digestive system of Small Tail Han Sheep using Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry and Western Blot. Our results demonstrate: The structures of the organs are normal, and the shapes of cells are clearly visible. There are lots of positive brown granules in Chief cells and Parietal cells in abomasum as well as the mucosa epithelial cells and gland cells of duodenum. Three bands with a molecular mass close to 120KDa、110KD and 98KDa were identified by Western Blot. The Ob-R levels of 120KDa in abomasum were significantly higher than that of in small intestine. The levels of 110KDa were similar in the two organs. The expression of 98KDa Ob-R was weak. We inferred that Leptin receptor in digestive system can regulate the energy balance and appetite of Small Tail Han sheep.

  Inhibitory effect of Bacillus subtilis on pathogenic bacteria from poultry house 2010, 26 (3):  23-26.  Abstract + ( 981 )   PDF ( 1272495KB )   ( 942 ) Bacillus subtilis, which can produce a variety of antibacterial substances, has been used as probiotics in [Objective] The present work aims to study the inhibitory effect of Bacillus subtilis on pathogenic bacteria from poultry house. [Mothed] The microorganism collected from poultry house was isolated and cultured using conventional methods, and then, the strain and toxicity was identified using biochemistry and animal experiments. At the same time, the inhibitory effect of Bacillus subtilis isolated was evaluated with restrained slab experiment. [Result] The Bacillus subtilis isolated from the present work did not inhibit the growth of pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella, and Enterococcus, but it had inhibitory effect on Proteus spp bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus with different degree. [Conclusion] Bacillus subtilis might be useful in the inhibition of common pathogenic bacteria from poultry horse.

  Establishment and Optimization of ISSR-PCR Reaction System for Cauliflower 2010, 26 (3):  27-31.  Abstract + ( 1064 )   PDF ( 1486664KB )   ( 811 ) Abstract: Based on the genomic DNA extracted from cauliflower, the factors influenced ISSR were optimized and the effect of 5 factors such as annealing temperature, Taq DNA polymerase dosage, DNA templates concentration, primer concentration and dNTPs concentration on ISSR amplification were tested using single factor experiment. A reaction system and amplified procedure suitable for cauliflower were established, that is 25μl amplification reaction system containing 1×PCR buffer（Mg2+）, 0.75Ｕ Taq DNA polymerase, 0.15mmol/L dNTPs, 0.5μmol/Lprimer, 60ng template DNA. The optimized annealing temperature is 48.6℃. The optimal amplified procedure was as follows: after a pre-denaturing of 4 min at 72℃, 35 cycles were performed with 30s for denaturing at 94℃, annealing of 45s at 48.6℃,extension of 1.5 min at 65℃, 7 minutes of extension at 65℃ in the final cycle and hold at 4℃. The extablishment of the ISSR-PCR reaction system could settle favorable foundation for identification of cauliflower cultivars, classification and analysis of the genetic diversity of cauliflower using ISSR molecular marker techniques.

  The Comparative Analysis on the Study of Genetic Relationship of Bryophytes Based on RAPD and SRAP Markers 2010, 26 (3):  32-36.  Abstract + ( 1037 )   PDF ( 1359500KB )   ( 849 ) RAPD and SRAP markers were applied to assess genetic relationship in 11 individuals of bryophytes . The results showed that both of tecniques dectected high proportion of polymorphic bands, which were 100% from RAPD and 96.9%from SRAP. By means of cluster analysis using SPSS11.5 software , the resultant dendrograms frrom RAPD and SRAP analyses were showed the generally correspondence with morphological classification except for some species among family. Comparing the two techniques, there were also some difference between SRAP and RAPD markers, mainly in the classfication of Fissidens grandifrons Brid .and Anomodon minor(Hedw.)Fuernr. ssp.integerrimus(Mitt.)Iwats.. Therefore, RAPD and SRAP had certain limitations, and we should be combined and confirmed with both in practice in order to obtain objective results.

  Preliminary Study on DNA Extraction and Molecular Identification of Green Tea 2010, 26 (3):  37-41.  Abstract + ( 976 )   PDF ( 1538818KB )   ( 848 ) Total DNA from green tea was extracted through improved CTAB method.Results indicated that the high quality DNA from green tea could be obtained with new method, the DNA yield ranged from 101– 498 μg/g tea sample for various green tea samples,and the average yield was 249 μg/g tea sample. The identification of green tea with ISSR suggested that different green tea produces could be effectively differentiated,which provided the reference for further research on molecular identification of green tea.

  Identification of microsatellites from skin of sheep 2010, 26 (3):  42-45.  Abstract + ( 1003 )   PDF ( 1250788KB )   ( 643 ) 3,295 ESTs from NCBI were mined to develop EST-SSR markers.By using SSRHunter soft tools, a total of 209 SSRs were identified from 196 ESTs. The frequency of EST-SSRs was 6.3%. The dinucleotide repeat motif was the most abundant SSR, accounting for 71.8%, followed by 9.1%, 8.1%, 5.7% and 5.3%, respectively,for tri-, hexa-, penta- and tetra-nucleotide repeats. Among the di- nucleotide repeats, AC/TG (31%)were the most abundant type. 22 primer pairs were designed f rom microsatellite,18 pairs could show clear PCR products by electrophoresis,and 6 pairs show highly polymorphism in Chinese Merino sheep. The mean PIC value was 0.7001, ranging from 0.5499 to 0.7607.These EST-SSR markers can be used for further study such as in genetic mapping, identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs),and comparative genomics studies of sheep.

  Effect of Organic Acid and Amino Acid on the Mycelial Growth of Agaricus Bisporus 2010, 26 (3):  46-51.  Abstract + ( 1027 )   PDF ( 1382579KB )   ( 694 ) In the article, the effects of three kinds of organic acid from citric acid, tartaric acid and succinic acid and three kinds of amino acid from alanine, tyrosine and arginine in different concentration on the growth of Agaricus bisporus were studied by the solid and liquid culture methods. The growth parameters of the clony diameter, extracellular protein content, mycelium dry weight, intracellular polysaccharide content, peroxidase activity and reducing sugar content were analyzed in treat groups. The results showed that the growth of Agaricus bisporus could be promoted by adding 0.04% citric acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid and arginine. Compared to the control in the medium, the mycelium dry weight was highest by adding succinic acid, it increased 131%; the extracellular protein content was highest by adding arginine, it increased 151%; intracellular polysaccharide content and peroxidase activity of Agaricus bisporus were the highest value by adding citric acid, they increased 21% and 146% respectively. But higher concentration organic acid and amino acid would inhibit the growth of Agaricus bisporus.

  Tissue Culture of Manihot esculenta Crantz ND-50 2010, 26 (3):  52-54.  Abstract + ( 856 )   PDF ( 1254485KB )   ( 807 ) The research aimed to study the tissue culture of varieties ND-50 of cassava by using its node sections taken as explants including multiplication and subculture .The results showed that MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+IAA0.1mg/L was suitable for the multiplication medium of tissue culture seedling. MS+KT1.0mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L was better for subculture medium. The tissue culture of cassava ND-50 could provide references for its seedlings rapid propagation and promotion.

  The molecular mechanisms of low temperature and photoperiod in growth habits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 2010, 26 (3):  55-58.  Abstract + ( 986 )   PDF ( 1191364KB )   ( 972 ) Temperature and photoperiod are main influencing factors on development of wheat. Vernalization and photoperiodic response not only determin ecological distribution of wheat, but also influence yield through regulating the developping stage, organ building, inflorescence initiation and proceeding. This paper review the molecular mechanisms and interaction model for the effect of low temperature and photoperiod on growth habit of whaet.

  Study progress on Application of EST (expressed sequence tags) in the functional genomics 2010, 26 (3):  59-63.  Abstract + ( 877 )   PDF ( 1100377KB )   ( 1122 ) The plant EST (expressed sequence tags) program is one of the most important parts which compose the plant genome program. The expansion of EST data base is foundation of development of EST markers. In this paper, the development of five EST markers (EST-SSR, EST-PCR, EST-SNP, EST-AFLP, and EST-RFLP) and their application on comparative genomics, phylogeny and function studies of gene. Some problem exit in the development of EST markers is also discussed.

  Research of the T-DNA Introduced to Watermelon and Molecular Marker Via the Stigma Smeared Method 2010, 26 (3):  64-67.  Abstract + ( 815 )   PDF ( 1795858KB )   ( 704 ) Abstract：From the method of the foreign DNA introduced to Arabidopsis thaliana via flowers dip, we used stigma smear method to transfer T-DNA into watermelon and research T-DNA molecular marker. The results showed the ideal tranform specie is ZXG01078 with the highest fruit setting rate and the most deviant seedlings. The best concentration of the watermelon seeds treated by kanamycin is 500～700mg/L with differences among the species; the best concentration of the watermelon leaf treated by kanamycin is 4000～8000mg/L, and the best position is spire leaf or youngleaf with no difference among the species. The steadily variation appearing of no pointing and twinborn seedling indicated the normal growth interfered by foreign DNA in the progeny.

  Research Progress on Introducing efficient photosynthetic C4 Genes into C3 Plant 2010, 26 (3):  68-71.  Abstract + ( 896 )   PDF ( 1206190KB )   ( 1898 ) Plants can be classified into three types such as C3, C4, and CAM plant according to their CO2 assimilation mechanisms. C4 plant acquired a series of high performance photosynthetic genes in evolution, which confers to more efficient photosynthesis than C3 plant under adverse conditions such as high photo-intensity, temperature, and oxygen partial pressure. It’s been a hot area in crop breeding to introduce C4 high performance genes into C3 plant, including many agronomically important crop species, to improve their yield. In this article, we reviewed the CO2 assimilation characteristic of C4 plant and its application in crop yield improvement. The physiological characteristic of C3 transgenic plant with C4 genes was introduced and the possibility in introducing C4 photosynthetic pathway into C3 plant was also discussed.

  Study on Anti-browning of fresh-cut lotus root by microwave ZHANG Shao-Ying 2010, 26 (3):  72-76.  Abstract + ( 964 )   PDF ( 1305163KB )   ( 814 ) In order to find a simple and highly-efficient anti-browning microwave technology of fresh-cut lotus root by microwave treatment, the optimized technology of anti-browning were searched by the single factor testing and orthogonal experiment design method. The results showed that the best technology is as that: the microwave fire power of P50, the microwave time of 90s, the thickness of lotus root of 5-6mm; it was the most effective way to inhibit PPO activity, to reduce browning degree and the decrease of main nutritional components（starch, total sugar, soluble protein） content of lotus root. Fresh-cut lotus root can be stored 7 days at 4℃ through this technology.

  Study on the Mixed Starter Cultures In the Fermented Sausage 2010, 26 (3):  77-80.  Abstract + ( 914 )   PDF ( 1307414KB )   ( 870 ) The Lactobacillus plantarum，Staphylococci and Debaryomyces hanseni were used as starter culture.The best production process can be achieved by the orthogonal test design and the experiment of salt tolerance and NaNO2 resistance .The optimal technology was that the ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum，Staphylococci and Debaryomyces hanseni 2:1:2,fermented temperature 30°C, the starter cultures 2% and fermented time 18h.

  Biochemical Components Diversity and the Quality of Green Tea on Local Tea Germplasm Resources in Guizhou 2010, 26 (3):  81-85.  Abstract + ( 1056 )   PDF ( 1189471KB )   ( 907 ) Biochemical components diversity and quality of green tea about local tea germplasm resources in Guizhou were studied by physical and chemical inspecting or tea sensory testing. The results showed that the content of water extract is 40.7%～48.7%（average 45.0%），amnio acids 2.9%～4.4%（average 3.3%），polyphenols 21.0%～38.2%（average 32.6%），polyphenols/amnio acids 6.4～12.3（average 10.0），caffeine2.5%～3.2%（average 2.8%），total catechin 13.54%～17.07%（average 14.77%），catechin guality index 2.12～3.62（average 2.80）.Amnio acids content in GT–02 is higher than Fu Ding Da Bai Cha，polyphenols/amnio acids in GT–01and GT–02 are lower than Fu Ding Da Bai Cha，totol catechin and catechin guality index in GT–07、GT–08、GT–09 and GT–10 are higher than or close to Fu Ding Da Bai Cha，the scores of green tea sensory quality of GT–12 、GT–13 and GT–14 are higher than or close to Fu Ding Da Bai Cha，the results indicated that these resources have a good green tea quality.Beside this，GT–10 tea population resource showed higher EGCG content as 8.66% than other resources，it is worth developing.

  Study on Melanin Extraction from Black Rice by Microwave and Orthogonal Test 2010, 26 (3):  86-89.  Abstract + ( 1004 )   PDF ( 1340466KB )   ( 892 ) The optimal conditions for microwave-assisted extraction of melanin from black rice were investigated by the orthogonal experiment. The content of melanin as research index in the extract was tested by spectrophotometry and the influencing factors of melanin were optimized. The results suggested that the ethanol concentration should be the statistically significant factor. The optimal parameters of the extraction process were as follows: ethanol concentration (80%), solid/liquid rate (1:20), microwave output power (480W) and microwave irradiation time (120s). Under the optimal experimental condition the extraction rate of melanin from black rice reached 3.2%, which was increased by a fctor of 2.2 compared with the former data.

  Identirication of the natural melanin ,in seedcoat of black Brassicanapus 2010, 26 (3):  90-93.  Abstract + ( 819 )   PDF ( 932607KB )   ( 893 ) The study analyzed the infrared spectrum and uv-spectrum character of black seedcoat melanin,using black Brassicanapus as Materials and man-hair as reference,so expect provide evidence for using amd Looking for natural melanin ,Finally we came to the conclusion that the melanin of black seedcoat was structure model of both inodole and catechol from our experiments

  The Selection Effects of Maize Hybrids by Different Trail Designs 2010, 26 (3):  94-98.  Abstract + ( 738 )   PDF ( 1193336KB )   ( 701 ) In order to understand the selection effects of maize hybrids by different trail designs, the contrast studies on the yield and plant-type appearances of maize hybrids were conducted in this article. The results demonstrated that the high significant correlation at 1% level exists between the variety trial and the single-plant trial, and that the plant-type appearances in the two environments are more consistent. Some harmful plant-type traits appeared amply in single-plant trial, so it is more easy to choose elite hybrids and to eliminate worthless hybrids. Meanwhile, the yield appearance in identical trial has not significant correlation with that in variety trial. Using single plant design for yield test of maize hybrid can not only resolves the problem of disturbing from near lines each other, but also save many experimental soil, work and other pays.

  Review of Toxic Effect of Cadmium on Oryza Sativa and Remediations 2010, 26 (3):  99-104.  Abstract + ( 840 )   PDF ( 1109503KB )   ( 1062 ) Cadmium, as one of unnecessary elements for plant growth, is toxic and easier to absorb and it can accumulate in rice to harm human and animal health through the food chain. Based on literatures，the poisonous effect of cadmium on Oryza sativa were summarized, absorption, distribution, translocation and accumulation of cadmium in rice plants were reviewed, the remediations to alleviate the poisonous effect presently were discussed.

  The Main Styles of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Brassica napus L. and Their Applications in China 2010, 26 (3):  105-110.  Abstract + ( 915 )   PDF ( 1135489KB )   ( 1218 ) In china, the main styles of cytoplasmic male sterility in Brassica napus L. are ogura CMS、nap CMS、pol CMS、shan 2A CMS、Hau CMS、NCa CMS、Nsa CMS and NEA CMS. Pol CMS and shan 2A CMS are having played very important roles in utilization of rapeseed heterosis in china. Breeding and application of new cytoplasmic male sterility not only enrich rapeseed germplasm of cytoplasmic male sterility, but also guarantee sustainable development of rapeseed industry in china.

  Studies on Varieties of Leaf 15N Abundance and Nitrogen Concentration in Rice 2010, 26 (3):  111-116.  Abstract + ( 782 )   PDF ( 1272398KB )   ( 699 ) A series of potted experiments were conducted with three rice cultivars (Lindao11,Shengdao13 and Yangguang200) to investigate the relationships between rates of fertilization and leaf nitrogen concentration (including 15N abundance and total nitrogen) . The results showed that leaf nitrogen concentration and 15N abundance wer sensitive to increased nitrogen supply. The relationships between leaf nitrogen concentrations and the rates of fertilization indicated that the 1st leaf total nitrogen concentrations significantly corelated with the rates of fertilization just at jointing stage. However 15N abundance of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd leaf were significantly correlated with the rates of fertilization at 0.01 level during whole growth stages. The nitrogen concentration were the highest at jointing stage,and those were the lowest at milky stage ,but nitrogen concentration differed among heading stage and booting stage not in a big way. 15N tracer method showed that the 15N abundance in lower leaf were higher than that in upper leaf at the low rates of fertilization and 15N abundance increased at high rates of fertilization at jointing stage. But nitrogen transferred to the fringe from the 1st leaf, as a result 15N abundance in upper leaf reduced at booting stage. With nitrogen’transfer from lower leaves to upper leaves at heading and milky stages, 15N abundance in lower leaf were distinctively less than in the upper leaf. The 15N abundance change can reflect the difference condition of fertilizer supply. The correlationship between 15N abundance and nitrogenous fertilizer quantity is better to show relations between nitrogenous fertilizer quantity and nitrogen nutrition.

  The Redistribution of Reserved-assimilate of Aerobic Rice at Seed-filling Stage 2010, 26 (3):  117-120.  Abstract + ( 871 )   PDF ( 1217279KB )   ( 655 ) 3H-glucose trace technique were applied to rice to study the response the redistribution of reserved-assimilate to aerobic condition at seed-filling stage. Labelled the top full-opened leaf at late tillering stage, the mark stored mainly in sheath and the second leaf from the top at flowering stage. The source of radioactivity in spike came mainly from sheath and the top leaf from flowering to mature stage, and the radioactivity in spike of paddy rice was more than aerobic rice. There were more non-structural mark in aerobic rice than paddy rice at flowering stage, while the amount of redistributed mark to spike of aerobic rice during grain filling period was less than paddy rice.

  RESEARCH ON HEAD SMUT RESISTANCE IN SEMI-EXOTIC POPULATIONS CONTAINING CIMMYT MAIZE RESOURCE 2010, 26 (3):  121-125.  Abstract + ( 1027 )   PDF ( 1175915KB )   ( 837 ) The resistances to maize head smut of some lines from maize semi-exotic populations containing CIMMYT germplasm and local lines were identified by the method of artificial inoculation under field condition. The result suggested that in all lines sellected from semi-exotic populations constructed by crossing CIMMYT germplasm Pob46 and Pob45 with lines in Heilongjiang province, more than a half of them were middle resistant to head smut and the high resistance accounted for 35.9%. The introduction and utilization of CIMMYT maize germplasm in general whould enhance resistance resources to head smut Heilongjiang province.

  The Preliminary Report of Yielding Ability and Stability Test of Castor New Hybrids 2010, 26 (3):  126-128.  Abstract + ( 1100 )   PDF ( 1255482KB )   ( 1166 ) The yielding ability and stability is an important indicator that will to decide a new varieties of castor is good or not. The parameter was obtained that can decide the yielding ability and stability of new varieties by the statistical analysis of the test results on five locations during the same year. The yielding ability and stability of the species in the test have been analyzed according the parameter. The results showed that Zibo castor No.7 and Zibo castor No.5 were provided with the excellent yields and stability, and there is a wide range of adaptability. Zibo castor No.6 also has Higher yields and stability, If planted in appropriate areas and to take reasonable measures it can also get high and stable yields.

  Study on Explants Sterilization and Initial Culture Medium Selection of Pinus elliottii × P. caribaea 2010, 26 (3):  129-133.  Abstract + ( 986 )   PDF ( 1459040KB )   ( 858 ) This study intended to establish a culture system that would induce explant sterilization and initial medium. The stem of hybrid pine was 2 years old, which seeds were made of Pinus elliottii across Pinus caribaea of Australia. The results showed that the best way of explants sterilization was as follows: stem was washed in water for 5 minutes, in sterile water with tween-20 for 1 minute, in 70% ethanol for 10 seconds, in 0.1% HgCl2 for 6.5 minutes, and washed in sterile water for 5 times. Selection of the initial culture medium was with MS, 1/2 MS, GD, DCR , WPM and N6, which were common culture mediums on pine. 6-BA and NAA were also added to the selected medium. Inductivity, proliferation, elongation and root rate of bud were as the evaluating indicator. The better culture medium of hybrid pine was GD+BA(0.1－1.0mg/L)+NAA(0.1－0.4 mg/L).

  China Ancient Forest culture 2010, 26 (3):  134-137.  Abstract + ( 665 )   PDF ( 1165118KB )   ( 813 )

  Research Progress in the Study of Shoot Shrivelling in Fruit Trees 2010, 26 (3):  138-141.  Abstract + ( 1163 )   PDF ( 1086966KB )   ( 902 ) Shoot shrivelling is a common phenomenon for many kinds of fruit trees occurring in the early spring in the north of China, which often seriously cuts down the yield and even ruins the whole fruit tree. In this paper, the difference between shoot shrivelling and freezing injury are pointed out; the damage, occurring period, and the caustic factors of shoot shriveling, the relationship between water content of shoot and shoot shrivelling and the control measures of shoot shriveling are reviewed.Some unsolved problems about shoot shrivelling are also put forward.

  Diagnosis and ITS Phylogenetic Analysis of Inonotus hispidus 2010, 26 (3):  142-145.  Abstract + ( 917 )   PDF ( 1641338KB )   ( 1055 ) A kind of white rot related fruition bodies on the trunk of Fraxinus mandshurica was diagnosed as Inonotus hispidus by the characters of morphology. Specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was carried out successfully from DNA extracted from fruiting bodies. The length of the PCR product is 500bp. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region for 11 species of Inonotus (10 was from NCBI) was done. The phenogram inferred from the alignment suggested that I. hispidus and I. radiatus were evolutionarily closely related to one another in this study. I. circinatus and I. tomentosus were evolutionarily closely related to one another; I. cuticularis and I. rickii were evolutionarily closely related to one another; I. dryophilus and I. rheades were evolutionarily closely related to one another. I. circinatus, I. tomentosus, I. hispidus and I. radiatus might had the same ancestor; I. cuticularis, I. rickii, I. obliquus and I. glomeratus might had the same ancestor; I. dryophilus, I. rheades and I. tamaricis might had the same ancestor.

  Winter paddy field hybrid rice cultivation technology to strengthen research in the eastern and southern districts of sichuan province 2010, 26 (3):  146-151.  Abstract + ( 908 )   PDF ( 1286378KB )   ( 703 ) Abstract: In the southeast Sichuan application technology of rice intensification, as long as the selection of the grains in a combination of less than 173, will be able to obtain a significant increase production, improve the rice rice rate, lower chalky rice rate, and to the provincial Ministry of species, 1hm2 increase revenue and reduce expenditure for more than 1250 yuan.

  Study on suitable planting density of summer corn update variety Luoyu 4 hao in Huanghuai area 2010, 26 (3):  152-156.  Abstract + ( 688 )   PDF ( 1243627KB )   ( 688 ) Abstract: 【OBJECTIVE】 In order to study on the the reasonable density of Luoyu 4 hao corn, thus causes the improved seed and the area ecological environment adapts, the display community superiority captures the high production.【METHOD】Use the method of Single factor randomized block experiment to study the Influence of density to yield and agronomic characters. 【RESULTS AND CONCLUSION】Under high density planter condition，Luoyu 4 hao shows Lodging resistance, and good seed. In 75000 /hm2 density range,it has non-empty trees, lodging and bare sharp phenomenon. under the medium sludge fertilizer condition,Luoyu 4 hao’s suitable density is 60000-75000 /hm2, is the dense corn hybrid, so increase the planting density, in order to ensure sufficient harvesting ears is the key to achieve high yield.

  EFFECT OF Harvest Dat OF Yield ON SILAGE MAIZE 2010, 26 (3):  157-160.  Abstract + ( 1055 )   PDF ( 1279792KB )   ( 904 ) Based on the research of silage maize Longfudan208, Dongqing1, Jisi8hao and Zhongyuandan32, this article studies the influence of different harvest date on the yield of Fresh matter and dry matter. Results of the research show that:Fresh matter reach the most 20-30 days after pollination and dry matter increases as harvest date delayed.From analysis of dry matter accumulation, the best harvest date northern cold areas is 40-50days after pollination.

  Effects of different plant growth substances on the growth and root development of water cultured cucumber seedlings 2010, 26 (3):  161-166.  Abstract + ( 1092 )   PDF ( 1341479KB )   ( 1351 ) Effects of 16 plant growth substances (PGSs), including auxin, gibberellin (GA), diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6), compound sodium nitrophenolate, seaweed fertilizer, cytokinin, abscisic acid, sodium salicylate, paclobutrazol, pyroligneous liquor etc. on the growth and root development of water cultured cucumber seedlings were investigated. Among these PGSs, the promoting effects of DA-6 and GA4+7 were higher than that of control. Seaweed fertilizer could promote the development of leaves and lateral roots but inhibit the elongation of taproots. Sodium naphthalene acetate, sodium salicylate and abscisic acid showed strong inhibition and toxicity to water cultured seedlings. The results obtained above showed some significance for PGSs application in farms.

  Regulation of Soluble Sugars on Photosynthesis in “Beta” and “Cabernet Sauvignon” Leaves 2010, 26 (3):  167-172.  Abstract + ( 1043 )   PDF ( 1402831KB )   ( 931 ) Photosynthesis parameters, contents of carbohydrate such as glucose, fructose, and starch, activities of invertase and amylase, along with their relationships were studied in the functional leaves of one-year-old twigs of two grape cultivars “Beta” and “Cabernet Sauvignon” after the flower stage. Results showed that the apparent photosynthesis rate and the Rubisco carboxylation efficiency decreased after the flower period. Meanwhile, the fructose content kept constant but the contents of glucose and sucrose increased with fluctuation patterns in the two cultivars’ functional leaves. In the same stage, the neutral invertase had a small variation but the α-amylase and the β-amylase had higher activities in the former stage and the latter stage, respectively, in both “Beta” and “Cabernet Sauvignon” functional leaves. After the flower period, the Rubisco carboxylation efficiency had a highly significant positive correlation with the apparent photosynthesis rate, and a significant negative correlation with the ratio of glucose/(fructose+sucrose) in “Beta” and “Cabernet Sauvignon” functional leaves. There were highly significant positive correlation and significant positive correlation between the glucose contents and the activities of β-amylase in “Beta” and “Cabernet Sauvignon” functional leaves, respectively. It can be deduced that: after the flower stage, the accumulation of glucose in “Beta” and “Cabernet Sauvignon” functional leaves is mainly generated from the metabolism pathway of β-amylase, which bring about the feedback inhibition to the photosynthesis of the two cultivars’ functional leaves.

  subcellular distribution of heat shock protein 70 in young grape leaves during cross-adaptation to temperature stresses 2010, 26 (3):  173-178.  Abstract + ( 1128 )   PDF ( 4990169KB )   ( 1244 ) In order to investigate the protecting role of heat shock proteins in the cross-adaptation to temperature stresses induced by cold acclimation (CA) or heat acclimation (HA). Leaves from two-years-old young grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Jingxiu) plants were used as experimental materials. The subcellular localizations of HSP70 within mesophyll cells were observed using immuno-gold labeling electron microscopic technique. The results showed that CA pretreatment could enhance the expression level of HSP70 during heat stress. Compared to non-acclimated plants, the density of HSP70 gold particles was obviously increased in the nucleus and chloroplast of the CA leaves, especially 3 h after heat stress. Similar to CA, HA pretreatment can protect the expression of HSP70 during cold stresses, and the density of HSP70 gold particles remains high level than that in control plants. These data offered the cytological evidence of HSP70 was contributed to the cross-adaptation to different temperature stresses induced by CA-, or HA-pretreatment in grape plants.

  Change of Anthocyanin Content and Quality Index in Pomegranate Fruits during different developmental period 2010, 26 (3):  179-183.  Abstract + ( 1026 )   PDF ( 1414065KB )   ( 696 ) Change of anthocyanin content in juice and quality index were studied in ten pomegranate cultivars. The result indicated that the anthocyanin content, hundred grain weight, soluble solid content and fruit juice yield were highest in Oct.05,2009 and juice color increased. The anthocyanin content of Daqingpitian juice was highest and lowest in Sanbai. The difference of anthocyanin content in different pomegranate cultivars was significant. The fruit hundred grain weight of different pomegranate cultivars existed extremely remarkable difference. The hundred grain weight and fruit juice yield of Damayatian were highest and existed remarkable difference with other cultivars. The soluble solid of Daqingpisuan was highest. The difference of Daqingpisuan and other cultivars was significant.

  Study on development mechanism of Crocus sativus L. corm 2010, 26 (3):  184-187.  Abstract + ( 639 )   PDF ( 1491380KB )   ( 695 ) During corm development in vitro and in vivo, corm size, carbohydrates and endogenous hormones were determined. Similar changes of carbohydrates occurred in the corms in vitro and in vivo. It’s endogenous hormones that regulated morphological differentiation. The increase of IAA/(Z+ZR) ratio enhanced the stem enlargement and starch accumulation. High IAA/(Z+ZR) ratio, high contents of IAA and ABA, as well as longer corm growth period resulted in bigger corm size and higher starch content in corms in vivo.

  Characteristics and the Biomass Production and Soil Water of Sown Pastures in Ansai Loess hilly-gully Region 2010, 26 (3):  188-195.  Abstract + ( 903 )   PDF ( 1533296KB )   ( 704 ) ABSTRACT Sown pasture is an important part of ecological construction and agricultural production in semiarid loess hilly-gully region. It is also important for selecting proper sown pasture types and management methods after comparing the biomass production, soil water contents of different sown pastures. The yearly change of the biomass production, soil water and nutrient content were compared between lowland and slopland at Ansai loess hilly-gully region. Soil water characteristics of sown pastures: The change of soil water content in 0-100cm soil depth of lowland sown pasture was more active, and which was the active layer; soil water content in 100-350cm soil depth was related with the root system consumption, and was hypo-active layer; the seasonal change of soil water content in 350-500cm was small, and which was relatively stable layer. The soil drying phenomenon was distinctive in 350-500cm soil layer of switchgrass and alfalfa. In 2004-2005, the soil water storage in 0-200cm decreased from Aril to September, while increased from September to November. There were great differences among pastures in soil depth below 200cm, but the seasonal change was similar. The 0-100cm soil water content in late autumn was higher than in springtime at slope pasturelands, and there were no evident soil water stress in 100-500cm in each pastureland.

  Studies & Compares on different Field uses Types of Soil Erodibility in Ningxia Middle Arid Area 2010, 26 (3):  196-201.  Abstract + ( 982 )   PDF ( 1462155KB )   ( 713 ) Abstract: We studies and comparative analysis of different field use types of soil erodibility about its surface roughness(Z0), wind erosion quantity and its correlation and correlation with surface fixtures on no-tillage field, the traditional tillage field, winter wheat field, the returning farmland to grassland (alfalfa) and shrub field (Caragana Fabr.) in this article. Observation we can see the traditional tillage field wind erosion is the most seriously, soil erodibility least, is a major source of local dust storm. Shrub field and the returning farmland to grassland surface roughness(Z0) are high than traditional tillage field 3.61 and 2.91 times. No-tillage, returning farmland to grassland, shrub field can be effective in reduces wind erosion, soil erodibility capacity increases significantly. The mainly field erosion of conventional tillage fields, winter wheat are concentrate in the near-surface, it is belongs near-surface sand. Improvement “weeds-frequency degree” that is, vegetation coverage, the effective prevention and treatment in arid area can increase soil erodibility obvious. its belong power correlation between observation height and its sand erosion quantity in no-till field, others fields are polynomial relations.

  Soil Nutients Management and Balanced Fertilization based on GIS in grape region 2010, 26 (3):  202-205.  Abstract + ( 851 )   PDF ( 1550562KB )   ( 751 ) Spatial variability and regionalized balanced fertilization technology of soil nutrients in a grape region with an area of 200ha was studied using geo-statistics.The results showed that the grape region was widely variation in N, P, Mn, Zn and S, the C.V. was 35.1~63.3%. Spatial distribution map of soil nutrient content showed that soil N, Mn contents were changed with big blocks, soil P, K, Zn, B contents were changed with small blocks. With regionalized balance fertilization technology on grape, yield increased by 13.7% to14.8 %, economic profit by 17040 to 17820 RMB yuan ha-1。

  Morphological Characteristics Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Macadamia (Macadamia spp.) Germplasm Resources 2010, 26 (3):  206-215.  Abstract + ( 1001 )   PDF ( 1462714KB )   ( 844 ) In order to know genetic background of macadamia germplasms introduced, a genetic diversity analysis involving 64 accessions of Macadamia was performed using 41 morphological characteristics. Statistic analysis and R-style cluster analysis were used to examine the 41 morphological characteristics (including 19 quantitative traits and 22 qualitative traits) of macadamia based on the software DPSv7.05. The result showed: there were striking dissimilarity among characteristics; at the Euclidean distance approximately 11.72, the 41 characteristics were divided into two groups. There were significant differences among characteristics within their group. Most characteristics were independent one another and had important meaning in macadamia’s taxology. The result, based on Q-style cluster analysis, showed: Euclidean distance of 64 germplams ranging from 3.15 to 12.39, indicated high level of genetic diversity in these germplams. And the 64 germplams were divided into two groups at the Euclidean distance approximately 12. Group one included only T2，which belonged to related species of macadamia cultivation. Group two included the rest, which could be further divided into three sub-groups at the Euclidean distance approximately 10. The first sub-group included seven accessions: 695, 900, D4, HY, Guang9, Tet.-1, and Tet.-2, which belonged to hybrids of M.integrifolia and M. tetraphylla. The second sub-group included two accessions: A4 and A16, which also belongs to hybrids of M.integrifolia and M. tetraphylla, but were more similar to M. integrifolia. The third sub-group included the other 54 accessions that were all offsprings of M integrifolia. The cluster result, based on morphological characteristics analysis, was consistent with the existing system of taxology. Meanwhile, the blood relationship figure of 64 accessions was also obtained, and could be applied to combinations of cultivars, selection of hybrid parent and introduction from abroad.

  The HPLC detection of endogenous hormones from seedlings in several species of Acacia 2010, 26 (3):  216-221.  Abstract + ( 1088 )   PDF ( 1507215KB )   ( 789 ) The seedlings of several species of Acacia were used as the materials in this experiment, the extraction of endogenous hormones, and establish the HPLC detection method of endogenous hormones of Acacia in the experiment. According to the research, the HPLC detection method of endogenous hormones in several species Acacia were different, and the differents of concentration of endogenous hormones were fairly large in several species of Acacia

  Study on Characteristics of Photosynthesis of Three Indoor Ornamental Foliage Plants 2010, 26 (3):  222-225.  Abstract + ( 680 )   PDF ( 1272799KB )   ( 711 ) Using the LCPro+，Diurnal Changes of Photosynthetic Rate、photosynthesis rate、light compensation point and light saturation point of three indoor ornamental foliage plants in different light treatments were determined and analysised, and Through analyzing the photosynthetic characters, The result indicates that shade tolerance presents： Scindapus aureum＞Calathea makoyana＞Begonia rex。

  The effect of different ventilation space on growth of tomato 2010, 26 (3):  226-230.  Abstract + ( 715 )   PDF ( 1379920KB )   ( 713 ) With the method of change the size of ventilation space of root-zone .In this paper ,The effects of differentt root-zone environment on tomato was studied.The results showed that contents of CO2 and O2 in root-zone were significantly different among the four manners of ventilation, CO2 content of CK treatment was the highest（2.1﹪）, and O2 content of T2 treatment was the highest（19.3％）. But T1 treatment had a high value in the aspect of root activities and NR; T2 treatment had the best yield and nutration quality . Together, T2 treatment was better to used .

  Mycelium Growth Characters and Culture Medium Formula Screening of Gomphidius rutilus 2010, 26 (3):  231-233.  Abstract + ( 789 )   PDF ( 1225150KB )   ( 735 ) Abstract: Mycelium growth characters of Gomphidius rutilus strains gained from wild fruitbodies by tissue separate were observed. Culture medium formula of the first-degree strains、the second-degree strains、the third-degree strains and liquid culture strains were screened. The results showed that the mycelium of the Gomphidius rutilus strains fully colonized in the PDA slant in 4-5 days under the temperature 25℃，fully colonized in the diameter 90mm PDA plate in 3 days，and still restored to growth under the temperature -18℃ in 3 days. The best medium formula of the first-degree strains was corn flour add PDA medium. The cottonseed hull or the pine forest soil add fermented corncob were more useful for the second-degree and the third-degree strains growth. All kind of PD medium were suitable for the growth of Gomphidius rutilus liquid culture strains. The mycelium were more densify and stronger on the medium add the corn flour、yeast and manure to crop extraction. Keywords: Gomphidius rutilus ; mycelium; medium

  Studies on the spatial distribution of Empoasca vitis(Gothe) in organic tea garden 2010, 26 (3):  234-237.  Abstract + ( 1080 )   PDF ( 1325212KB )   ( 830 ) The spatial distribution of Empoasca vitis(Gothe) in organic tea garden was systematically investigated. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the number of adults, nymphae and eggs of E. vitis in all directions of tea trees. The number of adults, nymphae and eggs of E. vitis is the most on the upper part of tea trees and the less on the lower. In Tieguanyin (Oolong tea) and Fuding White Tea (green tea), the distribution of eggs of E. vitis is both above the third leaf position.

  Determination of Fenpropathrin and Deltamethrin Residues in Tea by High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography with Solid Phase Extraction 2010, 26 (3):  238-241.  Abstract + ( 959 )   PDF ( 1448561KB )   ( 820 ) A simple and rapid method was developed for determining fenpropathrin and deltamethrin in tea. Pesticides were extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned up by solid phase extraction, detected by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. The results indicated that the detection limits of fenpropathrin (Rf=0.49) and deltamethrin (Rf=0.64) were 20ng and 10 ng, respectively. Recoveries of fenpropathrin and deltamethrin in tea with this analytical method (the concentrations of fenpropathrin and deltamethrin fortified were 0.50~10.0 mg/kg) were 94.8-108% and 90.5-102% respectively. The RSDs were 1.71-6.22% and 3.82-6.39 %, respectively. The precision and accuracy of this method were generally fit for analysis of fenpropathrin and deltamethrin residues in tea.

  Identification of One Bacillus thuringiensis Highly Toxic to Hyphantria cunea 2010, 26 (3):  242-244.  Abstract + ( 1037 )   PDF ( 1532761KB )   ( 693 ) Bacillus thuringiensis strain HYW-8 was isolated from the soil in the city of Yichun by antibiotic method.It produced small diamond-shaped crystals. It was identified that contained cry1A,cry1E gene and an unknown cry2 gene by PCR-RFLP.Bioassay showed that the strain HYW-8 had high insecticidal activity to Hyphantria cunea.The LC50 was 0.74ug/ml,which was lower than the standard strain of Bt subsp kurstaki strain HD-1.We suggested that the potential of the strain HYW-8 for used in microbial control of the larvae of Hyphantria cunea.

  Study on risk assessment and zoning of agricultural arid disaster in Heilongjiang province 2010, 26 (3):  245-248.  Abstract + ( 811 )   PDF ( 2004831KB )   ( 1549 ) Abstract: This paper divides the arid extent by using precipitation anomaly equation from 1971 to2000, analysis the arid distribution law in different period, study on the corn arid disaster risk index DDRI and zoning by using human survival environmental risk assessment method and GIS technology. The research results as followed: (1) the occurrence frequency of general and strong arid disaster are highest in 1970s, 1990s as followed, the lowest in 1980s in Heilongjiang province; (2) the high risk region of corn arid disaster centralized in the west of Heilongjiang province namely Qiqihar and Daqing region, this region is the important agricultural arid defense region, the low risk and lower risk region most distribute in the middle region and the east plain.

  ffects of different planting mode on yield, water and fertilizer use efficiency of Silage maize in Oasis 2010, 26 (3):  249-252.  Abstract + ( 1004 )   PDF ( 1234573KB )   ( 762 ) Effects of different planting mode on yield and water and fertilizer use efficiencies were studied by field experiment in the marginal oasis regions of northern part of Linze in middle reach of Heihe River Basin. The results showed that: compared with one plant in one hole, the plant height, root depth and root-shoot ratio all decreased for two other planting modes. The results of variance analysis revealed the root-shoot ratio for two plants in one hole had significant difference with one plant in one hole, other growth parameters for two plants in one hole and three plants in one hole had no significant difference with one plant in one hole; the above-ground biomass yield of two plants in one hole were maximum in three planting modes and the fresh weight was 102t?hm-2, and increased by 29.4% compared with one plant in one hole，the results of variance analysis showed the above-ground biomass yield of two plants in one hole had significant difference with that in one plant in one hole, but no significant difference between three plants in one hole and one plant in one hole. The water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were also maximum and the values were 9.3kg?m-3、342.9 kg?kg-1, respectively, they had significant difference with one plant in one hole, but three plants in one hole had no significant difference with one plant in one hole, this shows the high biomass yield and water and fertilizer use efficiencies would be acquired in two plants in one hole in the marginal oasis regions in middle reach of Heihe River Basin.

  Water-saving and High-yielding Irrigation Techniques of Rice and Their Physiological and Ecological Effects 2010, 26 (3):  253-257.  Abstract + ( 913 )   PDF ( 1136566KB )   ( 1220 ) Rice is the foremost staple food crop in China and the largest water consumer in agriculture. With the population growth, urban and industrial development and the decrease in water availability resulting from pollution and resource depletion, the increase in both quantity and quality of rice yield is necessary to meet the needs of the population growth and preferences of consumers towards the high quality, and meanwhile it is necessary to deal with the increasing scarcity of water resources. Therefore, it would have great significance to establish the water-saving techniques for high yield and good quality in promoting rice production and ensuring food security. This paper reviewed water-saving and high-yielding irrigation techniques of rice, analyzed their physiological and ecological effects, and put forward key points on the studies on water-saving irrigation of rice at present and in near future.

  A Study of Arable Land quantity change in Changsha based on STIRPAT model 2010, 26 (3):  258-263.  Abstract + ( 936 )   PDF ( 1464979KB )   ( 840 ) The impact of rapid Economic and social development on the reduction of cultivated land area is one of the hotspots in land-use change researches currently. Introducing STIRPAT model, influence of population, industrial structure and the level of urbanization on the cultivated land changes were analyzed, and the relationship between prosperous level and cultivated land area were analyzed in Changsha City, using the cultivated land data and related socio-economic development data from 1978 to 2005.The results show that population change is the main cause for cultivated land reduction in Changsha City since the reform and opening. In addition, changes of the urbanization rate and proportion of the secondary and tertiary-industry added value to regional GDP of the area also play an important role in the cultivated land reduction. However, in the scope of observational data, the relationship between the prosperous level and the change of cultivated land in Changsha City are different from Kuznets principal. Accordingly, several suggestions are proposed in the study to mitigate the pressure of cultivated land reduction, including population control, industrial structure adjustment, urbanization level improvement and economic growth mode transition, etc.

  The Technology of Constructed Wetlands to Non-Point Source Pollution Water Treatment 2010, 26 (3):  264-268.  Abstract + ( 843 )   PDF ( 1254638KB )   ( 925 ) With the development of the society, point pollutions were been disposed effectively, non-point source pollution(NPSP) management was become important more and more. This paper analyzed the cause of NPSP with emphasis of rural, put forward the constructed wetlands technology which could be available to NPSP control, and introduced the principium and some research improvement of this technology in the world. The constructed wetlands technology must have very spacious and long-term future to control the NPSP especially in rural region with its low-investment, inexpensive, easy maintenance and management predominance.

  Resources of Medicinal Plants in the Coastal Area in Eman of Danzhou City, Hainan Province 2010, 26 (3):  269-273.  Abstract + ( 1051 )   PDF ( 1361171KB )   ( 1039 ) the results of a Preliminary investigation on Resources of medicinal plants in the coastal area in Eman township, Danzhou city, Hainan province, shows that there are 78 families 208 genera 236 species of medicinal vascular plants in the area, Including 4 families 4 genera 4 species of Pteridophyte, 63 families 184 genera 209 species of Dicotyledon, and 11 families 20 genera 23 species of Monocotyledon. There is no Gymnosperm. These medicinal plants are classified into different groups by medicinal part and by medicinal function, the analysis results indicate that the number of plants which the whole plantlets have medicinal value and clearing-heat herbs is the most. also give some suggestion according to exploiting and protecting medicinal plant resources in the region in this article.

  Analysis on Efficiency of constructed wetland in treatment Micro-polluted Water Resource and Effect of Plants 2010, 26 (3):  274-278.  Abstract + ( 977 )   PDF ( 1676429KB )   ( 801 ) Horizontal flow constructed wetland system　was used to treat the micro-polluted water resource after sedimentation. The contamination removal efficiency and effect of plants in the wetland treatment system were studied, The results of treatment experiment showed that the average removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand(COD),total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen(TN) and ammonium nitrogen(NH4+-N) were 49.89%,50.44%, 53.41% and 48.45% in the horizontal flow constructed wetland system respectively. At same time, The study on plant of the constructed wetland indicates that it can be clearly observed that the plants removed the nitrogen and phosphorus directly by absorption, and this process performed better in the growing season of plants. The plants on the foreside of the bed grew better than those grew on the rearward, and they can also absorb more nitrogen and phosphorus. On the other hand, the pollutants in the raw water were filtrated and absorbed by the plants’ roots. The roots also provided a habitat for the microorganism and then, the microorganism played a degradation function on the pollutant, which had a significant effect in the constructed wetland systems.

  Review of the methods for constructing core collection on plant 2010, 26 (3):  279-282.  Abstract + ( 1030 )   PDF ( 1237175KB )   ( 973 ) The advances of methods for constructing core collection of plant germplasm resources are summarized in this article. Based on the conception and the significance of the core collection, and the characteristics and the status of germplasm core collection constructing method, this article trends on the sampling strategies, the representative and the manage of core collection, have been put forward. We must quickly set up some core collections of traditional famous and important plants aimed at making full use of the germplasm resources, promoting innovation ability of germplasm resources, that is the basis of full use of the plant germplasm resources.

  Analysis to the time scale on more precipitation in the flood season over 53 years in Puyang 2010, 26 (3):  291-295.  Abstract + ( 759 )   PDF ( 1301444KB )   ( 684 ) Abstract: We use the precipitation documentation in the flood season over the year of 1954-2007 of Puyang to analyze the time scale changing characteristic of more precipitation of Puyang flood season in a linear method. It is found that the total precipitation of flood season shows a reducing trend in the later 30 years. There is a largest precipitation and most rainstorms in July. The most rainstorm strength takes place in August. The rainstorm has a characteristic of taking place continuously, even every year!

  applied research on RFID technology in China's agricultural products quality and safety traceability system 2010, 26 (3):  296-298.  Abstract + ( 804 )   PDF ( 1108696KB )   ( 1760 ) With a wide range applications of information technology, RFID technology in the quality and safety of agricultural products is increasingly popular. RFID technology in quality management and security traceability of agricultural products also has been taken some progress, This paper reviews RFID technology in the agricultural raw materials, products processing, sales of the latest research developments, and prospects the quality and safety of agricultural products the future direction of development in future.

  Effects of Soil and Water Conservation in China Rubber Plantation 2010, 26 (3):  299-305.  Abstract + ( 773 )   PDF ( 1388867KB )   ( 894 ) An overview of the studies on the status, features of soil and water erosion as well as its developed measures for soil and water conservation in China rubber plantation, and the prospects of its development in future were discussed.

  A study on the characteristics of blood coagulation for Chinese soft-shelled turtle 2010, 26 (3):  311-314.  Abstract + ( 841 )   PDF ( 1353714KB )   ( 602 ) In order to discover the characteristics of blood coagulation for Chinese soft-shelled turtle, some general blood clotting tests have been done, for example, the recalcified whole blood clotting time（CT）test, the plasma recalcification time (RT) test, the activated plasma clotting time (ACT) test, the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) test, the prothrombin time (PT) test and the thrombin time (TT) test, the samples of whole blood or plasma were treated with citrate and differently diluted 1-, 2-, 3-fold with ion-free water. The results prove that: this paper firstly reported the ACT, the APTT and the PT for Chinese soft-shelled turtle were 332.65 s, 147.75 s, 50.61 s, which are different from mammals, however, the CT, the CT and the TT are no difference between Chinese soft-shelled turtle and mammals; 2) the cell-free plasma of Chinese soft-shelled turtle uncoagulates within 10 min. , but the diluted cell-free plasma of Chinese soft-shelled turtle coagulate; 3) the ACT and the APTT are extremely significant difference (P＜0.01) between the diluted plasma and the control group for Chinese soft-shelled turtle, however, the PT is nonsignificant difference (P＞0.05) between the diluted plasma(1:1, 1:2) and that of the control group. Conclusions: the diluted cell-free plasma of Chinese soft-shelled turtle has coagulated, primarily by influencing the intrinsic pathway but has nothing to do with the extrinsic pathway.

  nvestigation and Study on the Aquaculture Alien Species in the Lower Reaches of Yangtze River 2010, 26 (3):  315-319.  Abstract + ( 961 )   PDF ( 1247382KB )   ( 1000 ) Abstract: The lower reaches of Yangze River is one of the central areas of freshwater shallow lakes in China and has the diversity climates ,such as warm temperate zone and sub-tropical zone, which make it become one of the best areas for aquaculture, therefore nearly all of the aquaculture species from the world can live in the area. So it is important for perfecting alien aquaculture species information data-base and environmental risk assessment system to investigate and study the aquaculture alien species in the lower reaches of Yangze River. The results showed that the number of aquaculture alien species in the lower reaches of Yangze River is 45 species, including 33 species of fishes, 4 species of shellfish, 7 species of crustaceans and 1 species of amphibian. Most of alien species are from America and the main transmitting way is intentional introducing.

  An Economic Analysis on Impacts of Plant Protection on Production of Grain Crops in China 2010, 26 (3):  320-326.  Abstract + ( 1039 )   PDF ( 1295607KB )   ( 766 ) This paper discussed the harms of pests and contribution of plant protection on the production value of grain crops, the income of rural people and the grain price in China. The results turned out that the effect of plant protection for grain production plays an important role in the grain output value ,stabling and increasing the income of rural people, and closely relates to the grain price in China. At last, some strategies for promoting plant protection of production of grain crops in China were proposed.

  Analysis of Safety Problem in Building New Socialist Countryside 2010, 26 (3):  327-331.  Abstract + ( 824 )   PDF ( 1125448KB )   ( 921 ) And urban safety in contrast, rural safety problem becomes the current restrictive new problems in building new socialist countryside. Checking of the new rural reconstruction of the security implications, in the farmers of vulnerable groups in personal injury and related occupational diseases, strengthening the safety production of township enterprises is the key to build the new socialist countryside for sustainable development. This paper analyzes the root cause in the new countryside many security hidden danger and produces under the security angle. According to the current problems, some suggestions are put forward.

  Research on Mechanism of Farmland Transfer ——A Case Study of Plain Area in the East of Henan Province 2010, 26 (3):  332-336.  Abstract + ( 990 )   PDF ( 1330781KB )   ( 668 ) This essay systematically set forth the market and macro-control mechanism of farmland transfer.On the basis of the field-work to the pleasant households of the east plain area in Henan Province, the essay deeply analysed the mechanism of the east plain area in Henan Province and made pointed refences to the countermeasures and suggestions on how to perfect such mechanism.

  An Analysis of Human Capital Status Quo and Causes in Rural Area 2010, 26 (3):  337-341.  Abstract + ( 886 )   PDF ( 1253043KB )   ( 681 ) Abstract: Human capital in China’s rural area was accumulated from so low a starting point that most of the labour force in agriculture get through primary school or middle school only. Meanwhile, subsequent human capital investment is caught in a series of problems. Investment for medical care with labour force in rural area as beneficiary is poor, what makes it worse is that such poor investment has to be heavily focused on medical treatment; little investment on labour training in rural area makes human capital accumulation lag far behind, thus it is more and more difficult for farmers to increase their incomes continuously. Causes that brought human capital status quo come into being are of many aspects. On one hand, government didn’t pay enough attention to the investment on human capital in rural area so that fiscal expenditure on human capital is of small volume; Labour training in rural area itself is a problem. On the other hand, poor income, especially out-dated concepts of farmers discourage them to catch up with the development of the times.

  Analysis of the Influencing Factors of the Farmer Cooperatives Rural Human Capital Team’s Formation ——Based on Hubei 173 Family’s Date of 5 City 2010, 26 (3):  342-346.  Abstract + ( 1068 )   PDF ( 1335545KB )   ( 721 ) The rural human capital team of Farmer Cooperatives has played important role in the construction of new rural areas. It could display the family dispersion production fully with the team transaction superiority and provide the platform for the fund, technical and the rural human capital union. Using the survey data of 173 households in 5 cities (Jingzhou City, Songzi City, Qianjiang City, Wuhan City and Xiangfang City), this paper empirically analysis the influencing factors of the formation of the rural human capital team of Farmer Cooperatives using probit model. The findings are: The rural human capital team of Farmer Cooperatives is more attractive to young people, less attractive to more literal people, and more attractive to households with high average income of leading industry. Therefore, it is necessary for the rural human capital team of Farmer Cooperatives to strengthen its influence and the attraction by develops the new mechanism, center on the local leading industry to set up.

  Study on Information-based Commodity Circulation in Rural Area— A Case Study in Beijing 2010, 26 (3):  347-351.  Abstract + ( 752 )   PDF ( 1268788KB )   ( 635 ) As the rapid popularization and development of the internet, informationization has become the core of improving commodity circulation efficiency in rural area. This report made a field investigation on agricultural markets in Beijing outskirts and townships, analysing the status and problems of the information-based commodity circulation in rural area from four aspects: organization and management system, information service in rural marketing, operation of commerce website, quality tracing for farm products. Then, this paper proposes a series of measures on improving commodity circulation informationization in Beijing rural area.

  Research on Building the Individual Harmonious by Rural Social Work 2010, 26 (3):  352-354.  Abstract + ( 697 )   PDF ( 1105045KB )   ( 729 ) Abstract: The construction of individual harmonious is the basis of the construction of harmonious rural society and harmonious society, it has very important meaning. At present, there are many important problems need to solve in the process of fulfilling the individual harmonious in the rural. From the “strength perspective” angle, rural social work emphasizes the values of supporting people help themselves and empowerment perspective. It has obvious advantage in solving the problems of farmers and promoting the development of individual.

  Strategies and Measures on Boosting Agricultural Industrialization Dependent on Science and Technology Innovation——III. Important Task on Creattion of Strategical and Key Products 2010, 26 (3):  355-358.  Abstract + ( 729 )   PDF ( 1108144KB )   ( 700 )