Current issue

• 2007 Vol.23 No.12 Published:05 December 2007

  目次

  Effect of Estrus and Ovulation Induction of Sows Lin Feng, Wang Ziheng, Shi Mingyan, Chen yuxia, Fang Liyun 2007, 23 (12):  23-23.  Abstract + ( 1636 )   PDF ( 187080KB )   ( 746 ) Different methods was used to study the effect of the estrus and ovulation induction of sows in this paper. Three methods were applied to research the estrus and ovulation induction of sows. The results showed that the estrous rate and conception rate using PMSG+HCG method were extremely different（P﹤0.01）from those of trio-mixture hormone method, and significant difference（P﹤0.05）from those of PMSG method, and the estrous rate and conception rate of PMSG method were significant difference（P﹤0.05）from those of trio-mixture hormone method. The estrous peak of sows treated by PMSG+HCG method was 48~96 hour after injected hormone, and the estrus of sows presented the obvious synchronization. The litter size and the number of alive piglets of sows were improved by using PMSG+HCG method, but conception rate of sows weren’t influenced by this method. The observation of the ovulation and early-embryos’ development of sows showed that the quality of embryos wasn’t influenced upon when PMSG+HCG method was used to be estrus and ovulation induction of sows. The embryos began to enter womb before 60h after sows accepted mating of the boar, and they should be in 4 cell stage in this time. The results explained that the effect of gonadotropin on estrus induction of sows were better than that of sex hormone. It was feasible that the estrus and ovulation of sows were induced by injecting the appropriate dose of PMSG and HCG.

  Effect of Betaine on the Growth and Proliferation of Fibroblast Cell from Three-Yellow Broilers Embryos Xiao Mei, Zhang tubao, Wu Lingfeng, An Lilong, Li Yuejian, Xu Yingmei, Wang Xibo 2007, 23 (12):  27-27.  Abstract + ( 1631 )   PDF ( 142732KB )   ( 479 ) 【Objective】This aim of this experiment was to study the effects of different concentration betaine on the micronucleus(MN) and the growth and proliferation of Three-Yellow chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) in order to reveal the effects of mechanism of betaine on Three-Yellow broilers at cell level. 【Method】The Three-Yellow chicken embryo fibroblast cell (CEF) was isolated and cultured with supplement 10mM or 20mM betaine into culture medium. 【Results】Firstly, there were no significant effects on MN of Three-Yellow CEF by supplement 10mM or 20mM betaine into culture medium. It significantly increased the micronucleus rate of CEF to added 30mM, 40mM, 50mM betaine into culture medium, secondly, Betaine could effectively promote the growth and proliferation of Three-Yellow CEF when added 10mM or 20mM betaine into basic medium (DMEM+15%NBS). The rerult also showed that had the best proliferation of CEF in all groups when added 20mM betaine into basic medium. But betaine could restraint the growth and proliferation of Three-Yellow CEF when added 50mM betaine into basic medium. 【Conclusion】The result showed that low dose of Betaine could promote the growth and proliferation of Three-Yellow broilers embryo fibroblast, high dose of Betaine could hurt the division of Three-Yellow broilers embryo fibroblast.

  Development of Real-time PCR Assay for Geese Growth Hormone Receptor Gene Yang Jun, Zhang Cai, Xiao Cuihong, Li Xin 2007, 23 (12):  32-32.  Abstract + ( 1488 )   PDF ( 469571KB )   ( 923 ) The probe and primers were designed and synthesized according to the growth hormone receptor sequence of goose available in GenBank. Then a real-time RT-PCR assay was developed and assessed. Results showed that the standard curve made by pMD-18T-GHR had good linear dependence, and the fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR assay was sensitive, specific and reliable. The expression of GHR mRNA were difference in liver during postnatal 90 days , and there was different changing pattern in other tissues at 30 days between Zigeese and Rhine.

  Microsatellite Analysis of Genetic Diversity for Leizhou Goat and Longlin Goat Wang Dongjin, Hou Guanyu, Wang Wenqiang, Guan Song, Rong Guang, Ma Yuehui 2007, 23 (12):  37-37.  Abstract + ( 1517 )   PDF ( 2199344KB )   ( 646 ) In order to investigate the genetic resources status of mainly goat breeds in tropical and subtropical region of China, the author detect the genetic diversity of Longlin goats and Leizhou goats which distributed different locations by 14 pairs Microsatellite primers. The result showed that the average polymorphic information content (PIC)of Longlin goat (Liuzhou and Baipeng) and Leizhou goat (Xuwen and Hainan) were 0.645, 0.600, 0.483, 0.518, average heterozygosity were 0.281, 0.421, 0121, 0.157 and average number of alleles were 5.17, 4.93, 4.64, 4.5 respectively, three sets of data indicated that the two goat breeds was lack of genetic diversity relatively and genetic variation was lower; the clustered result of NJ Methods showed that two groups of Longlin goats clustered into one category, then clustered with Leizhou goat (Xuwen) together, for the final was Leizhou goat (Hainan), This was in accordance with the origin and geographical distribution of two breeds, The results of this study provide the basis and scientific data for the goat breeds resources development and utilization in tropical and subtropical region of China.

  Study on effects of Sugar/Urea feeding bricks in Simmental cross-bulls Han Xiangmin, Li Junzhu 2007, 23 (12):  42-42.  Abstract + ( 1608 )   PDF ( 86153KB )   ( 460 ) To study effects of Sugar/Urea feeding bricks in Simmental cross-bulls, the experiment was conducted using total of 20 bulls. These bulls were randomly divided into four groups and intensively fatten for 45 days. Experiment groups fed on Sugar/Urea feeding Bricks and slightly stored straw, Sugar/Urea feeding bricks and ordinary wheatgrass, slightly Stored straw, respectively and control group fed on ordinary wheatgrass .The result show that average daily gain of three experimental groups is more 707g, 505g, 383g than control group and increased by 550%,450% and 344% ,respectively. So the gain effect on experimental groups was evidently higher than that of control group(P<0.01) through F Test. There was no significant diversity between groupⅠ and groupⅡ (P>0.05), also no significant diversity in groupⅡ and group Ⅲ (P>0.05).But groupⅠis more 324g than groupⅢ in average daily gain and improved by 60% and has a significant diversity(P<0.05) .It suggested that Sugar/Urea feeding bricks will contribute to digest and make full use of cropstraw. Meanwhile, experimental groupⅠ and groupⅡ are more faster in weighting than groupⅢ and control group and have evidently economic benefits.

  Construction of expression vector of Arabidopsis Male sterile GHF gene using Gateway Cloning Technology Hu jinyan,, Zhang shuxiang, Wang xiaowu, Wu jian 2007, 23 (12):  45-45.  Abstract + ( 1627 )   PDF ( 284503KB )   ( 868 ) With the completion of the whole genome sequence of mode plant Arabidopsis, more functions of male sterile gene need to be expounded. Using Arabidopsis mutant bank to identify functions of mutant gene and corresponding vector need to be constructed .In order to carry out the complementary experiment. Gateway cloning technology is a fast cloning system. In this article, using Gateway technology GHF gene expression vector was constructed and introduced into Arabidopsis. It was useful for further gene functional research.

  The Primal Study on Enhancing Regeneration Frequency of Resynthesized Brassica napus Yi Jialing, Zhou Qingyuan,, Cui cui, Li Jiana,, Yin Jiaming,, Lin Na, 2007, 23 (12):  49-49.  Abstract + ( 1371 )   PDF ( 114441KB )   ( 411 ) The preservation of crops materials plays very important role in research and utilization of resources. In this paper, artificial synthesis Brassica napus, named KH106, KH109 and KH111D, has been separately studied regeneration capability of scape, germen and flower stalk as explants. It showed that KH106, which derives from B. albograbra Bailey × B. Parichinensis, had higher regeneration frequency than other two lines KH109 and KH111D, which derive from B.oleracea Var aceaphala × B.campetris. As for different explants, average regeneration frequency of flower stalk was higher with significant level than others. In addition, Some different explants were pretreated with different medium for different periods, the result indicated that regeneration frequency is higher when explants were not pretreated and transited directly on the differentiation medium.

  Application of Biotechnology on the Classification of Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) Tan Liangkui, Wang Wenkai 2007, 23 (12):  53-53.  Abstract + ( 1523 )   PDF ( 147713KB )   ( 730 ) The classification system of longhorn beetles was mainly based on morphological characters. Recently, biotechnology especially molecular biological technology had been applied in the classification of longhorn beetles. Here, electrophoretic analysis of isozyme, molecular markers RAPD, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nucleotide sequence analysis on the study of longhorn beetles were reviewed. These methods had been used in identification of close relative species, phylogeny of species or higher taxa, population genetic variation and speciation, molecular evolution and biogeography of longhorn beetles. Meanwhile, the research prospects of molecular biological technology of longhorn beetles were discussed.

  Studies on the Plant Regeneration and Induction and Differentiation of Explant of Dendranthema morifolium Wu Yougen 2007, 23 (12):  63-63.  Abstract + ( 1337 )   PDF ( 140812KB )   ( 515 ) Dendranthema morifolium is one of ten traditional and famous flowers in our country and four cut flowers in the world, and has ornamental, edible and medicinal values. Regenerated approachs, explant selection, hormone types and its proportions of Dendranthema morifolium were concluded and analyzed more exhaustively in the paper. The results showed: for most researchers, leaves and stems as the explant were selected and regenerated straightly to adventitious shoots, and the ranges of concentration of 6-BA, NAA, 2,4-D were 0.5~3mg/L, 0.1~1mg/L, 0.5~1mg/L respectively. The existent presently problems and developmental orientations in the future were also discussed in the paper.

  A CAPS Marker for Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Gene atp6 in Petaloid Type Carrota Yu Chunxia，LiangYi，Li Longnian 2007, 23 (12):  68-68.  Abstract + ( 1686 )   PDF ( 715008KB )   ( 523 ) In this paper, PCR primers were designed based on the sequence of a single copy in atp6 gene. A 500bp fragment was amplified, and then the PCR products were digested with restriction enzym BglII. A fragment of 60bp was detected in cytoplasmic male sterility in petaloid type carrot with gene. CAPS marker was developed based on the polymorphism of restriction sites. The molecular marker could be used for marker assistance selection in male sterility carrot breeding.

  Sequence Analysis and Three-dimensional Structure modeling of Pyruvate Orthophosphate Dikinase from Echinochloa crusgalli var frumentacea(Roxb.)W.F.Wight Chen Weiguo,Yang Jinwen,Wang Jiliang,Wang Jinming 2007, 23 (12):  73-73.  Abstract + ( 1631 )   PDF ( 720042KB )   ( 663 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The PPDK gene had been cloned from many plants. The research on its protein structure has not been studied. This paper analyses Echinochloa crusgalli var frumentacea(Roxb.)W.F.Wight’s PPDK sequence by bioinformatics and model its three-dimension structure.【METHOD】Sequence analysis of Pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase from [Echinochloa crusgalli var frumentacea(Roxb.)W.F.Wight] was conducted by bioinformatics tools such as DNAstar，Vector NTI and SignalP etc.【RESULTS】The results show that Pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase from [Echinochloa crusgalli var frumentacea(Roxb.)W.F.Wight] in this study had higher similarity with higher plant’s PPDK, contained 17 transmemberane regions but no signal peptide and its secondary structure was composed of many alpha regions,turns regions and few beta regions.Based on the primary and secondary structure analysis of PPDK, Three-dimensional structure of PPDK was developed by homology modeling methods.【CONCLUSION】Pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase from [Echinochloa crusgalli var frumentacea(Roxb.)W.F.Wight] had higher similarity with higher plant’s PPDK, contained 17 transmemberane regions but no signal peptide.The three-dimension structure exhibit homotetramer.

  cDNA-AFLP Technique and Its Application in Cloning of Differentially Expressed Genes Yu Hong, Ding Guohua, 2007, 23 (12):  77-77.  Abstract + ( 1230 )   PDF ( 119991KB )   ( 741 ) cDNA-AFLP technology, which is used mainly for studying genetic difference, and developed on AFLP technological foundation, and had the reliable advantage and high-efficient, is favored by researcher and widely used in the research of all kinds of biological gene expression including plant. This article elaborated briefly the cDNA-AFLP technology principle, discussed emphatically the issue and the technical key which in the operating process possibly appears, and have carried on the comparison on this technology with other difference expression technology, explained it expresses in the gene in the clone difference the superiority, has enumerated briefly some examples in disease resistant breeding application.

  Genetic Diversity Analysis of KeXin Series Potato Cultivars by RAPD Markers Tian GuoKui, Li FengYun, Liu ZhaoJun, Li QingQuan, Wang LiChun, Sheng WanMin, Niu zhimin 2007, 23 (12):  81-81.  Abstract + ( 1351 )   PDF ( 504115KB )   ( 517 ) The RAPD was used to study the genetic diversity of 19 KinXin series potato cultivars. The result showed that 52 RAPD bands were amplified using 7 primer, among them 43 bands were polymorphic, and 4~9 bands were amplified in each lane. The RAPD analysis indicated that the genetic distance of 19 potato cultivars was between 0.17~0.72, average value was 0.39. When all of the polymorphic bands were analysed by cluster analysis, 19 potato cultivars were classified into 3 groups. The analysis showed that there existed close sibship among the majority of potato cultivars, and the genetic distance between the minority cultivars and the others is longer, which indicate that the genetic basis of KeXin series potato cultivars is wide. The RAPD is more suitable in the diversity study of potato cultivars, and suitable to analyse the sibship of potato cultivars in breeding.

  Sdudy on Efficient in Vitro Regeneration System of Leaves of Populus Tomentosa Carr Ma Tongfu,, Ma Zongxin 2007, 23 (12):  88-88.  Abstract + ( 1429 )   PDF ( 352483KB )   ( 534 ) The leaves of fast growing poplar were used as explants and a in vitro culture system was established. The results showed that the leaf vein and petiole produced adventitious buds very easily and most buds occurred directly in the leaves; the BA concentration in media is the key to the bud formation; when the concentration was 0.5~2.0mg/L BA, the adventitious buds occurred, and combining 1.0mg/L BA with0.05mg/l NAA was beneficial to the adventitious bud formation; adding 0.1~0.2mg/L GA3 to the media could increase the Frequency of producing the adventitious buds. Use the propagation medium MS+0.5mg/L BA+0.05mg/L NAA +0.05mg/L GA3 could not only realize rapid propagation but also make the plantlets robust and the verifications rate lower. Adopting transition culture in rooting had a better result, and adding ABT3-rooting-powder to the media made the quality of test-tuber plantlets much better. The in vitro regeneration system of leaves of the poplar was established based on the experimental results. Using this system could reach a high regeneration frequency but different varieties would differ a little bit.

  Inducing Medium Optimization for Agrobacterium-medieted Transformation System of Carrot（Daucus carota L.） Guo Zhixiang, Mi Xiaoju, Cui Jizhe, Liu Yinsong 2007, 23 (12):  93-93.  Abstract + ( 1542 )   PDF ( 222345KB )   ( 543 ) Although high frequency of regeneration system determines the transfer of foreign gene, it is different from transformation system. In order to increasing the regenerating frequency of carrot by Agrobacterium transformation, the concentration of plant growth regulators and selective agents were studied on the regeneration of hypocotyls from 2 cultivars, which were transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing recombinant human interleukin-2 gene (IL-2). The results showed that the carrot of different genotypes responded differently with the plant growth regulators. There was no significant difference on the three kinds of callus inducing medium for cultivar Linfeng. In contrast, the rate of embryogenic callus and the number of resistant plants in cultivar Japanese black filed five inch was raised with increasing plant growth regulator concentration. The highest rate of embryogenic callus was 87.5% on the medium containing MS+1.0 mg/L 2,4-D+1.0 mg/L6-BA+PPT, and the number of the resistant plants was 59. Therefore, it is essential to re-optimize the inducing medium with co-cultivation．

  Effective Isolation of Total RNA from Tobacco Tissues Ding Fuzhang, Li Jixin, Yuan Youbo, Lei Bo 2007, 23 (12):  98-98.  Abstract + ( 1563 )   PDF ( 143511KB )   ( 999 ) 【OBJECTIVE】To find the best methods for isolating high quality total RNA from different tissues of Tobacco.【METHOD】 Three methods, which are the kit, the Trizol regent and the CTAB for RNA isolation, were used to compare total RNA of 6 tissues .【RESULTS】The results show that there are different effects of 3 methods for isolating RNA form different tissues of Tobacco. The kit and the Trizol regent for RNA isolation aren’t suitable for isolating total RNA from Tobacco seed, while the CTAB method can be isolated total RNA from every Tobacco tissues. Moreover, the RNA can be used for the RT-PCR and the other subsequent experiment. 【CONCLUSION】The kit is simple and quick method for isolation RNA from Tobacco, compared with the Trizol regent and the CTAB method.

  Application of Grey Correlative Degree Analysis Relation of Main Quantitative Characters and Output in Eleven New Sugarcane Varieties Huang Zhenrui, Pan Fangyin, Chen Yuegui, Ao Junhua, Peng Dongyong, Yang Junxian 2007, 23 (12):  194-194.  Abstract + ( 1307 )   PDF ( 531383KB )   ( 503 ) The object was to assess the effect of main quantitative characters of sugarcane on yield. By the method of grey correlative degree analysis, the paper analyzed the correlative degree between main quantitative characters and yield of eleven new sugarcane varieties in 2005—2006. The results showed that the order of the correlative degree of main characters to yield was sugar content per hectare, stalk length, stalk diameter, sprout rate, stalk weight, millable cane, tiller rate. It indicated that sugar content per hectare and stalk length are the main factors which effect the yield of sugarcane. This provided an important theoretic basis for sugarcane breeding.

  Selective Breeding of Female Plant from Three Different Hybridizable Castor F2 Lu Jiannong, He Juemin, Huang Wenxia, Liu Xiangyun, Mo Junjie, He Yi 2007, 23 (12):  198-198.  Abstract + ( 1423 )   PDF ( 116240KB )   ( 832 ) The sexual reversible of main spike, the effective branches, the length of main spikes and the weight of 100 grains of F2 female plants which came from different hybridizations was studied. The result showed that Contrasting with CK, the sexual reversible of main spike, the effective branches, the length of main spikes of three F2 female plants was extremely significant. But in weight of 100 grains, the female plants from the F2 of CSR8-5×OUC-5 was not significant, and the female plants from the F2 of CSR8-5×DH-7 was extremely significant lower. Throught F2 female plants of different hybridizations castor selected, F2 female plants of synthetized character castor are filtrated to fit to southern of China.

  Application Effect Study of Plastic-plate and Scattered-transplantation Seedling Dry-raised Nurse in Mid-season Japonica Rice Huang Niansheng, Zhang Hongxi, Dai Zhengyuan, Wang Baohe, Li Yuhong, Zhang Xiuqin 2007, 23 (12):  206-206.  Abstract + ( 1153 )   PDF ( 330558KB )   ( 484 ) To overcome the obstacles of small flexibility of seedling age, low seedling quality and complicated working procedure in traditional seedling raising with moist seedbed of plastic plate, using dry-raised seed coating material seed-coated, studies it in the application effect of plastic-plate wetness-raised seedling. The result indicated that: Seed-coated is able to enlarge the seedling-elasticity of plastic-plate scattered-transplantation seedling, improves the rice seedling quality, simplifies the working procedure of breeding seedling, increases yield of rice. Compared with not coating, the seed-coated can enhance rate of seedlings emergence, abates the damage of damping-off and thrips oryzae Williams, reduces high of seedling, obvious increases in the chlorophyll content, the photosynthesis speed, the tiller number of one seedling, thick of sham stem, total root and root/shoot ratio. The seedling after cutted root is cultivated in the water, its root-developing-speed quickly, root-strip-number manifolded, root long increased, seedling-standing speed earlier 3 days. After scattered-seedling, leaf area index enhance, the dry material accumulates manifolds, the production increase is remarkable, in each different growing period of seedling. The application of dry-raised seed coating can solve problems in traditional seedling raising with moist seedbed of plastic plate, promoting seedling raising techniques.

  The Effects on the Yields of Flue-Cured Tobacco and Activities of Main Soil Enzymes Zhang Yi, Zhang Changhua, Wang Zhenmin, Huang Jianguo 2007, 23 (12):  211-211.  Abstract + ( 1523 )   PDF ( 308122KB )   ( 687 ) The effects on the yields of flue-cured tobacco，activities of main soil enzymes were analyzed. By completely random design, the results with six seasons of continuous cropping showed that: (1)The yields of flue-cured tobacco in two soils were obviously reduced with increasing cropping year; Lime stones and clays formed in quaternary period also showed a significant deviation in the same cropping year. (2) The activities of urease, acid phosphatase, invertase became lower with continuous cropping, and the activity of catalase was increased significantly. (3)Continuous cropping problems of flue-cured tobacco in two soils were most obvious after four or five years; Lime stones was more suitable for continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco than clays formed in quaternary period.

  Study of the Relationship between Genetic Distance and Heterosis in Japonica Rice Shen Jingen, Wang Yujuan 2007, 23 (12):  216-216.  Abstract + ( 1327 )   PDF ( 828095KB )   ( 564 ) To grope categorizing method in japonica rice, and calculate the genetic distance of quantitative characters, and study the relationship between genetic distance and heterosis. The key components analysis and cluster analysis were performed for 12 quantitative characters of 30 japonica rice germplasms. Study of the relationship between genetic distance and heterosis were carried out by the graphics. 12 quantitative characters of 30 japonica rice germplasms were concluded to 5 main factors. The contribution of the 5 main factors to total variation of population studied accounted for 86.84%. During evaluating the japonica rice germplasms , the total number of grain per panicle and the number of the filled grain per panicle should be selected firstly. Then the maximum tiller number of the population should be chosen, and finally the growth stage and the vegetative character and the plant type etc. be adjusted. 30 japonica rice germplasms were classified into 5 groups. There wasn’t definite relationship among the geographic distance and the pedigree and the genetic distance. The relationship between the genetic distance and the teterosis was complicated. The largest genetic distance didn’t mean the best heterosis. To evaluate japonica rice germplasms, geography origin and pedigree shouldn’t be only depended on. Selecting parents with medium genetic distance may probably gain stronger heterosis.

  The Characteristic Analysis of Different Wheat Qrain Filling Duan Guohui, Gao Haitao, Wen Hongxia, Zhang Xuepin, Wu Shaohui, Yu Siping, Ma Fei 2007, 23 (12):  224-224.  Abstract + ( 1459 )   PDF ( 139948KB )   ( 383 ) The materialsvere the popular wheat variety in Henan and the cultivars bred by Luoyang Agricultural Sciences Academy, which had been analysiced the parameters of grain filling in logistic. It shows that, for all varictys, coefficient of variation of T3 and R3 is big. It is same to spring characteristic wheat, and overage grain filling velocity is relatively stable, for spring characteristic wheat is same with Tmax and T. For semiuinter variety, the coefficient of variation of T3 and R1 are big, but T and R is on opposite. Studied on the relations between grain filling parameter and grain weight in correlated character, it shows that, for all variety, the key facters to effect grain weight are Rmax, R and R2; for spring characteristic wheat, the grain filling parameter to have extremely correlation for grain weight are Rmax and R2; for semi-winterness, R is extremely relative to grain weight.

  The Impact on Soluble Sugar and Proline Contents under Different Water Stress Yang Shuyun, Yan Ping, Mei Xueying 2007, 23 (12):  229-229.  Abstract + ( 1698 )   PDF ( 258987KB )   ( 665 ) In this paper, the effect of proline and soluble sugar on water stress is studied. Soil moisture is controlled with pot. Meanwhile, there are three water stress treatment and a contrast treatment: the control treatment (CK, the soil relative moisture is 75%~80%), mild water stress (T1, the soil relative moisture is 65%~70%), moderate water stress (T2, the soil relative moisture is 55%~60%), severe water stress (T3, the relative soil moisture is 45%~50%). It is proved that proline and soluble sugar of the flag leaf are both resistant materials for winter wheat in dry condition. The soluble sugar content was increased significantly from jointing stage to flowering stage under mild water stress, but it did not increased significantly from grout filling stage to milky stage. Moderate and severe water stress increase the soluble sugar content in the whole life of wheat, and the contents of milk stage increase 78.6%( moderate water stress) and 144.0%(severe water stress) compare to CK. It shows that soluble sugar might be resistant material with special role for seeds maturing. Praline content increase significantly with the water stress strengthen, it shows that the material is an active substance to resistance drought for winter wheat. The proline contents of flowering stage are about 100% higher than the other four stages’, it shows that proline is the active substances for the wheat to guarantee flowering.

  Progress in the Application of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers Su Xiaowan,, Du Jianjun, Jia Zhenyu, Huang Chenghe, Wang Hao 2007, 23 (12):  234-234.  Abstract + ( 1548 )   PDF ( 150173KB )   ( 732 ) Slow/controlled released fertilizers (SRFs/CRFs) have been paid more attentions by the researchers in recent years. In this paper, the authors summarized the application effects and methods of SRFs/CRFs both at home and abroad, and focused on the he application effects on crops, soil and environment. Comparing with the common fertilizers, SRFs/CRFs can increase fertilizer use efficiency ,crop yield and quality, improve soil physical character and nutrient availability,, promote crop growth, and reduce environmental pollution.

  The effect of low pH on growth of rhizobium of Pueraria lobata Wei Shiqing, Zhang Lei, Zhang Xuejun, Shi Jie 2007, 23 (12):  239-239.  Abstract + ( 1446 )   PDF ( 420211KB )   ( 585 ) The effect of low pH on growth of rhizobium of Pueraria lobata was studied in this paper. PR390 was studied in this trail and the effect of low pH on growth of PR390 was investigated. The results indicated that low pH obviously inhibited the thalli and colony of PR390. The lower the acidity was, the slower the growth of rhizobia with the characteristics of a longer lag phase, a lagged log phase, a delayed stationary phase and a longer generation time were. The number of rhizobia decreased with the pH value of soil reducing. Furthermore, the results indicated PR390 had strong acid-tolerant ability and showed resistance to low pH.

  Effects of Long-term Chemical Fertilization on Soil Physical Properties of three soils in Shandong Province Yang Guo, Zhang Yingpeng, Wei Jianlin, Gao Bimo, Li Yan, Dong Xiaoxia 2007, 23 (12):  244-244.  Abstract + ( 1465 )   PDF ( 555948KB )   ( 739 ) To clarify the effects of long-term application of chemical fertilizer on physical properties of soils, long-term fertilization experiment was used to study the effect of application of chemical fertilizer on physical properties of brown soil, fluvo-aquic soil and cinnamon soil in Shandong province. Some results showed that long-term application of chemical fertilizers could cause soil harden and property deterioration. But results in this research showed that sealing of soil and bulk density of soil are not caused by employing chemical fertilizers twice a year under long-term located fertilizer experiment. Results showed that not only porosity of soil of treatments increased to different extents compared to control treatment, but also bulk densities of soils all decreased and had no obvious tendency of increase after sole chemical fertilizers were employed for 25 years. Brown soil had the highest porosity of soil among three types of soils, then fluvo-aquic soil and cinnamon soil the last. In addition, there was a negative correlation between bulk density and porosity of soil of three soil types and a negative correlation between bulk density and organic matter of brown soil and fluvo-aquic soil, while there was not a negative correlation between bulk density and organic matter of cinnamon soil. Author thought that long-term application of chemical fertilizer couldn’t markedly increase bulk density of soil while increased soil porosity, thus, it wasn’t the main cause of long-term application of chemical fertilizer on sealing of soil.

  Variation of Soil Fertility Quality with Landscape Characteristic in Farmland Cheng Xianfu,, Hao Lixia, Shi Xuezheng, Zhu Hua 2007, 23 (12):  251-251.  Abstract + ( 1240 )   PDF ( 658620KB )   ( 976 ) Soil samples were collected with GPS reference locations and analyzed using standard methods. Characteristics of variation of farmland soil fertility quality was revealed using a GIS spatial analysis technique; Relations of soil fertility quality and its indices with landscape characteristics were discussed. Results of the soil fertility evaluation show that the soil fertility quality was not high in the studies area in 2001 with an index distribution pattern of being lower in the southern part than in the central, western and northern parts. Over the past 20 years, the general trend of the change in soil fertility quality appeared to be upward. The area of farmland with improved soil fertility quality was accounted for 84.4% of the total in the studied zone. The index up between 0 and 0.2 occupying the largest area (498 km2),73.2% of total farmland area; The area of farmland with dropped soil fertility quality was accounted for 15.6% of the total in the studied zone. The index drop between 0 and 0.2 occupying the smallest area (73 km2),10.7% of total farmland area. Landscape characteristic has a great influence on soil fertility quality evaluation. Over the past 20 years, the change in soil fertility quality appeared to be upward was in Anthrosols derived from phyllite, granite and red sandstone, with an elevation below 800m.

  Effect of Spurting Leaf-fertilizer on Flue-cured Tobacco Growth and the Tobacco Qualities Liu Shiliang, Hua Dangling, Liu Fang, Jie Xiaolei,, Du Jun, Han Fugen 2007, 23 (12):  257-257.  Abstract + ( 1534 )   PDF ( 233420KB )   ( 663 ) The paper studied of two spurting leaf-fertilizer (FFF1 and FFF2) on flue-cured tobacco growth and the tobacco qualities. The results indicated that, spray two type leaf fertilizer in the growth period for two or three times could significantly accelerate tobacco growth, increase reducing sugar and K content, reduce Cl-, nicotine and total N contents, so could optimize character of chemical component in tobacco leaf and improve the quality of tobacco leaf, and the FFF2 was better.

  Effect of Amount of Base Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Houttuynia Cordata Thunb in Growing Media Yu Hongjun, Jiang Weijie, Sun Huanming, Han Yaqin, Cao Hua 2007, 23 (12):  261-261.  Abstract + ( 1603 )   PDF ( 951837KB )   ( 648 ) To study the effects of different base bio-organic fertilizer on output and quality of Houttuynia cordata Thunb(HCT) grown in substrates; Eco-organic type soilless culture was empolyed, the root weight and the leaf weight, contents of Vc, total sugar, protein and mineral elements were tested; The highest yield and profit occurred at the treatment of 16kg bio-organic fertilizer per cubic meter substrates. There was negative relationship between base fertilizer rate and HCT Vc content. Potassium content in root and leaf, phosphorus content in leaf increased, while sodium content in root and leaf and magnesium content in leaf decreased with the base fertilizer rate increasing; It was recommended that optimum rate of base fertilizer for better yield, quality and profit in HCT production was 16kg bio-organic fertilizer per cubic meter substrates.

  Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Malus Teli Zhou Houcheng, Zhao Xia, Zhan Yuwu 2007, 23 (12):  267-267.  Abstract + ( 1339 )   PDF ( 87853KB )   ( 442 ) The purpose of the paper was to establish the tissue culture and propagation technique system of Malus Teli. The shoot segments of Malus Teli as explants were cultured in vitro with MS culture medium and sterile system was established. The effects of different plant growth regulator and shoot segments types on subculture and rooting were studied. The result showed the optimal medium for shoot segments was respectively as follows: the primary medium on MS supplemented with BA 0.5mg/L to 2.0mg/L and IBA 0.1mg/L,shoot proliferation medium on MS supplemented with BA 1.5 mg/L and IBA 0.1mg /L,rooting medium on 1/2MS supplemented with IAA 0.2 mg/L. The propagation rate of shoot could reach about 5.6 for 25 days and rooting rate was up to 91.9 percent.

  Effects of ABT and CaCN2 on Budding, Rooting and Some Physiological and Biochemical Metabolize of Grape(Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Thompson seedless) Cuttings Wen Yingqiang, Feng Jiayue, Wan Chunyan 2007, 23 (12):  270-270.  Abstract + ( 1644 )   PDF ( 331251KB )   ( 477 ) The rooting and physiological biochemistry metabolize changes were studied during rooting of the hardwood of Thompson seedless grape (Vitis vinifera L.) by treating of ABT and CaCN2 with water control. The results indicated that the cuttings by treating of ABT rooted earlier, rooting date and the number of roots more than other treatments, and the roots grew healthily. The cuttings by treating of CaCN2 buded earlier, and buding date and the length of branchs were more than others.Root rates and bud rates by treating of CaCN2 firstly , then by treating of ABT were between ABT and CaCN2, respectively, but there were significant difference with water control, and no significance ABT and CaCN2, respectively. Starch could change to soluble sugar easily by treating of ABT singly or both ABT and CaCN2, so promoting rooting. The activity of indoleacetic acid oxidase ( IAAO ) , polyphenol oxidase (PPO ) , as w ell as, the relationship between enzyme activities and rooting capacities of Thompson seedless grape cuttings was studied in this paper. There were the more relationship between rooting capacities and enzyme activities, which changed with different rooting time. During callus formatting, higher IAAO activities could release IAA in grape, benefiting inducing roots, but during root elongating, lower IAAO activities benefited to protect IAA been released, promoting roots growing. During the course of adventitious root formation, PPO activities increase quickly, promoting rooting.

  Research of in vitro Cutting for Fast-Propagation on Stem of Hot Pepper Zhu shinong, Cui qunxiang, Liu weidong 2007, 23 (12):  274-274.  Abstract + ( 1378 )   PDF ( 244724KB )   ( 474 ) Although there were some advantage of short cycle and no difference between genotype on stem of hot pepper for fast-propagation, but the propagation coefficient was lower(1 times per cycle). For expanding propagation coefficient and overcoming influence between genotype in the course of cultivation, Stem of Niujiao pepper asepsis seeding was cultivated in this paper, and the fitting stem bud and rootage substrate were screened out. The effecte of asepsis stem for cultivation on difference source of color pepper was same to Niujiao pepper. The results showed that fitting substrate for in vitro cutting for fast-propagation on stem of hot pepper was MS mineral salt + improved MS organic matter + NAA 0.1mg/L + IAA0.2mg/L + CH 400g/L +AgNO3 3.5mg/L+ sucrose 30g/L + agar 7g/L, MS mineral salt +improved MS organic matter+ IAA 0.5mg/L + GA3 0.25mg/L+CH 400g/L + AgNO3 3.5mg/L+ sucrose 3g/L + agar 7g/L；rootage substrate was MS mineral salt + B5 organic matter + NAA 0.1 mg/L + IAA 0.2mg/L + AC 0.2%+ sucrose 30g/L + agar 7g/L.

  Review on Continuous Cropping Obstacle in Vegetable Crops Zhao Zunlian, Yang Guangjun, Gong Zhenhui and Guo Jianwei 2007, 23 (12):  278-278.  Abstract + ( 1724 )   PDF ( 141738KB )   ( 756 ) The continuous cropping obstacle of vegetable crops is an important problem in vegetable production. By means of review to the relative research paper in continuous cropping obstacle of vegetable crops, the aim of this paper is to supply information to the research and application in this field. A lot of research results showed that the main causes of continuous cropping obstacle are accumulation of harmful microbes, salinization of soil, auto-toxicity of vegetable crops etc. Many research results showed that the continuous cropping obstacle could be resolved completely or partly by means of crop rotation, intercrop, bio-control, using resistant varieties, grafting, and organic fertilizer etc.

  The Study of the Irradiation Effect on Runner Plants of Strawberry With 60Co-γ Ray Wu Weimin, Zhao Mizhen, Wang Zhuangwei, Qian Yaming, Yuan Ji 2007, 23 (12):  283-283.  Abstract + ( 1575 )   PDF ( 372373KB )   ( 553 ) The runner plants of five strawberry varieties were irradiated by three different doses of 60Co-γ ray, and the irradiation effect of lethality, lesion, growth restraint on runner plants and the production of new runner plants were studied. The results indicated there was the dead runner plant in five strawberry varieties treated by 60Co-γ ray within 30-80Gy. The death rate was between 22% and 88.7%, which raised with increase in the dose of 60Co-γ ray, but there were different death rate from the different variety. There happened abnomal leaves in all treatment. The change of the length and width of leaf, the height and size of plant was different with irradiation dosage and strawberry variety. The occurance rate and the quantity of the new runner decreased significantly. The different varieties had different sensitivity to the irradiation of 60Co-γ ray, the most sensitive variety was “akihime”, the second was “hokowase”, “chunxu” and “shengxing”, “shuofeng” was most insensitive. The half lethal dose of irradiation to “akihime” was respond to between 30Gy and 50Gy, to “hokowase”, “chunxu” and “shengxing” was between 50Gy and 80Gy, to “shuofeng” above 80Gy.

  Analysis of Biological Characteristic and Growth Dynamics in Nom-brussels Sprouts Sun Zhidong, Yu Qian’er, Chen Xian’nan, Geng Yuhua 2007, 23 (12):  288-288.  Abstract + ( 1100 )   PDF ( 670339KB )   ( 477 ) It was studied on dynamics of biological characteristic in suitable processing juice for leaves of non-brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea vat. Germmifera) by years of experimental observation. The result indicated showed that there were different growth rate for the plant height of different varieties of non-brussels sprouts at different times. There were mainly four phases in the plant growth, i.e. the first slow growing phase (September 17-October 17), the second quick growing fastigium (October 18-30), another slow growing phase (October 31-November 16) and secondary fastigium (November 17 future). There were approximately three growth periods in leaves growth, that is first slow increasing period, then inapparent wave crest and third slow increasing period. The growth of plant spread angle showed a parabola curve, i.e. the wave crest was obvious and mainly among October 1-17. There were three phases in growth of the leaves length, that was faster growing period (September 17-October 17), slower growing period (October 18-November 16) and another faster growing period (November 17 onwards), the both undulation were unconspicuous. Increasing of leaf width was quite complex. Growing of leaf width was mainly in the earlier period (September 17-October 17). It was slower in the later period until stopped growing in the first ten days of November. Growing of leaf was increased a little. All varieties of stem diameter growth was almost finished in the mid-September to the end of October. It was no longer growth by entering November. Biological characteristics of three main varieties was described to fill the domestic blank in the end.

  Cultural Connotations of Chimonanthus L and Their Application in Landscape Architecture Xu Xiaoxia, Jiang Weibing, Weng Mangling 2007, 23 (12):  294-294.  Abstract + ( 1159 )   PDF ( 147410KB )   ( 815 ) Chimonanthus L, a endemic flos-arbustums, distributes widely in our country, with a long utilizing history. According to the relative literatures, this paper gives a brief commentary on the main biological, ecological and ornamental characters of Chimonanthus L, summarizes their historical connotations, states main ways of their applications in landscaping, and suggests their prospects in exploitation and utilization.

  Study of Prevention and Cure on Apple-tree Canker with Effective Microorganisms Ma Zhifeng,Wang Ronghua,He Hongnian 2007, 23 (12):  299-299.  Abstract + ( 1578 )   PDF ( 183996KB )   ( 642 ) People have paid attention to the pollution of soil and water quality caused by using organic arsenic chemistry reagent to prevent and cure apple-tree canker in our apple area, so it has an important purpose to seek a harm-free way for sustaining development of apple. The tests studied the effect of prevention and cure on apple-tree canker with EM mud, EM liquid, 40%‘Fumeishen powder’ and contrast. The results showed that the EM mud was superior to the EM liquid, 40% ‘Fumeishen powder’ and contrast. The prevention and cure effects of EM in 2006 and 2007 were 92.7% and 93.5%, while the recurrence rates of canker scars 1.8% and 2.8% respectively. And the healing effect of scar is 50.4%. So, it was considered as a new way to prevent and cure apple-tree canker with EM mud.

  Relativity between the Distribution of Fusarium oxysporum and the Course of Disease of Wilt Disease of Watermelon Lan Jianglin, Su Mingxing, Ge Cibin, Xiao Rongfeng, Lin Kangmei, Zhu Yujing 2007, 23 (12):  302-302.  Abstract + ( 1459 )   PDF ( 113826KB )   ( 568 ) 【OBJECT】To study the distribution of Fusarium oxysporum inside watermelon plant and its development rule.【METHOD】The experiment was conducted in the watermelon field at Yongtai, Fujian, China. The growth states of watermelon plants with different disease degrees of wilt disease were investigated, as well as the distribution of F. oxysporum at the rhizospheric soils and inside the plants.【RESULTS】As disease developing, it influenced significantly the growth of the watermelon plants. F. oxysporum existed both at the rhizospheric soils of ill and healthy plants, while no significant difference was found among the fungi’s numbers. However, F. oxysporum was detected only at the root of the healthy plants, whereas they were found at both the root and the bottom of stem of the plants at the early stage of the disease, as well as at the root, bottom of stem and the middle part of stem of the plants at the middle stage of the disease. The numbers of F. oxysporum were 3.97、2.07 and 0.27×103cfu/g inside the root of plants at the middle stage of disease, the early stage of disease and the healthy plants, respectively.【CONCLUSION】The number of F. oxysporum inside the watermelon plant related positively to the disease degree, and the fungus had a developing continuity from the bottom to the top.

  The Dynamics of Nutrient Contents in Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng Leaf during Reproductive Growth Stages Zhang Lei, Wang Wenqi, Wang Jinjun, Zhao Zhimo 2007, 23 (12):  306-306.  Abstract + ( 1340 )   PDF ( 143510KB )   ( 692 ) The variation and correlations of seven mineral nutrient elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Mn) of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng leaf during reproductive growth stages were studied in five growth periods. The results showed that the contents of elements N, Mg and Al decreased during flower bud differentiation stage, while the contents of elements K and Mn increased, and the contents of elements P and Ca are stable; the contents of elements N and K decreased during bud period and florescence period, while the contents of elements Mg, Al and Mn increased, and the contents of elements P and Ca are stable; the contents of elements N, P, Mg and Mn decreased during seed stage, while the content of elements Al increased, and the contents of elements K and Ca are stable; significant correlations existed between Ca and P, while the correlations among the others are insignificant.

  Assessment of the Random Ascospore Progeny of Magnaporthe oryzae by rep-PCR Wang Baohua, Weng Qinyun, Tang Zhongmiao, Lu Guodong, Wang Zonghua 2007, 23 (12):  311-311.  Abstract + ( 1310 )   PDF ( 322078KB )   ( 570 ) The random population of ascospore progeny is highly important for genetic analysis or chromosome-walking based gene cloning of Magnaporthe oryzae, a fungal pathogen that causes disastrous rice disease. But the random ascospore progeny may be contaminated by conidia while conducting single ascus and ascospore isolation, which may result in a genetic bias. In this study, individual asci from a cross of strains GUY11 and 81278 were first isolated, then transferred to rice polish agar plates to grow and produce conidia for 3~5 d. Single conidium from each ascus was isolated to construct a random ascospore progeny population. DNA samples from the population and their parents were isolated and used to fingerprint by using Pot2 rep-PCR techniques. The results showed that 176 single conidia isolated from individual asci were different from their parents in DNA fingerprinting patterns, suggesting that each conidium is derived from a single ascospore, and all the progenies were isolated from individual asci. Furthermore, there were 5 specific amplified fragments segregated in 1:1 ratios, suggesting that these fragments are single-locus markers. The results further proved that the random ascospore progeny we constructed was of high quality for genetic analysis, and indicated that the Pot2 rep-PCR could be used as a rapid method for assessing the quality and estimating the deviation of the random ascospore progeny of M. oryzae.

  Studies on the Identification and the Biological Characteristic of the Pathogen of Bean Sclerotinia rot in Greenhouse Liu Chunyan, Wang Yong, Hao Yongjuan, Wang Wanli 2007, 23 (12):  316-316.  Abstract + ( 1180 )   PDF ( 310988KB )   ( 510 ) The pathogen of bean Sclerotinia rot was purified from greenhouse in TianJin.The morphology characteristics and pathogenicity and biological characteristics of the pathogen were studied. The results showed that Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary.was identified as pathogen. The temperature for colony growth ranged from 5~30℃and the optimum growth temperature ranged from 18~23℃;The optimum growth humidity for colony growth ranged from 90%~100%;Among the tested carbon and nitrogen souses,lactose was useful types,ammonium sulphate was the favorable nitrogen source for mycelium growth;Mycelium could grow at pH 3~10,with the optimum 6.5.

  Effects of the Water Extract from Solidago canadenis L. on Seed Germination of Three Plants Zhang Zhen, Liu Jia, Wang Yupeng 2007, 23 (12):  320-320.  Abstract + ( 1550 )   PDF ( 239923KB )   ( 635 ) The allelopathy of the exotic invasive plant Solidago canadenis L. was studied, which study would help understand the inhabition to other plants and be of paramount significance to agriculture. The extract from the organs above ground of Solidago canadenis was used to treat the seeds of three plant seeds, this study determined the seeds germination rate and the final germination. The results were as follows：(1)the allelopathic effects of Solidago canadenis does exist; (2)Higher concentration of the water extract of the host plant could restrain the traits of germination of three plant, including the final percent germination, germination rate and the trend of germination. In three experimented species, the effect of water extract from host plant on Poa annua and Brassia campestris were more significant than Basella rubra. This research using the experiment of seed germination preliminarily proved the chemical mechanism of the host plant.

  The Discuss on the Disinfections Methods of the Research Dwarfish Rootstock Li Jing, Fang Qing, Wang Zheng, Li Chengbin 2007, 23 (12):  324-324.  Abstract + ( 1518 )   PDF ( 539040KB )   ( 533 ) 【OBJECTIVEI】In order to establish the base of the peach dwarfing rootstock’s isolated system, compared the disinfectant effects on the peach dwarfing rootstock Yunong 1, looking for the reasonable and effective disinfectant method. 【METHOD】 The stem segments of the dwarf Yunong rootstock No.1 were disinfected by 75% C2H5OH、HgCl2 、NaClO and disinfectants . 【CONCLUSION】The results indicated that by compared the disinfectant effect, it can be concluded that 75% C2H5OH matched disinfectants was obviously better than 75% C2H5OH matched NaClO or HgCl2. As the result , using 75% C2H5OH 30s+1.5g/L disinfectant 20 minutes was the best method.

  Determination of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci Resistance to Agricultural Streptomycin Li Meiyun, Zhu Mingliang 2007, 23 (12):  328-328.  Abstract + ( 1653 )   PDF ( 183532KB )   ( 762 ) To control tobacco wild fire disease rationally, reduce resistance and reduce pesticide pollution, 43 strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci were isolated from 8 region of Yunnan province and all isolates were determined their resistance to agricultural streptomycin. The results indicated that of all tested isolates, there were 8 high resistance, 17 middle resistance and 18 low resistance isolates respectively. The isolates fungicide resistance from different region was different obviously, the highest resistant isolate come from Wenshan and Kunming region, Honghe isolates had the lowest resistance among all tested isolates. The evident disparity of high-resistance, mid-resistance and low-resistance isolates ratio was exist at different region. 25# from Wenshan Qiubei was the highest agricultural streptomycin resistant isolate, its resistance multiple arrived to 45908 compared to the lowest resistance isolate 34#, which from Yanshan of Wenshan. The EC50 of 43 Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci isolates against agricultural streptomycin was 4.65 in average, was in the range of 0.004~183.631. The average resistance multiple of high-resistance, mid-resistance and low-resistance isolates was 6124.69, 49.72, 6.40 respectively.

  Effectiveness of Normal Pesticides against New Invasive Insect Aleurodicus disperses Russell Liu Kui, Yao Gang, Fu Yueguang, Zhang Fangping, Qin Huafang, Wen Lina, Liu Jing, Cheng Rui 2007, 23 (12):  333-333.  Abstract + ( 1655 )   PDF ( 509786KB )   ( 722 ) Aleurodicus disperses Russell was a new dangerous invasive insect of Hainan province. The action of pesticides against Aleurodicus disperses Russell was studied in order to depress and eradicate the population. The six normal pesticides of 2.5% deltamethrin EC, 20% imidacloprid SL , 480g/L chlorpyrifos EC, 1.8% abamectin EC, 2.5% lambda-cyhalothrin SE and 20% acetamiprid SL were selected and their efficiency was compared by field trial. The result showed: the effect of 2.5% deltamethrin EC and 2.5% lambda-cyhalothrin SE were the 94.09%~100% and 91.72%~100% respectively during 1 to 10 days after treatment while the effect of 20% imidacloprid SL and 1.8% abamectin EC were 32.24%~70.96% and -11.54%~21.54% respectively. 2.5% deltamethrin EC and 2.5% lambda-cyhalothrin SE were the effective pesticides against Aleurodicus disperses Russell with the quicker and more persistent action while 20% imidacloprid SL and 1.8% abamectin EC were unsuitable for using because of lower action.

  Determination of Chlorpyrifos Residues in Vegetables Yu Long,, Li Guang yi,, Deng Xiao, Li Qin fen 2007, 23 (12):  338-338.  Abstract + ( 1598 )   PDF ( 128911KB )   ( 516 ) A method for determination of chlorpyrifos in vegetables was extablished by recovery experiment. The results indicated that, oscillation the samples 30 min, using single acetone as the eluent, filling 1g silica gel in the chromatographical columniation and taking the leaching liquor after 6 minutes can remove the factors that interfering the chromatogaphic peac as well as insure a preferable recovery of 90%~20%。

  Study on Isolation and Screening of Plant-growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and its Biocontrol Acion to Soil-borne Diseases of Cucumber Liang Jiangen,, Zhang Bingxin, Shi Yuefeng, Zhu Lihong, Wu Ji’an 2007, 23 (12):  341-341.  Abstract + ( 1848 )   PDF ( 549304KB )   ( 860 ) A study on screening of plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria and its biocontrol effect to soil-borne diseases of cucumber was studied by means of growth-promoting screening and field trial method in order to get plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria for controlling soil-borne diseases of cucumber and evaluate its biocontrol effect. The results showed that the three screening strains PGPR, CH1, CH2 and CH3 could significantly promote the growth of cucumber in pot test and dish screening. Moreover, the antagonistic test in vitro found that the CH1 and CH2 exhibited antagonistic role to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, whilie no role to Pythium aphanidermatum, CH3 had antagonistic role on two pathogens. In addition, it was proved that the three PGPRs could control cucumber wilt and damping-off disease effectively in pot control efficacy test, field experiment further confirmed its efficacy and found that compatible and incompatible combination of PGPRs exhibited a better effect on growth-promoting and disease prevention than the single PGPR. All these results lay a substantial foundation for further research and industrialization of three PGPRs.

  Study on the Eco-agricultural Regionalization of Jiangxi Province Liu Xiuying, Huang Guoqin 2007, 23 (12):  347-347.  Abstract + ( 1274 )   PDF ( 654772KB )   ( 710 ) According to the agricultural situation of natural resources and the need for provincial eco-agricultural construction and development, based on the principles and methods of ecology and system engineering, and combined qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, an evaluation indicator system for eco-agricultural regionalization was set up, and by using system cluster method and discriminating analysis, the study on eco-agricultural regionalization was made. The results showed that there are five eco-agricultural regions in Jiangxi province and were good and objective, and provided a scientific base for construction, development and macroscopic guide to Jiangxi eco-agriculture.

  Distribution Characteristics of Soil Elements and Its Pedogenetics in the Three Gorges Reservoir District Li Yu, Wei Chaofu 2007, 23 (12):  356-356.  Abstract + ( 1401 )   PDF ( 171730KB )   ( 526 ) Taking Wanzhou as example of the Three Gorges Reservoir District, the paper studies the contents of weathering elements, such as Si, Al, Fe, K, Mg, Ca, and Na, and their distribution characteristics in parent rock and soil. The results show that the ranking of the average contents of elements is that Si>Al>Fe>K>Mg>Ca>Na. The contents of Fe、Ca、Mg、Na、K are higher than the back-ground values of soil elements of China and the world, and Al is intervenient, and Si is lower. It can be showed that the contents of Ca、Mg、K are the highest in the soil developed by limestone and are the lowest by sandstone.Among the soil developed by clastic rock, the contents of weathering elements developed by mudstone are higher than siltstone and sandstone. And it developed by siltstone is in the middle. The ranking of the leaching of parent rock is that: Ca>Mg>Al>Si>K>Fe>Na. Na is one of the lowest of them as the contents of Na in soil could be supplied by Na in parent materials. The degree of soil weathering in semi-tropical region could be not illustrated by CIA, CIW, A, B, ba, etc., calculated from the contents of weathering elements in soils. The silica-alumina molecular ratio and silica-sesquioxide molecular ratio of the fraction in soils on soil weathering are only used in at early developed soil, or at early weathering parent materials.

  Effects of Different No-tillage Modes on Rice Yield and Properties of Paddy Soil Jiang Zepu, Huang Shaomin, Wei Guangpo, Chen Bolun, Meng Yancheng, Su Tianming, Li Zhenjing 2007, 23 (12):  362-362.  Abstract + ( 1410 )   PDF ( 318181KB )   ( 680 ) In order to study the effects of different no-tillage modes on rice yield and properties of paddy soil, a fixed field experiment was conducted to study the effects of no-tillage direct seeding (NTDS) and no-tillage cast seedling (NTCS) on rice yield and changes of the physic-chemical properties of paddy soil using conventional transplanting seedling (CTS) as control. The results showed that NTDS displayed fastest tillering rate in the prophase of tillering stage, the plant height, the rate of burliness and the rice yield of NTDS were highest among three modes under the test, the grains per spike and the weight per 1000-grains of NTDS were same as that of CTS; The effective spikes of NTCS was most among three modes, however, the grains per spike, the rate of burliness, the weight per 1000-grains and the rice yield of NTCS was lowest among three modes. Compared with CTS about the soil properties, the contents of soil organic matter, the total N and available P, K, and the percentage of aggregates in the size group of > 0.25 mm of the no-tillage modes increased in the top layer(0~5cm), humus quality of the no-tillage modes improved. The quality of humus, the percentage of aggregates in the size group of >0.25 mm, and the content of available P of NTDS were better than that of NTCS, however, soil organic matter content and the content of available K of NTDS was lower than that of NTCS. The no-tillage planting modes are propitious to improve the paddy soil fertility in the top layer; And NTDS is benefit to increase the rice yield under the test.

  Farmers' Responses to Environmental Production Based on Participatory Rural Appraisal in the Periphery District of Mi Yun Reservoir Wang Haibin, Li Qifeng, Cheng Xu,, Qiu Huajiao, Zhu Wanbin, 2007, 23 (12):  366-366.  Abstract + ( 1179 )   PDF ( 860082KB )   ( 589 ) In this article 877 farming households in the periphery district of MiYun reservoir were surveyed by means of participatory rural appraisal (PRA), to analysis such as information sources, attitude to environmental protection, expectation to ecological compensation, opportunity costs, and opinion to resettlement etc. Some corresponding suggestions are put forward in accordance with the major problems. The most urgent demands to protect and improve the environment quality in the reservoir periphery district are following: developing the information channels, educating the farmers & improving their consciousness of ecology, and above all, to develop agritourism and metropolitan agriculture.

  Study on the Relative Theoretical Problems of Agro-tourism Development Zhou Shunnian, Chen Liying, Xie Zhizhong, Huang Xiaoling 2007, 23 (12):  371-371.  Abstract + ( 1368 )   PDF ( 138651KB )   ( 592 ) Agro-tourism is the special agriculture that combines the production, life and the ecosystem, and is organic fusion of the district agriculture and leisure tour industry, and is also a kind of new industry that promotes an economic development of village, so it realizes high unification of the agricultural ecosystem effect, social effect and economic effect. This thesis enumerates each expert ‘s different interpretation concerning agro-tourism. After thorough analysis, we unify to definite its content and postpone outside, and concentrates on thorough inquiry into the basic characteristic, the social economic function and the demand on management. So it is necessary to study theory and manipulate measure of agro-tourism exploitation and management.

  Discussions about the Transfer of Housing Land Usufruct in Rural Areas Jiang Hui, Jiao Weiping, Lu Jie, Xu Dan 2007, 23 (12):  376-376.  Abstract + ( 1395 )   PDF ( 192703KB )   ( 546 ) The transfer of the rural housing land usufruct remains a hot topic for years in the field of land management in China partly because of the complexity and difficulties. This paper summarizes the current situation about it, discusses the problems arising from it, analyzes the causes for it, and finally puts forward some suggestions and measures to perfect it, in an attempt to make it go on a track of institutionalization, standardization and legalization.

  Research on Risk Assessment of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution with GIS Lei Nengzhong, Huang Dapeng, 2007, 23 (12):  381-381.  Abstract + ( 1583 )   PDF ( 699245KB )   ( 927 ) In order to meet the needs of agricultural non-point source pollution control, on the base of analysis of the effect factors of agricultural non-point source pollution, the risk assessment model for agricultural non-point source pollution are established. GIS was employed to derive all the data and evaluate model in order to get spatial variance and distribution of the risk levels on different scales within study area. The evaluation results can supply the pollution control with target areas. The model was evaluated at 100m grid cell in Hangbuhe river watershed. The evaluation does not have high demands on basis data, and its results are accurate. There is a potential for the method to be used for pollution control under the limited data conditions as Hangbuhe river watershed.

  Influencing Factor of Firewood Utilization in China Wang Wenlan 2007, 23 (12):  386-386.  Abstract + ( 1136 )   PDF ( 136871KB )   ( 410 ) The article firstly analyzes the basic circumstances，and point the firewood resources are reducing as a whole. The firewood is scanty for country population in different degree. Secondly, the article analyzes the related relation between firewood consumption and related variable in China by Sequence data. It point it is country population, average GDP per person and Consumption quantity of energy sources for merchandise attribute in all factors which can influence firewood utilization.

  Application Present Situation of DCA、CCA、and DCCA Ordination of Grassland Vegetation Communities in China Jia Xiaoni, Cheng Jimin, Wan Hui’e 2007, 23 (12):  391-391.  Abstract + ( 1844 )   PDF ( 146428KB )   ( 631 ) Ordination is one of importance measures to investigate the grassland vegetation communities. It can be used to analyze the ecological interaction between vegetation and the environment round the plants. This paper is mostly discussing the development of the Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA), Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) and Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA), and summarizing the using-actuality of three ordinations. And we know that DCA is a good manner to analysis the community’s interaction, and it always used with classis analysis. But CCA and DCCA is a good manner to analysis the ecology interaction the species and environment, but because of some reason, it is few used in the practical research. Those manners have their application prospect, and offer some references to the study of grassland ecology and ecological interaction of grassland vegetation communities.

  Overview of Remote Sensing Technology be used in Plant Nitrogen Status Diagnosis and N Fertilizer Recommendation Jia Liangliang,, Shou Lina, Li Fei, Chen Xinping, Zhang Fusuo 2007, 23 (12):  396-396.  Abstract + ( 1448 )   PDF ( 177873KB )   ( 1055 ) The recent development of remote sensing technologies be used in plant nitrogen status diagnosis and N fertilizer recommendation was summarized. The principles, merits, shortcomings and current research status of the hyper-spectral canopy measurements, digital image processing and high resolution satellite image be used in N status diagnosis were analyzed. It is suggested although the problems such as the expensive equipments and complicated techniques remains, but with the development of the technologies, the remote sensing still have bright future be used in precision nutrient management in the future.

  Study on the Flue-curing Schedule for the Barn which Temperature and Humidity Can be Auto-Controlled Wang Yahui, Zhang Shutang, Cheng Yinghui, Fan Zhiyong 2007, 23 (12):  407-407.  Abstract + ( 1510 )   PDF ( 111292KB )   ( 474 ) It is a major issue of Chinese tobacco for developing the Barn which temperature and humidity can be auto-controlled. In order to determine the flue-curing schedule for this Barn, based on the flue-curing theory and results in the study on this barn, the flue-curing schedule for this Barn was programmed and trialed contrasted with the schedule for conventional barn. The results show: the new schedule was simple, easy-running, and the Quality of cured tobacco was improved: rates of orange tobacco, the first class tobacco higher than check by 3.38, 4.74percentage, average price is 01.53 yuan/kg higher. Meanwhile, total sugar, starch, nicotine, total nitrogen, protein and the difference between total sugar and reduce sugar is lower, and chemical composition is more balance than check.

  The Status and Development of China's Logistics Vegetables System Zhao Dongmei, Sui Jing 2007, 23 (12):  411-411.  Abstract + ( 1398 )   PDF ( 205567KB )   ( 753 ) Study on vegetables logistics system has far-reaching significance for increasing farmers’ income and enriching vegetable market. China's modern vegetables logistics system construction started late, and no related successful experience we could draw on, although it obtains the attention of the government and the market level, but in recent years the successful exploration was uncommon. This paper analyzed and summarized the status of the vegetables logistics system as a starting point, sums up the five typical problems in China's logistics vegetables system, and raises recommendations and specific measures to these problems.

  Design of the Closed Plant Factory and Study on the Artificial Lighting Environment Wei Lingling,, Yang Qichang, Liu Shuili 2007, 23 (12):  415-415.  Abstract + ( 1719 )   PDF ( 693967KB )   ( 807 ) The closed plant factory has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protective, high precision control and low productive cost and it can be developed greatly. The closed plant factory using artificial lighting was constructed by the opaque thermal insulated materials. A real-time dynamic supervisory environmental control system was developed, controlling the environmental factors precisely; To improve the lighting for the plant to growth and the efficiency utilization of light, the LED lighting environmental control device and the lighting distance adjustable fluorescent board were designed. Experimental studies of environmental control system and biology were taken to supply information to the closed plant factory and the research on LED used in the seedling production area. The cucumber seedling compare experiments under LED, fluorescent lamp and the sunlight showed LED lighting was superior to other treatments, which has more advantages.

  Bibliometrics Analysis on Hot-topic Fishery Sci-Tech Field Based on Journal Papers Zhang Xiaoqin, Wu Jun, Chen Xinran 2007, 23 (12):  420-420.  Abstract + ( 1679 )   PDF ( 195853KB )   ( 496 ) By analyzing the published papers on JORUNAL OF FISHERIES OF CHINA and JOURNAL OF FISHERY SCIENCES OF CHINA, which are two important academic journals in fishery science in China with high influence, we classified the papers according to different subjects and compared them in terms of paper numbers, and discussed the hot-topic subjects based on the results. The results showed that there were total 1186 papers published on the two journals from 2002 to 2006, among which the papers in the subject of genetic breeding in aquaculture organisms had the highest number, which was 290, making up 24.5% of the total paper numbers. In fact, this subject has been being the hot topic during recent years, and the research papers have been published not only in China but also in some international journals. But for the subject of fishery environment and ecology, the authors had more journals to contribute, so the situation reflected from the two journals may not be general. Anyway, the results of this study can reflect the comparative advantage and disadvantage among the different subjects in fishery science, and the purpose of this study is to provide a reference for the academic journal editors to select their candidate papers and for the researchers to project their researches.

  Analysis of Advantage and Outlook on Sugarcane as Energy-crop Li Jinbao, He Lilian, Li Fusheng 2007, 23 (12):  427-427.  Abstract + ( 1427 )   PDF ( 626318KB )   ( 756 ) Energy sugarcane had more advantages in the supply of raw materials, the output of ethanol, the costs and the technologies of produce than other energy crops, so it had vaster prospect to development. The produce of energy ethanol was advantaged to the lasted development of the cane sugar industry, promoting the adjustment of the framework of agricultural industry and increasing the income of the farmer. At present, to developing the industry of the fuel ethanol made of sugarcane, some matters need to be solved in the new varieties breeding, the technology improving and the policy helping.

  Development of Biomass Energy in China's Rural Areas and Countermeasures Liu Rongzhi, Zhou Xianlong 2007, 23 (12):  434-434.  Abstract + ( 1106 )   PDF ( 144804KB )   ( 670 ) This paper elaborated the significance of developing biomass energy in rural areas of China, and analyzed the current status on development of it. The field should be focused on biomass power generation, biogas engineering, bio-liquid fuel and biomass molding particles fuel in future. For achieving the expected goals, planning strengthened, co-ordination, technology research enhanced, and public education should be done on the basis of investigating and systematic study on biomass energy in rural areas.

  The Development of Agricultural Industry Belt in Foreign Countries and to China Agricultural Development Enlightenment Zhang Qing, Liu Lifeng, Zhou Xuying 2007, 23 (12):  437-437.  Abstract + ( 1343 )   PDF ( 139941KB )   ( 476 ) China is a large agricultural nation, the region difference is obvious; The different region, its agricultural development direction with also has with emphasis differently; Compares with the overseas developed country, our country region agriculture has not certainly obtained the very good development. The article carries on the analysis to Japan and Canada’s Agricultural industry belt, and key elaborates Japan and Canada the agriculture industry belt development procedure and the measure. The article finally obtains some to the Chinese region agricultural development enlightenment.

  Agritourism Characteristics, Pattern & Developing Strategy in China Fu Hua, Wu Yanhua, Mu Jianyi 2007, 23 (12):  442-442.  Abstract + ( 1505 )   PDF ( 142192KB )   ( 592 ) The past ten years have seen the rapid development of agritourism in China, and the agritourism is growing as one of the pole industry in the society and economy of the countryside. It’s imperative to form the theory system to meet with practices on the agritourism. This paper analyses the history of the agritourism development. Furthermore, some agritourism scenes are being investigated. The agritourism is related with the resident income and consumption increasing, its status is changing constantly, and inherits many characteristics from sightseeing agriculture, endures spontaneity, independence and exploitation stages. In order to accelerating the sustainable development of the agritourism, it’s necessary to combine the agritourism with the travel agency sale promotion. Tourism associations can play big roles in the recreational agriculture. More products of the agritourism should be made. Service levels should be upgraded. Other measures include utilize modern science and technology, set up criterions and develop ecological agritourism.

  The Analysis of the Competition Situation for Chinese Paddy Output Wu Qizhi, Zhou Kejin 2007, 23 (12):  447-447.  Abstract + ( 1582 )   PDF ( 116923KB )   ( 511 ) This paper is base on analysis the current situation for a paddy import and export trade in the World and China. By introducing Trade Competitive Index, Revealed Comparative Advantages Index and International Market Occupation Ratio methods, etc. To comparative analysis the international competition situation for the paddy export trades among the main paddy export nations in the world. Also by comparing and analysis for the cost benefit of the paddy between USA. And china, the quality of the paddy between Thailand and China and the paddy quality safety of china, the advanced analysis are given for the influence factors of the Chinese paddy export. In final, some suggestions for raising the paddy export competitive power of china are given such as improve research, introducing into and generalize high quality paddy breeds, to improve paddy quality, to build a new quality and inspecting system for the paddy production, the main corporation should be support by government, to speed up industrialization for the high quality paddy, to improve the paddy currency system, to enhance the fund for the basic production establishment and the allowance for the paddy production.

  Study on the Relationship of Household Responsibility System and Building of New Countryside Kong Youli 2007, 23 (12):  451-451.  Abstract + ( 1333 )   PDF ( 140565KB )   ( 419 ) The paper studied the negative impact of household responsibility system on the building of a new countryside in Dianhucun, Jiangsu Province. Dispersed small-scale operation pattern mobilized the enthusiasm of the farmers greatly and resolved the problem of food and clothing. Planned economy is replaced by market economy and the target of agriculture produce is to increase farmer’s income now. Compare to the scale operations, the dispersed small-scale operation lead to higher cost and poorer ability of products which impede increasing of farmer’s income, and the difficult of land transfer and the improvement of rural infrastructure. Household responsibility system is not conducive to the building of new countryside. The cooperative supplied some gaps of household responsibility system and favored the building of new countryside.

  China Leisure Agriculture Status and Trends Ji Xianmin 2007, 23 (12):  456-456.  Abstract + ( 2123 )   PDF ( 143307KB )   ( 821 ) The rapid development of China's leisure agriculture. At present, the characteristics of the leisure agriculture farmers (farm musicians:“Nong Jia Le”) have developed to over 1500000, with a certain amount of leisure agriculture park to more than 12000, directly employing nearly 3000000 people, Napoleon 700 million passengers, operating income amounted to about 90 billion yuan(RMB). Have become agricultural and rural economic development one of the bright lights, shows a bright future will become China's characteristics and the modernization of agriculture and an important move to increase farmers. To deal with existing problems, we should make efforts to resolve the poor conditions of infrastructure, a shortage of qualified personnel, planning lagging, not prominent characteristics, management was not standardized, higher level of service is not the problem.

  Analysis on Governmental Behavior in Adjustment to Agricultural Structure Song Guangjun, Wang Zhe 2007, 23 (12):  461-461.  Abstract + ( 1107 )   PDF ( 166004KB )   ( 524 ) It’s an objective requirement for social and economic development to enhance adjustment to agricultural structure in present China. Government has a direct influence on it under the background of system reform. At present, there exist some problems in offside, absence and impropriety of governmental behavior. It’s especially important to analyze the reason for correctly positioning governmental behavior and smoothly improving adjustment to agricultural structure.

  Developing Modern Agriculture is an important action to accelerate the process of new rural construction Fan Jinbao 2007, 23 (12):  465-465.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   PDF ( 143601KB )   ( 456 ) Paying attention to agriculture and developing agriculture is the key to implement sustainable development strategy in China. The tradition agriculture developing pattern has restricted development of agricultural economy and the improvement of labor productivity. In order to explore a suitable pattern for agriculture’s fast development , by carrying on an comparison between the two models of traditional agriculture and the modern agriculture, the author thinks that e developing modern agriculture not only is the need to increase the peasants' income, realize the agricultural sustainable development and guarantee the need of country food security, but also is an inevitable choice to enhance the Chinese agricultural product international competitive power and construct the new countryside. Farmers are the main part in construction of new rural areas, so, in order to develop modern agriculture, the farmers’ understanding to develop the modern agriculture must be enhanced firstly, and then modern new peasants must be trained by science and technology. In order to speed up the shifting of the surplus labor forces in the rural areas, the system of land contracting and transferring must be perfected. In order to satisfy the need of construction of new rural areas, new rural finance service system should be constructed for development of the modern agriculture, and some measures must be taken to enforce the power of financial supporting.

  On the Conception of Establishing the Assessment System after Agricultural Legislation Li Jun 2007, 23 (12):  470-470.  Abstract + ( 1003 )   PDF ( 170738KB )   ( 511 ) Although it is an important system to improve the quality of agricultural legislation, the assessment after agricultural legislation has not been established yet. Therefore, it is necessary to research and discuss the question deep. The author think, as an innovation of system, the assessment after agricultural legislation will have an important significance both in the theory and in the practice of agricultural legislation. On one hand it will promote the development of legislation thought, on the other hand it will play a great role to check the efficiency and rationality of agricultural legislation, and it will strengthen the level of agricultural legislation in science and democracy. Finally, it will continuously better the quality of agricultural legislation so that a series of reliable law can be provided, which will become the foundation of system to develop modern agriculture and construct a new socialist countryside. However, establishing the assessment system after agricultural legislation will be an extremely complex systematic project. In order to draft a feasible conception plan, the author first discusses and determines the concept of assessment after agricultural legislation, and introduces the present situation about it, simultaneously puts forward the preliminary analysis to each integrant elements of the system. Based on the research and analysis to the organization, object, contents, principle, standard, method and procedure of the assessment, the author come up with the opinions and ideas about mapping out the assessment system after agricultural legislation.

  Improving Rural Technical Service System and Promoting the Construction of New Socialist Countryside Zhang Bin 2007, 23 (12):  476-476.  Abstract + ( 1009 )   PDF ( 141293KB )   ( 404 ) This paper has analyzed the development situation, existing problems and challenges of Guangxi rural technical service system and put forward some suggestions of how to improve the system and conduct effectively the functions of the system as references for promoting the construction of new socialist countryside theoretically and practically.