Current issue

• 2010 Vol.26 No.7 Published:05 April 2010

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  Synthesis of Terbutaline artificial antigen and development of its mice polyclonal antiserum 2010, 26 (7):  1-5.  Abstract + ( 1003 )   PDF ( 584543KB )   ( 861 ) The goal of this study was to synthesize artificial antigen of TBLaterol and obtain its mice polyclonal antiserum. Artificial antigen BSA-TBL and OVA-TBL were synthesized using butane-1,4-diol diglycidyl ether and EDC by linking carrier proteins BSA and OVA to TBL. The antigen BSA-TBL and OVA-TBL was identified by ultraviolet scanning, SDS-PAGE. The mice polyclonal antiserum was identified by ELISA and blocking ELISA. The results showed that the hapten TBL was successfully linked to carrier proteins. The animal immunization results showed that six BALB/c mice indirect ELISA titer against TBL were above 1×10-4 and the IC50 of No. 1 mice was 55.88 ng/mL . The high-titer mice polyclonal antiserum has been generated. Artificial antigen BSA-TBL and OVA-TBL were synthesized and sensitivity TBL polyclonal antiserum has been generated in this study. The artificial antigen of TBL and its mice polyclonal antiserum laid a foundation base for product the monoclonal antibodies and rapid test reagent against TBL.

  Construction and analysis of eukaryotic expression vector for gene omp25 of Brucella 2010, 26 (7):  6-10.  Abstract + ( 796 )   PDF ( 640168KB )   ( 871 ) Abstract: 【Objective】 To construct and identify Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression strain Y187 containing outer membrane protein gene omp25 in B.abortus. 【Method】 The gene omp25 was amplified and obtained from B. abortus vaccine strain S19 by PCR with a pair of specific primers and ligated into pGM-T vector，pGM-T-omp25 is then obtained and identified by PCR、restriction analysis and sequencing. pGM-T-omp25 and vector pGBKT7 were digested by EcoRⅠ/SalⅠ, purify and ligate gene omp25 and pGBKT7. Constructed pGBKT7-omp25 was transformed into Y187 and identified by PCR、transcription activation and toxicity testing. 【Result】 Outer membrane protein gene omp25 was cloned successfully. Through PCR、restriction analysis and sequencing, it was confirmed that bait vector pGBKT7-omp25 was successful constructed and transformed into Y187. Obtained transformant yeast Y187 is inactive and nontoxic，too. 【Conclusion】 Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression strain Y187 containing outer membrane protein gene omp25 in B.abortus was constructed successfully and can facilitate study on the molecular mechanism between infection and female livestocks abortion . Key words: B. abortus；gene omp25；Saccharomyces cerevisiaeY187；eukaryotic expression

  Recent Advances of Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR and Its Applications in Veterinary Medicine 2010, 26 (7):  11-15.  Abstract + ( 688 )   PDF ( 516699KB )   ( 1129 )

  The Effects of Different Supplementary Feeding Levels on the Body Conditions and Reproductive Performances in Nubian Ewes 2010, 26 (7):  16-20.  Abstract + ( 861 )   PDF ( 443342KB )   ( 791 ) 75 Nubian ewes were selected (average body weight = 27.14±3.5kg) and divided into 3 groups randomly. Besides basic grazing, three groups of goats were treated 2% compound-premix plus urea 10g/d(the added urea group), concentrated feed 100g/d (the added concentration group)and concentrate supplement 250g/d (the added concentrate supplement group) respectively. Body weight, body conditions and body size were measured at the mating day, 100-day of pregnancy and 150-day of pregnancy, and the numbers of ewes lambing were recorded. The results as follows：Body weights, gain weights and chest girth were significant differences between three groups（P<0.05 or P<0.01）.There were close relationship between the numbers of lamb and BCS and BCI. The numbers of lamb of the added urea group, the added concentration group and the concentrate supplement group were 1.00±0.76, 1.44±0.51 and 1.83±0.49 respectively. The birth weights were 2.55±0.18, 2.51±0.37 and 2.64±0.40kg,there were significant differences between three groups（P<0.05 or P<0.01）. The BCS and BCI of 150-day of pregnancy and lamb numbers(x) have strong relationship：x=-0.4177BCS2 +3.727BCS–4.9185 (R2=0.9984)；x =-0.0018BCI2+0.2795BCI-7.2278 (R2=0.9985).

  Screening Bt with anti-coccidiosis effect by chick embryos method 2010, 26 (7):  21-25.  Abstract + ( 952 )   PDF ( 555261KB )   ( 752 ) Chick embryos inoculated with sporozoites of E. tenella were used as a model for testing the activity of Bt crystal proteins. Each embryo were inoculated by a dose of 10000 pure sporozoites was injected with testing Bt crystal proteins before 24 hours. The varying oocyst inhibition rates of embryos brought about by Bt crystal proteins that were given at various doses were used as a criterion for determining the activity of Bt crystal proteins. The results demonstrated that BT6 was the most effective isolate among the 15 strains. According to the experimental results mentioned above, we believe that the use of chicken embryo infection with E. tenella sporozites for the determination of the activity of Bt crystal proteins is an efficacious method, which offers some advantages, such as simplicity of operation, good accuracy and only small requirement of expenses.

  Optimization of ISSR reaction system for species of Loquat (E.japonica Lindl.cv) 2010, 26 (7):  26-30.  Abstract + ( 623 )   PDF ( 1969789KB )   ( 839 )

  Construction of Digital Fingerprint of Zhongmiansuo 48 2010, 26 (7):  31-35.  Abstract + ( 1081 )   PDF ( 759304KB )   ( 998 ) Abstract:Zhongmiansuo 48 and its parents were amplified with 25 pairs of core primers.Out of them,16 paris were detected to be polymorphic between the two parents.14 pairs primers of the 16 pairs were codominant markers since they amplified the different fragments between the two parents and heterozygosis bands in F1.The other 2 pairs of primers generated the same bands between one of parents and F1,So they were dominant markers. Digital fingerprint of Zhongmiansuo 48 were constructed with the amplification result by changing binary system into decimal system.It provides a method for seed genuineness and purity detection of hybrids. In order to construct the correct, rapid, stable and practical fingerprint ,we suggest regulating the types and numbers of the molecule markers , standardizing the reagent quality of DNA,Taq et al. Uniforming conditions of PCR reaction, electrophoresis and Staining; offering standard varieties, standard DNA; standardizing the identification of electrophoresis bands and setting down ways of data coding

  Establishment of RAPD reaction system for Panax ginseng rhizosphere soil microbial community 2010, 26 (7):  36-39.  Abstract + ( 699 )   PDF ( 722435KB )   ( 792 ) In this study, RAPD reaction system that fitted for genetic diversity study of Panax ginseng rhizosphere soil microbial community was established. Based on the optimized RAPD reaction system, 38 out of 200 RAPD primers having polymorphic were identified. Furthermore, genomic DNA extracted from soil samples were amplified by polymorphic RAPD primers identified. Results indicated that, the optimized RAPD reaction system was fitted for genetic diversity study of P. ginseng rhizosphere soil microbes.

  Advances on Gland Gene heredity and clone in Cotton (Gossypium) 2010, 26 (7):  44-47.  Abstract + ( 822 )   PDF ( 447208KB )   ( 877 ) Abstract：Dark-colored gland containing gossypol is an important agronomic trait in cotton. excavate and utilize of the gene that controls gland and gossypol synthesize are of great theoretical and practical significance, not only in clarifying the mechanism of gossypol biosynthesis in depth, but also in breeding cotton varieties of the glanded-plants with glandless cottonseeds by gentic engineering. In this paper, we summarized the progresses and present status of cotton gene that controls gland and gossypol synthesize of heredity and cloning in recent years. Some strategies to cotton gene mapping in the future was put forward.

  Research on oxilate oxidase and its gene in plant 2010, 26 (7):  48-51.  Abstract + ( 830 )   PDF ( 487067KB )   ( 1075 ) oxilate oxidase（OXO）as a key enzyme to degrade oxalic acid, was very important in resistance defense and salt stress of plants. The review summarized the oxo discovery existence, composition structure and its biological function and oxo gene clone and genetic transformation.

  Study on the Amylas Isozyme and Activity of in cultures of Fritillaria ussuriensis during different stage of tissue culture 2010, 26 (7):  52-54.  Abstract + ( 713 )   PDF ( 730950KB )   ( 706 ) Abstract：The current study taking Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim. as experiment material, and the research objective were measuring amylas isozyme and activity in cultures of Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim. during different stage of tissue culture.The results showed that AMY isozyme produced differential enzyme band of Fritillaria ussuriensis α-amylase at Rf=0.167 and light blue R-amylase was expressed during the four phases at Rf=0.250 in cultures during different stage of tissue culture. While enzyme band of β-amylase was only expressed during bulblet expanding. Total amylase activity showed decrease - increase - decrease trend in cultures. The change trend of α-amylase and total amylase was similar, activity of α-amylase was always highter than β-amylase during different stage.

  The Reliability of Certification: Quality Labels as a Consumer Policy Tool 2010, 26 (7):  55-63.  Abstract + ( 567 )   PDF ( 569759KB )   ( 884 )

  Changes of Respiratory Intensity and Quality of Sweet Potato during Storage 2010, 26 (7):  64-67.  Abstract + ( 800 )   PDF ( 655762KB )   ( 1012 ) Abstract： This study evaluated the changes and their correlative analysis from 6 varieties sweet potato in proper temperature during storage of respiratory intensity ,dry matter rate, starch, soluble sugar, reducing sugar and protein . The results show that changes in respiratory intensity and soluble sugar content was high to low then to high, and is closely related to its dry matter rate in the storage period; starch content and respiratory intensity was highly significant positive correlation with dry matter rate; dry rate, starch content and protein content were significantly negatively correlated with reducing sugar content; protein and soluble sugar was significantly negatively correlated; soluble sugar and reducing sugar was very significant positive correlation. The results were as follow : starch content and respiratory intensity was significantly and positively correlated with dry matter content.

  Study on selenium content in black bean using polarograph method and technology of selenium enriched 2010, 26 (7):  68-71.  Abstract + ( 929 )   PDF ( 588374KB )   ( 830 ) The black bean as raw materials was enriched with selenium and selenium content was detected using the method of polarograph. Different concentrations of selenium were added to black bean by soaking and spraying to obtain selenium-enriched black bean during the process of the black bean sprouting. The result indicated that the optimum cultivation condition of selenium-enriched black bean sprouts was the concentration of selenium solution 10 μg/mL and the cultivated time 48 h. The content of selenium in the selenium-enriched black bean reached 15.44 μg /100 g.

  A Study on the Contents of N/P/K and Soluble Sugar in Leaves and Stems for Perennial Upland Cotton 2010, 26 (7):  72-77.  Abstract + ( 835 )   PDF ( 614012KB )   ( 783 ) Abstract：【Objective】The perennial cultivation of annual cotton is very important for maintaining genic male sterile lines, producing hybrid seeds, fixing heterosis and preserving special germ plasm. The contents of N/P/K and soluble sugar in leaves and stems for perennial cultivation of annual upland cotton was researched to supply the theory of perennialcultivation technique.【Method】Random block design and orthogonal arrays were set up to investigate the contents of N/P/K and soluble sugar in functional leaves and stems of triennial and biennial cultivation of annual upland cotton among 4 varieties of upland cotton, with annual cultivation as contrast ,in Nanning Guangxi from 2005 to 2007.【Result】The contents of N/P/K and soluble sugar in leaves for perennial cultivation of annual upland cotton in all treatment was 3.13%～3.50%、0.49%～0.67%、1.47%～1.78%、4.23%～5.48%，the contents of them in stems was 0.56%～0.82%、0.21%～0.28%、1.14%～1.42%、0.95%～2.15%；There were no significant differences between the contents of N/P/K in functional leaves of different perennial ages, the contents of soluble sugar in leaves for annual upland cotton of most varieties is very significantly higher than that of perennial cotton；The contents of N/P/K in leaves of high yield varieties was moderater and of soluble sugar was less than of low yield varieties ,the contents of N in leaves of low yield varieties was less and of P/K、soluble sugar was high ；The contents of total N in different month changed from higher in prophase to lower in anaphase, of soluble sugar from lower to higher，with growing process. And the contents of total P and soluble sugar changed stably.【Conlusion】It indicates that there were no significant change on the contents of N/P/K in perennial ages，but nitrogen fertilizer was increased in mid-later growing period of perennial cultivation to improve nutritive growth and delay aging for plates.

  Prediction of chlorophyll concentration of rice based on spectral absorption, transmission and reflectance 2010, 26 (7):  78-83.  Abstract + ( 807 )   PDF ( 889506KB )   ( 936 ) A field experiment consisting of different nitrogen levels and three rice cultivars was conducted to investigate the relationships among the leaf chlorophyll concentration and leaf absorptance, transmissivity and reflectance. It was observed that the central wavelengths of peak values of the leaf reflectance (R), transmission (T) and absorptance (A) were 440nm, 480nm, 630nm and 681nm. At 630nm the relationships among the leaf absorptance, transmissivity, reflectance and leaf chlorophyll concentration were all extremely significant, and the relationships between absorptance and transmission were stronger than that between the leaf reflectance and transmission or absorptance. Step regression analysis was used to establish chlororphyll concentration prediction models and the relationship between chlororphyll concentration measured values. The estimated values indicated that compared with predicted chlororphyll concentration using single wavelength band 630nm, R square increases significantly using liner regression models established with A440, A480, A681 predicting chlororphyll a concentration, with T440, T480, T630 predicting chlororphyll a concentration and with T630, T480, T681 predicting chlororphyll b concentration.

  Evaluation on the Measurement Errors of Summer Maize LAI by Two Different Plant Canopy Analyzers 2010, 26 (7):  84-88.  Abstract + ( 769 )   PDF ( 551459KB )   ( 1028 ) The measurement of the leaf area index (LAI) by plant canopy analyzer can either overestimate or underestimate the actual LAI of plant canopy. The difference between the measurement and actual LAI can differ between different instruments. The objective of this study is to analyze the errors by 2 type widely-used plant canopy analyzers' measurement of summer maize LAI. In this study, we compared the measurements of LAI by LAI-2000 and Sunscan with the measurements by LI-3000C leaf area meter in 4 different phenological stages of summer maize. The main findings of this research are :(1) when the actual LAI<1,those estimates by LAI-2000 are higher than the actual value, but those estimates by Sunscan have no statistical difference with the actual value; (2) when the actual LAI ranges from 1 to 2,those estimates by LAI-2000 have no difference with the actual values, but the estimates by Sunscan are lower than the true value; (3) when the actual LAI>2,those estimates by both of the two instruments underestimate the actual value. (3) The correlation coefficients of LAI-2000, Sunscan estimates and those actual values are different in different crop phenological stages, with the maxima of 0.9778 and 0.9637 respectively. Then it is possible to establish the empirical models to calibrate the estimates from different plant canopy analyzers to improve accuracy.

  The findings phytoplankton investigation and fish productivity in Heiyu lake of Daqing 2010, 26 (7):  89-93.  Abstract + ( 771 )   PDF ( 591828KB )   ( 970 ) The community composition of phytoplankton was investigated in Heiyu lake of Daqing from May of 2006 to September of 2008. A total of 52 genera were collected including 23 genera of Chlorophyta, 17 genera of Bacillariophyta, 7 genera of Cyanophyta, 3 genera of Xanthophyta, 1 genera of Euglenophyta and 1 genera of Pyrrophyta. And the state of the waterqualitly and fish productivity were evaluated.

  Preliminary discussion on the effects of microelement Selenium 2010, 26 (7):  94-97.  Abstract + ( 823 )   PDF ( 537870KB )   ( 1212 ) This paper briefly summarizes the progress of research in the vital biology functions of microelement Se(selenium), the relationship between Se and diseases in organisms, the Se resources in our country and Se products. And Expectations have been suggested for the further application of the microelement selenium.

  The Investigation and Protection of Ancient Cupressaceae Trees Resource in the Headworks Area of South-to-North Water Diversion Project 2010, 26 (7):  98-102.  Abstract + ( 786 )   PDF ( 538097KB )   ( 801 ) Ancient trees are very valuable and unrenewable resource. The ancient Cupressaceae tree resource in Nanyang was investigated from all-round respect in this paper. The results showed the total number of the ancient Cupressaceae trees and their ecological situation. Based on this, the characteristics of Ancient Cupressaceae trees were systemically analyzed, especially their distribution, conditions of stand, morphology, culture, growth and protection status.

  Huaibei area high yield of summer corn Late appropriate period of study 2010, 26 (7):  103-107.  Abstract + ( 1028 )   PDF ( 619056KB )   ( 954 ) Abstract: In order to maximize the yield potential of corn, the test is based on country (Suzhou) Corn Experiment Station unified layout, make the Huaibei region Varieties of corn Zhengdan 958 and 108 Nongda size, weight, moisture and speed changes of grouting trial study. The results showed that: In the 45 days before pollination wet grain size increased rapidly to 55-60 days of filling wetlands the size of the largest Tatsu; two species of stem volume with the conduct of grouting has been on the increase both wet and dry bulk reaction than Nongda 108 Zhengdan 958 grain storage capacity and great potential. Zhengdan 958 weight 50 days before grouting to increase faster, Nongda 108 grouting 55 days before the rapid increase in weight, after the increase in slow, 60 days no further increase in pollination. Two species of 30-35 days before grouting moisture less 35 days after filling the water began to decline rapidly. 30-35 days of pollination two species the fastest filling rate, grain weight by up to date more than 9 grams; 40-45 days after pollination filling rate decreased rapidly and increasingly weak; while reflecting Nongda108 than Zhengdan 958 filling rate relative lag, so Nongda 108 harvest period but also later. To sum up, Zhengdan 958 early-maturing varieties such as pollination in flowering about 55 days the best harvest, that is, by the end of September to early October harvest, on the late-maturing varieties such as Nongda 108, pollination flowering about 60 days after harvest the most well, that is harvested in early October, a variety of indicators and be able to maximize effectiveness.

  Effects of ultrasound on the seed germination and yield and quality of rice 2010, 26 (7):  108-111.  Abstract + ( 854 )   PDF ( 453004KB )   ( 878 ) Effects of ultrasound on the seed germination and yield and quality of rice was studied with normal rice and hybrid rice. The results were as follows: (1) Although no significant effect was found on ratio of rice seed germination, ultrasound increased significantly the germination speed of seed. (2) Ultrasound significantly increased the yield of rice. The yield of Peizataifeng was increased by 9.43% when treated with ultrasound of 40 kHz. Meanwhile, the yield of Guixiangzhan was increased by 10.55% when treated with 20 kHz ultrasound. Rice yield improvement was attributed to the increase of its available panicles and its grains of unit area after ultrasound treating. (3) Ultrasound decreased chalky rice ratio and chalkiness of Guixiangzhan and chalkiness of Peizataifeng. Gel consistency of Guixiangzhan was increased significantly when treated with ultrasound.

  The Breeding of maize inbred lines and application of the South 99 2010, 26 (7):  112-114.  Abstract + ( 1216 )   PDF ( 397756KB )   ( 863 ) Improved method using S1 recurrent selection within the group and the inbred line combination of spectral selection breeding methods, breeding out the "South 99" inbred line; The determination of combining ability and character identification showed "South 99" is a general combining ability and specific combining ability are high, a comprehensive good agronomic traits, resistant to insect pests and strong, wide adaptability, high yield of the inbred lines themselves, Use it to make the female parent selection into the South were the school on the 18th, South School 968 South School 9665 South 201 schools in four elite maize single cross hybrids and varieties of validation through Guangxi. That they have a high utilization value and wide application prospects.

  The Effect of Low-temperature Stress upon Protein Content and Component in Leaves of Toona Sinensis Seedlings 2010, 26 (7):  115-119.  Abstract + ( 897 )   PDF ( 661255KB )   ( 810 ) Abstract: Under low-temperature stress, the changes of protein content and component in leaves of annual Toona Sinensis provenances seedlings, Xixia of Henan, Nanjing of Jiangsu, Xiapu of Fujian, were studied. The results indicated that the low-temperature stress could change the content and component in leaves of Toona Sinensis provenances seedlings. Different provenances had different changes under different temperatures. So did the same provenance under different stress period. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis indicated that low-temperature stress could induce specific proteins’ expression. The protein contents of Xixia of Henan and Nanjing of Jiangsu provenances, whose cold resistance were stronger, tended to change as ‘high-low-high’ pattern during one to four days under -5℃. Proteins were induced highly in the first day, and the band became deep. During the second and the third days, it’s the opposite. While in the forth day, it began to express more again. And there were two specific proteins expressed, the molecular weights were 27.6 KD and 22.5 KD for the two provenances respectively. The protein content of Xiapu of Fujian, whose cold resistance were weaker, tended to increase gradually, and had no new proteins appeared. By electrophoresis of SDS-PAGE, the changing of the color of the protein bands changed almost the same with the protein contents.

  Dynamic change in endogenous Polyamines and salicylic Acid in sisal hemp with different fertilizer treating 2010, 26 (7):  120-123.  Abstract + ( 798 )   PDF ( 736482KB )   ( 852 ) Abstract：High performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze the changes of endogenous polyamines and salicylic acid content in sisal hemp with different fertilizer treating. The results showed that during the sisal hemp seedling development stage, the reactive of endogenous polyamines to different fertilizers was mainly reflected in the content of endogenous putrescence. Meanwhile, endogenous polyamines and salicylic acid both varied in the seedling period which probably infected by the need of fertilizer with sisal hemp growth.

  Studies on the effects of Taxus chinensis var.mairei seeds extracts on seeds germination and seedling growth of Brassica campestris 2010, 26 (7):  124-127.  Abstract + ( 1147 )   PDF ( 471617KB )   ( 707 ) Abstract: Seeds germination and seedlings growth of Brassica campestris in different concentrations of the methanol extracts from the seed coat and endosperm (including embryos) of Taxus chinensis var.mairei were studied in this paper. The results showed that there existed inhibition of seed coat and endosperm extract of different concentrations on the seed germination and seedlings growth in a certain extent. With the extract concentration increased, B.campestris seed germination rate, seedlings root length and stem length were gradually decreased. Germination rate of B.campestris in seed endosperm extracts was lower than that in the seed coat extracts in the same concentrations, and seedling root length in the seed coat extracts was shorter than that in the endosperm extracts. Analysis of variance results showed that significant differences was existed among different treatment groups for root length of seedlings. The research results indicated that inhibiting substances were existed both in the seed coats and endosperm for Taxus chinensis var. mairei seeds, and endosperm extracts strongly inhibited seed germination of B. campestris, while the seed coat extracts strongly inhibited root length of B. campestris.

  Nutrients in Tobacco growing Soils of Zhaotong and Solution to Fertilization 2010, 26 (7):  128-136.  Abstract + ( 710 )   PDF ( 567566KB )   ( 758 ) 605 soil samples were collected and analyzed from 8 tobacco growing counties in Zhaotong. The results showed that the average soil pH value was 6.64, the average contents of organic matter was 2.629%, total N was 0.131%, available N was 107.28mg.kg-1, total P was 0.081%, available P was 15.235mg.kg-1, total K was 1.636%, available K was 140.98mg.kg-1, exchangeable Ca was 0.381%, exchangeable Mg was 319.32mg.kg-1, available B was 0.259mg.kg-1, available Zn was 2.479mg.kg-1, available Mn was 24.444mg.kg-1, available Mo was 0.289mg.kg-1, available Fe was 35.453 mg.kg-1,available Cu was 2.544mg.kg-1, water-solubility chlorine ion was 11.783mg.kg-1. Low soil P, insufficiency of K, and deficiency of available B, water-solubility chlorine ion in tobacco growing soils of Zhaotong were main limited factors for flue-cured tobacco production. The fertilization suggestion of controlling N, increasing P and K, complementing B and Cl generally, complementing Mg, Mo and Zn in some areas was recommended.

  Fuzzy Evaluation on Soil Fertility of Vegetable Plot in the Urban-Rural Marginal Area 2010, 26 (7):  137-141.  Abstract + ( 731 )   PDF ( 1196076KB )   ( 799 ) Abstract :soil clay content, bulk density, pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium these 10 indicators are selected to build model by fuzzy mathematical method to determine their membership function and process. The weight of each indicator was built by PCA. And Integrated Fertility Index (IFI) can be calculated by this model. The application suggestion including raising organic fertilizer amount for lower fertility soils , applying phosphorus fertilizer in the right amounts during the the growth period of crops,and Targeted application of nitrogen and potash fertilizer is put forward according to the evaluation results of soil fertility.

  Effects of Different Nitrogen Forms on growth 、Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco at Different Soil Types 2010, 26 (7):  142-146.  Abstract + ( 907 )   PDF ( 440515KB )   ( 1004 ) Abstract: Effects of different nitrogen forms on growth 、yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco at red soil、 purple soil、 yellow soil and paddy soil in Yunan were researched. The result showed that: In the red soil、purple soil and yellow soil， NO3—N accounted for 40-60% is conducive to the improvement of the quality of flue-cured tobacco;In the paddy soil ，NO3—N ccounted for 40% is conducive to the improvement of the quality of flue-cured tobacco.

  Preliminary Study Recommend Top dressed Nitrogen Quantity Based on Chlorophyll SPAD of Rice in Different Growth Stage 2010, 26 (7):  147-151.  Abstract + ( 962 )   PDF ( 622703KB )   ( 856 ) The study object was Recommend Top-dressed Nitrogen Quantity Based on Chlorophyl SPAD diagnosis of Rice (CSDR) in Different Growth Stage. The different experiment site and CSDR integrate were adopted. The study on CSDR to different nitrogen treatment in Different Growth Stage, reasonable recommend Top-dressed Nitrogen Quantity Based on CSDR was put forward in order to provide scientific proof to reasonable application nitrogen in irrigation area of Ningxia. The study result show that it is close relationship between CSDR in Different Growth Stage and different application nitrogen treatment, CSDR enhanced with application nitrogen increased. The CSDR and yield were close relationship, correlation coefficient (R2)were 0.6696 ～0.9194 before booting stage in different experiment site. Reasonable recommend Top-dressed Nitrogen Quantity Based on CSDR was put forward, application nitrogen was 30～60 kg/hm2when CSDR was 32～35 during tillering –elongation stage, application nitrogen was 45～75 kg/hm2 when CSDR was 35～40 before booting stage, application nitrogen was15～30 kg/hm2when CSDR was40～45 after booting stage, no application nitrogen when CSDR more than 40～45.

  Changes of Antioxidant Enzymes in the Bulbs of Lily Stored at Low Temperature and its Effect on the Dormancy Release 2010, 26 (7):  156-165.  Abstract + ( 890 )   PDF ( 5478852KB )   ( 867 ) The experiment was purposely to research the changes of antioxidant enzymes and MDA in the bulbs of 7 lily cultivars stored at low temperature and the relationship between antioxidant enzymes and the dormancy release. The results indicated that during the period of 127 days of cold storage (2-5℃), SOD,POD and CAT activity increased to the minimum and then increased, at the end of the cold storage, POD and CAT activity still increased, while SOD activity decreased. During the period of 151 days of frozen storage (-1℃), SOD, POD and CAT activity decreased firstly little, then increased highly, and decreased little at the end. In terms of MDA contents, it increased and reached to a high level at the medium of cold storage, then decreased little. But during the frozen storage times, it changed little，and MDA content in big bulbs was more than that in small bulbs. The decreasing of POD activity resulted from bulbs cold storage played an important role on the dormancy release ,and the no-ordinary metabolism of active oxygen content resulted from long times of storage at low temperature was one reason for the stress conditions injury.

  Analysis of growth and development and yield of mini-cucumber (Jingyan mini - 2) 2010, 26 (7):  166-171.  Abstract + ( 823 )   PDF ( 2046202KB )   ( 793 ) Quantitative study on growth character of mini-cucumber has great significance for understanding breed characteristics and precision management. GDD is used in this article as Metro-unit to quantitatively analysis the development, morphogenesis, dry matter allocation and yield of mini-cucumber Jingyan mini-2, and compared the difference between Jingyan mini-2 cucumber and Ruiguang-2 cucumber in growth character and yield traits. Growth character shows that the height growth rate in rejuvenation period is 0.022 cm/(℃?d) , after rejuvenation it becomes 0.585 cm/(℃?d) and low temperature inhibited height growth significantly; leafing rate is 0.016 leaf/(℃?d) in rejuvenation period and 0.040 leaf/(℃?d) after rejuvenation and leaf expansion rate is 2.833 cm2/(℃?d) in rejuvenation period and 15.873 cm2/(℃?d) after rejuvenation. High temperature has little inhibition on leaf expansion of mini-2 but has a great effect on Ruiguang-2 leaf expansion. Yield traits show that when GDD reaches 773 ℃?d and Jingyan mini-2 reaches fruit stage. The fruit-setting rate is 7.7 fruits/plant and high percentage of dry matter is distributed to fruits to form high yield. The yield of 100 mini-cucumber is 9.35kg higher than Ruiguang in autumn and 4.17kg higher in spring. High temperature is good for yield, so this two cultivar has higher yield in spring than in autumn. Jingyan mini-2 is different with Ruiguang-2 in morphological characteristics, development process , dry matter allocation and yield. So, it is necessary to regulate cultivation measure to face the characteristics of mini-cucumber: precocity fruiting, high yield, low temperature intolerance. Strengthen temperature, fertilizer and water management to maximize the yield advantage of mini-cucumber.

  The Researches in Water Cutting Propagation of Four Landscape Plants of Rubiaceae 2010, 26 (7):  172-176.  Abstract + ( 1126 )   PDF ( 532773KB )   ( 735 ) Abstract: Both hardwood and greenwood Shoots from four landscape plants which were Gardenia jasminoides, Var.radicana Makino, Serissa japonica, Mssaenda pubescens of Rubiaceae were taken as the experimental materials for the research of the water cutting propagation in this experiment. The results showed that (1) Serissa japonica rooted the most easily among four kind of plants and Its rooting percentage was 96%. The rooting percentage of Var.radicana Makino was 76% and rooted more easily than Serissa japonica and Mssaenda pubescens.（2）The rooting time of Serissa japonica was shorter and more concentrate than Var.radicana Makino. But the rooting time of Gardenia jasminoides and Mssaenda pubescens was longer and less concentrate than Var.radicana Makino.（3）There was difference of the rooting percentage from hardwood and greenwood Shoots of the same plant.（4）The rooting number and the root length of the hardwood shoots was higher than the greenwood shoots for the four plants.

  Establishment of Regeneration System for Genetic Transformation of Citrus grandis Osbeck cv. Shatianyou 2010, 26 (7):  177-180.  Abstract + ( 640 )   PDF ( 862227KB )   ( 763 ) Transgenic plants appear to be a new way to citrus improvement and a powerful tool for studying gene functions. The establishment of an efficient in vitro plant regeneration system suitable for genetic transformation is the first step in this approach. Using epicotyl and hypocotyl pieces and cotyledons of Citrus grandis Osbeck cv. Shatianyou seedlings grown in vitro as explants，a efficient regeneration system was established. The results were obtained as follow. When the epicotyl pieces were explants were cultured on the adventitious shoot regeneration medium (MS salts +100 mg/L inositol +0.2 mg/LV-B1+1 mg/LV-B6+1 mg/L niacin + 3% sucrose + 5 mg/L6- BA + 0.8% agar，pH5.8) and incubated in darkness for 7 days，then in the condition of 16/8 h light/darkness cycle，adventitious shoot regenerated from 91.1% of the epicotyl explants. When the adventitious shoots were cultured on the medium (1/2MS＋1.5 mg/L IBA ＋3％sucrose ＋0.7％agar，pH5.8) , adventitious root regenerated from 80% of the adventitious shoot after grown in vitro for 40d. A s a selectable agent, concentration of Kanamycin is 50 mg/L for epicotyl pieces.

  Germination-related technology research to balsam pear seeds 2010, 26 (7):  181-185.  Abstract + ( 955 )   PDF ( 588084KB )   ( 977 ) A germination test to balsam pear seeds storage, water absorption, soaking temperature and time, germination temperature and combining with balsam pear breeding , seeds production and quality management experience for many years, summarizing balsam pear seeds germination relevant technologies to solve some key technical problems to balsam pear seeds germination in production.

  Studies on Browning during The Test-tube Proliferation of Cymbidium Hybridum 2010, 26 (7):  186-190.  Abstract + ( 732 )   PDF ( 477783KB )   ( 867 ) This paper studied on the facts of browning and anti-browning during the test-tube proliferation of Cymbidium Hybridum. Studied the effects of different basic mediums, sugar concentrations, agar concentrations, the sizes of test-tube plantlet and color on browning; the effects of different anti-oxidants and adsorbents on browning. The results showed that: the effects of differentbasic mediums, sugar concentrations, agar concentrations and the sizes of test-tube plantlet on browning were influential, but the effects were not significant; the effect of color on browning was significant; when added 1500mg / L activated carbon, browning could be under control, and also ensured the growth of test-tube plantlet to maintain a higher proliferation coefficient.

  The Ecological Elementary Research of Chroogomphis rutillus 2010, 26 (7):  191-194.  Abstract + ( 713 )   PDF ( 546930KB )   ( 810 ) Abstract: Aiming at mastering the elementary biological characteristic of Chroogomphis rutillus in the wild condition and setting the ground work for the study of forest-fungus symbiosis system, how to exploit the wild Chroogomphis rutillus resources scientifically and half artificial cultivante, the morphological characteristic, fruiting body generation time, ecological distribution and main vegetation of Chroogomphis rutillus in Beijing Yanqing area were investigated in the research. The result showed that the fruiting body generation time were from the middle ten days of August to the last third of September. The spore was released at the fifth day after the generation of the fruiting body. The solids content of the fruiting body was 12.3%. The Precipitation had close relation with the fruiting body generation.

  Studies on the selfing and crossing of Pinellia ternate 2010, 26 (7):  195-198.  Abstract + ( 724 )   PDF ( 421648KB )   ( 681 ) In this paper the study examined the selfing, intraspecific and interspecific crossing between Pinellia ternate and Pinellia pedatisecta Schott．We also tested its pollination, fructification and germination rate in the field’s experiment. The result showed that both of the sexual reproduction were monoecious．Artificial crossing and selfing were fruitive，but intraspecific crossing was sterile. The maturing rate inter Pinellia pedatisecta Schott and inter Pinellia ternate could reach to 65% and 60%, and the mean of the seeds of each plant was 37 and 17 respectively. The selfing maturing rates of Pinellia pedatisecta Schott and Pinellia ternate were 88.24% and 62.5% separately．

  Advances in in Vitro Culture of Cotyledon in Cucurbit Vegetables 2010, 26 (7):  199-202.  Abstract + ( 713 )   PDF ( 461600KB )   ( 802 ) The research of in vitro culture of cotyledon in cucurbit vegetables was reviewed in this paper, including recent research progress on the regeneration pathway, the influence factor and the application, it was discussed to the existed problems in this field and the emphasises of studies in the future.

  Comparative Study on Effect of Bagging on Fruit Quality of Fengshui Pear Cultivar 2010, 26 (7):  203-206.  Abstract + ( 725 )   PDF ( 465303KB )   ( 724 ) Fourteen different types of bags were chosen to study the effects of fruit bagging on fruit quality of Fengshui pear cultivar.The results showed that bagging can improve significantly peel color and smoothness and quantity and size of fruit dot of Fengshui pear,but single fruit weight and edible part of bagged fruit reduced.Soluble solids content and soluble sugar content decreased significantly,titratable acid content keeps unchanged,but reducing Vc and fruit hardness increased significantly after bagging. L2-3 is the best choice through comprehensive comparison.

  Observation of the specific result from distant hybridization between Brassica species 2010, 26 (7):  207-209.  Abstract + ( 607 )   PDF ( 722183KB )   ( 688 ) We observed of the result that different chromosome number male sterile lines of oilseed rape and Brassica campestris male sterile line with both Brassica campestris and oilseed rape hybridization, observing and analyzing the hybridization process of seed development, analysis of different combinations F1 of the pod and seed and seed development of specific.The results showed that: more number of chromosomes in male sterile lines of oilseed rape as female parent, hybrid affinity significantly higher than the few number of chromosomes in Brassica female parent male sterile line of hybrid combinations do; although the seed-setting rate much lower than the combination of non-distant hybridization , but the end of seed development are mostly normal; and a small number of chromosomes in the sterile line as female parent cabbage with chromosome number of Brassica napus for hybridization, in the process of embryo development, there are serious genetic disorder, which Hybrid seed pollination difficult process, not fertilization, embryo death, have yet to develop mature seeds that germinate in the pod, such as in specific circumstances.

  Research on the Screening for Gerbera tissue culture medium 2010, 26 (7):  210-213.  Abstract + ( 786 )   PDF ( 395991KB )   ( 704 ) Using different culture medium formula on the tissue culture experiment for Gerbera receptacle, a comprehensive analysis of the various culture medium formulas in the process of Gerbera tissue culture which effects the cultivation of callus induction, proliferation of successive transfer culture, strong sprout and rooting. It turns out that most appropriate tissue culture medium of Gerbera callus induction in the test formulations is MS + 6BA10mg/L + NAA1.0mg/L + sugar 30g/L + agar 5%; the most appropriate tissue culture medium for the proliferous cultivation of successive generations is MS + 6BA1.0mg/L + NAA0.2mg/L + sugar 30g/L + agar7% ; the most appropriate tissue culture medium of strong sprout and rooting is 1/2MS + NAA0.5mg/L + sugar20g/L+ agar 7%.

  Isolated culture and Establishment of Regeneration System Of Cerasus pseudocerasus in Higher Efficiency 2010, 26 (7):  214-216.  Abstract + ( 854 )   PDF ( 748898KB )   ( 721 ) Abstracr: The paper studied the isolated culture and regeneration system of Cerasus pseudocerasus, and discussed the effects of different hormone combination on callus, differentiation and rooting. The results show MS+BA1mg/L +NAA0.1mg/L is optimum medium for induction of axillary bud; MS+BA0.5mg/L+2-4D0.5mg/L is optimum medium for callus, differentiation and generation; MS is for strong seedling; 1/2MS+NAA1.0mg/L is the optimum medium for growing root.

  Resistance Evaluation of Leading Rice Varieties to Rice Blast Disease in Fujian Province 2010, 26 (7):  217-221.  Abstract + ( 962 )   PDF ( 495593KB )   ( 736 ) Abstract:The resistance of 18 leading rice varieties in Fujian Province to rice blast disease were assayed under the condition of spray inoculating and nature induce. The results showed that the ratio of resistant varieties, susceptible varieties to Magnaporthe grisea in seedling stage were 61.1% and 38.9%, respectively. There were 2 resistant varieties, 12 middle-resistant varieties, 2 middle-susceptible varieties and 2 susceptible varieties to leaf blast with the ratio of 11.1%, 66.7%, 11.1% and 11.1%, respectively. Guyou 527, Jiafuzan,Teyou 627 showed resistance (R) to panicle blast, and 10 leading rice varieties showed from susceptible (S) to high-susceptible (HS) to panicle blast, such as Jinmingyou 100, Ⅱyou936, Teyou 009, Shanyou 63, Weiyou77, etc. In addition, Interlocal meteorological factors was not the main reason for differences in resistance of leading rice varieties to rice blast disease, and microclimate condition was important environmental factor which affected rice blast disease.

  The Common-toxicity of mixtures of three kides of plant extracts on Plutella xylostella 2010, 26 (7):  222-224.  Abstract + ( 694 )   PDF ( 635729KB )   ( 673 ) The Common-toxicity of the mixtures in plant extracts Hibiscu trionum L, Cynanchi auriculati and Rubia cordifolia L on Plutella xylostella was studied. The result showed that the mixtures of Cynanchi auriculati and Hibiscus trionum L in mix-proportion of 2:1 had remarkable synergistic effects, and common-toxicity cofficient(CTC) was 160.87. And the CTC of the experiment was 107.64, When Rubia Cordifolia mixed with Cynanchi auriculati in mix-proportion of 1: 3. However,The results also indicated that Rubia Cordifolia mixed with Cynanchi auriculati had no synergistic effect.

  STUDY AND APPLICATION ON TOBACCO ENDOPHYT 2010, 26 (7):  225-228.  Abstract + ( 1024 )   PDF ( 446464KB )   ( 969 ) Tobacco endophytes are abundant. Their existence and effect on tobacco have been ignored for they have been living in the healthy plant tissues without causing any diagnostic. With the study on the tobacco endophytes, it has become one of the most popular research topics, because of the great application potentiality in its biocontrol on tobacco diseases and growth-promoting effect and decreasing exotic materials. In this paper, general situation and recent advances on the tobacco endophytes study have been summarized with its use and development views.

  Biological Characteristics of the Pathogen of Fusarium Root Rot of Melon 2010, 26 (7):  229-232.  Abstract + ( 713 )   PDF ( 461619KB )   ( 734 ) Recent years, Fusarium root rot of melon (Cucumis melo) has caused more and more serious damage to melon production in some area of China. We studied the biological characteristics of the pathogen (Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.) in order to provide the basis for the melon breeders to screen the resistant germplasm resources and select resistant melon cultivars to the disease. The results are showed as follow: The temperature affects pathogen growth greatly, the range of temperature for the pathogen growth is 10-40℃, and the optimum is 30℃; The pathogen grows slowly at pH 4,but grows rapidly and different pH has little influence on its growth at the range of pH 5-10; It can utilize many kinds of carbon sources very well; Nitrogen nutrient has a strong effect on the growth of the pathogen, and nitrate-nitrogen [NO3-N] is suitable for its growth, but ammonium-nitrogen [NH4-N] does not favor the pathogen; Both the temperature and relative humidity are the key factors for the conidia germinating, and 100% and 30℃ are the optimal relative humidity and the optimal temperature for the conidia germinating, separately; The conidium lethal temperature is 57℃, 10 minutes lasted.

  Research Progress of Risk Analysis of Biological Invasion 2010, 26 (7):  233-236.  Abstract + ( 689 )   PDF ( 447867KB )   ( 1049 ) With the economic globalization speeding up, invasion of the alien species resulted in very serious harm and huge economic losses for ecological environment in China.In the target region,risk evaluation of invasive species is the precondition of reasonable quarantination and implementation of scientific planning,while potential geographic distribution of invasive species in the target region is the foundation of scientific risk evaluation of invasive species. Ecological niche models(ENMs)，which are widely applied to predict the potential geographic distribution of species，provide an important tool to quantify the risk evaluation of invasive alien species．One of the frequently discussed issues is how to evaluate the effectiveness among different models. In this article, four common ecological niche models were introduced and their advantages and disadvantages were discussed.Using known distribution and the environmental data,MAXENT and GARP produce ecology demand of species based on ecology position, then study biodiversity and potential distribution of species; CLIMEX is to forecast the potential geographic distribution of species by climate parameter collected from the known geographic distribution region of that species.EI value generated from CLIMEX,which is a relative value,has reflected relative abundances of the species in the region,and can be expressed by the graph.GIS can construct potential geographic distribution of invasive species in the target region and unify with other models. This ability mainly depends on its two functions: Interpolation and superimposition.With all this knowledge of the four models, researchers can wisely and effectively choose the model(s) to meet their requirements.

  Laboratory Screening of Fungicides against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides of Cassava Anthracnose 2010, 26 (7):  237-240.  Abstract + ( 669 )   PDF ( 492614KB )   ( 1124 ) Based on two Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolates came from HaiNan province, 13 fungicides were screened in laboratory by hypha growth rate method. Propiconazol 25 % EC, prochloraz 25 % EC and carbendazim 50 % WP were found to have the lowest EC50 value and good inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolates, whereas fenaminosulf 55 % WP and mancozeb 50 % WP had the highest EC50 value but poor inhibition, propiconazol, prochloraz and carbendazim were suggested to be used for field control of Cassava Anthracnose.

  Control effects of cucumber downy mildew and cucumber growth promotion by plant diseases control agent (Randy multi-state) 2010, 26 (7):  241-244.  Abstract + ( 965 )   PDF ( 644522KB )   ( 772 ) Abstract　 The pots experiment results showed that the plant diseases control agent (Randy multi-state) with different concentrations of treatment can promote the growth of cucumber seedlings, especially in 150 fold the best results, root length, plant height, seedling fresh weight and dry weight were reached the maximum. Field trails showed that application of Randy multi-state could significantly increase the plant height of cucumber and make thicker stems, increase the leaf area and photosynthetic efficiency, extend green leaf function; to promote plant growth. Prevention and control of cucumber downy mildew, The relative control efficacy of 100 fold and 150 fold and 200 fold Randy multi-state was more significant than that of other chemical drugs and water, the 150 fold of effect of Best.

  The present situation of ecological environment and its recovery strategy on the Minqin oasis 2010, 26 (7):  245-251.  Abstract + ( 838 )   PDF ( 663910KB )   ( 852 ) Minqin oasis is one of the typical dry-desert areas, its ecological environment is frailty, but its environment has been degraded sharply caused by shorting of water resource, declining underwater, etc. Making an objective analysis focusing on the existence of major problems of ecology and environment in current Minqin oasis, it puts forward some strategies and suggestions for the future integrative administration and recovery of ecological environment of this area

  Subdividing the Type of Ecological Compensation And Designing Plan During Construction of Economic zone on the West Side of the Strait 2010, 26 (7):  252-256.  Abstract + ( 804 )   PDF ( 445448KB )   ( 686 ) Abstract: This paper puts forward an ecological compensation method which is based on surveying economic zone on the west side of the Strait, studies current situation of the field of compensates, And subdivides the type of ecological compensation, and designs different plans based on the subdividing, which can provide reference for policy—making in other areas．

  Study on the Ecological Risk Based on GIS in the West Heilongjiang Province 2010, 26 (7):  257-260.  Abstract + ( 712 )   Taking the west of Heilongjiang province as a case ,an integrated ecological risk index was built based on climate ,soil and lucc. Regional physical background ,ecosystem frangibility ,landscape fragmentation and external interference constitute the ecological risk index system .With the support of geographical information system technology ,the state of ecological risk in the west Heilongjiang province was analyzed .The results showed that the spatial distribution of ecological risk had a significant regional difference ,and the ecological risk was higher in the around of center city , the ecological risk was lower in northwest Qiqihar city , Fuyu county and northeast Lindian county, other region was in the middle.

  Construction of a composite consortia with high capacity of lingocellulose degradation 2010, 26 (7):  261-266.  Abstract + ( 738 )   PDF ( 1185131KB )   ( 938 ) A mixture consisting of cellulose-decomposing fungi Y11-4 and X2, lignin-degrading fungus L3 and yeast J6 was obtained by strain combination according to the stalk-degrading efficiency. With maize stalk as sole carbon source, the five kinds of domesticated strains from forest soil, cornfield soil, bamboo soil, rotten cornstalk and garden soil were found by the techniques of limited cultivation and using pH as a criterion of stability. And a complex of domesticated strains from forest soil, bamboo soil and rotten corn stalk was prepared based on the straw-degrading efficiency. The straw-degrading efficiency of the complex was up to 38.3%. A efficient straw-degrading composite microbial system was constructed by mixing domesticated strains from forest soil, bamboo soil and rotten corn stalk with Y11-4+X2+L3+J6 and continuous limited subculture. And its straw degradation efficiency was up to 45.7% in 14 days

  Temporal and Spatial Change of Idle Rural Housing Land:a case study in Wendeng county 2010, 26 (7):  267-272.  Abstract + ( 664 )   PDF ( 771309KB )   ( 718 ) The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatiotemporal extension and driving force of idle rural housing land in Wendeng county. Methods of documentation, investigation and statistics technology are employed. The results indicate that the main character of idle housing land extension is punctuate from 1990 to1996. however, it changed into area forms from 1996 to 2006.The conclusion of the study is that population decrease, economy development and policy restriction are the driving forces of idle rural housing land extension.

  The important significance of forage panting and it’s rotation in hilly area of Sichuan province 2010, 26 (7):  273-278.  Abstract + ( 683 )   PDF ( 532969KB )   ( 675 ) This paper reviewed the population growing, farmland decreasing, serious soil degradation and inconsistent structure between breeding and planting, indicates that the food security tendency in Sichuan province was getting worse. Based on the reviewed results, the conclusions were: crop and forage intercropping could control soil erosion, improve soil texture and fertility, increase farmers' income and agricultural output of unit area. Therefore, the crop rotation of forage intercropping with crop was the sustainable crop rotation of hilly area of Sichuan province.

  Precipitation Variation Analysis in EastSouth of Anhui Province From 1960 to 2005 2010, 26 (7):  279-284.  Abstract + ( 630 )   PDF ( 1242059KB )   ( 681 ) Base on the observational data of severn meteorological stations from 1960 to 2005,the temporal distributions and their trends for precipitation in EastSouth of Anhui Province are investigated. The conclusion can be drawn as follows:, the precipitation in EastSouth of Anhui has an decrease trend from 1960s.but the precipitation in EastSouth of Anhui has an increase trend, though the annual precipitation has no significant change trend. Autumn has an significant increase trend . The annual precipitation days ,spring and winter precipitation days in EastSouth of Anhui have not significient changed. The precipitation days of summer have slightly increased ,while decreased in autumn.The extreme total rainfall since 1981 appear a increase trend ,but have a significient decreased trend from 1963 to 1965 and in 1968. extreme precipitation intensity and frequency take on a not obvious trend from 1960 to 2005.

  Effects of Soil Combination Amendments of Gypsum and Natural Organic Matter on Chemical and Physical Properties of Salinized Fluvo-aquic Soil and Maize Yield 2010, 26 (7):  285-289.  Abstract + ( 801 )   PDF ( 726148KB )   ( 752 ) Abstract: The objective of this study was to enhance the yield of maize by improving chemical and physical properties of salinized fluvo-aquic soils with the combined amendments of gypsum and natural organic matter. The experiment utilized two formulas of soil amendments in which gypsum was combined with natural organic matter at different ratio, four application amounts, and a field with no amendments as control, total of nine treatments with three replicates each. Compared with control, soils with combined amendments decreased soil bulk density by 2.30%~11.86%, increased bulk porosity by 0.16%~10.52%, enhanced capillary porosity by 6.28%~26.30%, and reduced noncapillary porosity by 7.82%~52.38%. Different application amounts of the two amendment formulas, compared with control, at most reduced soil total salt amount, ESP, Na++K+ and Cl- by 127.27%, 95.69%, 185.5%, and 471.2%, respectively, and at most increased soil SO42- and Ca2+ by 481.19% and 478.25%, respectively. Soil amendments can not only improve soil physical structures and chemical ion compositions, but also provide crops with enriched humic acid and nutrients such as Ca and S. Compared with control, soils with combined amendments enhanced maize yield by 10.19% ~ 30.99%, and improved economic efficiency by 10.72% ~18.67%.

  Decomposition Characteristics of Corn Stalk Treated by Phanerochaete chrysosporium 2010, 26 (7):  290-294.  Abstract + ( 731 )   PDF ( 948854KB )   ( 755 ) Abstract: In this paper, corn stalks with different granularities were treated by Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and discussed the decomposition characteristics of the stalk by the measurement of the decomposition rates of stalk and lignin, and the total amount of organic matters, humic acid, H/F, carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups. The results showed that the quantities of the stalk, organic matter, and lignin gradually decreased during the decomposition process. There was a significant relationship between the decomposition rate and time and the particle size of the stalk. Furthermore, humic degree increased with H/F increasing, while the content of phenolic hydroxyl decreased, and carboxyl content increased. These results indicated the decomposition process of the stalk is an oxidation one that phenolic hydroxyl is oxidized to be carboxyl.

  Status and Prevention Measurements of Farmland Pollution in China 2010, 26 (7):  295-298.  Abstract + ( 830 )   PDF ( 493051KB )   ( 989 ) This paper deals with current situation and development trend of farmland pollution in China. And the characteristics of farmland pollution were discussed, the resource of farmland pollution were point out, and the danger were caused by farmland pollution were discussed in the present paper. Meanwhile, some prevention countermeasures were put out according to the the current situation of farmland pollution in China. The prospects of the farmland pollution in China have been also discussed in this paper.

  Study on Purified Efficiency of Phosphorus and Nitrogen from Eutrophicated Landscape Water by Four Floating Ornamental Plants 2010, 26 (7):  299-302.  Abstract + ( 693 )   PDF ( 580682KB )   ( 792 ) Four kinds of ecological floating beds were made of Stachys japonica , Lycopus lucidus , Rumex japonicus, Rumex acetosa, respectively, to study their effects on removing nitrogen and phosphorus from eutrophicated landscape water. The experiment lasted 40 days. The results indicated that four ornamental plants were adaptable to grow in the eutrophicated landscape water, and their biomass , height significantly increased at the end of experiment. Four plants had good removal effects on the CODCr、TN、TP、and NH3-N , which were higher than the control treatment. Based on their good effects on nitrogen and phosphorus removal, four ornamental plants are recommended as species of aquatic vegetation in eutrophicated landscape water.

  Studies on the Sampling Strategy for Ex-Situ Conservation of Oryza rufipogon Griff. 2010, 26 (7):  303-306.  Abstract + ( 593 )   PDF ( 468033KB )   ( 688 ) This study discussed the sampling strategy for ex-situ conservation of Oryza rufipogon Griff. with SSR markers. The results indicated that: If it is necessary to have the ratio of the sampling genetic diversity and the actually genetic diversity be more than 90% and 95%, the sampled numbers should be 25 or 30 individuals respectively.

  Characteristics of Organophorusphorus and Organochlor and Pyrethroid pesticide Multi-residues in vegetables in Drought agriculture irrigation 2010, 26 (7):  307-310.  Abstract + ( 865 )   PDF ( 463225KB )   ( 733 ) Abstract: In 2008, 150 samples were collected from vegetable production bases with A random and fixed-point approach in the Wuwei City,. Gas chromatography was adopted to test pesticide residues of 20 kinds of organic Ophosphorus .13 kinds of organic Chlorine and Dalmatian Chrysanthemum Ester. The results showed that the disable and restricted pesticides Methamidaphos Phorate 666, DDT is this area of the main factors of quality and safety of vegetables, Phoxim Acephate in such allows the use of pesticide residues in vegetable chlorpyrifos at risk is bigger, Chlorpyrifos has potential risks in stem and leaf vegetables.

  The study of volatile substances from Cedar and its antibacterial benefit 2010, 26 (7):  311-313.  Abstract + ( 963 )   PDF ( 466548KB )   ( 814 ) Abstrat :Volatile organic compounds of cedar leaf were identified by using solid-phase micro-extraction and GC / MS analysis, 31 species chemical constituents were identified, The main components were 1R-α-pinene, α-pinene, myrcene, limonene, caryophyllene, etc.; the inhibiting effect about the cedar on bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes were studied ,the results show that the cedar has a stronge ability to remove micro-organisms and the ability changes with the seasons, this difference was related to the volatile organic compounds.

  Analysis of Body Volatiles of the Banana Corm Weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) by Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry 2010, 26 (7):  314-318.  Abstract + ( 851 )   PDF ( 513834KB )   ( 742 ) Abstract: In order to investigate body volatiles of the banana corm weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar), solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was applied to trap body volatiles of C. sordidus, and the trapped body volatiles were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that: there were 9, 8 and 9 body volatiles of C. sordidus females, males, females and males(females : males = 1:1), representing 61.05%, 39.46% and 17.43% of the total peak area, respectively. The same body volatiles were Ocimene, à-Cubebene, Phenol,(1.1-dimethylethyl)-2-methoxy-, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester, 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbiphenyl, Phthalic acid,diisobutyl ester, and relative content of Ocimene (19.15%) was the highest in three body volatiles. There were all kinds of constituents, and relative contents were significantly different in C. sordidus.

  Research on Processing Qualities of New Sugarcane Varieties Introduced 2010, 26 (7):  319-323.  Abstract + ( 663 )   PDF ( 453792KB )   ( 835 ) After Initial growing in recent years, choosing 14 sugarcane varieties introduced which had better comprehensive processing qualities as the material , researching the main processing qualities of sugarcane 's stem at different times In the process maturity.The results showed that :ganzhe18,funong15,yunlin6,T88/99,ROC22, CP84/1198 were early-maturing with high sucrose content,andC1-2003,yuetang96/86,yuanlin8,yunzhe99/601,T98/0432 were middle-maturing with middle sucrose content,funong15,ROC22,yuanlin6,andT88/99 had better comprehensive processing qualities.At the same time,we had discussed the maturity,the arrangements of cutting -transportation,and plantation zones of varieties in sugarcane zones.

  INFORMATION EXTRACTION OF WINTER FALLOW FIELDS IN SOUTH CHINA BASED ON MODIS-NDVI 2010, 26 (7):  324-329.  Abstract + ( 1024 )   In order to resolve the fault of traditional methods，MODIS-NDVI time series data, land-use plan in 1985 and Agricultural Statistics data of Hubei province were used to obtain MODIS-NDVI time series curve from April 2007 to March 2008 in Hubei Province. As a result of impacts by clouds, atmosphere during transmission, remote sensing images’ curve fall short of statistical data, even sometimes appeared apparent dislocation phenomena with phenophase. In order to accurately reflect the true features of land surface, we used the Fourier transform to make time series data to frequency domain from space domain, used Savitzky-Golay filter for denoising processing and analysis, and then compared the results with that of Hanning denoising filter in ERDAS. Results showed that the former is better. It not only can remove noise, non-circular stripes, but also retain maximum details of the characteristics. Now, adopted the inverse Fourier transform to the results of Savitzky-Golay to get relatively smooth curve. Combined with phenological characteristics of Hubei Province, we made analysis on curve, and then according to the specific information curve, made classification to the original images from December 2007 to February 2008 in Hubei province. Two types of winter fallow fields and non-winter fallow fields were got considering the results of 9 image classification results, integrated the total results of winter fallow field’s distribution, area and number of days in Hubei province. The total areas of winter fallow fields is 5564.3 kilometers and most of them located in the southeast of Hubei province.

  The Characteristic of Annually Last Frost in Shanxi and SVD Aalysis Between The Last Frost and The North Pacific SST in spring 2010, 26 (7):  330-335.  Abstract + ( 614 )   PDF ( 1043832KB )   ( 699 ) Abstract: Based on the annually last frost data of 35 stations in Shanxi during 1971—2008 and the mean monthly reanalysis SST data(grid:2°×2°)of NCEP/NCAR,the temporal-spatial characteristics of the last frost in Shanxi and the relationship of the sea surface temperature in spring of the northern Pacific Ocean are investigated in terms of wavelet analysis, empirical orthogonal function(EOF), singular value decomposition(SVD)and else. Results show that the temporal evolution and spatial distribution of the last frost are not homogeneous in Shanxi. There are prominent inter-annual and inter-decadal variability of the last frost. The last frost anomaly existed 3-year、5-year, 15-year periodic variation in Shanxi. And the relationship between the last frost and SST over the northern Pacific Ocean are investigated, The key region which influences the last frost anomaly has been found. And the SST of the key region has the best negative correlation with the last frost.

  Influence of Cover Cropping on Cotton Growing and Field Environment on the Upland Red Soil 2010, 26 (7):  336-342.  Abstract + ( 799 )   PDF ( 1214918KB )   ( 705 ) In recent years, mulch cultivation as one of the protective cultivation measures of the Upland Red Soil, used widely in agricultural production day by day. At present, the plastic film cultivation and straw mulching cultivation of dryland conservation tillage is the two main ways on red soil in south china. In this study, through analysis of different cover ways on the growth and development of cotton, red soil of dryland soil temperature, soil moisture of different changes, as well as the ratio of soil carbon and nitrogen to explore coverage under different ecological and environmental effects, therefore, for the promotion in upland red soil of appropriate measures to cover planting, provide for a theoretical basis and reference patterns.

  Fermentation on the By-products of Mackerel Processing with Lactobacillus 2010, 26 (7):  343-346.  Abstract + ( 682 )   PDF ( 553073KB )   ( 787 ) Effects of lactobacillus fermentation on by-products in mackerel processing were studied in this experiment. Bacteriostatic action of lactobacillus on by-products of mackerel processing were determined, chemical composition and sensory evaluation of the by-products of mackerel processing were analyzed after fermentation. Lactobacillus inhibited the bacterial growth in by-products of mackerel processing. Contents of protein, fat, ash and water of by-products of mackerel processing had no significant difference between the fermentation group and the control, but the sensory of the fermentation group was better than that of the control. Those result indicate that fermentation on the by-products of mackerel processing with lactobacillus would not change its nutritional value, but could improve its taste and prolong its storage life.

  The Opinions of the Names’ Formation Causes of Rivers in the Northern Areas of China 2010, 26 (7):  347-350.  Abstract + ( 812 )   PDF ( 422589KB )   ( 724 ) Abstract: In China, most rivers are called “jiang” and“he”, and are regional characteristic. In the south of China, most rivers are called “jiang”; in the north of China, most rivers are called “he”. But the rivers in northern of China are exceptional. Most of the rivers in this area, except rivers in Liaohe River Basin, called “he”, are named as “jiang”, such as “Songhua Jiang, Heilong Jiang, Nen Jiang and Mudan Jiang and so on. This phenomenon is related to the physical geography of this area and the communication and formation of concepts.

  The Tang Dynasty tribute fresh litchi way tests distinguishes Xue Zongbao 2010, 26 (7):  351-353.  Abstract + ( 690 )   PDF ( 457824KB )   ( 637 ) The litchi chinensis is native to south China, at the beginning of Han Dynasty pays tribute Chang An. The litchi chinensis maintains freshness difficultly, the high quality goods have fresh litchi, dried meat, dried lichees and so on. Tang Dynasty tribute fresh litchi first choice Lingnan famous work, but produces by Fuzhou primarily. Reasons: the way distance is near, the relay station transfer time is short, although non-famous work, but may send fresh.

  The Key Technologies and Advances in Research of Alcohol Production from Sugar Beet Fermented Li Wen1, Wang Xin1, Liu Yingchun1, Yang Bo2 2010, 26 (7):  354-359.  Abstract + ( 767 )   PDF ( 556256KB )   ( 1036 ) Based on the fundamental principle of no effect on the present agricultural structure of planting grain crops for food security and cash crops when developing bio-energy industry in China, the authors calculated the ethanol potential yield from sugar beet by using marginal land in North, Northeast and Northwest China, and the ways to increase energy beet adverse resistance and fermentable sugars was also analyzed. The paper summarized the progress of research and development on alcohol fermentation of sugar beet, which including methods of pretreatment for raw material, breeding of efficient yeasts, optimizing of fermentation condition and multipurpose utilization of industrial waste of alcohol fermentation. Sugar beet is regarded as a energy crop having strong and comprehensive ability of coping with salt and alkaline，which has important values for alcohol production. This article indicated the main factors for industrialization of alcohol fermentation of sugar beet are raw material stable supplying, efficient yeasts breeding, and by-product processing based on eco-environmental protection.

  The Analysis of Tourism Benefits of four tourist Destinations in Taihang Mountain of Hebei Province in 2008 Jia Henan1, Ma Xiaojing1, Qin Anchen1, Zhao Dandan1, Wang Hefei1, 2010, 26 (7):  360-363.  Abstract + ( 838 )   PDF ( 622923KB )   ( 681 ) In order to understand tourism impact on economy, environment and society , this paper sets up the performance evaluation indicator system by the 16 indicators, and definitudes quantification methods of every indicator. And analysis the efficiency of Yesanpo, Wolong Villa, Xibaipo and Qiannanyu in Taihang Mountain of Hebei Province.The results show that the operational efficiency is obvious of the four tourist destination,and tourism efficiency and tourist destination awareness, favorite and satisfaction are positively related.

  Research on the Dynamic Relationship between Urbanization and the New Rural Construction Hu Mu1, Ni Hejin2 2010, 26 (7):  364-369.  Abstract + ( 635 )   PDF ( 548500KB )   ( 619 ) There is a dynamic relational model between Urbanization and the new rural construction. If the premise and assumption of this model have been set up,it will lead to the positive interaction between urban and rural areas. On the contrary, conflicts will arises between the two sides,and the gap between them will be enlarged. We attempt to analyze this dynamic relationship, point out the differences between hypothetical model and reality, and put forward policy suggestions.

  Economic Influence of Investment Policy in Agriculture of China under the Background of Post International Financial Crisis Sun Yi1, Wang Zheng1,2 2010, 26 (7):  374-378.  Abstract + ( 658 )   PDF ( 503251KB )   ( 676 ) In the era of post international financial crisis, investment policy on agriculture industry is still one of the key policies in China. In order to support agriculture industry investment policy’s formulation, we improved related researches from single-regional and partial equilibrium framework to multi-regional and general equilibrium framework, and we constructed a multi-regional CGE model of China. We analyzed a typical policy scenario. And then We suggested that China should continue to increase investment in agriculture, but at the same time, China should protect urban employment and welfares of the resigned people in the rural area.

  The Theoretical Knowledge and Its Practical Value about the Kind of Chinese Village-Level Democracy ——From the View of Western Democratic Theory Hao Wei 2010, 26 (7):  379-382.  Abstract + ( 647 )   PDF ( 420115KB )   ( 618 ) The knowledge about the kind of Chinese village-level democracy is the product of the practice of village-level democratic politics, and reflects the practice. Any kind knowledge of this field inevitably has practice value, which also guides the development of village-level democratic politics. If the knowledge can’t objectively reflect the reality of the field, it will not provide the right guidance for this task. Therefore, it is very important theoretical work to get the knowledge about Chinese village-level democracy, and western democratic theory is valuable to the work.

  High-efficiency Agriculture and Its Ideas for Development By Wang Jianfa,Chen Xiaodong &Li Qingsheng Wang Jianfa1, Chen Xiaodong2, Lu Benguo1,Zhang Guiping3, Li Qingsheng2 2010, 26 (7):  383-386.  Abstract + ( 942 )   PDF ( 419102KB )   ( 880 ) Abstract: High-efficiency Agriculture is market-oriented one with the optimal combination of all productive factors and sicentific integration of different agriculral technologies, which aims to achieve best economic, social and ecological benefits with the help of modern scientific technologies , to make full use of the natural and social resourses and hence improve the land output, increase resource utilization rate, productivity of labour, and to produce high-yield,high-quality and safe agricultural products of. multi-series,and multi-varieties, According to the principles of Agroecology, the ideas for the development of high-efficiency agriculture are to develop the rural economics scientifically aided by Facilities Farming and Local-characterized Agriculture, motivated by Agricultural Industrialization, based on developing Ecological Agriculture, guided by international and domestic markets, and in terms of the local resourses and condition.